CN117400002A - Composite manufacturing device for adding and subtracting materials and quality monitoring and intelligent control method - Google Patents
Composite manufacturing device for adding and subtracting materials and quality monitoring and intelligent control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117400002A CN117400002A CN202311728572.7A CN202311728572A CN117400002A CN 117400002 A CN117400002 A CN 117400002A CN 202311728572 A CN202311728572 A CN 202311728572A CN 117400002 A CN117400002 A CN 117400002A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control processing equipment and methods, and provides a composite manufacturing device for increasing and reducing materials and a quality monitoring and intelligent control method, wherein the device comprises a double gantry machine tool and a control system, wherein a first main shaft and a fourth main shaft which are close to the same gantry upright post are respectively provided with a laser synchronous powder feeding device and a temperature monitoring module, a second main shaft is provided with a laser ultrasonic detection module and a friction stirring module, and a third main shaft is provided with a high-speed dry milling device and a deformation monitoring module; a processing platform for placing a workpiece to be manufactured is arranged between the gantry upright posts, and a control system controls the main shaft to work based on a preset instruction so as to realize composite manufacturing of the materials with increased materials and reduced materials. The device can ensure the processing efficiency of large complex components, reduce the residual stress level of parts, improve the size and shape precision of the parts, improve the detection rate of small size defects inside the parts, realize accurate positioning, efficient deletion and in-situ repair, and improve the performance consistency and service reliability of composite manufactured parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control processing equipment and methods, in particular to a composite manufacturing device for increasing and reducing materials and a quality monitoring and intelligent control method.
Background
The composite manufacturing technology for adding and subtracting materials is a novel composite manufacturing technology integrating additive manufacturing, equal material manufacturing, subtracting material manufacturing, online detection and intelligent control, and is widely applied to the production and processing of high-performance large-scale complex structural members in the fields of aerospace, weaponry, ships, nuclear power and the like.
In the prior art, the method is limited by the special process characteristics of 'discrete stacking-layer-by-layer stacking' of additive manufacturing technology, the internal defects of the method have different properties from those of the traditional cast-forging pieces, the defects of air holes, cracks, poor fusion and the like are extremely easy to generate among the deposition layers, and meanwhile, the problems of part deformation and the like are also caused by excessive residual stress. Moreover, as the additive manufacturing technology integrates the characteristics of multi-system integration of adding and reducing materials and multi-working-procedure alternate composite manufacturing of parts, the traditional nondestructive detection technologies such as eddy current, fluorescence penetration, contact or water immersion type ultrasonic and industrial CT are easily limited by the shape, size, detection depth, monitoring precision, penetrating capacity and detection efficiency of the parts, and further the integral high-precision detection of large complex structural parts cannot be realized. If the on-line detection, closed loop feedback, high-precision deletion and in-situ repair of the forming defects cannot be realized, the off-line detection period and detection cost of the parts are greatly increased, the detection blind area of the deep defects in the parts is increased, and products cannot be repaired to cause product rejection, so that the waste of materials is caused, and the high-quality, high-precision and high-performance processing and manufacturing of the parts cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides an equal-increase and material-decrease composite manufacturing device and a quality monitoring and intelligent control method, and solves the technical problems that the material-increase manufacturing technology in the prior art cannot realize on-line detection, closed loop feedback, high-precision deletion and in-situ repair of forming defects of large complex structural parts.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a composite manufacturing apparatus for adding equal-reduction materials, comprising: the double-gantry machine tool comprises two gantry upright posts, a first gantry beam, a second gantry beam, a first main shaft, a second main shaft, a third main shaft, a fourth main shaft and a processing platform which are oppositely arranged;
the first gantry beam and the second gantry beam are oppositely arranged, and the first gantry beam and the second gantry beam are both in sliding connection with the top surfaces of the two gantry upright posts;
the first main shaft and the second main shaft are both in sliding connection with the first gantry beam, the third main shaft and the fourth main shaft are both in sliding connection with the second gantry beam, and the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft are close to the same gantry column, wherein the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft are both provided with a laser synchronous powder feeding device and a temperature monitoring module, the second main shaft is provided with a laser ultrasonic detection module and a friction stir module, and the third main shaft is provided with a high-speed dry milling device and a deformation monitoring module;
A processing platform is arranged between the two gantry upright posts and is used for placing a workpiece to be manufactured;
the control system is connected with the double gantry machine tool and is used for controlling the first main shaft, the second main shaft, the third main shaft and the fourth main shaft to work based on preset instructions so as to perform composite manufacturing of adding, waiting and subtracting materials on the workpiece to be manufactured.
Optionally, the laser synchronous powder feeding device comprises a laser, a laser head, a powder feeding nozzle and a powder feeder;
a containing area is arranged between the two gantry upright posts, and the powder feeder is arranged in the containing area; the laser head and the powder feeding nozzle are arranged at the bottoms of the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft,
the lasers are arranged on the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft;
the laser is connected with the laser head through an optical fiber;
the powder feeding nozzle is connected with the powder feeder through a pipeline on one hand, and is also connected with the protection gas cylinder on the other hand, wherein the protection gas cylinder is internally provided with a mixed gas of argon and helium.
Optionally, the laser ultrasonic detection module comprises a laser ultrasonic detection probe and an ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system, the laser ultrasonic detection probe is arranged at the bottom of the second spindle, the ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system is arranged in a containing area of the double gantry machine tool, and the ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system is connected with the laser ultrasonic detection probe;
The friction stir module is arranged on the second main shaft and comprises a high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device and a plurality of stirring heads of different types.
