CN117377196B

CN117377196B - Differential line design method, system, device and medium

Info

Publication number: CN117377196B
Application number: CN202311660351.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁磊
Original assignee: Suzhou Metabrain Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Metabrain Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-06
Filing date: 2023-12-06
Publication date: 2024-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2043-12-06
Also published as: CN117377196A

Abstract

The application discloses a differential line design method, a differential line design system, a differential line design device and a differential line design medium, relates to the field of circuit design, and is used for solving the problem that design parameters of a differential line cannot be determined. In the scheme, design parameters of the copper-clad plate are obtained, the target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring is determined according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameters, and the target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring is determined according to the target length and the design parameters. Therefore, the design parameters of the copper-clad plates to be designed are taken into consideration, so that flexible design of the differential lines of different copper-clad plates can be realized; the target signal bandwidth and the conversion frequency of the differential line are taken into consideration, and the high-frequency characteristic of the differential line is taken into consideration, so that the designed differential line wiring scheme can ensure the signal quality in the target signal bandwidth, and the glass fiber effect and the influence thereof are reduced.

Description

Differential line design method, system, device and medium

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of circuit design, and in particular, to a differential line design method, system, device, and medium.

Background

In electronic systems, differential wires are a common option for high-speed wires on PCBs (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit boards) as the signal rate increases. The differential line transmits the same signal with a phase difference of 180 degrees by using two wires which are parallel and equal in length, thereby reducing or eliminating the influence of common mode interference. However, the application of differential wires to PCBs also faces the problem of the fiberglass effect.

The glass fiber effect is a phenomenon that the relative dielectric constant of a dielectric layer is locally changed due to gaps among glass fiber bundle network structures which are reinforcing materials for forming the dielectric layer of the PCB. Specifically, the PCB medium layer is composed of glass fiber cloth and resin, and glass fiber bundles of the glass fiber cloth are filled with the resin in gaps. Because the dielectric constants of the glass fiber cloth and the resin are greatly different (the dielectric constant of the glass fiber cloth is generally about 6, the dielectric constant of the resin is about 2.5), the dielectric constant sensed by signals on the wires close to the glass fibers is relatively large, and the dielectric constant sensed by signals on the wires in the gaps between the glass fiber bundles is relatively small, so that the glass fiber effect is generated. One wire is easy to be arranged on the glass fiber, and the other wire is arranged on the gap, so that the transmission impedance and the time delay of the two wires are inconsistent, and the quality of signals is affected. In particular, for high-speed signal transmission, such inconsistency may cause signal distortion, as shown in fig. 1, where the left side of fig. 1 is a normally transmitted signal and the right side of fig. 1 is a distorted signal.

In order to solve the problems, the differential wires are generally distributed according to a Z shape at present, so that the differential wires are not parallel to the transverse glass fibers and the longitudinal glass fibers, and therefore the difference between the two differential wires is reduced as much as possible, and the glass fiber effect problem is solved. Therefore, how to determine the angle and length parameters of the zigzag wiring to better optimize the signal quality is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a differential line design method, a differential line design system, a differential line design device and a differential line design medium, which take design parameters of copper-clad plates to be designed into consideration, so that flexible design of differential lines of different copper-clad plates can be realized; the target signal bandwidth and the conversion frequency of the differential line are taken into consideration, and the high-frequency characteristic of the differential line is taken into consideration, so that the designed differential line wiring scheme can ensure the signal quality in the target signal bandwidth, and the glass fiber effect and the influence thereof are reduced.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a differential line design method, including:

obtaining design parameters of a copper-clad plate, wherein the copper-clad plate comprises transverse and longitudinal glass fibers, resin is filled between two adjacent glass fibers, and the design parameters at least comprise the width of the resin between the two adjacent glass fibers;

Determining a target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the conversion frequency of the differential line, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameter, wherein the Z-shaped wiring comprises three sections of folding lines which are sequentially connected and have the same length, and the target length is the length of one section of folding line;

and determining a target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the target length and the design parameter, wherein the target angle is an included angle between each section of folding line and the transverse glass fiber.

In one embodiment, obtaining design parameters of a copper-clad plate includes:

and obtaining the model of the copper-clad plate, and determining the design parameters according to the model of the copper-clad plate.

In one embodiment, obtaining design parameters of a copper-clad plate includes:

and acquiring measurement parameters sent by a user and obtained by measuring the copper-clad plate, and determining the design parameters according to the measurement parameters.

In one embodiment, before determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameter, the method further includes:

And acquiring the target signal bandwidth, and determining the conversion frequency according to the target signal bandwidth, wherein the conversion frequency is outside the target signal bandwidth.

In one embodiment, obtaining the target signal bandwidth, determining the switching frequency according to the target signal bandwidth, includes:

acquiring the target signal bandwidth, and determining a center frequency according to the target signal bandwidth;

multiplying the center frequency by a preset multiple to obtain the conversion frequency, wherein the preset multiple is any value between 1 and 3.

In one embodiment, determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and the design parameter includes:

and determining the target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate.

In one embodiment, determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate includes:

Determining the target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to a preset formula according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate;

the preset formula is as follows:the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein zig is the target length, c is the speed of light, f is the switching frequency,/->Is the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate.

