CN117399782A - Method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy - Google Patents
Method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117399782A CN117399782A CN202311368196.5A CN202311368196A CN117399782A CN 117399782 A CN117399782 A CN 117399782A CN 202311368196 A CN202311368196 A CN 202311368196A CN 117399782 A CN117399782 A CN 117399782A
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- superalloy
- nickel
- based superalloy
- wobble
- coating
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910004349 Ti-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910004692 Ti—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910004337 Ti-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910011209 Ti—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 Ti-Ni metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000816 inconels 718 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000353097 Molva molva Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001068 laves phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0093—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring combined with mechanical machining or metal-working covered by other subclasses than B23K
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based alloy, which utilizes the characteristics that cold spraying technology materials are not melted and phase change is not generated, adopts nickel-based superalloy as spraying material to be sprayed to Ti-Al superalloy, cuts off metallurgical reaction between heterogeneous materials, and effectively prevents Ti-Ni metal compounds from being generated. In addition, by utilizing the advantages of high controllability and high cooling speed of a laser welding heat source, the swinging laser is used for welding the cold nickel-based superalloy spray coating and the nickel-based alloy base metal, so that the segregation of Mo and Nb in the nickel-based alloy caused by high temperature is reduced, grains are refined, the pores of the nickel-based alloy coating are reduced, and the connection of the heterogeneous alloy is finally realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dissimilar material laser welding, and provides a method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy.
Technical Field
The need for lightweight composite components in the aerospace field is now increasing. The low-density Ti-Al superalloy has both the high-temperature performance of ceramics and the toughness of metals, and is an ideal lightweight material which is not available in the manufacture of aerospace equipment. The nickel-based superalloy is widely applied to aerospace high-temperature end parts due to excellent high-temperature resistance, wear resistance and good oxidation resistance, and is a basic material for manufacturing aerospace equipment. In order to meet the weight reduction requirement of the aerospace composite structure, the connection of the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy is difficult to avoid.
The nickel-based superalloy and the Ti-Al superalloy are easy to generate Ti-Ni intermetallic compounds in the welding process, so that the welding joint strength of the nickel-based superalloy and the Ti-Al superalloy is greatly weakened. Therefore, how to achieve welding of dissimilar metal pieces and avoid the generation of brittle phases in the weld zone is critical to achieving a dissimilar weld piece.
The cold spraying technology adopts preheated high-pressure gas to accelerate solid metal particles through the Laval nozzle, then collides with the matrix to generate severe plastic deformation and combine with the matrix, the metal particles are not melted, the material is not transformed, and the welding transition property is good. The cold spraying transition process can avoid metallurgical phase change in the welding seam, prevent the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds in the welding seam, and ensure that the microstructure in the welding seam has good high temperature resistance.
Compared with Ti-Al superalloy, the nickel-based superalloy has more excellent welding metallurgies, but microscopic segregation is easy to occur in the welding process of the nickel-based superalloy due to solidification of elements with large atomic radius such as Nb, mo and the like, so that a brittle Laves phase is separated out, and liquid phase cracks are easy to occur in severe cases, so that swing laser welding with strong adaptability and high heat source controllability is one of the most potential connection processes for realizing heterogeneous connection of the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy, which can realize heterogeneous metal connection, and uses a nickel-based superalloy coating as a transition material for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy, thereby effectively preventing generation of Ti-Ni intermetallic compounds and improving quality and performance of a welded joint.
In order to obtain the method for heterogeneous connection of the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: polishing, cleaning and drying a region to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy to ensure that the region is free of a metal oxide film, greasy dirt and moisture;
step 2: polishing the surface of the Ti-Al superalloy, then carrying out sand blasting treatment, improving the bonding strength of the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy coating, and drying nickel-based superalloy powder;
step 3: cold spraying nickel-base superalloy powder onto the end face of Ti-Al superalloy, wherein the thickness of a cold spraying layer is 3-4 mm;
step 4: and aligning the side of the Ti-Al superalloy sprayed with the coating with the polished side of the nickel-based superalloy, clamping by using a clamp, and swinging and advancing the laser along a butt joint line to partially melt the Ti-Al alloy sprayed coating to form connection with the nickel-based superalloy.
Further, the thickness difference between the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy in the step 1 is not more than 1mm, the Ti-Al superalloy is various commercially available Ti-Al superalloys, and the nickel-based superalloy is various commercially available nickel-based superalloys.