Optionally, when the workpiece to be manufactured is a metal with low melting point and low hardness, the stirring head is made of tool steel material and the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device does not work;
when the workpiece to be manufactured is made of metal with high melting point and high hardness, the stirring head is made of tungsten-rhenium alloy material and the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device works.
Optionally, the processing platform is a swinging workbench or a biaxial positioner rotating workbench.
The equal-increasing and material-decreasing composite manufacturing device provided by the invention adopts the double gantry machine tools as the basis of manufacturing the whole device, can provide more stable support and rigidity, and ensures accurate processing and manufacturing processes; two spindles with different functions are arranged on each gantry beam, wherein a first spindle on a first gantry beam and a fourth spindle on a second gantry beam work cooperatively to realize two-way laser powder feeding printing, the processing efficiency of large complex components can be ensured, the position arrangement of different spindles realizes zone printing, the residual stress level of parts can be reduced, the size and shape precision of the parts can be improved, and finally, all the spindles are combined to enable the device to simultaneously perform various manufacturing operations, so that the efficiency and the flexibility are improved; the processing platform is arranged between the two gantry upright posts and is used for placing a workpiece to be manufactured, so that the workpiece to be manufactured is convenient to load and unload, and the composite processing of the material increase and the material reduction, the on-line detection and the feedback of the temperature, the deformation and the defects can be completed under the condition of one-time clamping and positioning, so that the integrated forming and the high-precision material reduction processing of a large complex structural member are realized to the greatest extent; the control system is connected with the double-gantry machine tool, so that the overall control and monitoring of the whole working process of the double-gantry machine tool can be realized, the detection rate of micro-size defects in the part manufactured by alternately compounding the materials and the materials in a plurality of steps can be obviously improved, the accurate positioning, the efficient deletion and the in-situ repair are realized, and the performance consistency and the service reliability of the compound manufactured part are improved.
The invention further provides a quality monitoring and intelligent control method for additive and subtractive composite manufacturing, which is applied to the additive and subtractive composite manufacturing device, and comprises the following steps:
3D printing is carried out on the workpiece to be manufactured in the processing platform, so that a solid additive component is obtained;
moving the first spindle and the fourth spindle to a printing starting point of the solid additive component, and enabling the first spindle and the fourth spindle to spray powder on the solid additive component along a preset path and emit high-energy laser so as to deposit a multilayer workpiece with a preset shape;
moving the second main shaft to a preset position, and enabling the second main shaft to scan and detect defects of the multilayer workpiece along the preset path to generate a defect detection result of the multilayer workpiece;
performing composite repair operation on the multilayer workpiece based on the defect detection result, wherein the composite repair operation comprises additive material compounding, additive material increasing and decreasing compounding and additive material decreasing compounding;
and processing the multi-layer workpiece subjected to composite repair by using the third main shaft, so as to complete the whole printing process of the workpiece to be manufactured.
Optionally, the performing a composite repair operation on the multi-layer workpiece based on the defect detection result includes:
obtaining a defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that a first type defect exists in the multi-layer workpiece, and the size of the first type defect is more than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 0.2mm, positioning the first type defect and performing additive-composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, wherein the first type defect comprises pores and unfused defects;
the additive compounding operation includes: and moving the second main shaft to the positioned first type defect, and performing in-situ repair on the first type defect by using the second main shaft.
Optionally, the performing a composite repair operation on the multi-layer workpiece based on the defect detection result includes:
obtaining a defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that a second type of defect exists in the multi-layer workpiece, and the size of the second type of defect is more than or equal to 0.2mm and is less than or equal to 0.5mm, positioning the second type of defect and performing material increasing and decreasing composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, wherein the second type of defect comprises air holes, unfused defects and cracks;
The material increasing and decreasing compound operation comprises the following steps: and moving the third main shaft to the positioned second type defect, and performing dry milling treatment on the second type defect by using the third main shaft so as to delete the second type defect.
Optionally, the performing a composite repair operation on the multi-layer workpiece based on the defect detection result includes:
obtaining a defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that a third type of defect exists in the multi-layer workpiece, and the size of the third type of defect is more than or equal to 0.5mm and is less than or equal to 0.8mm, positioning the third type of defect and performing equal-increasing and material-decreasing composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, wherein the third type of defect comprises dense air holes, unfused defects and cracks;
the additive and subtractive composite operation includes: positioning the third type of defects, determining the positions of stirring pinholes of the third type of defects, moving the second main shaft to the positions of the stirring pinholes, and carrying out compound stirring friction treatment on the multi-layer workpiece;
and moving the third main shaft to the stirring pin hole, and performing dry milling treatment on the stirring pin hole and the friction-stir-stirred flash by using the third main shaft so as to delete and repair the third type of defects in situ.
Optionally, the 3D printing the workpiece to be manufactured in the processing platform to obtain a solid additive component includes:
importing the three-dimensional data model of the workpiece to be manufactured into the control system;
and based on the three-dimensional data model, performing self-adaptive layering slicing treatment and deposition area division on the workpiece to be manufactured on the processing platform from bottom to top by utilizing the control system, and manufacturing the solid additive component in a material layer-by-layer lamination mode.