In one embodiment, determining the target angle of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the target length and the design parameter includes:

determining a target height of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the design parameters, wherein the target height is the projection of the fold line in the longitudinal direction;

and determining a target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the target height and the target length.

In one embodiment, the target height of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring is N widths of the resin, and N is greater than 1.

In one embodiment, after determining the target angle of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the target length and the design parameter, the method further includes:

and carrying out visualization processing on the target angle and the target length.

calculating the total length of the differential line according to the target angle and the target length;

acquiring a preset length of the differential line;

and adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length.

In one embodiment, before adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length, the method further includes:

judging whether the preset length is smaller than the total length;

if the total length is smaller than the preset length, the step of adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length is carried out.

In one embodiment, determining whether the preset length is less than the total length includes:

calculating the projection length of the broken line in the transverse direction according to the target length and the target angle;

calculating a difference between the target length and the projection length;

determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the difference value;

And if the difference is larger than a preset difference, judging that the preset length is smaller than the total length.

In one embodiment, determining whether the preset length is less than the total length according to the difference value includes:

calculating the ratio of the difference value to the projection length according to the difference value;

determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the ratio;

and if the ratio is larger than a preset ratio, judging that the preset length is smaller than the total length.

In one embodiment, adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length includes:

when the preset length is smaller than the total length, acquiring a difference value between the total length and the preset length;

and determining that the target length is unchanged according to the difference value, and adjusting the angles of a plurality of folding lines in the difference line to be the target angle and the angles of a plurality of folding lines to be smaller than the target angle.

Determining that the target length is unchanged according to the difference value, and increasing a preset angle variable on the basis of the target angle to obtain an increased target angle;

and determining the total length according to the target length and the increased target angle, wherein the total length is not greater than the preset length.

In one embodiment, adjusting the angles of the plurality of polylines in the differential line to the target angle and the angles of the plurality of polylines to be less than the target angle includes:

and gradually reducing the angle of each folding line by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length.

In one embodiment, gradually reducing the angle of each fold line with the target angle as an initial value and a preset angle variable as a step length includes:

and gradually reducing the angle of each folding line by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length until wiring is finished or until the angle of each folding line is not larger than a minimum preset angle, wherein the minimum preset angle is larger than zero.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

and when the angle of the folding line is not larger than the minimum preset angle, the step of gradually reducing the angle of each folding line by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length is re-entered until wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding line is not larger than the minimum preset angle.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

and when the angle of the folding line is not larger than the minimum preset angle, gradually increasing the angle of the folding line by taking the minimum preset angle as an initial value and taking the preset angle variable as a step length until wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding line reaches the target angle, and then gradually decreasing the angle of each folding line by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking the preset angle variable as a step length until wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding line is not larger than the minimum preset angle.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides a differential line design system, including:

the device comprises an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring design parameters of a copper-clad plate, the copper-clad plate comprises transverse and longitudinal glass fibers, resin is filled between two adjacent glass fibers, and the design parameters at least comprise the width of the resin between the two adjacent glass fibers;

the length determining unit is used for determining the target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the conversion frequency of the differential line, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameter, wherein the Z-shaped wiring comprises three sections of folding lines which are sequentially connected and have the same length, and the target length is the length of one section of folding line;

And the angle determining unit is used for determining a target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the target length and the design parameter, wherein the target angle is an included angle between each section of folding line and the transverse glass fiber.

In a third aspect, the present application further provides a differential line design apparatus, including:

a memory for storing a computer program;

and the processor is used for realizing the steps of the differential line design method when executing the computer program.

In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program implementing the steps of the differential line design method described above when executed by a processor.

The application provides a differential line design method, a differential line design system, a differential line design device and a differential line design medium, and relates to the field of circuit design. In the scheme, design parameters of the copper-clad plate are obtained, the target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring is determined according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameters, and the target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring is determined according to the target length and the design parameters. Therefore, the design parameters of the copper-clad plates to be designed are taken into consideration, so that flexible design of the differential lines of different copper-clad plates can be realized; the target signal bandwidth and the conversion frequency of the differential line are taken into consideration, and the high-frequency characteristic of the differential line is taken into consideration, so that the designed differential line wiring scheme can ensure the signal quality in the target signal bandwidth, and the glass fiber effect and the influence thereof are reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the prior art and embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of signal comparison in the related art;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a zigzag wiring provided in the present application;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a differential line design method provided in the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a differential line design system provided herein;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a differential line design apparatus provided herein;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a computer readable storage medium provided herein.

Detailed Description

The core of the application is to provide a differential line design method, a differential line design system, a differential line design device and a differential line design medium, which take design parameters of copper-clad plates to be designed into consideration, so that flexible design of differential lines of different copper-clad plates can be realized; the target signal bandwidth and the conversion frequency of the differential line are taken into consideration, and the high-frequency characteristic of the differential line is taken into consideration, so that the designed differential line wiring scheme can ensure the signal quality in the target signal bandwidth, and the glass fiber effect and the influence thereof are reduced.