Further, the sand blasting treatment drying condition in the step 2 is vacuum drying, and the time is 0.5-2 h.
Further, the cold spraying in the step 3 takes He gas as working gas, spherical nickel-based superalloy powder is selected, the particle size of the powder is 10-45 mu m, and the cold spraying layer is flush with or exceeds 0-0.5 mm of the Ti-Al superalloy end surface, so that the spraying end surface is completely covered.
Further, the laser in the step 4 is a swinging laser, the step swing pattern includes, but is not limited to, "≡shaped swing", "8 shaped swing", vertical swing, circular swing, and horizontal swing.
Furthermore, the swing range of the laser in the step 4 does not exceed the thickness of the coating, so that the Ti-Al superalloy is melted, single-sided welding and double-sided forming are performed, and the whole welding process adopts inert gas to protect the welding seam area and the nearby area within a wide range of 10-20 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the effective connection of heterogeneous metals is realized, good welding interface and excellent mechanical property are obtained, and good welding reliability is achieved.
2. The cold spraying material is not melted and does not generate phase change, and the nickel-based superalloy cold spraying layer is used as an intermediate layer to separate the Ti-Al superalloy from the nickel-based superalloy, so that the metallurgical reaction between heterogeneous superalloys is effectively avoided to form intermetallic compounds, and meanwhile, the high-temperature tissue structures of the two base materials are reserved.
3. And optimizing the microstructure of the heterogeneous high-temperature alloy weld joint by using swinging laser, and inhibiting the pore defect of cold spraying, so as to realize the high-quality welding formation of the heterogeneous high-temperature alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Ti-Al superalloy Leng Pentu nickel-base superalloy.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cold spray composite swing laser weld of a heterogeneous superalloy.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the following specific embodiments.
The welding object of the present embodiment is a ti—al superalloy and a nickel-based superalloy, wherein: the Ti-Al superalloy adopts Ti 2 And (3) an AlNb plate, which has the following dimensions: length x width x thickness = 100 x 3mm, mass fraction of chemical components: nb:38.2; al:11.4; o:0.067; n:0.017; h:0.003; ti: the balance;
the nickel-based superalloy adopts an Inconel718 plate, and the size is as follows: length x width x thickness = 100 x 3mm, mass fraction of chemical components: fe:18.8; cr:17.7; nb:3.6; ta:0.7; mo:2.2; ti:0.97; al:0.5; co:0.02; c:0.08; ni: the balance;
the cold spraying nickel-based superalloy powder is selected from Inconel718 powder, the chemical components of the powder are consistent with those of Inconel718 nickel-based superalloy plates, the particle size of the Inconel718 powder is 10-45 mu m, and the average particle size is 23 mu m;
a method for heterogeneous connection of a Ti-Al superalloy and a nickel-based superalloy, comprising the steps of:
sequentially polishing a to-be-welded area of the Inconel718 substrate by using 800-mesh, 1500-mesh and 2000-mesh sand paper, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution, and drying by using a blower to blow down with cold air, so that the area is ensured to be free of metal oxide films, greasy dirt and moisture;
200 mesh sandpaper for Ti 2 Polishing an AlNb matrix to remove surface burrs, then performing sand blasting on the surface for 12 minutes under the condition of 0.8MPa (during sand blasting, the adopted shot blasting is white corundum with the particle size of 85 meshes), cleaning the substrate after sand blasting in an ultrasonic cleaning instrument for 2 minutes at the temperature of 25 ℃, removing fine stains on the surface, drying by using a vacuum drying oven, drying for 1 hour at the temperature of 100 ℃, and fixing a prepared Ti2AlNb matrix sample in front of a spraying table by using a clamp;
placing the raw materials of the cold spray coating Inconel718 powder in a vacuum drying oven, drying for 1h at 100 ℃, reducing the influence of moisture on the powder, and simultaneously increasing the fluidity of the powder;
adopting CGT-Kinetiks4000 type cold spraying equipment, setting cold spraying technological parameters, wherein the pressure of propelling gas is 3MPa, the temperature of the propelling gas is 950 ℃, the spraying distance is 30mm, the powder feeding rate is 100g/min, and spraying an Inconel718 coating with the thickness of 3mm on one end of a Ti2AlNb matrix, wherein the coating completely covers the end face;
the side of the Ti2AlNb substrate, on which the Inconel718 coating is sprayed, and the polished side of the Inconel718 substrate are butted and placed on a welding workbench, and are clamped and fixed by using a clamp;
welding by using a YLS-3000 optical fiber laser processing system, adjusting the inclination angle of a laser to be 5 degrees so as to prevent reflection from damaging an optical device, and setting the technological parameters as follows: the power=2250w, welding speed=25 mm/s, defocus= -1mm, during welding, the front and back sides of the workpiece to be welded are isolated from air by argon with purity of 99.99%, the flow of shielding gas is 12L/min, circular oscillation laser is adopted, oscillation amplitude is 0.5mm, and oscillation frequency=100 Hz.