The method for monitoring and intelligently controlling the quality of the additive and subtractive composite manufacturing provided by the invention can be used for rapidly manufacturing the solid additive component, greatly reducing the manufacturing time, improving the production efficiency, realizing multi-axis deposition of the solid additive component by moving the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft, controlling the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft to spray powder and emit high-energy beam laser along a preset path, enhancing the structural strength and compactness of the component, improving the manufacturing quality, moving the second main shaft and scanning and detecting defects of a multi-layer workpiece, finding the defects of the multi-layer workpiece in time, and carrying out composite repair operation including additive composite, additive composite and additive composite, and additive composite can be pertinently implemented based on the detection result, thereby improving the quality of the workpiece and repairing the defects, and finally processing the multi-layer workpiece after composite repair by utilizing the third main shaft, further improving the processing precision and the surface quality and ensuring that the final product meets the requirements. The method obviously improves the detection rate of micro-size defects in the parts manufactured by alternately compounding the material increasing and reducing and multiple working procedures, realizes accurate positioning, efficient deletion and in-situ repair, obviously improves the performance consistency and service reliability of the parts manufactured by compounding, realizes the on-line quality monitoring of the whole working procedure, solves the problem that the defects of the parts manufactured by adding and reducing materials are difficult to eliminate, and ensures the product quality through the intelligent arrangement method and integrated closed-loop control of the materials increasing and reducing and the multiple working procedures.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive-subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a control system and a double gantry machine tool in a composite manufacturing apparatus for additive and subtractive manufacturing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring and intelligently controlling composite manufacturing quality of additive and subtractive materials according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a technical roadmap of online detection, closed-loop feedback, and in-situ repair in an embodiment of the present application for additive-subtractive composite manufacturing quality monitoring and intelligent control method.
In the figure:
1. a first spindle; 2. a second spindle; 3. a third spindle; 4. a fourth spindle; 5. a first gantry beam; 6. a second gantry beam; 7. a processing platform; 8. automatic tool changing library; 9. a first gantry column; 10. and a second portal column.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for manufacturing a composite material with equal-increasing and decreasing materials, as shown in fig. 1, including: the double-gantry machine tool comprises two gantry columns which are oppositely arranged, a first gantry beam 5, a second gantry beam 6, a first spindle 1, a second spindle 2, a third spindle 3, a fourth spindle 4 and a processing platform 7, wherein the first gantry beam 5 and the second gantry beam 6 are oppositely arranged, the first gantry beam 5 and the second gantry beam 6 are both in sliding connection with the top surfaces of the two gantry columns, the first spindle 1 and the second spindle 2 are both in sliding connection with the first gantry beam 5, the third spindle 3 and the fourth spindle 4 are both in sliding connection with the second gantry beam 6, the first spindle 1 and the fourth spindle 4 are close to the same gantry column, a laser synchronous powder feeding device and a temperature monitoring module are arranged on the first spindle 1 and the fourth spindle 4, a laser ultrasonic detection module and a friction stirring module are arranged on the second spindle 2, a high-speed dry milling device and a deformation monitoring module are arranged on the third spindle 3, a processing platform 7 is arranged between the two gantry columns, the processing platform 7 is used for placing a workpiece to be manufactured, the processing platform 7 is used for being controlled to be placed, and is connected with the first gantry beam 4 and the fourth spindle 4 in a composite mode, and the second spindle 4 is used for manufacturing a workpiece to be controlled by the first spindle and the fourth spindle 4, and the fourth spindle 4 is additionally used for manufacturing a control system.
The equal-increasing and material-decreasing composite manufacturing device provided by the invention adopts the double gantry machine tools as the basis of manufacturing the whole device, can provide more stable support and rigidity, and ensures accurate processing and manufacturing processes; two spindles with different functions are arranged on each gantry beam, wherein a first spindle 1 on a first gantry beam and a fourth spindle 4 on a second gantry beam work cooperatively to realize two-way laser powder feeding printing, so that the processing efficiency of large complex components can be ensured, the position arrangement of different spindles can realize zone printing, the residual stress level of parts can be reduced, the size and shape precision of the parts can be improved, and finally, all the spindles are combined to enable the device to simultaneously perform various manufacturing operations, so that the efficiency and flexibility are improved; the processing platform 7 is arranged between the two gantry upright posts and is used for placing a workpiece to be manufactured, so that the workpiece to be manufactured is convenient to load and unload, and the composite processing of the material increase and the material decrease, the on-line detection and the feedback of the temperature, the deformation and the defects can be completed under the condition of one-time clamping and positioning, so that the integrated forming and the high-precision material reduction processing of a large complex structural member are realized to the greatest extent; the control system is connected with the double-gantry machine tool, so that the overall control and monitoring of the whole working process of the double-gantry machine tool can be realized, the detection rate of micro-size defects in the part manufactured by alternately compounding the materials and the materials in a plurality of steps can be obviously improved, the accurate positioning, the efficient deletion and the in-situ repair are realized, and the performance consistency and the service reliability of the compound manufactured part are improved.
Specifically, the integral structure of the material increasing and reducing composite manufacturing device is shown in fig. 1, two gantry columns specifically comprise a first gantry column 9 and a second gantry column 10, the first gantry column 9 and the second gantry column 10 are oppositely arranged, the first gantry beam 5 and the second gantry beam 6 are slidably connected to the tops of the two gantry columns through guide rail devices, the two gantry beams are oppositely arranged, two spindles with different functions are mounted on each gantry beam, a first spindle 1 and a second spindle 2 are mounted on the first gantry beam 5, the first spindle 1 is close to the second gantry column 10, the second spindle 2 is close to the first gantry column 9, the first spindle 1 and the second spindle 2 slide on the first gantry beam 5 through a common transmission device, the first gantry beam 5 is a high-load gantry according to self-mounting characteristics, a third spindle 3 and a fourth spindle 4 are mounted on the second gantry beam 6, the fourth spindle 4 is close to the second column 10, the third spindle 3 is close to the second gantry beam 9, the first spindle 3 is close to the second gantry beam 6 is mounted on the second gantry beam 6, the second spindle 2 is arranged on the first gantry beam 6, and the second gantry beam 4 is used for machining is placed between the first gantry column and the second gantry column 6 according to the common transmission device, and the first spindle is used for machining precision. Among the four main shafts, the first main shaft 1 and the fourth main shaft 4 work cooperatively and are used for carrying out laser synchronous powder feeding and temperature monitoring, the second main shaft 2 is used for laser ultrasonic detection and carrying out a friction stir module, the third main shaft 3 is used for carrying out high-speed dry milling and deformation monitoring, the processing platform 7 is accurately divided into an additive manufacturing area, an equal material manufacturing area, a material reduction manufacturing area and a laser ultrasonic detection area through fixed arrangement of specific positions of the four main shafts, the four main shafts move on two gantry beams along the length direction of a gantry upright post, the four main shafts can also move on the gantry beams along the length direction, and the four main shafts can simultaneously move along the vertical direction, so that the four main shafts can realize movement in three directions of XYZ under the control of a control system, the whole process of whole additive and subtractive composite manufacturing can be effectively completed, the processing precision of manufactured parts can be remarkably improved by adopting the structure of the double gantry machine tools, and the resonance influence of the equal material and the material reduction module can be avoided.
