CN117415262A - Preparation method and product of TC18 titanium alloy die forging with high ultrasonic flaw detection grade - Google Patents
Preparation method and product of TC18 titanium alloy die forging with high ultrasonic flaw detection grade Download PDFInfo
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- CN117415262A CN117415262A CN202311472490.0A CN202311472490A CN117415262A CN 117415262 A CN117415262 A CN 117415262A CN 202311472490 A CN202311472490 A CN 202311472490A CN 117415262 A CN117415262 A CN 117415262A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 268
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001040 Beta-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The preparation method and the product of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging with high ultrasonic flaw detection grade can improve the ultrasonic flaw detection grade, reduce the required firing rate for forging and improve the production efficiency. The method comprises the following steps: (1) Heating TC18 titanium alloy to 1100-1200 ℃, forging with large deformation amount under 1 fire, and three piers and three pulls; (2) Heating to 1000-1100 ℃, forging with 1 firing time, and heading and pulling in a three-way reversing way; (3) Heating to 30-60 ℃ at Tbeta temperature, forging for 1 time, continuously forging for two times in three-way reversing, and supplementing temperature for each time of furnace return; (4) Heating to 50-80 ℃ at T beta temperature, forging with 1 firing time, forging in three directions; (5) Heating to 30-60 ℃ at Tbeta temperature, forging with 2-3 times of fire and large deformation, continuously three times of three-way reversing forging, and then drawing to the size of a finished product, and returning to the furnace for temperature compensation each time; and (6) heating to 30-60 ℃ at T beta temperature, die forging and air cooling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal processing, in particular to a preparation method of a TC18 titanium alloy die forging with a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade and a product manufactured according to the preparation method of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging with the high ultrasonic flaw detection grade.
Background
The nominal component of TC18 titanium alloy is Ti-5Al-4.75Mo-4.75V-1Cr-1Fe, and the alloy is widely applied to the aerospace industry due to the advantages of high strength and high toughness. Because the alloy belongs to metastable near-beta titanium alloy, the transformation point is low, the processing is usually carried out at a low temperature in a two-phase region, the deformation resistance of a blank is high, the forging permeability is poor, the phenomenon of coarse core grains easily occurs in a die forging, the grain refinement degree is low, the tissue uniformity is poor, and the ultrasonic flaw detection grade is difficult to promote. The Chinese patent with publication number of CN115121752A discloses a preparation method of a TC18 titanium alloy large-size bar, which comprises the following steps: cogging forging: selecting TC18 titanium alloy cast ingots, heating, preserving heat, and forging for 2 times to obtain intermediate blanks; forging an intermediate blank: heating and preserving the heat of the intermediate blank, and forging the intermediate blank for 4 times to obtain a rod blank; forging a finished product: and heating and preserving the heat of the bar blank, forging for 1 time, and rounding to obtain the TC18 titanium alloy bar. The Chinese patent publication No. CN112139413A discloses a forging method for improving the structural uniformity of TC18 titanium alloy large-sized bars, which comprises the following steps: forging the TC18 titanium alloy cast ingot in a single-phase region by upsetting and drawing with 3 times of large deformation; then upsetting and drawing forging with small deformation of 1 fire time is carried out in the two-phase region; then upsetting and drawing forging with small deformation of 1 firing time is carried out in a single area; and then upsetting, drawing and forging with small deformation of 4-6 times in a two-phase region, and finally drawing out and rounding to the required size. Both the above two technologies improve the uniformity of the core structure and the ultrasonic flaw detection level by a multi-firing forging process, namely a high-low forging process, a fine grain forging process, but the required firing times are respectively 7-12 times and 9-11 times, and the production period is long and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the preparation method of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging with high ultrasonic flaw detection grade, which can improve the ultrasonic flaw detection grade, reduce the required firing rate for forging and improve the production efficiency, and the produced die forging has the advantages of refined crystal grains, good tissue uniformity and high ultrasonic flaw detection grade.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging with the high ultrasonic flaw detection grade comprises the following steps:
(1) Heating TC18 titanium alloy to 1100-1200 ℃, forging with large deformation for 1 fire time, wherein the deformation mode is three piers and three pulls, and single upsetting deformation is 50-60%, so as to crush original as-cast crystal grains;
(2) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (1) to 1000-1100 ℃, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is three-way reversing upsetting, and the single upsetting deformation is 40-50%, so that grains are primarily crushed, and the tissue uniformity is improved;
(3) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (2) to 30-60 ℃ at T beta temperature, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is continuous twice three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 40-50%, and returning to the furnace for temperature compensation after each three-way reversing forging so as to further refine crystal grains and improve the uniformity of the structure;
(4) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (3) to a temperature of between 50 and 80 ℃ at Tbeta, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is three-way forging upsetting, and the single upsetting deformation is between 40 and 50 percent so as to form a uniform lamellar alpha structure;
(5) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (4) to 30-60 ℃ at T beta temperature, forging with 2-3 times of large deformation, wherein the deformation mode is that the forging stock is drawn to the size of a finished product after three continuous three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 50-60%, and the forging stock is returned to the furnace for temperature compensation after each three-way reversing forging, so that the lamellar alpha structure of the spheroidized sheet is fully crushed and fully deformed by using the large deformation, and a bi-state structure with uniform and fine equiaxial alpha structure is obtained;
(6) And (3) heating the forging stock obtained in the step (5) to the temperature T beta of 30-60 ℃, performing die forging, performing air cooling after forging, and processing the die forging stock into a finished die forging piece by using machining equipment so as to shape the outline dimension of the die forging piece.
