CN117364022A - Preparation method of cutter coating and cutter - Google Patents
Preparation method of cutter coating and cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN117364022A CN117364022A CN202311665339.9A CN202311665339A CN117364022A CN 117364022 A CN117364022 A CN 117364022A CN 202311665339 A CN202311665339 A CN 202311665339A CN 117364022 A CN117364022 A CN 117364022A
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 126
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000001840 Dandruff Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
- C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a cutter coating and a cutter, wherein the preparation method of the cutter coating comprises the following steps: selecting a matrix material; plating a first material layer on a substrate material by adopting a PVD process, wherein the first material layer is an AlCrN layer; and plating a second material layer on one side of the first material layer far away from the matrix material by adopting a PVD process, wherein the second material layer is a ZrN layer. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the problem of short service life of the cutter caused by easy failure of the cutter coating in the prior art can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coatings, in particular to a preparation method of a cutter coating and a cutter.
Background
Titanium alloys are widely used in various fields because of their high strength, good corrosion resistance, low density, etc. Such as in the aerospace and medical fields; titanium alloys are becoming more and more popular in consumer electronics in the present year, and some parts such as mobile phones and watches are made of titanium alloys. Titanium alloys are increasingly being used, so that the market demand for processing titanium alloy cutter coatings is also increasing.
There is much research on processing titanium alloy cutter coating, one coating scheme is thatAnd plating an arc coating on the cutter substrate, wherein the arc coating adopts an AlTiN material layer as a priming layer and adopts ZrN as a functional layer. The AlTiN of the coating structure priming layer has good binding force with the cutter base material, and forms a layer of compact Al with strong cohesiveness on the surface of the coating due to the action of heat in the cutting process 2 O 3 The protective film prevents oxygen from further diffusing into the inner layer of the coating, thereby having high-temperature oxidation resistance. The functional layer ZrN has the characteristic of low friction coefficient and has low affinity with titanium alloy; the heat generation and the phenomenon of accumulated dandruff are effectively reduced in the processing process.
In this technique, the underlayer AlTiN thickness is about 0.7 μm, and the functional layer ZrN thickness is also 0.7 μm. After the ZrN coating is completely worn in the processing process, alTiN participates in the cutting of the titanium alloy, and the AlTiN has excellent high temperature resistance. But has strong affinity with titanium alloy, and the abrasion form is changed from abrasive particle abrasion to bonding abrasion when the tool is used for cutting. The AlTiN built-up phenomenon of the rear cutter surface of the cutter is serious, a large coating is taken away by built-up tumors, and the coating cannot well protect a base material. After the coating is worn, the base material participates in the cutting of the titanium alloy, and the cutting edge of the cutter is worn rapidly, so that the tipping phenomenon is caused, and the service life of the cutter still needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of a cutter coating and a cutter, which are used for solving the problem of short service life of the cutter caused by easy failure of the cutter coating in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a coating for a cutter, comprising: selecting a matrix material; plating a first material layer on a substrate material by adopting a PVD process, wherein the first material layer is an AlCrN layer; and plating a second material layer on one side of the first material layer far away from the matrix material by adopting a PVD process, wherein the second material layer is a ZrN layer.
In one embodiment, the first material layer comprises a plurality of bonding layers in a stacked arrangement, and the method of plating the first material layer on the base material using a PVD process comprises: each bonding layer is plated by adopting a PVD process in sequence, and the method for plating the single bonding layer comprises the following steps: placing AlCr target material in molecular pump with frequency of 72% and pressure of 72%2 .5×10 -1 Treating in nitrogen atmosphere with mbar, arc current of 150A, bias voltage of preset voltage and temperature of 480 ℃ for preset time, N 2 The flow rate was 1200sccm and the ratio of the amounts of Al to Cr species in the alcr target was 70/30, where the closer to the second material layer the greater the bias voltage required for the bond layer to coat.