Specifically, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the synchronous powder device that send of laser includes laser instrument, laser head, send powder nozzle and powder feeder, be provided with the holding area between two longmen stands, the powder feeder sets up in the holding area, laser head and powder feeder nozzle set up the bottom at first main shaft and fourth main shaft, the laser instrument sets up on first main shaft and fourth main shaft, the laser instrument passes through the optic fibre and is connected with the laser head, the powder feeder nozzle is connected with powder feeder through the pipeline on the one hand, the powder feeder nozzle on the other hand still is connected with the protection gas cylinder, wherein, be the mixed gas of argon gas and helium in the protection gas cylinder.
In the embodiment, the first spindle 1 and the fourth spindle 4 are respectively provided with a laser synchronous powder feeding device and a temperature monitoring module, and the specific functions of the two spindles are to perform layer-by-layer deposition additive manufacturing on components which have completed three-dimensional modeling, layering slicing and path planning. The laser synchronous powder feeding device is provided with the powder feeding nozzle and the powder feeding device, stable feeding of powder materials can be achieved, the powder feeding device is arranged in a containing area of a double-gantry machine tool, the containing area is specifically arranged between two gantry upright posts and is used for containing various workpieces, the powder feeding device in the containing area can accurately inject the powder materials into a processing area through connection of a pipeline and the powder feeding nozzle, uniform distribution and continuous feeding of the materials are guaranteed, stability in a manufacturing process and control of product quality are facilitated, the laser synchronous powder feeding device is provided with a protective gas cylinder filled with mixed gas of argon and helium, the gas is used for forming a protective environment, the materials are prevented from being oxidized and polluted in the processing process, meanwhile, the bottoms of the laser head and the powder feeding nozzle are provided with protective gas, impurities can be effectively prevented from entering the processing area, and cleanliness of the processing environment is maintained; the laser is connected with the laser head through the optical fiber, so that the laser power can be accurately controlled, the range and depth of laser heating and material melting can be accurately controlled by combining the position adjustment of the powder feeding nozzle, and the required material control and manufacturing result can be achieved.
Further, the temperature monitoring module is also integrally arranged on the first main shaft 1 and the fourth main shaft 4, can move along with the main shafts along three directions of XYZ axes, and is used for monitoring and feeding back the temperature of the material-increasing molten pool, the temperature of the constant-material stirring friction and the cutting temperature of the material reduction in real time.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the laser ultrasonic detection module includes a laser ultrasonic detection probe and an ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system, the laser ultrasonic detection probe is disposed at the bottom of the second spindle 2, the ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system is disposed in the accommodation area of the double gantry machine tool, the ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system is connected with the laser ultrasonic detection probe, the stirring friction module is disposed on the second spindle 2, and the stirring friction module includes a high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device and a plurality of stirring heads of different types.
In this embodiment, the second spindle 2 is specifically configured to perform online detection, defect recognition and closed loop feedback on the workpiece after one or more layers of material addition according to a preset path planned by material addition, and the friction stir module is also integrated on the second spindle 2, and is specifically connected to the control system, and is capable of moving along three directions of XYZ axes, so as to perform friction stir modification processing on the online detected material addition workpiece. The laser ultrasonic detection module adopts a laser ultrasonic detection probe, so that non-contact detection and monitoring of materials in a processing area can be realized, the processing area is not influenced, the stability and reliability of a manufacturing process are kept, in addition, the laser ultrasonic detection module can realize three-dimensional imaging, the form and the surface condition of a processed member can be monitored in real time, possible defects and problems in the manufacturing process can be detected in time, and the consistency and the controllability of product quality are guaranteed; and the stirring head is matched with the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device, so that the materials can be mixed, enhanced and compounded, and the performance and quality of the product are improved.
Further, when the workpiece to be manufactured is made of metal with low melting point and low hardness, the stirring head is made of tool steel material, and the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device does not work; when the workpiece to be manufactured is made of metal with high melting point and high hardness, the stirring head is made of tungsten-rhenium alloy material and the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device works.
In the embodiment, the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device can select stirring heads with different materials and whether ultrasonic auxiliary is introduced according to the types and the stirring temperatures of stirring materials, specifically, for low-melting-point and low-hardness metals such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like, a stirring head with tool steel materials can be selected, and ultrasonic auxiliary is not needed; for high-melting point and high-hardness metals such as high-temperature alloy, high-strength steel and titanium alloy, a stirring head made of tungsten-rhenium alloy can be selected, and ultrasonic auxiliary stirring can be added at the moment. According to different characteristics of the workpiece to be manufactured, the manufacturing efficiency can be improved by selecting proper materials of the stirring head and the running state of the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device.