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a zigzag trace provided in the present application, where zig is a length of a fold line, h is a height of the fold line, and L is a projection of the fold line in a lateral direction.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a differential line design method, as shown in fig. 3, including:

s11: acquiring design parameters of a copper-clad plate, wherein the copper-clad plate comprises transverse and longitudinal glass fibers, resin is filled between two adjacent glass fibers, and the design parameters at least comprise the width of the resin between the two adjacent glass fibers;

in the step, firstly, the design parameters of the copper-clad plate are obtained, wherein the design parameters comprise the material components (glass fibers and resin) of the copper-clad plate and the specific design parameters at least comprise the width of the resin between two adjacent glass fibers. These design parameters may also include the thickness of the copper clad laminate, material properties, and other related geometric parameters.

The method aims at flexibly designing the differential line according to the design parameters of the specific copper-clad plates so as to adapt to the requirements of different copper-clad plates. By considering the design parameters of the copper-clad plate, the design of the differential line can be ensured to be matched with the actual characteristics of the copper-clad plate, so that the flexibility and the accuracy of the design are improved. The design method can provide personalized differential line design schemes for different copper-clad plates, thereby better meeting the requirements of different application scenes.

S12: determining the target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the conversion frequency of the differential line, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameter, wherein the Z-shaped wiring comprises three sections of folding lines which are connected in sequence and have the same length, and the target length is the length of one section of folding line;

in this step, it is considered that the differential line needs to meet specific signal transmission requirements during wiring, including factors such as switching frequency and signal bandwidth. In practical designs, the routing of differential lines has an important impact on their performance. The Z-shaped wiring is a common wiring mode, so that signal cross interference and electromagnetic radiation can be effectively reduced, and transmission loss is reduced.

The target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring is determined by converting the frequency, the target signal bandwidth and the design parameters, so that the requirement of the differential line in high-frequency signal transmission can be better met. The design parameters in this step may include, but are not limited to, the width of the resin between glass fibers, the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate, etc., and also consider the target signal bandwidth of the differential line to determine the optimal differential line length, so that the differential line wiring scheme appearing in the design may ensure the signal quality within the target signal bandwidth.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the length refers to the length of each folding line in the zigzag trace, and more simply, if a part of the folding lines facing obliquely upward and a part of the folding lines facing obliquely downward are included in 2/3 cycles of the zigzag trace, the length refers to the length of any one of the folding lines, such as zig in fig. 2.

Further, since the differential line includes two signal transmission lines, that is, any one of the folding lines also includes at least two folding lines, the target length refers specifically to the average length of the two folding lines. The reason for taking the average length is as follows: when the signal transmission lines are routed in a zigzag pattern, the lengths of the signal transmission lines on the outer side are generally different from those on the inner side, and an average length is used for the convenience of calculation.

S13: and determining a target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the target length and the design parameter, wherein the target angle is an included angle between each section of folding line and the transverse glass fiber.

This step describes the target angle of the differential wires as they are routed in a zig-zag fashion. Specifically, the step refers to the included angle between the folding line and the glass fiber in the transverse design direction of the glass fiber. By determining the target length and design parameters, the target angle of the differential line can be calculated. The magnitude of this angle is critical to the layout and performance of the differential line.

By adjusting the target angle of the differential line, the transmission effect of the differential signal can be optimized. For example, in high frequency applications, if the target angle of the differential lines is appropriate, the crosstalk effect between the differential lines can be reduced, improving signal quality and transmission rate. In addition, the target angle of the differential line can also influence the electromagnetic coupling and mutual interference conditions of the differential line, so that the stability and reliability of signals are further improved.

In one embodiment, obtaining design parameters of a copper-clad plate includes:

and obtaining the model of the copper-clad plate, and determining design parameters according to the model of the copper-clad plate.

In this embodiment, the model information of the copper-clad plate needs to be acquired first. The copper-clad plate is a common circuit board material and consists of glass fiber and resin. Different models of copper clad laminate may have different design parameters. And determining design parameters according to the model of the copper-clad plate. In this step, according to the obtained model of the copper-clad plate, the related specification sheet or technical manual may be referred to determine the design parameters related to the model. Wherein, at least comprises the width of the resin between two adjacent glass fibers. This design parameter is very important for the routing of the differential lines because it directly affects the distance and the gap between the differential lines, and thus the crosstalk effect between the differential lines.

Through the steps, the design parameters of the copper-clad plate, including the model number and the resin width between the adjacent glass fibers, can be obtained, and can be used for further differential line design processes.

In one embodiment, obtaining design parameters of a copper-clad plate includes:

and acquiring measurement parameters obtained by measuring the copper-clad plate and sent by a user, and determining design parameters according to the measurement parameters.

In another embodiment, the design parameters are determined by measurement parameters obtained by measuring the copper-clad plate by a user. Specifically, the user may measure the copper-clad plate and send the measurement result to the processor, where these measurement parameters may include the width of the resin between two adjacent glass fibers, and other parameters related to the differential line design. The processor uses the measurement parameters sent by the user as a basis to determine, through certain calculations or processes, design parameters related to the differential line design, which may include the length of each half cycle of the differential line, etc.