In one embodiment, the plurality of bonding layers includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer, and a third bonding layer, the first bonding layer is plated on the substrate, a bias voltage required for plating the first bonding layer is 40V, a treatment time is 40±2min, a bias voltage required for plating the second bonding layer is 80V, a treatment time is 2min, a bias voltage required for plating the third bonding layer is 1200V, and a treatment time is 30±2min.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the first material layer is between 1.0 and 1.2 μm.
In one embodiment, the method of preparing the tool coating between plating the first material layer and plating the second material layer further comprises: and plating a transition layer by adopting a PVD process, wherein the transition layer is an AlCrN/ZrN composite layer.
In one embodiment, a method of plating a transition layer using a PVD process includes: the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 In a nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 150A, bias voltage of 120V and temperature of 480 ℃; simultaneously, the Zr target material is placed at the molecular pump frequency of 72 percent and the pressure of 2.5x10 -1 Treating 2min in nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 80V and temperature of 480 DEG C 2 The ratio of the amount of Al to Cr substances in the AlCr target material with the flow rate of 1400SCCM was 70/30.
In one embodiment, a method of plating a second material layer includes: placing Zr target material in molecular pump with frequency of 72% and pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating 40+ -2 min, N in nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 100V and temperature of 480 DEG C 2 The flow rate was 1200SCCM.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the second material layer is between 1.0 and 1.2 μm.
In one embodiment, the base is selectedThe preparation method of the cutter coating between the bulk material and the first material plating layer further comprises the following steps: placing the matrix material in vacuum coating equipment, and adjusting the vacuum degree of the equipment to 8×10 -5 mbar, heating for 60min, and raising the temperature to 460-480 ℃.
In one embodiment, the matrix material is cemented carbide.
There is also provided in accordance with another aspect of the present invention a tool comprising: a base material; the coating is prepared by the preparation method of the cutter coating.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the ZrN layer obtained by adopting the PVD process has the following two advantages: first, low coefficient of friction, the coefficient of friction is low to help to reduce the heat that rubs and produces between tool and the material being processed, therefore can reduce the heat that expands to the base material; second, the affinity with the processed material (titanium alloy) is low, and the low affinity makes the abrasion form of the cutter abrasive particle abrasion during cutting, and the coating is not easy to be taken away by the abrasive particle. The AlCrN layer obtained by adopting the PVD process has excellent high temperature resistance, red hardness and oxidation resistance, so that the service life of the AlCrN layer is longer. In addition, in the processing process, after the ZrN layer is completely worn, the AlCrN layer participates in the cutting of the titanium alloy, and because the affinity between the AlCrN layer and the titanium alloy is low, the wear form of the AlCrN layer is still abrasive particles when the cutter is used for cutting, so that a large coating is prevented from being taken away, the wear resistance of the AlCrN layer is improved, the coating is not easy to fail, and the service life of the cutter is further prolonged.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a partial enlarged view of a section of a tool produced according to an example of a method for producing a tool coating according to the invention.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
1. a base material; 10. a first material layer; 11. a bonding layer; 20. a second material layer; 30. and a transition layer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other environments. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present invention, the method for preparing the tool coating includes: selecting a matrix material 1; plating a first material layer 10 on a base material 1 by adopting a PVD process, wherein the first material layer 10 is an AlCrN layer; the second material layer 20 is plated by PVD process on the side of the first material layer 10 remote from the base material 1, the second material layer 20 being a ZrN layer.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the ZrN layer obtained by adopting the PVD process has the following two advantages: first, the low friction coefficient is favorable for reducing the heat generated by friction between the cutter and the processed material, therefore can reduce the heat spreading to the base material 1; second, the affinity with the processed material (titanium alloy) is low, and the low affinity makes the abrasion form of the cutter abrasive particle abrasion during cutting, and the coating is not easy to be taken away by the abrasive particle. The AlCrN layer obtained by adopting the PVD process has excellent red hardness and oxidation resistance, so that the service life of the AlCrN layer is longer. In addition, in the processing process, after the ZrN layer is completely worn, the AlCrN layer participates in the cutting of the titanium alloy, and because the affinity between the AlCrN layer and the titanium alloy is low, the wear form of the AlCrN layer is still abrasive particles when the cutter is used for cutting, so that a large coating is prevented from being taken away, the wear resistance of the AlCrN layer is improved, the coating is not easy to fail, and the service life of the cutter is further prolonged.