Specifically, the structure of the third spindle 3 provided by the application comprises a high-speed dry milling device and a deformation monitoring module, wherein the high-speed dry milling device is used for deleting defects such as air holes, unfused defects and cracks of a workpiece subjected to material increase detection processing and performing material reduction processing on the workpiece subjected to material increase processing, and comprises a cutter clamping device and a quick cutter changing device which are arranged at the lower end of the third spindle 3, as shown in fig. 1, an automatic cutter changing warehouse 8 is further arranged between two gantry upright posts and within a certain range of the bottom of the third spindle 3, and a control system selects proper cutters from the automatic cutter changing warehouse 8 according to the characteristics of processing materials to mount and dismount the lower end of the third spindle 3; the deformation monitoring module is also integrated on the third main shaft 3 and can move along three directions of XYZ axes along with the third main shaft 3, so as to monitor and feed back the deformation degree of the workpiece in the process of composite manufacturing of the materials with increased and decreased materials in real time.
Specifically, in the above-described embodiment, the processing table 7 is a swing table or a biaxial positioner rotary table.
In this embodiment, swing workstation and biax machine rotary worktable that shifts can both realize treating the multiaspect processing of machined part, can expand the machining scope, improve machining efficiency and processingquality to two kinds of workstations can shift fast according to the processing needs, accomplish multiple processing requirement, thereby improved the flexibility of manufacturing, further can reduce instrument swing and cutting force when cutting, thereby realize more steady cutting motion, improve cutting quality and result. Finally, under certain special processing scenes, the processing platform 7 can select to carry the swing workbench and the double-shaft positioner rotary workbench at the same time to carry out cooperative operation, thereby realizing automation and intellectualization of the manufacturing process, reducing the manufacturing period and the manufacturing cost and improving the production efficiency.
The connection relationship between the control system and the double gantry machine tool provided by the application is shown in fig. 2, specifically, the control system is specifically built with self-adaptive path planning software, hardware control software and on-line monitoring software, and the double gantry machine tool can be specifically divided into four systems, such as an additive system, specifically including a control unit, a laser and a powder feeding head; the plasma system specifically comprises an IO card, a servo motor and a stirring head; the material reduction system specifically comprises a numerical control system, a high-speed motorized spindle and a tool magazine; the monitoring system specifically comprises a molten pool monitor, a morphology monitor and a defect monitor; the hardware control software is respectively connected with the material adding system, the material waiting system, the material subtracting system and the monitoring system and used for controlling the work of each hardware, the self-adaptive path planning software is respectively connected with the material adding system, the material waiting system and the material subtracting system and used for controlling each mechanical part to work according to a preset path, and the on-line monitoring software is respectively connected with the material subtracting system and the monitoring system and used for completing the complete closed loop of on-line quality monitoring.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring and intelligently controlling quality of additive and subtractive composite manufacturing, which is applied to the above-mentioned additive and subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus, as shown in fig. 3, firstly, 3D printing is performed on a workpiece to be manufactured in a processing platform 7 to obtain a solid additive component, then, the first spindle 1 and the fourth spindle 4 are moved to a printing start point of the solid additive component, and the first spindle 1 and the fourth spindle 4 spray powder and emit high-energy laser to the solid additive component along a preset path, so as to deposit a multilayer workpiece of a preset shape, then, the second spindle 2 is controlled to move to a preset position, and the second spindle 2 scans and detects defects on the multilayer workpiece along the preset path to generate a defect detection result of the multilayer workpiece, and then, based on the defect detection result, composite repair operation is performed on the multilayer workpiece, where the composite repair operation includes additive compounding, additive compounding and additive and subtractive compounding, and finally, the composite repaired multilayer workpiece is processed by using the third spindle 3, so as to complete an overall printing process of the workpiece to be manufactured.
The method for monitoring and intelligently controlling the quality of the composite manufacturing of the equal-increase and decrease materials can quickly manufacture solid material-increase components, greatly reduce manufacturing time, improve production efficiency, realize multi-axis deposition of the solid material-increase components by moving the first main shaft 1 and the fourth main shaft 4, controlling the first main shaft 4 to spray powder and emit high-energy beam laser along a preset path, strengthen structural strength and compactness of the components, improve manufacturing quality, move the second main shaft 2, scan multi-layer workpieces and detect defects, timely find defects of the multi-layer workpieces, and pertinently implement composite repair operations based on detection results, including equal-increase and decrease material composition and equal-increase and decrease material composition, thereby improving quality of the workpieces and repairing the defects, and finally process the multi-layer workpieces subjected to composite repair by using the third main shaft 3, thereby further improving processing precision and surface quality and ensuring that final products meet requirements. The method obviously improves the detection rate of micro-size defects in the parts manufactured by alternately compounding the material increasing and reducing and multiple working procedures, realizes accurate positioning, efficient deletion and in-situ repair, obviously improves the performance consistency and service reliability of the parts manufactured by compounding, realizes the on-line quality monitoring of the whole working procedure, solves the problem that the defects of the parts manufactured by adding and reducing materials are difficult to eliminate, and ensures the product quality through the intelligent arrangement method and integrated closed-loop control of the materials increasing and reducing and the multiple working procedures.
