CN117387533B - Horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring device and method - Google Patents
Horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117387533B CN117387533B CN202311579425.8A CN202311579425A CN117387533B CN 117387533 B CN117387533 B CN 117387533B CN 202311579425 A CN202311579425 A CN 202311579425A CN 117387533 B CN117387533 B CN 117387533B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B13/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids
- G01B13/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
- G01C5/04—Hydrostatic levelling, i.e. by flexibly interconnected liquid containers at separated points
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring device and a method, wherein the device comprises a horizontal inclinometer pipe arranged in a horizontal pipe curtain in soil, a buried differential pressure static level gauge arranged at one end of the horizontal inclinometer pipe, a measuring device arranged at the other end of the horizontal inclinometer pipe and a guiding device for auxiliary measurement; the method comprises the following steps: 1. embedding a horizontal inclinometer pipe in the horizontal pipe curtain; 2. embedding an embedded differential pressure static level; 3. installing a reference station of a static level; 4. assembling the measuring device; 5. acquiring deformation data of the horizontal pipe curtain; 6. and (6) processing horizontal pipe curtain deformation data. The invention realizes that the force for pulling the horizontal measuring head is kept constant when the horizontal inclinometer tube in the horizontal tube curtain is measured, so as to ensure the data stability in the reading process, improve the measuring efficiency and reduce the measuring error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deformation measurement, and particularly relates to a horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device and method.
Background
Along with the gradual dense of urban central area rail transit networks, engineering activities such as tunnel construction, building construction and the like are frequently encountered above the existing subway tunnel, and the unloading or loading generated by the engineering activities can cause dynamic changes of a stress field and a displacement field of rock soil around the subway, so that vertical deformation and additional internal force are generated on the existing subway tunnel structure below, and even the tunnel structure is damaged when serious, thereby influencing the safety and normal use of the existing subway tunnel. In order to reduce the influence of the upper engineering activity on the existing tunnel, the engineering is provided with a vertical isolation pile which is constructed along the outer side of the tunnel, a horizontal pipe curtain is constructed along the vertical direction of the tunnel, the isolation pile and the pipe curtain are connected to form a closed isolation structure, namely, the subway tunnel is isolated from a newly constructed (constructed) building on the upper part of the subway tunnel, and then the engineering activity on the upper part of the tunnel is carried out, so that the interaction between the subway tunnel and the building is avoided, and the safety of the existing subway tunnel is protected.
The pipe curtain is constructed by adopting a spiral unearthed steel pipe follow-up process. The steel pipe is used as a sleeve, and a spiral drill rod with a special drill bit is arranged inside the sleeve. The pipe curtain machine provides the rotation power of the spiral drill pipe and the jacking force of the sleeve. When the pipe curtain machine is jacked in, the spiral drill rod transmits the drilling pressure and torque to the drill bit to cut the soil layer, and drill slag is spirally discharged out of the orifice pipe from the inside of the pipe. And jacking, cutting and deslagging, jacking the steel pipes forward section by section, and pouring concrete into the steel pipes to form a permanent isolation structure after the steel pipes are pushed in place. The horizontal pipe curtain is used as a protection structure of the lower existing subway tunnel in the vertical direction, and the deflection deformation condition of the horizontal pipe curtain can reflect the protection effect of the isolation structure on the existing subway structure. In the past, when the engineering activity is carried out on the upper part of the existing subway tunnel, the existing subway tunnel structure is directly monitored, however, as the subway continuously runs in daytime and cannot be observed, the observation can only be carried out after the subway stops at night, the construction on the upper part of the tunnel is completed, the time lag exists, and the safety of the tunnel is difficult to evaluate in time. Therefore, the engineering is more required to monitor the deflection deformation condition of the pipe curtain in time in the construction process, so that the problem of subway tunnel is avoided, but the measuring device and the measuring method for horizontal pipe curtain deformation are lacking at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring device aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device which characterized in that: the device comprises a horizontal inclinometer pipe arranged in a horizontal pipe curtain of the soil body, an embedded differential pressure static level gauge arranged at one end of the horizontal inclinometer pipe, a measuring device arranged at the other end of the horizontal inclinometer pipe and a guiding device for auxiliary measurement;
The measuring device comprises a wire collecting device for pulling and recovering the steel wire rope, a transmission mechanism for transmitting force to the steel wire rope and a fixing mechanism for fixing the wire collecting device and the transmission mechanism; the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing frame and a double-layer bottom plate; the double-layer bottom plate comprises an upper bottom plate, a lower bottom plate and two sliding rails which are used for connecting the upper bottom plate and the lower bottom plate and are arranged in parallel, a hard rubber pad is arranged on the lower bottom plate, and the bottom of the adjusting bolt penetrates through the upper bottom plate and is pressed on the top of the hard rubber pad; the fixing frame comprises a horizontal cross beam and a plurality of vertical rods, and the bottoms of the vertical rods are fixedly connected with the upper bottom plate through fixing bases;
The transmission mechanism comprises an adjustable fixed pulley, a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley and a counterweight pulley for transmitting constant counterweight load to the steel wire rope, and the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are fixed at the bottom of the horizontal beam through bolts; the adjustable fixed pulley is fixed on the U-shaped fixed plate through an adjusting bolt, the opening of the U-shaped fixed plate faces downwards, and sliding grooves are formed in the two side walls of the U-shaped fixed plate; the counterweight pulley comprises a movable pulley, two sides of the movable pulley are connected with double-row pulleys sliding along the inside of the fixed guide groove, and the bottoms of the U-shaped fixed plate and the fixed guide groove are fixed at the top of the upper bottom plate through a fixed base; the balance weight frames are fixed on two sides of the movable pulley, the balance weight platforms are fixed at the bottoms of the seed matching frames through the connecting rods, and balancing weights used for adaptively measuring different weights of horizontal inclinometer pipes of different lengths are placed on the balance weight platforms.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the sliding rail comprises an inner fixed rail connected with the bottom of the upper bottom plate and an outer fixed rail connected with the top of the lower bottom plate, fine steel balls for reducing friction force when the outer fixed rail and the inner fixed rail do relative motion are contained in the middle of the inner fixed rail and the outer fixed rail, an upper limiting block 21-4 and a lower limiting block 21-5 are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the inner fixed rail, an upper limiting block is arranged at two ends of the bottom of the inner fixed rail, and a lower limiting block is arranged at two ends of the outer fixed rail and used for limiting the sliding range of the upper bottom plate.