The forging center structure is fully deformed by using the three-way reversing forging process, so that the uniformity of the structure is effectively improved; the forging tissue grains are refined by using a high-low high forging process, so that the product performance is improved; the three-way reversing forging and the high-low forging are combined to reduce the number of forging fires, the required number of fires is only 6-7 times, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced; based on a tissue evolution mechanism and rheological characteristics in the TC18 titanium alloy forging process, the yield is improved while tissue grains are effectively refined through different heat deformation designs; the preparation method comprehensively uses tempering and water-cooling forging processes to shorten the processing period and improve the production efficiency; the forging prepared by the method has the advantages of high grain refinement degree, good tissue uniformity and high ultrasonic flaw detection grade.
Also provided are products made according to this method of making a high ultrasonic inspection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the microstructure of the TC18 titanium alloy forging core obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of the rim of a TC18 titanium alloy forging obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of the TC18 titanium alloy forging core obtained in example 2 of the invention.
FIG. 4 shows the microstructure of the rim of a TC18 titanium alloy forging obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of making a high ultrasonic inspection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 5, the method for preparing the high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging comprises the following steps:
(1) Heating TC18 titanium alloy to 1100-1200 ℃, forging with large deformation for 1 fire time, wherein the deformation mode is three piers and three pulls, and single upsetting deformation is 50-60%, so as to crush original as-cast crystal grains;
(2) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (1) to 1000-1100 ℃, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is three-way reversing upsetting, and the single upsetting deformation is 40-50%, so that grains are primarily crushed, and the tissue uniformity is improved;
(3) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (2) to 30-60 ℃ at T beta temperature, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is continuous twice three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 40-50%, and returning to the furnace for temperature compensation after each three-way reversing forging so as to further refine crystal grains and improve the uniformity of the structure;
(4) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (3) to a temperature of between 50 and 80 ℃ at Tbeta, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is three-way forging upsetting, and the single upsetting deformation is between 40 and 50 percent so as to form a uniform lamellar alpha structure;
(5) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (4) to 30-60 ℃ at T beta temperature, forging with 2-3 times of large deformation, wherein the deformation mode is that the forging stock is drawn to the size of a finished product after three continuous three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 50-60%, and the forging stock is returned to the furnace for temperature compensation after each three-way reversing forging, so that the lamellar alpha structure of the spheroidized sheet is fully crushed and fully deformed by using the large deformation, and a bi-state structure with uniform and fine equiaxial alpha structure is obtained;
(6) And (3) heating the forging stock obtained in the step (5) to the temperature T beta of 30-60 ℃, performing die forging, performing air cooling after forging, and processing the die forging stock into a finished die forging piece by using machining equipment so as to shape the outline dimension of the die forging piece.
The forging center structure is fully deformed by using the three-way reversing forging process, so that the uniformity of the structure is effectively improved; the forging tissue grains are refined by using a high-low high forging process, so that the product performance is improved; the three-way reversing forging and the high-low forging are combined to reduce the number of forging fires, the required number of fires is only 6-7 times, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced; based on a tissue evolution mechanism and rheological characteristics in the TC18 titanium alloy forging process, the yield is improved while tissue grains are effectively refined through different heat deformation designs; the preparation method comprehensively uses tempering and water-cooling forging processes to shorten the processing period and improve the production efficiency; the forging prepared by the method has the advantages of high grain refinement degree, good tissue uniformity and high ultrasonic flaw detection grade.