Specifically, after the solid material-adding component is manufactured, the first main shaft 1 and the fourth main shaft 4 carrying the laser synchronous powder feeding device are respectively moved to the starting point position of workpiece printing through the control system, the pre-powder feeding and mixed protection gas of the laser synchronous powder feeding device are carried out through the control system, meanwhile, the laser is controlled to transmit high-energy beam laser to the laser head through the optical fiber, then the first main shaft 1 and the fourth main shaft 4 carrying the laser head and the powder feeding nozzle are controlled to spray metal powder on the processing platform 7 along a planned path through the movement in three directions of the XYZ axes of the double gantry machine tool, the preset shape is deposited on a substrate fixed by the processing platform 7 through the coupling effect of the high-energy laser beam and the metal powder, and a plurality of layers of workpieces with certain heights are formed after deposition.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the composite repair operation is performed on the multi-layer workpiece based on the defect detection result, including obtaining the defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that the multi-layer workpiece has a first type defect, and the size of the first type defect is greater than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 0.2mm, positioning the first type defect and performing the additive composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, where the first type defect includes an air hole and an unfused defect; the additive recombination operation includes: and moving the second main shaft 2 to the positioned first type defect, and repairing the first type defect in situ by using the second main shaft 2.
In this embodiment, the second spindle 2 is moved to the located first type defect, and the second spindle 2 is used to repair the first type defect in situ, so that the defect can be accurately located and repair operation can be performed pertinently, thereby effectively reducing the influence of air holes and unfused defects in the workpiece, and the number of air holes appearing at the moment is a small number of air holes. The material adding and compounding means that the same material as surrounding materials is added at the defect part, the defect part is filled, the material at the defect part can be supplemented and reinforced by adding the material, the local strength and compactness of the workpiece are improved, and the air holes and unfused defects can be effectively filled and repaired, so that the quality of the workpiece is improved, the strength, toughness and durability of the workpiece can be enhanced by repairing the defect, and the rejection rate is reduced.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the composite repair operation is performed on the multi-layer workpiece based on the defect detection result, including obtaining the defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that the multi-layer workpiece has a second type defect, and the size of the second type defect is greater than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 0.5mm, positioning the second type defect and performing the material increase/decrease composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, where the second type defect includes a void, an unfused defect, and a crack; the composite operation of the material adding and reducing comprises the following steps: and moving the third main shaft 3 to the second defect after positioning, and performing dry milling treatment on the second type defect by using the third main shaft 3 so as to delete the second type defect.
In this embodiment, the third spindle 3 is moved to the second type defect after positioning, and the third spindle 3 is used to perform dry milling treatment on the second type defect, so as to delete the second type defect, and the second type defect is positioned and removed, so that the overall quality and reliability of the workpiece are improved. The material increasing and decreasing composite operation can treat second type defects such as air holes, unfused defects and cracks, the defects can be removed and the integrity of the workpiece can be recovered through dry milling treatment of the defect positions, so that the defects are recovered and the quality of the workpiece is improved, the reliability and strength of the workpiece after the defects are deleted can be greatly improved through the material increasing and decreasing composite operation, the integrity and structural consistency of the workpiece can be recovered through the repairing operation, and the stability of the workpiece in use is improved.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the composite repair operation is performed on the multi-layer workpiece based on the defect detection result, including obtaining the defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that the multi-layer workpiece has a third type of defect, and the size of the third type of defect is greater than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 0.8mm, positioning the third defect and performing the composite operation of adding and subtracting materials to the multi-layer workpiece, where the third type of defect includes dense pores, unfused defects and cracks; the material adding and subtracting compound operation comprises the steps of firstly positioning the third type of defect, determining the stirring pin hole of the third type of defect, moving the second main shaft 2 to the stirring pin hole, carrying out compound stirring friction treatment on the multi-layer workpiece, then moving the third main shaft 3 to the stirring pin hole, and carrying out dry milling treatment on the stirring pin hole and the flash after stirring friction by utilizing the third main shaft 3 so as to delete and repair the third type of defect in situ.
In this embodiment, by positioning the third type defect to determine the stirring pin hole to be subjected to the stirring friction treatment, moving the second spindle 2 to the stirring pin hole, performing the multiple stirring friction treatment on the multi-layer workpiece, then moving the third spindle 3 to the stirring pin hole, and performing the dry milling treatment on the stirring pin hole and the flash after stirring friction by using the third spindle 3, the deletion and in-situ repair of the third type defect are realized, and the difference between the third type defect and the second type defect is that the air holes in the third type defect are dense air holes, and the number of the air holes is larger than that in the second type defect. The composite operation of adding and subtracting materials can combine the composite repair with the in-situ repair, repair different types of defects, eliminate air holes and unfused defects through the double stirring friction treatment, and remove defects such as cracks through the dry milling treatment, thereby repairing the workpiece in a composite manner and recovering the integrity of the workpiece. The third type defects such as dense pores, unfused defects, cracks and the like can be effectively repaired through the material increasing and reducing composite operation, the overall strength and quality of the workpiece are improved, the repaired workpiece has better mechanical property and structural consistency, and the negative influence of the defects on the workpiece performance is reduced.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, 3D printing is performed on the workpiece to be manufactured in the processing platform 7 to obtain the solid additive component, which includes first introducing a three-dimensional data model of the workpiece to be manufactured into a control system, then performing, based on the three-dimensional data model, bottom-to-top adaptive layering slicing processing and deposition area division on the workpiece to be manufactured on the processing platform 7 by using the control system, and manufacturing the solid additive component by using a material layer-by-layer layering mode.
In this embodiment, the manufacturing precision of the 3D printing process is higher through the adaptive layering slicing process and the deposition area division, where the adaptive layering slicing process and the deposition area division can ensure the manufacturing quality of each layer, avoid the problem of low manufacturing precision, manufacture the solid additive component in a manner of stacking materials layer by layer, accurately control the morphology and the internal structure of each layer, and further manufacture the complex geometric component, and maintain the fine structure and precision of the complex geometric component.