Through the steps, the measurement parameters sent by the user can be obtained, and the design parameters of the differential line can be determined according to the measurement parameters. Therefore, the method can be more accurately adapted to the specific copper-clad plate condition, and the performance and reliability of differential line design are improved.

In one embodiment, before determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameter, the method further comprises:

and acquiring a target signal bandwidth, and determining a conversion frequency according to the target signal bandwidth, wherein the conversion frequency is outside the target signal bandwidth.

Further, before calculating the length, the target signal bandwidth is first acquired, and the conversion frequency is determined according to the target signal bandwidth. The target signal bandwidth refers to the frequency range of the signal transmitted by the differential line. And determining the conversion frequency of the differential line through certain calculation or processing according to the acquired target signal bandwidth. It should be noted that, in order to ensure signal transmission quality, the switching frequency herein needs to be defined as a frequency outside the bandwidth of the target signal. The switching frequency refers to the operating frequency range used by the differential line.

In designing the differential line, it is necessary to set the switching frequency outside the target signal bandwidth because signal distortion, increase in interference, or increase in signal loss may be caused if the switching frequency is set within the target signal bandwidth during signal transmission. Therefore, in order to ensure stability and reliability of signal transmission, the switching frequency needs to be set outside the target signal bandwidth. Thus, adverse effects in the signal transmission process can be effectively reduced, and the performance and reliability of the differential line are improved.

In one embodiment, obtaining a target signal bandwidth, determining a transition frequency based on the target signal bandwidth, comprises:

acquiring a target signal bandwidth, and determining a center frequency according to the target signal bandwidth;

the center frequency is multiplied by a preset multiple to obtain a conversion frequency, wherein the preset multiple is any value between 1 and 3.

In this embodiment, a target signal bandwidth set by a user is obtained. The target signal bandwidth refers to the frequency range of the signal transmitted by the differential line; and according to the acquired target signal bandwidth, determining the center frequency of the differential line through certain calculation or processing. The center frequency refers to the median of the operating frequencies used by the differential lines. And multiplying the determined center frequency by a preset multiple to obtain the conversion frequency of the differential line. The preset multiple is a user-settable parameter, and is typically any value ranging from 1 to 3.

Through the steps, the target signal bandwidth can be acquired, and the center frequency can be determined according to the target signal bandwidth. Then, the center frequency is multiplied by a preset multiple to obtain the conversion frequency of the differential line. Therefore, the conversion frequency of the differential line can be determined according to the user requirements and the design requirements, and further the subsequent differential line design is performed. In an alternative embodiment, the preset multiple is set to 1.5.

In one embodiment, determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the design parameter includes:

The present embodiment is directed to a method for determining a target length of a differential line routed in a zigzag fashion in one embodiment. This method is determined based on the switching frequency of the differential line, the target signal bandwidth, and design parameters. The design parameters comprise dielectric constants of the copper-clad plate, and the target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring can be determined more accurately by taking the parameters into consideration. Therefore, the method can more effectively optimize the wiring mode of the differential line when designing the circuit so as to meet specific requirements and performance indexes.

the preset formula is:the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein zig is the target length, c is the speed of light, f is the switching frequency, ++>Is the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate.

The embodiment relates to a method for determining the target length of a differential line according to Z-shaped wiring according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line and the dielectric constant of a copper-clad plate. Specifically, in this embodiment, a preset formula is used to determine the target length, in which zig represents the target length, c represents the speed of light, f represents the conversion frequency, and ε represents the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate.

The target length of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring can be accurately calculated through the preset formula, so that the design requirement and the requirement of target signal bandwidth are met. The method can effectively guide the design and implementation of differential line wiring, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the design.

In one embodiment, determining a target angle for a differential line to trace according to a zig-zag pattern based on a target length and design parameters includes:

Determining the target height of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the design parameters, wherein the target height is the projection length of the folding line in the longitudinal direction;

and determining the target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the target height and the target length.

The present embodiment describes specific steps for determining a target angle for a differential line to follow a zig-zag trace based on a target length and design parameters. Firstly, determining the target height of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring, namely the projection length of the folding line in the longitudinal direction according to design parameters. And then, determining the target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the determined target height and target length.

In this embodiment, by determining the target height and the target length of the differential line, and further determining the target angle of the differential line according to the zigzag routing, a designer can be helped to effectively route the differential line to adapt to specific circuit layouts and requirements.

In one embodiment, the differential lines are N resin widths according to the target height of the Z-shaped line, and N is greater than 1.

In this embodiment, the target height of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring is referred to as the width of N resins, where N is greater than 1, and in an alternative embodiment, N is 2. This means that the target height of the differential line is defined as a multiple of the width of the resin during the wiring process. The design can ensure that the projection length of the folding line in the longitudinal direction meets specific requirements, so that better signal transmission and interference resistance can be achieved in the wiring process. Specifically, by defining the target height of the differential line as the widths of the plurality of resins, the distance between the differential line and other signal lines can be better controlled during wiring, thereby reducing signal crosstalk and interference. This helps to improve the stability and reliability of the circuit and may result in better performance in high speed signal transmission.