Preferably, in the step (1), the heating mode is charging when the temperature is increased to 800 ℃ by using a resistance furnace, the temperature is increased to the forging temperature along with the furnace, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the final forging temperature is not lower than 800 ℃.
Preferably, in the steps (2), (4) and (6), the heating mode is to heat the resistance furnace to the forging temperature, charge the blank when the temperature is reached, start timing again when the temperature is reached, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃.
Preferably, in the steps (3) and (5), the heating mode is to heat the resistance furnace to the forging temperature, charge the blank when the temperature is reached, start timing again when the temperature is reached, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the temperature of the furnace returning after each three-way reversing upsetting is kept consistent with the forging temperature until Wen Zhuanglu, and the temperature is again counted, wherein the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the forging stock temperature before furnace return and the final forging temperature are not lower than 600 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (5), the forging temperature is maintained at 2 to 3 times or is reduced as the number of times increases.
Preferably, the forging stock cooling mode after the forging in the steps (1), (2) and (6) is air cooling; and (3) cooling the forging stock after forging in the steps (4) and (5) by water cooling.
Preferably, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the forging stock used for forging in the steps (1) to (5) is 1.5-2.5, and the elongation deformation in the forging process is not more than 80%.
Preferably, the forging hammer pressing rate in the steps (1) to (5) is 20-40 mm/s, and the forging hammer pressing rate in the step 6 is 30-50 mm/s.
Also provided are products made according to this method of making a high ultrasonic inspection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
Example 1: example 1 was performed using an ingot having a gauge of Φ590mm, according to the following steps:
(1) And heating the resistance furnace to 800 ℃, loading the TC18 titanium alloy cast ingot into the furnace, heating the furnace to 1150 ℃, and starting to keep the temperature for 325 minutes. After heat preservation is finished, forging is started, the deformation mode is three piers and three pulls, the single upsetting deformation is 55%, the final pulling deformation is 70%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 35mm/s, and an ingot is forged into square billets with the height of 420 mm. The final forging temperature is not lower than 800 ℃, and the blank is subjected to air cooling treatment after forging.
(2) And (3) heating the resistance furnace to 1050 ℃, loading the forging stock obtained in the step (1) into the furnace, starting timing again until the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for 230 minutes. After heat preservation is finished, forging is started, the deformation mode is three-way reversing upsetting, the single upsetting deformation is 45%, the final drawing deformation is 45%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 35mm/s, and the forging stock is forged into square stock with the height of 420 mm. The final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to air cooling treatment after forging.
(3) And (3) heating the resistance furnace to 820 ℃, loading the forging stock obtained in the step (2) into the furnace, starting timing again until the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for 230 minutes. After heat preservation is finished, forging is started, the deformation mode is continuous twice three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation amount is 45%, the final drawing deformation amount is 45%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 35mm/s, and the forging stock is forged into a square stock with the height of 420 mm. And (3) carrying out furnace returning and temperature supplementing treatment on the blank after each three-way reversing forging, wherein the furnace returning temperature is 820 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 230 minutes. The forging stock temperature before furnace return and the final forging temperature are not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to water cooling treatment after forging.
(4) And (3) heating the resistance furnace to 920 ℃, loading the forging stock obtained in the step (3) into the furnace, starting timing again until the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for 230 minutes. After heat preservation, forging is started, the deformation mode is three-way forging upsetting, the single upsetting deformation is 45%, the final drawing deformation is 70%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 35mm/s, and the forging stock is forged into a square stock with the height of 310 mm. The final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to water cooling treatment after forging.
(5) Forging the forging stock obtained in the step (4) for 3 times, wherein the forging temperature is 820 ℃, the temperature is Wen Zhuanglu, the timing is started again when the temperature is reached, and the heat preservation time is 175 minutes. The deformation mode is three continuous three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 55%, the final drawing deformation is 55% in the first 2 times, the final drawing deformation is 75% in the last 1 times, the pressing rate of a forging hammer is 35mm/s, and finally the forging stock is forged into a stick stock with phi of 260 mm. And (3) carrying out furnace returning and temperature supplementing treatment on the blank after each three-way reversing forging, wherein the furnace returning temperature is 820 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 175 minutes. The forging stock temperature before furnace return and the final forging temperature are not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to water cooling treatment after forging.