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the bottom of the lower bottom plate is provided with a plurality of supporting legs, the supporting legs are fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower bottom plate through a fixed base, and the supporting legs are provided with adjusting bolts for adjusting the height; the bottom of the supporting leg is of a conical tip structure and is used for penetrating into the ground to fix the measuring device.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the winding device comprises a rotating drum and a rotating handle, wherein the rotating handle is fixed on a rotating shaft of the rotating drum and is connected into a whole, the rotating shaft is limited on a vertical upright rod through a fixing clamp, the fixing clamp limits the rotating shaft of the rotating drum through a stiffening bolt, a plurality of jacks are formed in the side wall of the rotating drum, and after a horizontal measuring head reaches a preset position, the rotating drum is stopped at the fixed position by inserting a inserting rod into the corresponding jack, so that the rotating drum is prevented from rotating.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the guide device comprises a cable centering device and a steel wire rope steering device, wherein the cable centering device is fixed at the end head of the horizontal inclinometer at one side of the data acquisition device and is used for fixing a cable of the data acquisition device and ensuring that the cable is kept centered in the horizontal inclinometer, and the data acquisition device is connected with a horizontal measuring head of the horizontal inclinometer through the cable; the steel wire rope direction regulator is fixed at the end head of the horizontal inclinometer pipe at one side of the measuring device, which pulls the steel wire rope.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the cable is provided with a wire section at intervals of 0.5m, the wire section is of a plastic cylinder bulge structure, and the diameter of the wire section is larger than that of the cable;
The cable centering device comprises a pipe orifice clamping piece and a fixing arm, wherein a through hole is formed in one end, close to the data acquisition instrument, of the pipe orifice clamping piece, the diameter of the through hole is between the diameter of a cable and the diameter of a wire section, and the fixing arm is connected with the horizontal inclinometer through a first fixing bolt.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the steel wire rope steering device comprises a pipe orifice sleeve and a fixed rod arranged at one end of the pipe orifice sleeve and used for installing a steering pulley, a level bubble is arranged on the pipe orifice sleeve, the other end of the pipe orifice sleeve is connected with the horizontal inclinometer pipe through a second fixed bolt, the angle of the steering pulley is adjusted by the fixed rod through a fixed pin, and then the direction of the steel wire rope is adjusted and the steel wire rope is kept centered in the horizontal inclinometer pipe;
The fixed pin comprises a pin sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the fixed rod and a pressing head arranged on the pin sleeve, one end of the pressing head extending into the pin sleeve is connected with a transmission cushion block, and a limit spring is arranged in the fixed rod; when the pressing head is pressed down, the transmission cushion block is lowered, the limit spring is contracted, the whole transmission cushion block enters the groove of the limit spring, and the rotation fixing pin can realize the adjustment of the rotation pulley in the up-down 180-degree direction.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the embedded differential pressure hydrostatic level is positioned on the upper part of the horizontal inclinometer pipe, a protection pipe is arranged at the signal output end of the embedded differential pressure hydrostatic level, a liquid storage tank, a datum point hydrostatic level and a data acquisition box are arranged on the ground of the original foundation soil, and a beam of penetrating protection pipe is integrated through a gas transmission pipe, a liquid transmission pipe and a data line of the datum point hydrostatic level and is connected with the embedded differential pressure hydrostatic level.
The above-mentioned horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device, its characterized in that: the datum point hydrostatic level is powered by a solar power supply system.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method which has simple steps and reasonable design and can realize the deformation measurement of the horizontal pipe curtain, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, embedding a horizontal inclinometer pipe in a horizontal pipe curtain: a horizontal inclinometer pipe is placed in the horizontal pipe curtain, and a steel wire rope is reserved in the horizontal inclinometer pipe;
Step two, embedding an embedded differential pressure static level, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 201, connecting a horizontal measuring head with a cable, measuring the distance S2 from the first line section to the center of the horizontal measuring head, fixing a cable centering device to a pipe orifice of a horizontal inclinometer on one side of data acquisition, measuring the position of the horizontal plane of the top of a pipe orifice clamping piece facing the position of the inner distance S2, marking, aligning the bottom center of a buried differential pressure static level with the marked position, and driving a bolt to fix the buried differential pressure static level;
step 202, closing a liquid transmission pipe on the inner side of the embedded differential pressure static level, sleeving the liquid transmission pipe into a protection pipe, extending out of a horizontal pipe curtain to communicate with the atmosphere, wrapping the pipe orifice of the protection pipe with a rubber film to prevent the liquid transmission pipe from being blocked by subsequent construction, and integrating the liquid transmission pipe, the gas transmission pipe and a data line on the outer side of the embedded differential pressure static level into a bundle, and extending out of the horizontal pipe curtain;
step 203, wrapping rubber molds on two ends of the horizontal inclinometer pipe, plugging the two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain, slowly pouring concrete into the horizontal pipe curtain until the concrete overflows from the grouting pipes on the two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain, stopping grouting, and then waiting for the concrete to reach the design strength;
step three, installing a reference station of the static level, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 301, searching a stable area with small construction disturbance around a site, digging a foundation trench with the length of 0.4m, the width of 0.4m and the depth of 1m in an original foundation soil layer, supporting a mould, pouring a concrete foundation with the length of 0.4m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 1.8m above the ground elevation, and simultaneously fixing a solar power supply system and a data acquisition box on the ground or a concrete platform;
Step 302, after the design strength of the concrete is reached, fixing a liquid storage tank to the top of the concrete foundation, fixing a datum point static level to the side surface of the concrete foundation by bolts, connecting a liquid transmission pipe and a gas transmission pipe of the datum point static level with the liquid storage tank and the embedded differential pressure static level in a horizontal pipe curtain, connecting a data line of the datum point static level with a data acquisition box and the embedded differential pressure static level in the horizontal pipe curtain, and connecting the data acquisition box with a solar power supply system to realize automatic data acquisition;