In one embodiment, after determining the target angle of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the target length and the design parameter, the method further comprises:

and performing visualization processing on the target angle and the target length.

The present embodiment describes the step of further performing a visualization process on the target angle and the target length after determining the target angle of the differential line routed in a zigzag pattern. The visualization process refers to displaying the target angle and the target length in the form of text, or graphics or charts so that the user can intuitively understand and analyze the parameters. Through the visualization processing, the user can better evaluate the layout effect of the differential lines according to the Z-shaped wiring, and make corresponding adjustment and optimization.

calculating the total length of the differential line according to the determined target angle and target length;

acquiring a preset length of a differential line;

This embodiment describes further operational steps after determining the target angle for the differential line to follow the zig-zag pattern. Firstly, calculating the total length of the differential line, then obtaining the preset length of the differential line, and then adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length.

The main purpose of this procedure is to verify and optimize the determined target angle and length. The length actually required can be determined by calculating the total length of the differential lines and comparing the total length with the preset length, so that the target angle and the length can be adjusted. The adjustment process can be performed according to the difference between the preset length and the total length, so as to ensure the accuracy of the included angle between the differential line wiring direction and the transverse design direction of the glass fiber and the target length.

In one embodiment, before adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length, the method further comprises:

judging whether the preset length is smaller than the total length or not;

In this embodiment, it is first required to determine whether the preset length is smaller than the total length. If the preset length is smaller than the total length, a step of adjusting the target angle and/or the target length is required. This step involves recalculating the target angle and/or target length so that the differential wires follow a zig-zag pattern to meet design requirements and not exceed the overall length.

The purpose of this process is to ensure that the differential wires are routed in a zig-zag fashion and that the lengths meet design requirements. Through judgment and adjustment, the wiring scheme of the differential line can be effectively optimized, and the stability and reliability of the signal transmission quality and performance are ensured. The process plays an important role in circuit design and wiring, and can help engineers fully consider wiring parameters in the design stage, discover and solve potential problems in advance, and ensure successful implementation of circuit design.

calculating the projection length of the folding line in the transverse direction according to the target length and the target angle;

calculating the difference between the target length and the projection length;

if the difference is greater than the preset difference, the preset length is judged to be smaller than the total length.

The present embodiment refers to the step of determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length. First, a projection length of the folding line in the lateral direction is calculated from the target length and the target angle. This is to determine the length of the differential line at the time of actual wiring because the differential line runs in a direction not parallel to the transverse glass fiber. Then, a difference between the target length and the projected length is calculated, the difference representing a difference in length between the fold line non-parallel to the transverse glass fibers and the transverse glass fibers, the difference being used to evaluate whether the preset length is less than the total length. And determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the difference value, and if the difference value is larger than the preset difference value, indicating that the actual total length of the differential line is longer, namely judging that the preset length is smaller than the total length.

The purpose of this embodiment is to ensure that the design of the differential line meets the requirements of the actual circuit layout, ensure the rationality of the differential line length, and make corresponding adjustments to ensure the performance and stability of the circuit. The embodiment can help a designer to find and solve the problem of unreasonable differential line length in time in a design stage, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the design.

In one embodiment, determining whether the preset length is less than the total length based on the difference comprises:

if the ratio is greater than the preset ratio, the preset length is judged to be smaller than the total length.

In this embodiment, the step of determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the difference value includes calculating a ratio of the difference value to the projection length, and determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the ratio. The purpose of this step is to adjust the differential wires to the target length and angle of the zig-zag trace to ensure the suitability and feasibility of the wiring.

First, the projection of the folding line in the transverse direction is calculated according to the target length and the target angle, namely, the projection length obtained by projecting the folding line to the transverse design direction of the glass fiber. Then, a difference between the target length and the projected length is calculated, and the difference represents the deviation of the target length in the transverse direction of the glass fiber and the increase of the fold line length compared with the difference line length parallel to the transverse glass fiber.

Then, a ratio of the difference to the projected length is calculated, and by comparing the ratio with a preset ratio, it can be determined whether the preset length is smaller than the total length. If the ratio is larger than the preset ratio, the length of the characterization fold line is increased more than that of the differential line parallel to the transverse glass fiber, namely the total length of the differential line is longer, so that the preset length can be judged to be smaller than the total length, and the target angle and/or the target length need to be adjusted.

The purpose of this step is to determine whether the wiring meets the design requirement by comparing the offset condition of the difference with a preset ratio, and whether the target angle and length need to be adjusted to meet the actual wiring requirement. Therefore, the wiring scheme of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring can be ensured to be better adapted to design parameters and actual conditions, and the accuracy and reliability of wiring are improved.

when the preset length is judged to be smaller than the total length, acquiring a difference value between the total length and the preset length;

and determining that the target length is unchanged according to the difference value, and adjusting the angles of a plurality of folding lines in the difference line to be the target angle and the angles of the folding lines to be smaller than the target angle.

