CN117382059A - Preparation method of basin-type insulator with low-strain gradient structure - Google Patents
Preparation method of basin-type insulator with low-strain gradient structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117382059A CN117382059A CN202311410052.1A CN202311410052A CN117382059A CN 117382059 A CN117382059 A CN 117382059A CN 202311410052 A CN202311410052 A CN 202311410052A CN 117382059 A CN117382059 A CN 117382059A
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- basin
- gradient
- type insulator
- low
- epoxy resin
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MWSKJDNQKGCKPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical group C1CC(C)=CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C12 MWSKJDNQKGCKPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010125 resin casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/003—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/38—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/42—Casting under special conditions, e.g. vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2263/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof as reinforcement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2505/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as filler
- B29K2505/02—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
- B29L2031/3412—Insulators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a basin-type insulator with a low-strain gradient structure, and belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation. Aiming at the defect and fault problems existing in the prior basin-type insulator, the method of the invention respectively comprises the following steps of 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the filler and the bisphenol A epoxy resin is 25+/-2%, 40+/-2% and 20+/-2%, and the mixture is heated and meltedMixing and stirring, and degassing a film to obtain three parts of primary mixed materials with different volume fractions; respectively mixing the epoxy resin mixed materials with curing agents, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, and forming three epoxy resin mixed materials with different gradient contents; and finally preheating the mould, and sequentially pouring three epoxy resin mixed materials with different gradient contents into the mould in a vacuum environment for curing to obtain the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure. According to the thermal and mechanical property requirements of the composite material, the filler contents with three different gradients are controlled in the volume fraction, so that the curing quality and the service performance of the insulator can be well ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a basin-type insulator with a low-strain gradient structure.
Background
The basin-type insulator is made of epoxy resin and Al 2 O 3 Composite material is formed. The epoxy resin has excellent electrical insulation performance, higher breakdown strength and volume resistivity, lower power frequency dielectric constant and dielectric loss, but the highly crosslinked epoxy resin has relatively lower strength and high brittleness, and a proper amount of micron or nano inorganic filler (Al 2 O 3 ) Can improve the mechanical property of the epoxy resin-based composite insulating material.
In the preparation process of the basin-type insulator, parts such as an aluminum flange, a central metal insert and the like and the resin matrix composite are assembled and fixed together and are tightly attached to each other. In general, the design pursues component distribution of basin-type insulatorsSo that each part of the resin matrix composite material has consistent performance. However, the basin-type insulator is affected by temperature change and curing process in service environment, and stress is caused by different thermal expansion degrees of different components. Parts such as aluminum flange, central metal insert and the like and resin matrix composite material have different thermal expansion degrees, and Al 2 O 3 Has a thermal expansion coefficient of 6.5 to 8.8X10 -6 /℃ -1 The thermal expansion coefficient of the epoxy resin is 79.8X10 -6 /℃ -1 Al has a thermal expansion coefficient of 23.8X10 -6 /℃ -1 . The expansion of the aluminum insert is greater than the resin matrix composite material when the temperature is increased, and the contact area expands with the aluminum insert under the traction of the aluminum insert, and the basin-type insulator generates stress due to uneven expansion. If the stress is too high, cracks may occur in the basin-type insulator, so that various parts of the material are often required to meet different thermal and mechanical property requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect and fault problems in the existing basin-type insulator, the invention provides a preparation method of a basin-type insulator with a low strain gradient structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a basin-type insulator with a low strain gradient structure comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to Al respectively 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the filler and bisphenol A epoxy resin is 25+/-2%, 40+/-2% and 20+/-2%, the mixture is heated, melted, mixed and stirred, and the materials are subjected to vacuum degassing treatment in a film degassing mode to obtain three parts of Al 2 O 3 Mixing materials with different volume fractions;
step 2, mixing the three primary mixed materials obtained in the step 1 with a curing agent respectively, and vacuumizing to remove bubbles to form three epoxy resin mixed materials with different contents of gradient 1, gradient 2 and gradient 3;
and step 3, preheating a mould, and then sequentially pouring three epoxy resin mixed materials with different contents of gradient 1, gradient 2 and gradient 3 into the mould in a vacuum environment for curing to obtain the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure.
Because the molding materials of the basin-type insulator are mainly epoxy resin and Al 2 O 3 According to the thermal and mechanical property requirements of the composite material, the filler contents of three different gradients are controlled in the volume fraction, so that the curing quality and the service performance of the insulator can be well ensured.