After the welding is completed, the welding fixture is loosened to realize Ti 2 The AlNb superalloy is connected with the Inconel718 nickel-based superalloy in a high quality.
According to the invention, the nickel-based superalloy cold spray coating is used as a welding interlayer of the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy, and the metallurgical reaction of the Ti element in the Ti-Al superalloy and the Ni element in the nickel-based superalloy is utilized by utilizing the characteristic that the materials do not generate phase change in the cold spray coating process, so that the generation of a Ti-Ni brittle intermetallic compound is avoided, and the connection strength of the two materials can be effectively improved. In addition, by utilizing the advantages of high precision of a laser heat source and high cooling speed, the segregation of Nb and Mo elements can be reduced, the flow state of a molten pool can be improved and grains can be refined by the stirring action of the molten pool generated after the swinging laser is added, and meanwhile, the pore defects in a cold spraying layer are reduced, so that the bonding strength of materials is further improved.
The above embodiments are merely specific examples for further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent replacement, modification, etc. made within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: polishing, cleaning and drying a region to be welded of the nickel-based superalloy to ensure that the region is free of a metal oxide film, greasy dirt and moisture;
step 2: polishing the surface of the Ti-Al superalloy, then carrying out sand blasting treatment, improving the bonding strength of the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy coating, and drying nickel-based superalloy powder;
step 3: cold spraying nickel-base superalloy powder onto the end face of Ti-Al superalloy, wherein the thickness of a cold spraying layer is 3-4 mm;
step 4: and aligning the side of the Ti-Al superalloy sprayed with the coating with the polished side of the nickel-based superalloy, clamping by using a clamp, and swinging and advancing the laser along a butt joint line to partially melt the Ti-Al alloy sprayed coating to form connection with the nickel-based superalloy.
2. A method of heterojunction a Ti-Al superalloy with a nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness difference between the Ti-Al superalloy and the nickel-based superalloy in the step 1 is not more than 1mm, the Ti-Al superalloy is various commercially available Ti-Al superalloys, and the nickel-based superalloy is various commercially available nickel-based superalloys.
3. A method of heterojunction a Ti-Al superalloy with a nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 2, performing vacuum drying under the sand blasting treatment drying condition, wherein the time is 0.5-2 h.
4. A method of heterojunction a Ti-Al superalloy with a nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 3, taking He as working gas, selecting spherical nickel-based superalloy powder, wherein the particle size of the powder is 10-45 mu m, and enabling the cold spray coating to be flush with or exceed 0-0.5 mm of the Ti-Al superalloy end surface to completely cover the spray end surface.
5. A method of heterojunction a Ti-Al superalloy with a nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laser described in step 4 is a wobble laser, and the wobble pattern includes, but is not limited to "+_shaped wobble", "8-shaped wobble", vertical wobble, circular wobble, and horizontal wobble.
6. A method of heterojunction a Ti-Al superalloy with a nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 4, the swing range of the laser does not exceed the coating to cause the melting of the Ti-Al high-temperature alloy, single-sided welding and double-sided forming are carried out, and inert gas is adopted to protect the welding seam area and the nearby area within a wide range of 10-20 mm in the whole welding process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311368196.5A CN117399782A (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311368196.5A CN117399782A (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117399782A true CN117399782A (en) | 2024-01-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311368196.5A Pending CN117399782A (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Method for heterogeneous connection of Ti-Al superalloy and nickel-based superalloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117399782A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-10-20 CN CN202311368196.5A patent/CN117399782A/en active Pending
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