In this embodiment, a case is described in which after determining the target angle of the zigzag line, the target angle and/or the target length may need to be adjusted according to the preset length and the total length. Specifically, first, when it is determined that the preset length is smaller than the total length, a difference between the total length and the preset length needs to be obtained. This difference may reflect the difference between the actual length of the differential line and the predetermined length. And then, determining that the target length is unchanged according to the difference value, and adjusting the angle of each folding line in the Z-shaped wiring of the difference line, so that all folding lines comprise folding lines with a plurality of angles equal to the target angle and folding lines with a plurality of angles smaller than the target angle. Specifically, when the length of the folding line is unchanged, the angle becomes smaller, the number of cycles of the folding line is reduced, and the total length can be reduced. In other words, the difference between the preset total length and the actual length is satisfied by adjusting the routing angle of the folding line.

In addition, through the wiring mode, the fixed period of the Z-shaped wiring can be changed into an irregular period, so that energy of converted frequency is dispersed to surrounding frequency points, the energy is prevented from being concentrated in the converted frequency points, and the influence on signals is further reduced.

determining that the target length is unchanged according to the difference value, and adding a preset angle variable on the basis of the target angle to obtain an increased target angle;

wherein the total length determined according to the target length and the increased target angle is not greater than a preset length.

The present embodiment mainly relates to the step of adjusting the target angle and/or the target length when the preset length is smaller than the total length. Specifically, first, the total length needs to be compared with the preset length, and if the preset length is smaller than the total length, the difference between them can be calculated. This difference can reflect the deviation between the actual wiring length and the expected length. And under the condition that the target length is unchanged, adjusting according to the difference value, and obtaining the increased target angle by adding a preset angle variable. This step can ensure that the angular characteristics of the design requirements can still be met in consideration of the length deviation during the wiring process. Finally, it is necessary to recalculate the total length of the differential line according to the adjusted target length and angle, and to ensure that this total length does not exceed a preset length, to ensure the rationality and feasibility of the wiring.

In summary, the embodiment describes that, under the condition that the preset length is smaller than the total length, the difference line is ensured to meet the periodic characteristic of the design requirement according to the zigzag routing through calculating the difference value and adjusting the angle, and meanwhile, the constraint that the total length does not exceed the preset length is considered, so that the performance, the stability and the practicability of the circuit wiring are ensured to the greatest extent.

the angles of the folding lines are gradually reduced by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length.

The embodiment describes how to adjust the angle of the differential line according to the zigzag line, so as to meet the requirement that the angle of a plurality of folding lines in the differential line is a target angle and the angle of the plurality of folding lines is smaller than the target angle. Specifically, first, when wiring starts, a target angle is taken as an initial value of a broken line angle, and a preset angle variable is taken as a step length, and the angle of each broken line is adjusted by gradually reducing the angle. Through the steps, the fixed period of the Z-shaped wiring is changed into an irregular period, so that energy of converted frequency is dispersed to surrounding frequency points, the energy is prevented from being concentrated at the converted frequency points, and the influence on signals is further reduced.

In one embodiment, gradually reducing the angle of each fold line with the target angle as an initial value and with a preset angle variable as a step length includes:

gradually reducing the angles of the folding lines by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length until wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding line is not larger than a minimum preset angle, wherein the minimum preset angle is larger than zero.

The present embodiment explains in detail how to control the angle of the broken line trace to be reduced cycle by cycle with the target angle as an initial value and with a preset angle variable as a step length in each cycle.

First, the angle of the fold line needs to be initialized before starting the angle adjustment. Setting the target angle as an initial value, and determining a preset angle variable as a step size. A cyclic process of angular adjustment is started, each cycle being referred to as a period. At the beginning of each cycle, the angle of the polyline is equal to the target angle. In each period, the angles of the folding lines are adjusted by taking a preset angle variable as a step length and gradually reducing the angles. The angle of the next polyline is the angle of the current polyline minus a preset angle variable. After the wiring of the current folding line is completed, judging whether an ending condition is met, if so, ending the wiring, otherwise, continuously judging whether the angle of the current folding line is larger than the minimum preset angle. If the angle is larger than the minimum preset angle, continuing.

Referring to table 1, table 1 is a schematic table showing the target angle and the line length increase percentage:

TABLE 1

For example, a target angle of 14 degrees was calculated, the 14 degrees affecting about 3% of the line length, and 3% was considered unacceptable after evaluating the line length; the 14 degrees are suitably reduced, here by stepping 5 steps with 1 degree as the preset angle variable (i.e. with 1 degree as the stepping angle), until the design of the differential line is completed (i.e. ended), or the minimum preset angle is reached (e.g. 9 degrees). At this time, although the conversion frequency falls within the signal bandwidth, the energy is more dispersed, and the influence on the signal quality is reduced. The step angle and the step number may be defined according to the specific situation.

Through the steps, the adjustment that the angles of the differential lines according to the Z-shaped lines are gradually reduced by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking the preset angle variable as a step length can be realized. The adjustment strategy can flexibly control the angle of the folding line so as to meet the requirement of the length of the differential line which is not parallel to the design direction of the glass fiber in the design requirement.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

and when the angle of the folding line is not greater than the minimum preset angle, the step of gradually reducing the angle of each folding line by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length is re-entered until the wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding line is not greater than the minimum preset angle.