Step four, assembling a measuring device: the relative positions of the upper bottom plate and the lower bottom plate are adjusted, the adjusting bolts are screwed for fixation, and the positions of the adjustable fixed pulleys on the U-shaped fixed plate are adjusted, so that the sliding grooves at the lower parts of the adjustable fixed pulleys are aligned with the centers of the horizontal inclinometer pipes;
The steel wire rope passes through the transmission mechanism and is fixed on the wire winding device, the steel wire rope is pulled to enable the steel wire rope to reach a tightening state, and a loading balancing weight is added on the balancing weight table according to the length of the horizontal inclinometer pipe, so that the balancing weight table is kept in a suspended state;
step five, acquiring deformation data of the horizontal pipe curtain, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 501, carrying out cable paying-off by operators at the data acquisition side at intervals of 0.5m or 1m, reading after the data of the data acquisition instrument is stable, and in the paying-off process, pulling operators at the steel wire rope side to insert a stable winding device at the data acquisition side at intervals of 0.5m or 1m, and waiting for reading of the data acquisition personnel
Step 502, repeating step 501 for a plurality of times until the horizontal measuring head reaches a pipe orifice at one side of the measuring device, recording the first measuring data as U 1,Wherein I is the total number of measurement times of the stable wire winding device, I is the number of measurement times of the stable wire winding device and i=1, 2,., I;
step 503, pulling the cable and the steel wire rope until the horizontal measuring head returns to the data acquisition instrument end;
Step 504, after the horizontal measuring head is turned over for 180 degrees for wiring, repeating the steps from step four to step 503;
Step 505, the two ends of the steel wire rope are disassembled from the measuring device and the horizontal measuring head and are fixed at the orifice of the horizontal inclinometer, the second measuring data is recorded as U 2, The deformation measurement of the horizontal pipe curtain under the working condition is completed;
Step six, processing the deformation data of the horizontal pipe curtain, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 601, calculating a horizontal measuring head voltage U according to a formula u=a+k.g.sin θ, where a is a deflection value of an accelerometer, K is a scale factor of the accelerometer, G is earth gravity acceleration, θ is an inclination angle of the horizontal measuring head relative to a horizontal line, and performing two measurements to eliminate the influence of zero deflection to obtain Because sin theta i＝Δi/L, wherein L is the measuring point segmentation distance, delta i is the vertical offset value measured at the ith time, and the/>, obtained by combining the calculation formulaFor a horizontal inclinometer pipe in a single horizontal pipe curtain, taking one data acquisition side as a datum point, and the accumulated relative vertical displacement of each measuring point is delta Total (S) ＝∑Δi;
step 602, checking and calculating the relative height change of the embedded differential pressure static level in the horizontal pipe curtain to be X i according to the time of measuring the horizontal inclinometer in the horizontal pipe curtain each time, and meanwhile, X i is the absolute vertical displacement of the reference measuring point of the horizontal inclinometer;
And 603, setting the absolute vertical displacement of each measuring point of the horizontal pipe curtain as delta i＝Xi+ΔTotal (S) .
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. According to the invention, the measuring device is matched with the horizontal inclinometer to measure the horizontal inclinometer in the horizontal pipe curtain, so that the high-precision relative deformation of each measuring point in the horizontal pipe curtain can be obtained, meanwhile, the static level gauge is arranged at the first measuring point position of the embedded horizontal inclinometer, the absolute deformation of the datum point position of the horizontal inclinometer can be obtained, the absolute deformation of each measuring point of the horizontal pipe curtain is obtained through deformation superposition calculation, the calculation method is scientific and reasonable, and the deformation change of the horizontal pipe curtain can be truly reflected;
2. According to the invention, the cable centering device is fixed at the pipe orifice of the horizontal inclinometer pipe at one side of data acquisition, so that the centering of the cable in the deformation measurement process of the horizontal pipe curtain can be ensured, the same distance from each section of line section to the horizontal measuring head in each measurement process is ensured, the same position of the horizontal measuring head in each measurement is ensured, and the measurement error is reduced;
3. According to the invention, the steel wire rope direction regulator is fixed at the pipe orifice of the horizontal inclinometer pipe at one side of the steel wire rope, so that the counterweight load can be transmitted through the pulley block of the measuring device, the force of the steel wire rope for pulling the horizontal measuring head is kept horizontal, the oblique pulling force is prevented from acting on the pulley of the horizontal measuring head, and the reading of the horizontal measuring head deviates from a true value;
4. the invention hangs the balancing weight through the pulley block, converts the gravity of the balancing weight in the vertical direction into the constant continuous acting force in the horizontal direction acting on the horizontal measuring head, and can adjust the weight of the balancing weight according to the length of the horizontal inclinometer pipe to adjust the continuous acting force in the horizontal direction;
5. The invention can control the position of the measuring equipment by adjusting the supporting legs and the sliding rails in the bottom plates at two sides, and simultaneously, the wire rope direction regulator can be adjusted in the upper and lower 180 degrees directions, can measure horizontal pipe curtains with different heights, has wide application range and is not limited by measuring sites;
6. the wire winding device is arranged on the fixing frame, so that the steel wire rope can be retracted in the use process, and the steel wire rope is prevented from bringing soil and sundries into the horizontal inclinometer pipe to influence the measurement accuracy;
7. the device is detachably connected with all parts, is convenient to carry, can be continuously used after being detached and replaced if any part is damaged, is simple to operate, is convenient to store, and is time-saving and labor-saving.
In conclusion, the invention has novel and reasonable design, realizes that the force for pulling the horizontal measuring head is kept constant when the horizontal inclinometer pipe in the horizontal pipe curtain is measured, ensures the data stability in the reading process, improves the measuring efficiency, reduces the measuring error and is convenient to popularize and use.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal pipe curtain deformation data acquisition state according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a counterweight pulley device according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2A;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a double-deck base plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 5B;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a cable centralizer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the wire rope steering device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional schematic view of a securing pin in a wire rope steering gear of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the reverse side of the wire rope steering device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a deformation calculation according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a method for measuring horizontal pipe screen deformation according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a data acquisition instrument; 2-a cable; 2-1 line segment;