(6) And (3) die forging is carried out on the forging stock obtained in the step (5), the forging temperature is 820 ℃, the temperature is Wen Zhuanglu, the time is counted again when the temperature is started, and the heat preservation time is 140 minutes. The pressing rate of the forging hammer is 45mm/s, and the final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃; and after air cooling after forging, machining the die forging blank into a finished die forging by using machining equipment.
The TC18 titanium alloy die forging obtained in the embodiment 1 has uniform microstructure, high grain refinement degree and good comprehensive mechanical property, and the ultrasonic flaw detection grade is A1 grade.
Table 1 shows the chemical compositions of TC18 titanium alloy ingots used in example 1.
TABLE 1
Table 2 shows the mechanical properties of TC18 titanium alloy die forgings obtained in example 1.
TABLE 2
FIG. 1 shows the microstructure of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging core obtained in example 1, and FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging side obtained in example 1.
Example 2:
example 2 was performed using an ingot gauge Φ610mm, according to the following steps:
(1) And heating the resistance furnace to 800 ℃, loading the TC18 titanium alloy cast ingot into the furnace, heating the furnace to 1150 ℃, and starting to keep the temperature for 325 minutes. After heat preservation, forging is started, the deformation mode is three piers and three pulls, the single upsetting deformation is 52%, the final pulling deformation is 75%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 25mm/s, and the cast ingot is forged into a square billet with the height of 400 mm. The final forging temperature is not lower than 800 ℃, and the blank is subjected to air cooling treatment after forging.
(2) And (3) heating the resistance furnace to 1050 ℃, loading the forging stock obtained in the step (1) into the furnace, starting timing again until the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for 220 minutes. After heat preservation, forging is started, the deformation mode is three-way reversing upsetting, the single upsetting deformation is 45%, the final drawing deformation is 72%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 25mm/s, and the forging stock is forged into a square stock with the height of 280 mm. The final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to air cooling treatment after forging.
(3) And (3) heating the resistance furnace to 830 ℃, loading the forging stock obtained in the step (2) into the furnace, starting timing again until the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for 160 minutes. After heat preservation is finished, forging is started, the deformation mode is continuous twice three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation amount is 45%, the final drawing deformation amount is 45%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 25mm/s, and the forging stock is forged into a square stock with the height of 280 mm. And (3) carrying out furnace returning and temperature supplementing treatment on the blank after each three-way reversing forging, wherein the furnace returning temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 160 minutes. The forging stock temperature before furnace return and the final forging temperature are not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to water cooling treatment after forging.
(4) And (3) heating the resistance furnace to 930 ℃, loading the forging stock obtained in the step (3) into the furnace, starting timing again until the temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature for 160 minutes. After heat preservation, forging is started, the deformation mode is three-way forging upsetting, the single upsetting deformation is 45%, the final drawing deformation is 60%, the pressing speed of a forging hammer is 25mm/s, and the forging stock is forged into a square stock with the height of 240 mm. The final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to water cooling treatment after forging.
(5) Forging the forging stock obtained in the step (4) for 2 times, wherein the forging temperature is 830 ℃, the forging temperature is Wen Zhuanglu, the starting timing is performed again, and the heat preservation time is 140 minutes. The deformation mode is continuous three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 50%, the final drawing deformation of the 1 st firing time is 78%, the pressing rate of a forging hammer is 25mm/s, and finally the forging stock is forged into a stick stock with phi 180 mm. And (3) carrying out furnace returning and temperature supplementing treatment on the blank after each three-way reversing forging, wherein the furnace returning temperature is 830 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 160 minutes. The forging stock temperature before furnace return and the final forging temperature are not lower than 600 ℃, and the blank is subjected to water cooling treatment after forging.
(6) And (3) die forging is carried out on the forging stock obtained in the step (5), the forging temperature is 830 ℃, the temperature is Wen Zhuanglu, the time is counted again after the temperature is reached, and the heat preservation time is 100 minutes. The pressing rate of the forging hammer is 45mm/s, and the final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃; and after air cooling after forging, machining the die forging blank into a finished die forging by using machining equipment.