Further, al in the epoxy resin mixed material with the gradient 1 content 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the particles is 25+/-2%; gradient 2 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the particles is 40+/-2%; gradient 3 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of particles was 20±2%.
Further, the Al 2 O 3 The size of the particles is mixed by micron-sized particles, which are polygonal micron particles with diameters of 1 μm to 30 μm, and nano-sized particles, which are polygonal nano-particles with diameters of 8nm to 15 nm.
Further, the curing agent is methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride.
Further, the curing agent is in a heated and melted state.
Further, the volume ratio of the primary mixed material to the curing agent is 100:48-49.
Further, the curing process in the step 3 includes a first continuous heating stage, a first heat-preserving stage, a second continuous heating stage, a second heat-preserving stage and a final cooling stage.
Further, the first continuous heating stage is to continuously heat to 105 ℃ within 2 hours; the second continuous heating stage is to heat the temperature from 105 ℃ to 155 ℃; the first heat preservation stage and the second heat preservation stage are heat preservation for 15 hours.
And (2) vacuumizing to remove bubbles, namely, stirring for 30 minutes, and vacuumizing to remove bubbles at a vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa.
The basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure is prepared by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the insulator is formed by pouring a mixture of epoxy resin and filler subjected to vacuum treatment into a mold in a vacuum environment and solidifying and forming the mixture, and the production process of the insulator is divided into three processes of preparation of the mold, raw material treatment and pouring and solidifying. In the casting process, the basin-type insulating subtree resin matrix composite is divided into three areas for content control of Al2O3 ceramic particles, the annular area close to the metal center insert is set to be gradient 1, the annular area close to the Al flange is set to be gradient 3, and the rest is set to be gradient 2.
From gradient 2 to gradient 1 or 3, as the particle volume fraction in the resin matrix composite decreases, the thermal expansion coefficient of the material also tends to increase monotonically. The degree of expansion slowly increases when heated until the contact area of the aluminum insert is approached, and the degree of expansion can be maximized. Thus, the expansion of the basin-type insulator is more uniform, compared with the basin-type insulator of the same type in service at present, the high elongation at break and low stress of the contact area between the resin matrix composite material and the aluminum insert can be realized through the design of the gradient structure, and the middle main body structure has high strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a casting process of a basin-type insulator with a gradient structure
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the trend of the tensile strength, the elastic modulus and the elongation at break of epoxy resin composite materials with different gradients.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the difference in thermal expansion at different filler content gradients.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the gradient structure of the cast basin-type insulator.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the basin-type insulator with the low strain gradient structure, as shown in the pouring process flow chart of the basin-type insulator with the gradient structure in fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to Al respectively 2 O 3 Filler and bisphenol A typeThe volume fraction of the epoxy resin is 25+/-2%, 40+/-2% and 20+/-2% are proportioned, heated, melted, mixed and stirred, and the materials are subjected to vacuum degassing treatment in a film degassing mode to obtain three parts of Al 2 O 3 Mixing materials with different volume fractions;
step 2, mixing the three primary mixed materials obtained in the step 1 with a curing agent (methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride) in a heating and melting state respectively, wherein the volume ratio of the primary mixed materials to the curing agent is 100:48 (or 49), stirring for 30 minutes, and then vacuumizing at a vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa to remove bubbles to form three epoxy resin mixed materials with different contents of gradient 1, gradient 2 and gradient 3; gradient 1 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the particles is 25+/-2%; gradient 2 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the particles is 40+/-2%; gradient 3 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of particles was 20±2%.
And 3, preheating a die, and sequentially pouring three epoxy resin mixed materials with different contents of gradient 1, gradient 2 and gradient 3 into the die in a vacuum environment for curing, wherein the curing process comprises a first continuous heating stage, a first heat preservation stage, a second continuous heating stage, a second heat preservation stage and a final cooling stage. The first continuous heating stage is to continuously heat to 105 ℃ within 2 hours; the second continuous heating stage is to heat the temperature from 105 ℃ to 155 ℃; the first heat preservation stage and the second heat preservation stage are heat preservation for 15 hours. As shown in the schematic diagram of the difference of thermal expansion under different filler content gradients in FIG. 3, the molding materials of the basin-type insulator are mainly epoxy resin and Al 2 O 3 According to the thermal and mechanical property requirements of the composite material, the filler contents of three different gradients are controlled in the volume fraction, so that the curing quality and the service performance of the insulator can be well ensured.