In the present invention, the first material layer 10 includes a plurality of bonding layers 11 arranged in a stacked manner, and the method of plating the first material layer 10 on the base material 1 using the PVD process includes: each bonding layer 11 is plated by adopting a PVD process in turn, and the method for plating the single bonding layer 11 comprises the following steps: the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating in nitrogen atmosphere with mbar, arc current of 150A, bias voltage of preset voltage and temperature of 480 ℃ for preset time, N 2 The flow rate was 1200sccm and the ratio of the amounts of Al to Cr substances in the alcr target was 70/30, wherein the closer to the second material layer 20 the greater the bias voltage required for the bond layer 11 during coating. The stress and hardness of the first material layer 10 by the above preparation methodThe binding force and the like are improved.
In the present invention, the plurality of bonding layers 11 includes a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer, and a third bonding layer, the first bonding layer is plated on the base material 1, the first bonding layer requires a bias voltage of 40V at the time of plating, the treatment time is 40±2min, the second bonding layer requires a bias voltage of 80V at the time of plating, the treatment time is 2min, the third bonding layer requires a bias voltage of 120V at the time of plating, and the treatment time is 30±2min. The above preparation method is further improved in stress, hardness, binding force, etc. of the first material layer 10.
In the present invention, the thickness of the first material layer 10 is between 1.0 and 1.2 μm.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present invention, between the plating of the first material layer 10 and the plating of the second material layer 20, the method for preparing the tool coating further includes: the PVD process is adopted to plate the transition layer 30, and the transition layer 30 is an AlCrN/ZrN composite layer. The above-described preparation method allows for better bonding between the first material layer 10 and the second material layer 20.
In the present invention, the method of plating the transition layer 30 using the PVD process includes: the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 In a nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 150A, bias voltage of 120V and temperature of 480 ℃; simultaneously, the Zr target material is placed at the molecular pump frequency of 72 percent and the pressure of 2.5x10 -1 Treating 2min in nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 80V and temperature of 480 DEG C 2 The ratio of the amount of Al to Cr substances in the AlCr target material with the flow rate of 1400SCCM was 70/30. The above preparation method improves the stress, hardness, bonding force, etc. of the transition layer 30.
In the present invention, the method of plating the second material layer 20 using the PVD process includes: placing Zr target material in molecular pump with frequency of 72% and pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating 40+ -2 min, N in nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 100V and temperature of 480 DEG C 2 The flow rate was 1200SCCM. The above-described preparation method improves the stress, hardness, bonding force, etc. of the second material layer 20.
In the present invention, the thickness of the second material layer 20 is between 1.0 and 1.2 μm. Too thick a layer 20 of the second material will affect a greater coefficient of friction and too thin and not wear resistant.
In the present invention, between the selection of the base material 1 and the plating of the first material layer 10, the preparation method of the tool coating further comprises: cleaning the substrate 1, placing the substrate 1 in a vacuum coating device, and adjusting the vacuum degree of the device to be 8 multiplied by 10 -5 mbar, heating for 60min, and raising the temperature to 460-480 ℃. The preparation method can carry out vacuumizing and heating treatment on the substrate material 1, thereby facilitating subsequent coating.
It should be noted that the present invention is not a simple combination of AlCrN and ZrN. The present application is directed to tool coatings developed for processing titanium alloy materials. The selected coating structure and target fully consider the processing characteristics of the titanium alloy, and the coating has been subjected to strict internal tests. In particular, the effect of the combination of different targets (structures) is affected by many factors, such as deposition temperature, magnetic field parameters, cathode, bias voltage, gas flow ion source, etc. Different parameters produce completely different effects. The difficulty of combining AlCrN and ZrN is the following three points: firstly, obtaining excellent binding force of AlCrN and ZrN, and ensuring that the demolding phenomenon does not occur in the cutting process of the cutter; secondly, through optimizing process parameters, the liquid drops of AlCrN/ZrN deposited by electric arc are reduced, and the friction coefficient is reduced; thirdly, controlling the deposition time of each layer of coating, and obtaining the optimal combination of cutting edge sharpness, low friction coefficient and coating wear resistance on the premise of ensuring that the cutting edge of the cutter does not fall off the film.