3-a horizontal inclinometer pipe; 4, soil mass; 5-horizontal pipe curtain;
6-a horizontal measuring head; 7-a steel wire rope; 8-a measuring device;
9-a fixing frame; 10-an adjustable fixed pulley; 11-U-shaped fixing plates;
12-an adjusting bolt; 13-a bolt; 14-a first fixed pulley;
15-a second fixed pulley; 16-a fixed guide slot; 17-counterweight pulley;
17-1-a movable pulley; 17-2-double rows of pulleys; 17-3, a counterweight frame;
17-4-connecting rod; 17-5-balancing weight; 17-6, a counterweight table;
18-a fixed base; 19-1-rotating the reel; 19-2-turning the handle;
19-3-stiffening bolts; 19-4-rotation axis; 19-5, fixing clamp;
19-6-jacks; 19-7-inserting rod; 20-a double-layer bottom plate;
20-1 parts of an upper bottom plate; 20-2 parts of a lower bottom plate; 21-a slide rail;
21-1-an inner fixed rail; 21-2-an outer fixed rail; 21-3-fine steel balls;
21-4, an upper limiting block; 21-5-lower limiting block; 22-support legs;
23-a hard rubber pad; 24-cable centralizer; 24-1, a pipe orifice clamping piece;
24-2-fixed arm; 24-3—a first fixing bolt; 25-ground;
26-original foundation soil; 27-1, a liquid storage tank;
27-2-datum point hydrostatic level; 27-3-a data acquisition box;
27-4-a solar power supply system; 27-5-air transfer pipe;
27-6, a liquid conveying pipe; 27-7 data lines;
28-an embedded differential pressure hydrostatic level; 28-1, a protection tube;
29-a wire rope steering device; 29-1-a nozzle kit;
29-2-diverting pulley; 29-3-a fixed rod; 29-4-bubble level;
29-5-a second fixing bolt; 30-fixing pins; 30-1, a pressing head;
30-2, a transmission cushion block; 30-3-limiting springs; 31-horizontal line.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring device according to the present invention comprises a horizontal inclinometer 3 disposed in a horizontal pipe curtain 5 in a soil body 4, a buried differential pressure static level gauge 28 disposed at one end of the horizontal inclinometer 3, a measuring device 8 disposed at the other end of the horizontal inclinometer 3, and a guiding device for assisting measurement;
the measuring device 8 comprises a wire collecting device for pulling and recovering the wire rope 7, a transmission mechanism for transmitting force to the wire rope 7 and a fixing mechanism for fixing the wire collecting device and the transmission mechanism; the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing frame 9 and a double-layer bottom plate 20; the double-layer bottom plate 20 comprises an upper bottom plate 20-1, a lower bottom plate 20-2 and two sliding rails 21 which are used for connecting the upper bottom plate 20-1 and the lower bottom plate 20-2 and are arranged in parallel, a hard rubber pad 23 is arranged on the lower bottom plate 20-2, and the bottom of the adjusting bolt 12 passes through the upper bottom plate 20-1 and is pressed on the top of the hard rubber pad 23; the fixing frame 9 comprises a horizontal cross beam and a plurality of vertical poles, and the bottoms of the vertical poles are fixedly connected with the upper bottom plate 20-1 through a fixing base 18;
The transmission mechanism comprises an adjustable fixed pulley 10, a first fixed pulley 14, a second fixed pulley 15 and a counterweight pulley 17 for transmitting constant counterweight load to the steel wire rope 7, wherein the first fixed pulley 14 and the second fixed pulley 15 are fixed at the bottom of the horizontal beam through bolts 13; the adjustable fixed pulley 10 is fixed on a U-shaped fixed plate 11 through an adjusting bolt 12, the opening of the U-shaped fixed plate 11 faces downwards, and sliding grooves are formed in two side walls of the U-shaped fixed plate; the counterweight pulley 17 comprises a movable pulley 17-1, two sides of the movable pulley 17-1 are connected with double-row pulleys 17-2 sliding along the inside of the fixed guide groove 16, and the bottoms of the U-shaped fixed plate 11 and the fixed guide groove 16 are fixed at the top of the upper bottom plate 20-1 through a fixed base 18; the two sides of the movable pulley 17-1 are fixedly provided with counterweight brackets 17-3, the bottom of the counterweight bracket 17-3 is fixedly provided with a counterweight table 17-6 through a connecting rod 17-4, and counterweight blocks 17-5 which are used for adaptively measuring different weights of horizontal inclinometer pipes with different lengths are placed on the counterweight table 17-6, and the force transmission direction is changed through the fixed pulley, so that constant horizontal acting force is provided for the horizontal measuring head 6.
In this embodiment, the sliding rail 21 includes an inner fixed rail 21-1 connected to the bottom of the upper base plate 20-1 and an outer fixed rail 21-2 connected to the top of the lower base plate 20-2, wherein a fine steel ball 21-3 for reducing friction force when the outer fixed rail 21-2 and the inner fixed rail 21-1 do relative motion is contained in the middle of the inner fixed rail 21-1 and the outer fixed rail 21-2, an upper limit block 21-4 and a lower limit block 21-5 are provided at two ends of the bottom of the inner fixed rail 21-1, an upper limit block 21-4 is provided at two ends of the outer fixed rail 21-2, and a lower limit block 21-5 is provided at two ends of the outer fixed rail 21-2, wherein the upper limit block 21-4 and the lower limit block 21-5 are used for limiting the sliding range of the upper base plate 20-1.
In this embodiment, a plurality of support legs 22 are disposed at the bottom of the lower plate 20-2, the support legs 22 are fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower plate 20-2 through the fixing base 18, and the support legs 22 are provided with adjusting bolts 12 for adjusting the height; the bottom of the supporting leg 22 is a conical tip structure for penetrating the ground fixing measuring device 8.
In this embodiment, the wire winding device includes a rotary drum 19-1 and a rotary handle 19-2, the rotary handle 19-2 is fixed on a rotary shaft 19-4 of the rotary drum 19-1 and connected as a whole, the rotary shaft 19-4 is limited on a vertical upright through a fixing clamp 19-5, the fixing clamp 19-5 limits the rotary shaft 19-4 of the rotary drum 19-1 through a stiffening bolt 19-3, the rotary drum 19-1 is provided with a plurality of jacks 19-6 on the side wall, and when the horizontal measuring head 6 reaches a preset position, the rotary drum 19-1 is stopped at the fixed position by inserting an inserting rod 19-7 into the corresponding jack 19-6 to stop the rotation of the rotary drum 19-1.
In this embodiment, the guiding device includes a cable centering device 24 and a wire rope steering device 29, where the cable centering device 24 is fixed at the end of the horizontal inclinometer 3 at the data acquisition side, and is used to fix the cable 2 of the data acquisition device 1 and ensure that the cable 2 is centered in the horizontal inclinometer 3, and the data acquisition device 1 is connected with the horizontal measuring head 6 of the horizontal inclinometer 3 through the cable 2; the wire rope direction regulator 29 is fixed at the end of the horizontal inclinometer 3 at one side of the measuring device 8 where the wire rope 7 is pulled.
In this embodiment, each 0.5m of the cable 2 includes a wire section 2-1, and the wire section 2-1 is a plastic cylinder protrusion structure and has a diameter larger than that of the cable 2;
The cable centering device 24 comprises a pipe orifice clamping piece 24-1 and a fixing arm 24-2, a through hole is formed in one end, close to the data acquisition instrument 1, of the pipe orifice clamping piece 24-1, the diameter of the through hole is between the diameter of the cable 2 and the diameter of the wire section 2-1, and the fixing arm 24-2 is connected with the horizontal inclinometer 3 through a first fixing bolt 24-3.