The invention provides an equal-increase and decrease material composite manufacturing quality monitoring and intelligent control method, which comprises the following specific processes:
firstly, three-dimensional model data of a workpiece to be manufactured, which is drawn by Solidworks software, are input into a control system, self-adaptive layering slicing processing and dynamic path planning are carried out on a part model from bottom to top, and then layer-by-layer deposition type additive manufacturing is carried out on the workpiece to be manufactured, so that a solid additive component is obtained. The first main shaft 1 and the fourth main shaft 4 carrying the laser synchronous powder feeding device and the temperature monitoring module are respectively moved to two ends of a processing workbench through an input instruction of a control system, namely, the starting point position of printing a workpiece to be manufactured, the laser synchronous powder feeding device and a protective gas control valve are started to perform powder pre-feeding and gas protection, and when the oxygen content detector shows that the oxygen content is less than or equal to 10ppm, the laser is started to transmit high-energy laser to the laser head through an optical fiber.
Then, through the movement of the first gantry beam 5 and the second gantry beam 6 in three directions of XYZ axes, the first spindle 1 and the fourth spindle 4 carrying the laser synchronous powder feeding device and the temperature monitoring module are controlled to spray metal powder above the metal substrate of the processing platform 7 along a preset planned path, a preset shape is deposited according to model data, and a multilayer workpiece with a certain height is obtained after a plurality of depositions.
After finishing N layers (N=1, 2, 3, 4, 5 … N) of the workpiece to deposit the additive, starting a laser ultrasonic detection module of a second main shaft 2 through a control system, controlling the second main shaft 2 carrying an ultrasonic detection probe to move to a printing starting point position, scanning along an additive path, finishing online nondestructive detection of a deposited part, finishing identification of defect signals of a deposited area, feature extraction and visual presentation on a control computer, and realizing online detection and closed loop feedback of the additive part.
When the detection result shows that the third type of defects such as dense air holes, unfused defects and cracks exist, and the defect size is smaller than or equal to 0.8 and mm and is larger than or equal to 0.5mm, the second main shaft 2 of the friction stir module is started to move to the defect position where positioning is completed, and reciprocating friction stir modification treatment is carried out; then the third main shaft 3 carrying the high-speed dry milling device is started to move to the positions of the flash, the defect and the stirring pin hole which are subjected to stirring friction modification, milling processing is carried out, high-precision deletion and in-situ repair of the defect are realized, and the processing precision of the workpiece process is improved;
and then according to physical parameters such as the material of the printed workpiece, the processing temperature, the strength, the hardness and the like, stirring heads and cutting tools made of different materials are selected in the automatic tool changing warehouse 8, and the material adding, detecting, waiting, material reducing and multi-working-procedure combined processing are carried out for a plurality of times, so that the manufacturing of the solid workpiece is finally completed.
The application process of other functional modules of each spindle is as follows for different processing stages: the temperature monitoring module on the first spindle 1 and the deformation monitoring device on the third spindle 3 are used for monitoring the temperature and the deformation of the parts in real time, after the machining is finished, the control system controls the clamping devices at the lower ends of the second spindle 2 and the third spindle 3 to respectively put back the stirring head and the cutting tool into the automatic tool changing tool library, the first gantry beam 5 and the second gantry beam 6 return to the initial positions at the two ends of the supporting structures of the first gantry column 9 and the second gantry column 10, and the online quality monitoring and the intelligent control of the full process flow of the material increasing and reducing composite manufacturing component are finished.
The technical principles of realizing on-line detection, closed loop feedback and in-situ repair in the application are shown in fig. 4, firstly, a database system is arranged in a control system of the application, and the control system specifically comprises two types of laser parameter-material type-ultrasonic characteristic signal databases, and the other type of defect characteristic parameter-ultrasonic characteristic parameter association databases, wherein a database which is cooperatively associated with manufacturing process-material type-defect characteristic-characteristic signal data is generated by combining the two types of databases, and according to the database, an intelligent learning method is used for generating defect characteristic judgment standards and methods, an on-line diagnosis and feedback system is established, and the specific intelligent learning method comprises one or more of a neural network learning method, database system learning, information extraction and learning and criterion learning. Performing defect characteristic signal data processing and imaging display, namely performing pretreatment on acquired data, wherein the specific method comprises normalization, trending item removal and filtering, correcting the wave velocity of an ultrasonic signal, performing characteristic enhancement of an ultrasonic A-scan signal, reconstructing the A-scan data to obtain B-scan and C-scan images, performing automatic path process adjustment and correction strategies, combining the additive defect characteristics and online laser ultrasonic detection after the automatic path process adjustment and correction strategies are generated, determining defect information, namely the position, size and quantity of defects, judging the size, quantity and allowable value of the defects, performing repair process, namely material reduction or remelting when the size and quantity of the defects exceed the allowable value, acquiring the defect information again to form closed loop feedback, performing process adjustment, deleting the defects, and finally realizing in-situ accurate repair of the defects; and when the size and the number of the defects do not exceed allowable values, optimizing the process parameters, executing the next process, carrying out ultrasonic stirring, carrying out synchronous rolling, and finally carrying out dry milling to realize the in-situ accurate repair of the defects.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. An additive and subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus comprising: the double-gantry machine tool comprises two gantry upright posts, a first gantry beam, a second gantry beam, a first main shaft, a second main shaft, a third main shaft, a fourth main shaft and a processing platform which are oppositely arranged;
the first gantry beam and the second gantry beam are oppositely arranged, and the first gantry beam and the second gantry beam are both in sliding connection with the top surfaces of the two gantry upright posts;
the first main shaft and the second main shaft are both in sliding connection with the first gantry beam, the third main shaft and the fourth main shaft are both in sliding connection with the second gantry beam, and the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft are close to the same gantry column, wherein the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft are both provided with a laser synchronous powder feeding device and a temperature monitoring module, the second main shaft is provided with a laser ultrasonic detection module and a friction stir module, and the third main shaft is provided with a high-speed dry milling device and a deformation monitoring module;
A processing platform is arranged between the two gantry upright posts and is used for placing a workpiece to be manufactured;
the control system is connected with the double gantry machine tool and is used for controlling the first main shaft, the second main shaft, the third main shaft and the fourth main shaft to work based on preset instructions so as to perform composite manufacturing of adding, waiting and subtracting materials on the workpiece to be manufactured.
2. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus of claim 1 wherein said laser synchronous powder feed apparatus comprises a laser, a laser head, a powder feed nozzle, and a powder feed;
a containing area is arranged between the two gantry upright posts, and the powder feeder is arranged in the containing area;
the laser head and the powder feeding nozzle are arranged at the bottoms of the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft, and the laser is arranged on the first main shaft and the fourth main shaft;
the laser is connected with the laser head through an optical fiber;
the powder feeding nozzle is connected with the powder feeder through a pipeline on one hand, and is also connected with the protection gas cylinder on the other hand, wherein the protection gas cylinder is internally provided with a mixed gas of argon and helium.
3. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus of claim 1 in which,
the laser ultrasonic detection module comprises a laser ultrasonic detection probe and an ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system, the laser ultrasonic detection probe is arranged at the bottom of the second main shaft, the ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system is arranged in a containing area of the double gantry machine tool, and the ultrasonic signal receiving and processing system is connected with the laser ultrasonic detection probe;
the friction stir module is arranged on the second main shaft and comprises a high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device and a plurality of stirring heads of different types.
4. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus of claim 3,
when the workpiece to be manufactured is made of low-melting-point low-hardness metal, the stirring head is made of tool steel material, and the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device does not work;
when the workpiece to be manufactured is made of metal with high melting point and high hardness, the stirring head is made of tungsten-rhenium alloy material and the high-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device works.
5. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus of claim 1 in which,
the processing platform is a swinging workbench or a rotating workbench of a double-shaft positioner.
6. An incremental and subtractive composite manufacturing quality monitoring and intelligent control method for use in an incremental and subtractive composite manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:
3D printing is carried out on the workpiece to be manufactured in the processing platform, so that a solid additive component is obtained;
moving the first spindle and the fourth spindle to a printing starting point of the solid additive component, and enabling the first spindle and the fourth spindle to spray powder on the solid additive component along a preset path and emit high-energy laser so as to deposit a multilayer workpiece with a preset shape;
moving the second main shaft to a preset position, and enabling the second main shaft to scan and detect defects of the multilayer workpiece along the preset path to generate a defect detection result of the multilayer workpiece;
performing composite repair operation on the multilayer workpiece based on the defect detection result, wherein the composite repair operation comprises additive material compounding, additive material increasing and decreasing compounding and additive material decreasing compounding;
and processing the multi-layer workpiece subjected to composite repair by using the third main shaft, so as to complete the whole printing process of the workpiece to be manufactured.
7. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing quality monitoring and intelligent control method of claim 6, wherein said performing a composite repair operation on said multi-layered workpiece based on said defect detection result comprises:
obtaining a defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that a first type defect exists in the multi-layer workpiece, and the size of the first type defect is more than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 0.2mm, positioning the first type defect and performing additive-composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, wherein the first type defect comprises pores and unfused defects;
the additive compounding operation includes: and moving the second main shaft to the positioned first type defect, and performing in-situ repair on the first type defect by using the second main shaft.
8. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing quality monitoring and intelligent control method of claim 6, wherein said performing a composite repair operation on said multi-layered workpiece based on said defect detection result comprises:
obtaining a defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that a second type of defect exists in the multi-layer workpiece, and the size of the second type of defect is more than or equal to 0.2mm and is less than or equal to 0.5mm, positioning the second type of defect and performing material increasing and decreasing composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, wherein the second type of defect comprises air holes, unfused defects and cracks;
The material increasing and decreasing compound operation comprises the following steps: and moving the third main shaft to the positioned second type defect, and performing dry milling treatment on the second type defect by using the third main shaft so as to delete the second type defect.
9. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing quality monitoring and intelligent control method of claim 6, wherein said performing a composite repair operation on said multi-layered workpiece based on said defect detection result comprises:
obtaining a defect detection result, and when the defect detection result indicates that a third type of defect exists in the multi-layer workpiece, and the size of the third type of defect is more than or equal to 0.5mm and is less than or equal to 0.8mm, positioning the third type of defect and performing equal-increasing and material-decreasing composite operation on the multi-layer workpiece, wherein the third type of defect comprises dense air holes, unfused defects and cracks;
the additive and subtractive composite operation includes: positioning the third type of defects, determining the positions of stirring pinholes of the third type of defects, moving the second main shaft to the positions of the stirring pinholes, and carrying out compound stirring friction treatment on the multi-layer workpiece;
And moving the third main shaft to the stirring pin hole, and performing dry milling treatment on the stirring pin hole and the friction-stir-stirred flash by using the third main shaft so as to delete and repair the third type of defects in situ.
10. The method for monitoring and intelligently controlling the quality of additive and subtractive composite manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein the 3D printing of the workpiece to be manufactured in the processing platform to obtain the solid additive component comprises:
importing the three-dimensional data model of the workpiece to be manufactured into the control system;
and based on the three-dimensional data model, performing self-adaptive layering slicing treatment and deposition area division on the workpiece to be manufactured on the processing platform from bottom to top by utilizing the control system, and manufacturing the solid additive component in a material layer-by-layer lamination mode.
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