In this embodiment, the processing steps when the angle of the folding line is not greater than the minimum preset angle are described. In this case, the step of gradually decreasing the angle of the folding line with the target angle as an initial value and with the preset angle variable as a step length until the wiring is ended or until the angle of the folding line is not more than the minimum preset angle is re-entered.

For example, when the angle of the folding line is gradually reduced from 14 degrees to 9 degrees according to the above embodiment, the angle is gradually reduced from 14 degrees to 9 degrees again, and the above cycle is repeated until the design of the differential line is completed.

This means that when the trace of the differential line is designed, if the minimum preset angle is reached, the angle of the fold line still needs to be further adjusted to ensure that the differential line meets the design requirement, and the differential line can be ensured to finally meet the length requirement on the basis of ensuring the reliability of the signal by gradually reducing the angle, so that the differential line can normally transmit the target signal bandwidth and meet the design requirement.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

when the angle of the folding line is not larger than the minimum preset angle, the angle of the folding line is gradually increased by taking the minimum preset angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length, and after wiring is finished or the angle of the folding line reaches a target angle, the step of gradually reducing the angles of the folding lines by taking the target angle as the initial value and taking the preset angle variable as the step length is re-entered until the wiring is finished or the angle of the folding line is not larger than the minimum preset angle.

The embodiment describes a step of controlling the angle of the folding line to be gradually increased by taking the minimum preset angle as an initial value and taking the preset angle variable as a step length after the angle of the folding line reaches the minimum preset angle, until the target angle is reached, and then gradually decreasing the angle of each folding line by taking the target angle as the initial value and taking the preset angle variable as the step length until the angle of the folding line is not larger than the minimum preset angle.

Specifically, when the angle of the folding line reaches the minimum preset angle when the differential line is routed in a Z shape, the angle of the folding line is controlled to be gradually increased by taking the minimum preset angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length until the angle of the folding line reaches a target angle. Once the target angle is reached, according to the description, the angle of the folding line is controlled to be gradually reduced by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length until the angle of the folding line is not larger than a minimum preset angle.

For example, in the above embodiment, after the angle of the broken line is gradually reduced from 14 degrees to 9 degrees, if the wiring design for the differential line has not been completed, the angle is further gradually increased to 14 degrees, and this is repeated until the wiring is completed.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides a differential line design system, as shown in fig. 4, including:

An obtaining unit 41, configured to obtain a design parameter of a copper-clad plate, where the copper-clad plate includes a transverse glass fiber and a longitudinal glass fiber, a resin is filled between two adjacent glass fibers, and the design parameter includes at least a width of the resin between two adjacent glass fibers;

a length determining unit 42, configured to determine a target length of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, a target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and a design parameter, where the zigzag trace includes three sections of folding lines that are sequentially connected and have equal lengths, and the target length is a length of one section of folding line;

the angle determining unit 43 is configured to determine, according to the target length and the design parameter, a target angle of the differential line according to the zigzag line, where the target angle is an angle between each section of the folding line and the transverse glass fiber.

In one embodiment, the obtaining unit 41 is specifically configured to obtain a model of the copper-clad laminate, and determine the design parameter according to the model of the copper-clad laminate.

In one embodiment, the obtaining unit 41 is specifically configured to obtain a measurement parameter obtained by measuring the copper-clad plate sent by the user, and determine the design parameter according to the measurement parameter.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

and the bandwidth acquisition unit is used for acquiring the target signal bandwidth, determining the conversion frequency according to the target signal bandwidth, wherein the conversion frequency is outside the target signal bandwidth.

In one embodiment, the bandwidth obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain a target signal bandwidth, and determine a center frequency according to the target signal bandwidth; the center frequency is multiplied by a preset multiple to obtain a conversion frequency, wherein the preset multiple is any value between 1 and 3.

In one embodiment, the length determining unit 42 is specifically configured to determine the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag trace according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate.

In one embodiment, the length determining unit 42 is specifically configured to determine, according to a preset formula, a target length of the differential line according to the Z-type trace, according to a conversion frequency of the differential line according to the Z-type trace, a target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and a dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate;

In one embodiment, the angle determining unit 43 is specifically configured to determine, according to a design parameter, a target height of the differential line according to the zigzag trace, where the target height is a projection length of the broken line in the longitudinal direction; and determining the target angle of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the target height and the target length.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

and the visualization unit is used for performing visualization processing on the target angle and the target length.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

a total length calculation unit for calculating the total length of the differential line according to the determined target angle and target length;

a preset length acquiring unit for acquiring a preset length of the differential line;

and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

the length comparison unit is used for judging whether the preset length is smaller than the total length; if the total length is smaller than the total length, a signal is sent to the adjusting unit.

In one embodiment, the length comparison unit comprises:

a projection calculation unit for calculating a projection length of the folding line in the transverse direction according to the target length and the target angle;

a difference calculating unit for calculating a difference between the target length and the projection length;

the difference judging unit is used for determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the difference; if the difference is greater than the preset difference, the preset length is judged to be smaller than the total length.

In one embodiment, the difference judging unit is used for calculating the ratio of the difference value to the projection length according to the difference value; determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the ratio; if the ratio is greater than the preset ratio, the preset length is judged to be smaller than the total length.