In this embodiment, the wire rope steering device 29 includes a tube orifice sleeve 29-1 and a fixing rod 29-3 disposed at one end of the tube orifice sleeve 29-1 for installing the steering pulley 29-2, a level bubble 29-4 is disposed on the tube orifice sleeve 29-1, the other end of the tube orifice sleeve 29-1 is connected with the horizontal inclinometer 3 through a second fixing bolt 29-5, and the fixing rod 29-3 adjusts the angle of the steering pulley 29-2 through a fixing pin 30, thereby adjusting the direction of the wire rope 7 and ensuring that the wire rope 7 is kept centered in the horizontal inclinometer 3;
The fixed pin 30 comprises a pin sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the fixed rod 29-3 and a pressing head 30-1 arranged on the pin sleeve, one end of the pressing head 30-1 extending into the pin sleeve is connected with a transmission cushion block 30-2, and a limit spring 30-3 is arranged in the fixed rod 29-3; when the pressing head 30-1 is pressed down, the transmission cushion block 30-2 is lowered, meanwhile, the limit spring 30-3 is contracted, the whole transmission cushion block 30-2 enters the groove of the limit spring 30-3, and at the moment, the rotary fixing pin 30 can realize the adjustment of the rotary pulley 29-2 in the up-down 180-degree direction.
In this embodiment, the embedded differential pressure hydrostatic level 28 is located at the upper portion of the horizontal inclinometer 3, the signal output end of the embedded differential pressure hydrostatic level is provided with a protection tube 28-1, the ground 25 of the original foundation soil 26 is provided with a liquid storage tank 27-1, a datum point hydrostatic level 27-2 and a data collection box 27-3, and a bundle of penetrating protection tubes 28-1 are integrated through a gas transmission tube 27-5, a liquid transmission tube 27-6 and a data line 27-7 of the datum point hydrostatic level 27-2 to be connected with the embedded differential pressure hydrostatic level 28.
In this embodiment, the datum point hydrostatic level 27-2 is powered by a solar power supply system 27-4.
In this embodiment, the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are located at the same horizontal height, and the distance s1= (the radius of the first fixed pulley guide groove r1+the radius of the second fixed pulley guide groove r2+the diameter of the movable pulley guide groove d1+the diameter of the wire rope D2) between the central axes of the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley;
In the embodiment, the relative positions of the upper base plate and the lower base plate can be controlled by screwing the adjusting bolts, the upper base plate can slide left and right after loosening the adjusting bolts, and the adjusting bolts are screwed after sliding to proper positions so that the bottoms of the adjusting bolts are propped against the hard rubber pad, thereby realizing the fixation of the upper base plate and the upper structure;
In the embodiment, the central shafts of the pulley blocks are on the same vertical plane, so that the force transmission between the fixed pulleys is ensured to be changed only in direction and not to be changed in size;
In this embodiment, the adjusting bolt fixed on the upper bottom plate may be provided with a rubber sleeve at the bottom of the bolt, so as to increase the friction force with the lower hard rubber pad and reduce the abrasion of the hard rubber pad;
in this embodiment, the weight block and the weight pulley should be calibrated periodically to ensure that the weight load provided during each measurement is the same;
In the embodiment, the balancing weight is not replaced in the measuring process, and the balancing weight load of the horizontal pipe curtain without roots is required to be ensured to be consistent in the measuring process;
In this embodiment, the weight should be selected according to the length of the horizontal inclinometer pipe, and when the horizontal inclinometer pipe with the length within 50m is recommended to be measured, the weight of the weight should be 10kg, and the horizontal inclinometer hanging with the length exceeding 50m is recommended to be increased by 10kg;
In this embodiment: the diameter of the steel wire rope is 2-3 mm;
in this embodiment: a motor can be arranged in the wire winding device to realize automatic wire winding;
The transmission mechanism force transmission calculation principle is as follows: the weight of the counterweight pulley (without adding a counterweight) is defined as G1, the weight of the counterweight is defined as G2, then the vertical force provided by the whole counterweight pulley is G1+G2, the force transmitted to the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley is obtained to be 0.5 (G1+G2) through static balance analysis on the whole structure, and the force transmitted to the steel wire rope after the counterweight load passes through the first fixed pulley and the adjustable fixed pulley is still 0.5 (G1+G2) because the fixed pulley does not change the force. Therefore, in the measuring process, the tension force of the steel wire rope can be ensured to be constant, and the measuring precision is improved;
A method for measuring deformation of a horizontal pipe curtain as shown in fig. 12, comprising the steps of:
Step one, embedding a horizontal inclinometer pipe in a horizontal pipe curtain: a horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 is placed in the horizontal pipe curtain 5, and a steel wire rope 7 is reserved in the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3;
Putting a horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 into a horizontal pipe curtain 5, reserving a steel wire rope 7 in the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3, splicing the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 section by section, performing waterproof treatment on a joint of the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3, preventing slurry from entering the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 in the grouting process of the horizontal pipe curtain 5, and stopping taking over when the exposed lengths of the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 at two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain 5 reach about 0.5 m; adjusting and fixing the direction of the guide grooves 3 of the horizontal inclinometer pipe, so that the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 is provided with a pair of guide grooves parallel to the displacement direction to be measured of the horizontal pipe curtain 5, arranging temporary wood templates at two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain 5, pouring a certain amount of concrete into the pipe curtain at intervals of about 1m to fix the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 to the bottom of the horizontal pipe curtain 5, and pouring lengths of two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain 5 are not less than 2m, wherein the pouring thickness is not less than 15cm;
Step two, embedding an embedded differential pressure static level, wherein the process is as follows:
When the concrete reaches the design strength, removing the wood templates at two ends, cutting the length of the exposed horizontal pipe curtain 5 at two ends of the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 to about 20cm, and polishing the pipe orifice of the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 to be smooth;
Step 201, connecting a horizontal measuring head 6 with a cable 2, measuring the distance S2 from the first line segment 2-1 to the center of the horizontal measuring head 6, fixing a cable centering device 24 to the pipe orifice of a horizontal inclinometer 3 at the data acquisition side, measuring the position of the horizontal plane of the top of a pipe orifice clamping piece 24-1 to the position of the inner distance S2, marking, aligning the bottom center of a buried differential pressure static level gauge 28 with the marked position, and driving a bolt to fix the buried differential pressure static level gauge 28;