In the present invention, the base material 1 is cemented carbide. Specifically, the base material 1 of the present invention is used for cemented carbide, high-speed steel cutters including blades, milling cutters, drills, reamers, and the like.
The following is a description of specific embodiments:
the preparation method of the cutter coating in the first embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. selecting and cleaning a matrix material 1, firstly placing the matrix material 1 in a vacuum coating device, and adjusting the vacuum degree of the device to be 8 multiplied by 10 -5 mbar, heating for 60min to raise the temperature to 470 ℃, wherein the matrix material 1 can be selected from hard materialsPreparing a mass alloy for later use;
2. plating a first bonding layer by adopting a PVD process: the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating in nitrogen atmosphere with arc current of 150A, bias voltage of 40V and temperature of 480 deg.C for 40min to obtain first bonding layer on substrate 1, N 2 The flow rate was 1200SCCM. The ratio of the amount of substances of Al and Cr in the AlCr target material is 70/30;
3. plating a second bonding layer by adopting a PVD process: the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating in nitrogen atmosphere with arc current of 150A, bias voltage of 80V and temperature of 480 deg.C for 2min to obtain second bonding layer on substrate 1, N 2 The flow rate was 1200SCCM. The ratio of the amount of substances of Al and Cr in the AlCr target material is 70/30;
4. plating a third bonding layer by adopting a PVD process: the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating in nitrogen atmosphere with arc current of 150A, bias voltage of 120V and temperature of 480 deg.C for 30min to obtain a third bonding layer on the substrate 1, N 2 The flow rate was 1200SCCM. The ratio of the amount of substances of Al and Cr in the AlCr target material is 70/30; the total thickness of the first material layer 10 is 1.1 μm.
5. The transitional layer 30 is plated using a PVD process: the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 mbar, arc current 150A, bias voltage 120V; simultaneously, the Zr target material is placed at the molecular pump frequency of 72 percent and the pressure of 2.5 multiplied by 10 -1 Treating in nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 80V and temperature of 480 ℃ for 2min to obtain transition layer 30; n (N) 2 The flow rate is 1400SCCM; the ratio of the amounts of Al and Cr substances in the AlCr target is 70/30.
6. Plating the second material layer 20 using a PVD process: placing Zr target material in molecular pump with frequency of 72% and pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating in nitrogen atmosphere with arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 100V and temperature of 480 ℃ for 40min to obtain a second material layer 20; n (N) 2 The flow is 1200SCCM; the total thickness of the second material layer 20 is 1.1 μm.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example two differs from example one only in that: in the first bond coat plating, the treatment was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 480℃for 38min.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example three differs from example one only in that: in plating the first bonding layer, the treatment was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 480℃for 42min.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example four differs from example one only in that: in plating the third bond coat, the treatment was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 480℃for 28min.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example five differs from example one only in that: in plating the third bond coat, the process was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 480 ℃ for 32min.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example six differs from example one only in that: the total thickness of the first material layer 10 is 1.0 μm.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example seven differs from example one only in that: the total thickness of the first material layer 10 is 1.2 μm.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example eight differs from example one only in that: the total thickness of the second material layer 20 is 1.0 μm.
The method of preparing the tool coating of example nine differs from example one only in that: the total thickness of the second material layer 20 is 1.2 μm.