Finally, the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure is obtained. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the gradient structure of the cast basin-type insulator.
Example 2 test
The tensile strength test, the elastic modulus test and the elongation at break test are carried out on the epoxy resin composite materials with different gradients in the example 1, and the obtained results are shown in the graphs of the tensile strength, the elastic modulus and the elongation at break change trend of the epoxy resin composite materials with different gradients in the figure 2, and from the graphs, it can be seen that the elastic modulus of the gradient 1 and the elastic modulus of the gradient 3 are lower than the elastic modulus of the gradient 2, but the average tensile strength and the average elongation at break are higher than those of the gradient 2 material.
The mechanical property test is carried out on a CMT5105 mechanical property tester of Shenzhen Sansi materials detection Co., ltd according to national standard resin casting body performance test method (GB/T2567-2008) by adopting a dumbbell type standard sample, clamping the sample, enabling the central axis of the sample to be consistent with the alignment central lines of an upper clamp and a lower clamp, uniformly and continuously loading the sample according to a specified speed until the sample is destroyed, and reading a destroyed load value. The test speed was 10mm/min when the tensile strength was measured, and 2mm/min when the elastic modulus and stress-strain curve were measured. The samples should be flat, smooth, free of defects such as cracks, etc., and not less than 5 samples per group.
What is not described in detail in the present specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. While the foregoing describes illustrative embodiments of the present invention to facilitate an understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but is to be construed as protected by the accompanying claims insofar as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, according to Al respectively 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the filler and bisphenol A epoxy resin is 25+/-2%, 40+/-2% and 20+/-2%, the mixture is heated, melted, mixed and stirred, and the materials are vacuum-treated by adopting a film degassing modeDegassing to obtain three portions of Al 2 O 3 Mixing materials with different volume fractions;
step 2, mixing the three primary mixed materials obtained in the step 1 with a curing agent respectively, and vacuumizing to remove bubbles to form three epoxy resin mixed materials with different contents of gradient 1, gradient 2 and gradient 3;
and step 3, preheating a mould, and then sequentially pouring three epoxy resin mixed materials with different contents of gradient 1, gradient 2 and gradient 3 into the mould in a vacuum environment for curing to obtain the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure.
2. The method for manufacturing the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: gradient 1 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the particles is 25+/-2%; gradient 2 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the particles is 40+/-2%; gradient 3 content of Al in epoxy resin mixture 2 O 3 The volume fraction of particles was 20±2%.
3. The method for manufacturing the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Al is 2 O 3 The size of the particles is mixed by micron-sized particles, which are polygonal micron particles with diameters of 1 μm to 30 μm, and nano-sized particles, which are polygonal nano-particles with diameters of 8nm to 15 nm.
4. The method for manufacturing the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the curing agent is methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, and the curing agent is in a heating and melting state.
5. The method for manufacturing the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the volume ratio of the primary mixed material to the curing agent is 100:48-49.
6. The method for manufacturing the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the curing process in the step 3 includes a first continuous heating stage, a first heat-preserving stage, a second continuous heating stage, a second heat-preserving stage and a final cooling stage.
7. The method for manufacturing the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure, according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the first continuous heating stage is to continuously heat to 105 ℃ within 2 hours; the second continuous heating stage is to heat the temperature from 105 ℃ to 155 ℃; the first heat preservation stage and the second heat preservation stage are heat preservation for 15 hours.
8. The method for manufacturing the basin-type insulator with the low-strain gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) vacuumizing in the step (2) to remove bubbles, namely, stirring for 30 minutes, and vacuumizing at the vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa to remove bubbles.
9. A low strain gradient structure basin-type insulator manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311410052.1A CN117382059A (en) | 2023-10-27 | 2023-10-27 | Preparation method of basin-type insulator with low-strain gradient structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311410052.1A CN117382059A (en) | 2023-10-27 | 2023-10-27 | Preparation method of basin-type insulator with low-strain gradient structure |
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| CN117382059A true CN117382059A (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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| CN202311410052.1A Pending CN117382059A (en) | 2023-10-27 | 2023-10-27 | Preparation method of basin-type insulator with low-strain gradient structure |
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| CN (1) | CN117382059A (en) |
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- 2023-10-27 CN CN202311410052.1A patent/CN117382059A/en active Pending
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