202, closing a liquid transmission pipe 27-6 on the inner side of an embedded differential pressure static level 28, sleeving a gas transmission pipe 27-5 into a protection pipe 28-1 and extending out of a horizontal pipe curtain 5 to communicate with the atmosphere, wrapping the pipe orifice of the protection pipe 28-1 with a rubber film to prevent the gas transmission pipe 27-5 from being blocked by subsequent construction, and integrating the liquid transmission pipe 27-6, the gas transmission pipe 27-5 and a data line 27-7 on the outer side of the embedded differential pressure static level 28 into a bundle, and putting the bundle into the protection pipe 28-1 and extending out of the horizontal pipe curtain 5;
Step 203, wrapping rubber molds on two ends of the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3, plugging two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain 5, slowly pouring concrete into the horizontal pipe curtain 5 until the concrete overflows from the grouting pipes on two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain 5, stopping grouting, and then waiting for the concrete to reach the design strength;
step three, installing a reference station of the static level, wherein the process is as follows:
step 301, searching a stable area with small construction disturbance around a site, digging a foundation trench with the length of 0.4m, the width of 0.4m and the depth of 1m in a foundation soil 26 layer of the site, supporting a mould, pouring a concrete foundation with the length of 0.4m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 1.8m above the ground elevation, and simultaneously fixing a solar power supply system 27-4 and a data collecting box 27-3 on the ground 25 or a concrete platform;
Step 302, after the concrete design strength is reached, fixing a liquid storage tank 27-5 to the top of a concrete foundation, fixing a datum point static level 27-2 to the side surface of the concrete foundation by bolts, connecting a liquid transmission pipe 27-6 and a gas transmission pipe 27-5 of the datum point static level 27-2 with an embedded differential pressure static level 28 in the liquid storage tank 27-1 and a horizontal pipe curtain 5, connecting a data line 27-7 of the datum point static level 27-2 with an embedded differential pressure static level 28 in a data acquisition box 27-3 and the horizontal pipe curtain 5, and connecting the data acquisition box 27-3 with a solar power supply system 27-4 to realize automatic data acquisition;
Step four, assembling a measuring device: the relative positions of the upper bottom plate 20-1 and the lower bottom plate 20-2 are adjusted, the adjusting bolts 12 are screwed for fixation, and the position of the adjustable fixed pulley 10 on the U-shaped fixed plate 11 is adjusted, so that the lower sliding groove of the adjustable fixed pulley 10 is aligned with the center of the horizontal inclinometer 3;
The steel wire rope 7 passes through the transmission mechanism and is fixed on the wire winding device, the steel wire rope 7 is pulled to enable the steel wire rope 7 to reach a tightening state, and the loading balancing weight 17-5 is added on the balancing weight table 17-6 according to the length of the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 to enable the balancing weight table 17-6 to keep a suspended state;
step five, acquiring deformation data of the horizontal pipe curtain, wherein the process is as follows:
step 501, paying off the cable 2 every 0.5m or 1m by an operator at the data acquisition side, reading after the data of the data acquisition instrument 1 is stabilized, and in the paying off process, pulling the operator at the steel wire rope 7 side to insert a stable wire winding device every 0.5m or 1m, waiting for the reading of the data acquisition personnel
Step 502, repeating step 501 for a plurality of times until the horizontal measuring head 6 reaches the orifice at one side of the measuring device 8, recording the first measuring data as U 1,Wherein I is the total number of measurement times of the stable wire winding device, I is the number of measurement times of the stable wire winding device and i=1, 2,., I;
step 503, pulling the cable 2 and the steel wire rope 7 until the horizontal measuring head 6 returns to the data acquisition instrument end;
step 504, after the horizontal measuring head 6 is turned over for 180 degrees for wiring, repeating the steps from step four to step 503;
Step 505, the two ends of the steel wire rope 7 are disassembled from the measuring device 8 and the horizontal measuring head 6 and fixed at the orifice of the horizontal inclinometer 3, the second measuring data is recorded as U 2, The deformation measurement of the horizontal pipe curtain 5 under the working condition is completed;
Step six, processing the deformation data of the horizontal pipe curtain, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 601, calculating the voltage U of the horizontal measuring head 6 according to the formula u=a+k·g·sinθ, wherein a is the offset of the accelerometer, K is the accelerometer scale factor, G is the earth gravitational acceleration, θ is the inclination angle of the horizontal measuring head relative to the horizontal line 31, and two measurements are performed to eliminate the influence of zero offset, thereby obtaining Because sin theta i＝Δi/L, wherein L is the measuring point segmentation distance, delta i is the vertical offset value measured at the ith time, and the/>, obtained by combining the calculation formulaFor the horizontal inclinometer pipe 3 in a single horizontal pipe curtain, taking one data acquisition side as a datum point, and the accumulated relative vertical displacement of each measuring point is delta Total (S) ＝∑Δi;
step 602, checking and calculating the relative height change of the embedded differential pressure static level gauge 28 in the horizontal pipe curtain 5 to be X i according to the time of measuring the horizontal inclinometer in the horizontal pipe curtain 5 each time, and meanwhile, X i is the absolute vertical displacement of the reference measuring point of the horizontal inclinometer 3;
And 603, setting the absolute vertical displacement of each measuring point of the horizontal pipe curtain 5 as delta i＝Xi+ΔTotal (S) .
Before the measurement of the horizontal pipe curtain, the cable centering device is placed in the horizontal inclinometer pipe head at the data acquisition side, and the fixing bolt is screwed to fix the cable centering device at the horizontal inclinometer pipe head;
Before the measurement of the horizontal pipe curtain, the wire rope steering device is required to be placed outside the pipe head of the horizontal inclinometer at one side of the measuring device, and the fixing bolt is screwed to fix the wire rope steering device outside the pipe head of the horizontal pipe curtain;
in this embodiment, after the embedded differential pressure static level 28 is installed, the liquid transfer pipe 27-6, the gas transfer pipe 27-5 and the data line 27-7 should be connected together and fixed along the wall, so as to bypass the construction area, prevent the construction machine from damaging the line, and finally connect the line to the reference point static level 27-2;
In this embodiment, when the horizontal pipe curtain 5 is positioned higher, the diverting pulley 29-2 is disposed at the lower side, so that the wire rope 7 passes out of the chute at the upper end of the diverting pulley 29-2 and is connected to the measuring device 8, and when the horizontal pipe curtain 5 is positioned lower, the diverting pulley 29-2 is disposed at the upper side, so that the wire rope 7 passes out of the chute at the lower end of the diverting pulley 29-2 and is connected to the measuring device 8.