In one embodiment, the adjusting unit is specifically configured to obtain a difference between the total length and the preset length when the preset length is determined to be smaller than the total length; and determining that the target length is unchanged according to the difference value, and adjusting the angles of a plurality of folding lines in the difference line to be the target angle and the angles of the folding lines to be smaller than the target angle.

In one embodiment, the adjusting unit is specifically configured to obtain a difference between the total length and the preset length when the preset length is determined to be smaller than the total length; determining that the target length is unchanged according to the difference value, and adding a preset angle variable on the basis of the target angle to obtain an increased target angle; wherein the total length determined according to the target length and the increased target angle is not greater than a preset length.

In one embodiment, the adjusting unit is specifically configured to gradually decrease the angle of each folding line with the target angle as an initial value and with a preset angle variable as a step length until the wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding line is not greater than a minimum preset angle, where the minimum preset angle is greater than zero degrees.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

and the first circulation unit is used for reentering the step of gradually reducing the angles of the folding lines by taking the target angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length until the wiring is finished or until the angles of the folding lines are not larger than the minimum preset angle when the angles of the differential lines which are arranged according to the Z shape are not larger than the minimum preset angle.

In one embodiment, further comprising:

and the second circulation unit is used for gradually increasing the angles of the folding lines by taking the minimum preset angle as an initial value and taking a preset angle variable as a step length when the angle of the differential line is not larger than the minimum preset angle according to the Z-shaped wiring, and gradually decreasing the angles of the folding lines by taking the target angle as the initial value and taking the preset angle variable as the step length until the wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding lines is not larger than the minimum preset angle after the wiring is finished or until the angle of the folding lines reaches the target angle.

For the description of the differential line design system, please refer to the above embodiment, and the description is omitted herein.

In a third aspect, the present application further provides a differential line design apparatus, as shown in fig. 5, including:

a memory 51 for storing a computer program;

The processor 52 is configured to implement the steps of the differential line design method described above when executing the computer program.

For the description of the differential line design device, refer to the above embodiment, and the description is omitted herein.

In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium 61, as shown in fig. 6, where the computer readable storage medium 61 stores a computer program 62, and the computer program 62 implements the steps of the differential line design method described above when executed by a processor.

For the description of the computer-readable storage medium 61, reference is made to the above embodiments, and the description thereof is omitted here.

It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A differential line design method, comprising:

2. The differential line design method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining design parameters of the copper-clad plate comprises:

3. The differential line design method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining design parameters of the copper-clad plate comprises:

4. The differential line design method according to claim 1, wherein before determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and the design parameter, further comprising:

5. The differential line design method according to claim 4, wherein obtaining the target signal bandwidth, determining the switching frequency from the target signal bandwidth, comprises:

6. The differential line design method according to claim 1, wherein determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring based on the switching frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and the design parameter comprises:

7. The differential line design method according to claim 6, wherein determining the target length of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring according to the conversion frequency of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring, the target signal bandwidth of the differential line, and the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate comprises:

the preset formula is as follows:the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein zig is the target length, c is the speed of light, f is the switching frequency, ++>The dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate is the dielectric constant of the copper-clad plate.

8. The differential line design method according to claim 1, wherein determining the target angle of the differential line according to the zigzag wiring based on the target length and the design parameter comprises:

determining a target height of the differential line according to the Z-shaped wiring according to the design parameters, wherein the target height is the projection length of the fold line in the longitudinal direction;

9. The differential line design method according to claim 8, wherein the differential line has a target height of N widths of the resin according to a zigzag wiring, N being greater than 1.

10. The differential line design method according to claim 1, further comprising, after determining a target angle of the differential line according to a zigzag trace according to the target length and the design parameter:

11. The differential line design method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising, after determining a target angle at which the differential line is routed in a zigzag pattern according to the target length and the design parameter:

acquiring a preset length of the differential line;

12. The differential line design method according to claim 11, further comprising, before adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length:

judging whether the preset length is smaller than the total length;

13. The differential line design method according to claim 12, wherein determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length comprises:

calculating a difference between the target length and the projection length;

14. The differential line design method according to claim 13, wherein determining whether the preset length is smaller than the total length according to the difference value comprises:

15. The differential line design method according to claim 12, wherein adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length comprises:

16. The differential line design method according to claim 12, wherein adjusting the target angle and/or the target length according to the preset length and the total length comprises:

17. The differential line design method according to claim 15, wherein adjusting the angles of the plurality of fold lines in the differential line to the target angle and the angles of the plurality of fold lines to be smaller than the target angle comprises:

18. The differential line design method according to claim 17, wherein gradually decreasing the angle of each of the folding lines with the target angle as an initial value and with a preset angle variable as a step size, comprises:

19. The differential line design method according to claim 18, further comprising:

20. The differential line design method according to claim 18, further comprising:

21. A differential line design system, comprising:

22. A differential line design apparatus, comprising:

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for implementing the steps of the differential line design method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 20 when executing a computer program.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the differential line design method of any one of claims 1 to 20.