The TC18 titanium alloy die forging obtained by the embodiment has uniform microstructure, high grain refinement degree and good comprehensive mechanical property, and the ultrasonic flaw detection grade is A1 grade.
Table 3 shows the chemical compositions of the TC18 titanium alloy ingots used in example 2.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Table 4 shows the mechanical properties of TC18 titanium alloy die forgings obtained in example 2.
TABLE 4 Table 4
FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging center portion obtained in example 2, and FIG. 4 shows the microstructure of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging edge portion obtained in example 2.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but can be modified in any way according to the technical principles of the present invention, and all such modifications, equivalent variations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the TC18 titanium alloy die forging with the high ultrasonic flaw detection grade is characterized by comprising the following steps of: which comprises the following steps:
(1) Heating TC18 titanium alloy to 1100-1200 ℃, forging with large deformation for 1 fire time, wherein the deformation mode is three piers and three pulls, and single upsetting deformation is 50-60%, so as to crush original as-cast crystal grains;
(2) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (1) to 1000-1100 ℃, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is three-way reversing upsetting, and the single upsetting deformation is 40-50%, so that grains are primarily crushed, and the tissue uniformity is improved;
(3) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (2) to 30-60 ℃ at T beta temperature, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is continuous twice three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 40-50%, and returning to the furnace for temperature compensation after each three-way reversing forging so as to further refine crystal grains and improve the uniformity of the structure;
(4) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (3) to a temperature of between 50 and 80 ℃ at Tbeta, forging for 1 time, wherein the deformation mode is three-way forging upsetting, and the single upsetting deformation is between 40 and 50 percent so as to form a uniform lamellar alpha structure;
(5) Heating the forging stock obtained in the step (4) to 30-60 ℃ at T beta temperature, forging with 2-3 times of large deformation, wherein the deformation mode is that the forging stock is drawn to the size of a finished product after three continuous three-way reversing forging, the single upsetting deformation is 50-60%, and the forging stock is returned to the furnace for temperature compensation after each three-way reversing forging, so that the lamellar alpha structure of the spheroidized sheet is fully crushed and fully deformed by using the large deformation, and a bi-state structure with uniform and fine equiaxial alpha structure is obtained;
(6) And (3) heating the forging stock obtained in the step (5) to the temperature T beta of 30-60 ℃, performing die forging, performing air cooling after forging, and processing the die forging stock into a finished die forging piece by using machining equipment so as to shape the outline dimension of the die forging piece.
2. The method for manufacturing a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), a resistance furnace is used for heating to 800 ℃ for charging, the temperature is increased to a forging temperature along with the furnace, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the final forging temperature is not lower than 800 ℃.
3. The method for manufacturing a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging according to claim 2, wherein: in the steps (2), (4) and (6), the heating mode is to heat the resistance furnace to the forging temperature, charge the blank when the temperature is reached, start timing when the temperature is reached again, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the final forging temperature is not lower than 600 ℃.
4. The method for manufacturing a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging according to claim 3, wherein: in the steps (3) and (5), the heating mode is to heat the resistance furnace to the forging temperature, charge the blank when the temperature is reached, start timing when the temperature is reached again, and the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the temperature of the furnace returning after each three-way reversing upsetting is kept consistent with the forging temperature until Wen Zhuanglu, and the temperature is again counted, wherein the heat preservation coefficient is 0.5-0.6; the forging stock temperature before furnace return and the final forging temperature are not lower than 600 ℃.
5. The method for manufacturing a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the forging temperature is maintained to be constant or is reduced with the increase of the firing number for 2-3 times.
6. The method for manufacturing a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging according to claim 5, wherein: the forging stock cooling mode after the forging of the steps (1), (2) and (6) is air cooling; and (3) cooling the forging stock after forging in the steps (4) and (5) by water cooling.
7. The method for manufacturing a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging according to claim 6, wherein: the height-diameter ratio of the forging stock used for forging in the steps (1) to (5) is 1.5-2.5, and the elongation deformation in the forging process is not more than 80%.
8. The method for manufacturing a high ultrasonic flaw detection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging according to claim 7, wherein: the forging hammer pressing speed in the steps (1) to (5) is 20-40 mm/s, and the forging hammer pressing speed in the step (6) is 30-50 mm/s.
9. The high ultrasonic inspection grade TC18 titanium alloy die forging manufacturing method of claim 1.
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