In this embodiment, in order to keep the reference point unchanged every time, the positions of the two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain 5 where the data acquisition instrument 1 and the measuring device 8 are located are not changeable, and the same orientation as the first measurement should be kept every time.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a horizontal pipe curtain deformation measurement device which characterized in that: the device comprises a horizontal inclinometer pipe (3) arranged in a horizontal pipe curtain (5) of a soil body (4), an embedded differential pressure static level gauge (28) arranged at one end of the horizontal inclinometer pipe (3), a measuring device (8) arranged at the other end of the horizontal inclinometer pipe (3) and a guiding device for auxiliary measurement;
The measuring device (8) comprises a wire collecting device for pulling and recovering the steel wire rope (7), a transmission mechanism for transmitting force to the steel wire rope (7), and a fixing mechanism for fixing the wire collecting device and the transmission mechanism; the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing frame (9) and a double-layer bottom plate (20); the double-layer bottom plate (20) comprises an upper bottom plate (20-1), a lower bottom plate (20-2) and two sliding rails (21) which are used for connecting the upper bottom plate (20-1) and the lower bottom plate (20-2) and are arranged in parallel, a hard rubber pad (23) is arranged on the lower bottom plate (20-2), and the bottom of the adjusting bolt (12) penetrates through the upper bottom plate (20-1) and is pressed on the top of the hard rubber pad (23); the fixing frame (9) comprises a horizontal cross beam and a plurality of vertical rods, and the bottoms of the vertical rods are fixedly connected with the upper bottom plate (20-1) through a fixing base (18);
The transmission mechanism comprises an adjustable fixed pulley (10), a first fixed pulley (14), a second fixed pulley (15) and a counterweight pulley (17) for transmitting constant counterweight load to the steel wire rope (7), wherein the first fixed pulley (14) and the second fixed pulley (15) are fixed at the bottom of the horizontal beam through bolts (13); the adjustable fixed pulley (10) is fixed on a U-shaped fixed plate (11) through an adjusting bolt (12), the opening of the U-shaped fixed plate (11) faces downwards, and sliding grooves are formed in the two side walls of the U-shaped fixed plate; the counterweight pulley (17) comprises a movable pulley (17-1), two sides of the movable pulley (17-1) are connected with double-row pulleys (17-2) sliding along the inside of the fixed guide groove (16), and the bottoms of the U-shaped fixed plate (11) and the fixed guide groove (16) are fixed at the top of the upper bottom plate (20-1) through a fixed base (18); the two sides of the movable pulley (17-1) are fixedly provided with counterweight brackets (17-3), the bottom of the counterweight bracket (17-3) is fixedly provided with counterweight tables (17-6) through connecting rods (17-4), and counterweight blocks (17-5) for adapting to different weights of horizontal inclinometer pipes with different lengths are placed on the counterweight tables (17-6).
2. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the sliding rail (21) comprises an inner fixed rail (21-1) connected with the bottom of the upper bottom plate (20-1) and an outer fixed rail (21-2) connected with the top of the lower bottom plate (20-2), fine steel balls (21-3) used for reducing friction force when the outer fixed rail (21-2) and the inner fixed rail (21-1) do relative motion are arranged between the inner fixed rail (21-1) and the outer fixed rail (21-2), an upper limit block (21-4) and a lower limit block (21-5) are arranged at two ends of the bottom of the inner fixed rail (21-1), lower limit blocks (21-5) are arranged at two ends of the outer fixed rail (21-2), and the upper limit block (21-4) and the lower limit block (21-5) are used for limiting the sliding range of the upper bottom plate (20-1).
3. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the bottom of the lower bottom plate (20-2) is provided with a plurality of supporting legs (22), the supporting legs (22) are fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower bottom plate (20-2) through a fixed base (18), and the supporting legs (22) are provided with adjusting bolts (12) for adjusting the height; the bottom of the supporting leg (22) is of a conical tip structure and is used for penetrating into the ground to fix the measuring device (8).
4. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the winding device comprises a rotary winding drum (19-1) and a rotary handle (19-2), wherein the rotary handle (19-2) is fixed on a rotary shaft (19-4) of the rotary winding drum (19-1) and connected into a whole, the rotary shaft (19-4) is limited on a vertical upright rod through a fixing clamp (19-5), the fixing clamp (19-5) limits the rotary shaft (19-4) of the rotary winding drum (19-1) through a stiffening bolt (19-3), a plurality of jacks (19-6) are formed in the side wall of the rotary winding drum (19-1), and after a horizontal measuring head (6) reaches a preset position, the rotary winding drum (19-1) is stopped at a fixed position to prevent rotation of the rotary winding drum (19-1) through inserting an inserting rod (19-7) into the corresponding jack (19-6).
5. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the guiding device comprises a cable centering device (24) and a steel wire rope steering device (29), wherein the cable centering device (24) is fixed at the end head of a horizontal inclinometer (3) at one side of data acquisition and is used for fixing a cable (2) of a data acquisition instrument (1) and ensuring that the cable (2) is kept centered in the horizontal inclinometer (3), and the data acquisition instrument (1) is connected with a horizontal measuring head (6) of the horizontal inclinometer (3) through the cable (2); the steel wire rope direction regulator (29) is fixed at the end head of the horizontal inclinometer (3) at one side of the measuring device (8) where the steel wire rope (7) is pulled.
6. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the cable (2) comprises a wire section (2-1) at intervals of 0.5m, and the wire section (2-1) is of a plastic cylinder protruding structure and has a diameter larger than that of the cable (2);
The cable centering device (24) comprises a pipe orifice clamping piece (24-1) and a fixing arm (24-2), a through hole is formed in one end, close to the data acquisition instrument (1), of the pipe orifice clamping piece (24-1), the diameter of the through hole is between the diameter of the cable (2) and the diameter of the wire section (2-1), and the fixing arm (24-2) is connected with the horizontal inclinometer (3) through a first fixing bolt (24-3).
7. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the steel wire rope steering device (29) comprises a pipe orifice sleeve (29-1) and a fixing rod (29-3) arranged at one end of the pipe orifice sleeve (29-1) and used for installing a steering pulley (29-2), a level bubble (29-4) is arranged on the pipe orifice sleeve (29-1), the other end of the pipe orifice sleeve (29-1) is connected with the horizontal inclinometer (3) through a second fixing bolt (29-5), the angle of the steering pulley (29-2) is adjusted by the fixing rod (29-3) through a fixing pin (30), and then the direction of the steel wire rope (7) is adjusted, and the steel wire rope (7) is kept centered in the horizontal inclinometer (3);
The fixed pin (30) comprises a pin sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the fixed rod (29-3) and a pressing head (30-1) arranged on the pin sleeve, one end of the pressing head (30-1) extending into the pin sleeve is connected with a transmission cushion block (30-2), and a limit spring (30-3) is arranged in the fixed rod (29-3); when the pressing head (30-1) is pressed down, the transmission cushion block (30-2) is lowered, meanwhile, the limit spring (30-3) is contracted, the transmission cushion block (30-2) integrally enters the groove of the limit spring (30-3), and at the moment, the rotary fixing pin (30) can realize the adjustment of the rotary pulley (29-2) in the up-down 180-degree direction.
8. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the embedded differential pressure static level (28) is positioned on the upper portion of the horizontal inclinometer (3), a protection tube (28-1) is arranged at the signal output end of the embedded differential pressure static level, a liquid storage tank (27-1), a datum point static level (27-2) and a data collection box (27-3) are arranged on the ground (25) of the original foundation soil (26), and a bundle of penetrating protection tubes (28-1) are integrated with the embedded differential pressure static level (28) through a gas transmission tube (27-5), a liquid transmission tube (27-6) and a data line (27-7) of the datum point static level (27-2).