The experimental results of examples one to nine are as follows:
example one, at S6000, F600, ap=2.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 30.46 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 58.87 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. Wherein, S6000 refers to the rotation speed of the main shaft of 6000r/min; f600 means that the feed amount is 600 mm/r. Ap refers to the cutting depth and ae refers to the cutting width. D4 refers to the blade diameter; h11 refers to the blade length; d6 refers to the top diameter; 50L refers to the total length. D4, H11, D6 and 50L are all in mm. It should be noted that the tool in the prior art used in the present experiment includes a substrate and a coating layer disposed on the substrate, the coating layer includes a first material layer close to the substrate and a second material layer far away from the substrate, the first material layer is an AlTiN layer, the second material layer is a ZrN layer, and thicknesses of the first material layer and the second material layer are both 1.1 μm.
Example two, at S4777, F477, ap=2.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 33.63 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 64.35 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The meanings of the letters of the processing conditions described in this embodiment and the following embodiments are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described again. The prior art tool used in this experiment was the same as the tool parameters used in the experiment of example one.
Example three, at S5000, F520, ap=2.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 26.15 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 49.09 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The prior art tool used in this experiment was the same as the tool parameters used in the experiment of example one.
Example four, at S4777, F477, ap=2.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 34.32 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 64.35 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The prior art tool used in this experiment was the same as the tool parameters used in the experiment of example one.
Example five, at S8000, F800, ap=2.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 40.23 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 76.09 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The prior art tool used in this experiment was the same as the tool parameters used in the experiment of example one.
Example six, at S9000, F900, ap=2.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, working time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: the flank wear in the prior art was 43.98 μm: 85.04 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The prior art tool used in this experiment was different from the tool used in the experiment of example one in that the total thickness of the first material layer was 1.0 μm.
Example seven, at S11000, F1200, ap=1.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 39.49 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 80.87 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The prior art tool used in this experiment was different from the tool used in the experiment of example one in that the total thickness of the first material layer was 1.2 μm.
Example eight, at S4777, F477, ap=2.5 mm, ae:0.8mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 21.92 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 40.35 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The prior art tool used in this experiment was different from the tool used in the experiment of example one in that the total thickness of the second material layer was 1.0 μm.
Example nine, at S4777, F477, ap=2mm, ae:1.2mm, side milling, processing time: 70min, cutter: the flank wear amount of this example was measured under the conditions of d4×h11×d6×50l: 26.83 μm, flank wear in the prior art: 50.65 μm. The abrasion loss of the flank surface is obviously reduced, so that the service life is prolonged. The prior art tool used in this experiment was different from the tool used in the experiment of example one in that the total thickness of the second material layer was 1.2 μm.
The service life of the cutter manufactured by the technical scheme of the embodiment is 1.8 to 2.0 times of that of the cutter in the prior art.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
the coating is designed for a cutter for processing titanium alloy, and the structure of the coating is as follows: priming AlCrN and a functional layer ZrN. When ZrN is worn, the AlCrN coating has high hardness and good red hardness, the AlCrN coating always maintains good hardness when the titanium alloy is processed, the affinity of the AlCrN and processed materials is poorer than that of AlTiN, the phenomenon of accumulation of the chip is more slight, the AlCrN is not easy to be taken away by the accumulation of the chip, and the coating can play a role in sustainable heat isolation and substrate protection.
The present invention also provides a tool, an embodiment of which according to the present invention comprises: a base material 1 and a coating. Wherein the coating is prepared by the preparation method of the cutter coating. The cutter has long cutting life.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method of preparing a tool coating comprising:
selecting a matrix material (1);
plating a first material layer (10) on the base material (1) by adopting a PVD process, wherein the first material layer (10) is an AlCrN layer;
and plating a second material layer (20) on one side of the first material layer (10) far away from the matrix material (1) by adopting a PVD process, wherein the second material layer (20) is a ZrN layer.
2. The method of manufacturing a tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the first material layer (10) comprises a plurality of bonding layers (11) arranged one above the other, the method of plating the first material layer (10) on the base material (1) using a PVD process comprising:
each bonding layer (11) is plated by adopting a PVD process in turn, and the method for plating the bonding layers (11) comprises the following steps:
the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating in nitrogen atmosphere with mbar, arc current of 150A, bias voltage of preset voltage and temperature of 480 ℃ for preset time, N 2 The flow rate is 1200SCCM, the ratio of the amount of substances of Al to Cr in the AlCr target is 70/30, wherein the closer to the second material layer (20), the greater the bias voltage required for the bonding layer (11) during film plating.