9. A horizontal pipe curtain deformation measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 8 wherein: the datum point hydrostatic level (27-2) is powered by a solar power supply system (27-4).
10. A method of making a horizontal pipe screen deformation measurement using the apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, embedding a horizontal inclinometer pipe in a horizontal pipe curtain: a horizontal inclinometer pipe (3) is placed in the horizontal pipe curtain (5), and a steel wire rope (7) is reserved in the horizontal inclinometer pipe (3);
Step two, embedding an embedded differential pressure static level, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 201, connecting a horizontal measuring head (6) with a cable (2) and measuring the distance S2 from a first line segment (2-1) to the center of the horizontal measuring head (6), fixing a cable centering device (24) to a pipe orifice of a horizontal inclinometer (3) on the data acquisition side, measuring the position of the top horizontal plane of a pipe orifice clamping piece (24-1) facing the inner distance S2 and marking, aligning the bottom center of a buried differential pressure static level (28) with the marked position, and driving a bolt to fix the buried differential pressure static level (28);
202, closing a liquid transmission pipe (27-6) on the inner side of an embedded differential pressure static level meter (28), sleeving the liquid transmission pipe (27-5) into a protection pipe (28-1) and extending out of a horizontal pipe curtain (5) to communicate with the atmosphere, wrapping the pipe orifice of the protection pipe (28-1) by a rubber film to prevent the liquid transmission pipe (27-5) from being blocked by subsequent construction, and integrating the liquid transmission pipe (27-6), the gas transmission pipe (27-5) and a data line (27-7) on the outer side of the embedded differential pressure static level meter (28) into a bundle, and putting the bundle into the protection pipe (28-1) and extending out of the horizontal pipe curtain (5);
Step 203, wrapping rubber molds on two ends of the horizontal inclinometer pipe (3), plugging two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain (5), slowly pouring concrete into the horizontal pipe curtain (5) until the concrete overflows from the grouting pipes on two ends of the horizontal pipe curtain (5), stopping grouting, and then waiting for the concrete to reach the design strength;
step three, installing a reference station of the static level, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 301, searching a stable area with small construction disturbance around a site, digging a foundation trench with the length of 0.4m, the width of 0.4m and the depth of 1m in a foundation soil (26) layer, supporting a mould, pouring a concrete foundation with the length of 0.4m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 1.8m above the ground elevation, and simultaneously fixing a solar power supply system (27-4) and a data collection box (27-3) on the ground (25) or a concrete platform;
Step 302, after the design strength of the concrete is achieved, fixing a liquid storage tank (27-5) to the top of the concrete foundation, fixing a datum point static level (27-2) to the side surface of the concrete foundation by bolts, connecting a liquid transmission pipe (27-6) and a gas transmission pipe (27-5) of the datum point static level (27-2) with embedded differential pressure static level (28) in the liquid storage tank (27-1) and a horizontal pipe curtain (5), connecting a data line (27-7) of the datum point static level (27-2) with embedded differential pressure static level (28) in a data acquisition box (27-3) and the horizontal pipe curtain (5), and connecting the data acquisition box (27-3) with a solar power supply system (27-4) to realize automatic data acquisition;
step four, assembling a measuring device: the relative positions of the upper bottom plate (20-1) and the lower bottom plate (20-2) are adjusted, the adjusting bolts (12) are screwed and fixed, and the positions of the adjustable fixed pulleys (10) on the U-shaped fixed plates (11) are adjusted, so that the sliding grooves at the lower parts of the adjustable fixed pulleys (10) are aligned with the centers of the horizontal inclinometer pipes (3);
The steel wire rope (7) passes through the transmission mechanism to be fixed on the wire winding device, the steel wire rope (7) is pulled to enable the steel wire rope (7) to be in a tightening state, and a loading balancing weight (17-5) is added on the balancing weight table (17-6) according to the length of the horizontal inclinometer pipe (3) to enable the balancing weight table (17-6) to be in a hanging state;
step five, acquiring deformation data of the horizontal pipe curtain, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 501, paying off a cable (2) at intervals of 0.5m or 1m by an operator at one side of data acquisition, reading after the data of a data acquisition instrument (1) is stabilized, and in the paying off process, pulling the operator at one side of a steel wire rope (7) to insert a stable one-time winding device at intervals of 0.5m or 1m, and waiting for the reading of the data acquisition personnel
Step 502, repeating step 501 for a plurality of times until the horizontal measuring head (6) reaches the pipe orifice at one side of the measuring device (8), recording the first measuring data as U 1,Wherein I is the total number of measurement times of the stable wire winding device, I is the number of measurement times of the stable wire winding device and i=1, 2,., I;
Step 503, pulling the cable (2) and the steel wire rope (7) until the horizontal measuring head (6) returns to the data acquisition instrument end;
step 504, after the horizontal measuring head (6) is turned over for 180 degrees for wiring, repeating the steps from step four to step 503;
Step 505, the two ends of the steel wire rope (7) are disassembled from the measuring device (8) and the horizontal measuring head (6) and are fixed at the orifice of the horizontal inclinometer tube (3), the second measuring data is recorded as U 2, Completing deformation measurement of the horizontal pipe curtain (5) under the working condition;
Step six, processing the deformation data of the horizontal pipe curtain, wherein the process is as follows:
Step 601, calculating the voltage U of the horizontal measuring head (6) according to the formula U=A+K.G.sin theta, wherein A is the offset of the accelerometer, K is the scale factor of the accelerometer, G is the earth gravity acceleration, theta is the inclination angle of the horizontal measuring head relative to the horizontal line (31), and two measurements are carried out to eliminate the influence of zero offset to obtain Because sin theta i＝Δi/L, wherein L is the measuring point segmentation distance, delta i is the vertical offset value measured at the ith time, and the/>, obtained by combining the calculation formulaFor a horizontal inclinometer pipe (3) in a single horizontal pipe curtain, taking one data acquisition side as a datum point, and the accumulated relative vertical displacement of each measuring point is delta Total (S) ＝Σ△i;
Step 602, checking and calculating the relative height change of the embedded differential pressure static level gauge (28) in the horizontal pipe curtain (5) to be X i according to the time of measuring the horizontal inclinometer in the horizontal pipe curtain (5) each time, and meanwhile, X i is the absolute vertical displacement of a reference measuring point of the horizontal inclinometer (3);
And 603, setting absolute vertical displacement of each measuring point of the horizontal pipe curtain (5) as delta i＝Xi+△Total (S) .
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