3. The method of producing a tool coating according to claim 2, characterized in that the plurality of bonding layers (11) comprises a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer and a third bonding layer, the first bonding layer being plated on the base material (1), the bias voltage required for plating the first bonding layer being 40V, the treatment time being 40±2min, the bias voltage required for plating the second bonding layer being 80V, the treatment time being 2min, the bias voltage required for plating the third bonding layer being 1200V, the treatment time being 30±2min.
4. The method of producing a tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the first material layer (10) is between 1.0 and 1.2 μm.
5. The method of preparing a tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that between plating the first material layer (10) and plating the second material layer (20), the method of preparing a tool coating further comprises:
and plating a transition layer (30) by adopting a PVD process, wherein the transition layer (30) is an AlCrN/ZrN composite layer.
6. The method of producing a tool coating according to claim 5, characterized in that the method of plating the transition layer (30) using a PVD process comprises:
the AlCr target is placed at a molecular pump frequency of 72% and a pressure of 2.5X10 -1 In a nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 150A, bias voltage of 120V and temperature of 480 ℃; simultaneously, the Zr target material is placed at the molecular pump frequency of 72 percent and the pressure of 2.5x10 -1 Treating 2min in nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 80V and temperature of 480 DEG C 2 The flow rate is 1400SCCM, and the ratio of the amount of substances of Al and Cr in the AlCr target material is 70/30.
7. The method of producing a tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the method of plating the second material layer (20) comprises:
placing Zr target material in molecular pump with frequency of 72% and pressure of 2.5X10 -1 Treating 40+ -2 min, N in nitrogen environment with mbar, arc current of 180A, bias voltage of 100V and temperature of 480 DEG C 2 The flow rate was 1200SCCM.
8. The method of producing a tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the second material layer (20) is between 1.0 and 1.2 μm.
9. The method of producing a tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that between selecting the base material (1) and plating the first material layer (10), the method of producing a tool coating further comprises:
placing the substrate material (1) in a vacuum coating device, and adjusting the vacuum degree of the device to be 8 multiplied by 10 -5 mbar, heating for 60min, and raising the temperature to 460-480 ℃.
10. A method of producing a tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the base material (1) is cemented carbide.
11. A tool, comprising:
a base material (1);
a coating, characterized in that it is a coating produced by the process for producing a coating for a tool according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311665339.9A CN117364022A (en) | 2023-12-06 | 2023-12-06 | Preparation method of cutter coating and cutter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311665339.9A CN117364022A (en) | 2023-12-06 | 2023-12-06 | Preparation method of cutter coating and cutter |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104789933A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-22 | 重庆文理学院 | Nano composite coating and deposition method thereof |
| WO2019152936A1 (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-08 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Tribological optimized cutter tool for milling titanium or titanium alloys |
| CN111020475A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 苏州星蓝纳米技术有限公司 | Novel AT coating |
| CN114318226A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 广东工业大学 | AlCrN/WN multilayer structure hard coating for titanium alloy cutting and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116334538A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-06-27 | 深圳市海洲数控机械刀具有限公司 | ZrN-CrAlN composite coating with combination of equiaxed crystal and columnar crystal, preparation method and application |
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2023
- 2023-12-06 CN CN202311665339.9A patent/CN117364022A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104789933A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-22 | 重庆文理学院 | Nano composite coating and deposition method thereof |
| WO2019152936A1 (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-08 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Tribological optimized cutter tool for milling titanium or titanium alloys |
| CN111020475A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 苏州星蓝纳米技术有限公司 | Novel AT coating |
| CN114318226A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 广东工业大学 | AlCrN/WN multilayer structure hard coating for titanium alloy cutting and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116334538A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-06-27 | 深圳市海洲数控机械刀具有限公司 | ZrN-CrAlN composite coating with combination of equiaxed crystal and columnar crystal, preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20240109 |