CN117363832A - Continuous and safe treatment system and method for converter flue gas - Google Patents
Continuous and safe treatment system and method for converter flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN117363832A CN117363832A CN202311371259.2A CN202311371259A CN117363832A CN 117363832 A CN117363832 A CN 117363832A CN 202311371259 A CN202311371259 A CN 202311371259A CN 117363832 A CN117363832 A CN 117363832A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- waste heat
- converter
- flue
- heat boiler
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 217
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 217
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 converter body 1 Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
- C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
- C21C2100/02—Treatment of the exhaust gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system and a continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment method. The flue gas pretreatment device is adopted, so that the flue gas generated intermittently can be stably and continuously output, the influence of the flue gas fluctuation on the operation stability of the waste heat recovery device is avoided, higher-quality steam can be generated, the service life of the waste heat recovery device can be effectively prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced; meanwhile, the high-temperature combustible gas can be mixed and reacted with air above the self-ignition point, so that the temperature condition of the explosion of the combustible gas is avoided, and the safety problem in the gas recovery process is also avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking, and particularly relates to a continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system and method.
Background
Converter steelmaking is the current most main steelmaking mode, and accounts for more than 85% in China, and the process is complex high-temperature oxidation reaction mainly comprising carbon and oxygen reactions, so that a large amount of high-temperature dust-containing flue gas can be generated.
The converter can generate a great deal of smoke, and the main components of the smoke areIs divided into CO (about 66 percent) and CO 2 (about 16%) and N 2 About 17%, also small amounts of O 2 And Ar; since the converter fume contains a large amount of CO, the converter fume is also called converter gas, the initial temperature of the converter gas is about 1600 ℃, and the converter gas contains a large amount of dust generated by steelmaking, and the dust content is about 80-150 g/m 3 The main component of the dust is FeO, fe, caO, mnO, siO 2 C, etc.; the converter gas has the characteristics of inflammability and explosiveness, and the explosion generating conditions are as follows: 1) The CO content is within the explosion limit; 2) CO and O below the self-ignition point (650 ℃ C.) 2 Mixing; 3) An open flame (reaching minimum ignition energy) is encountered.
There are two most common methods for treating converter flue gas: the first method is an OG method, also called wet dedusting, and the main process is that the flue gas of a converter at about 1600 ℃ is subjected to waste heat recovery through a vaporization flue, a large amount of water is sprayed when the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 900 ℃, meanwhile, the coarse dedusting and explosion-proof effects are achieved, and the venturi tube is further adopted to spray water for fine dedusting, then the coal gas with high heat value and low oxygen content is recovered, and the coal gas with low heat value or high oxygen content is ignited and emptied; the second is dry dedusting, mainly comprising LT method and DDS method, the main flow is to recycle waste heat of converter smoke gas at 1600 deg.C through vaporizing flue, spray water mist to cool when the temperature of smoke gas is reduced to 900 deg.C, then fine dedusting through electric dust collector, recycling high quality gas, igniting low quality gas and evacuating.
The dust removal mode of the converter flue gas is not truly full dry dust removal in nature, and in order to prevent the explosion of the converter gas below the self-ignition point, the waste heat of the high temperature section (1600-900 ℃) of the converter flue gas is recycled and then the waste heat of the temperature (900-200 ℃) of the converter flue gas is completely wasted due to the water spraying treatment mode. In addition, because the converter smelting is intermittent operation, the generation and treatment of converter flue gas are intermittent, and high-temperature combustible flue gas and air in a flue gas treatment system alternately appear, two disadvantages are brought to the system operation, firstly, the intermittent flue gas heat enables the steam generated by a vaporization cooling flue to be in a fluctuation state, and high-quality superheated steam cannot be produced; secondly, the high-temperature combustible flue gas and air alternately flow into the flue gas treatment system can cause more potential safety hazards, especially explosion risks. The prior patent literature discloses a plurality of methods for recovering low-temperature waste heat in converter flue gas, but the problem of intermittent transmission of high-temperature combustible flue gas is not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system and method, which at least can solve part of defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a continuous safe processing system of converter flue gas, includes converter body, vaporization cooling flue, flue gas preprocessing device and waste heat recovery device, flue gas preprocessing device includes confined cavity, the cavity top is equipped with flue gas import and flue gas export, the cavity is inside to be equipped with movable baffle, the cavity bottom is equipped with the dust exhaust mouth, be close to flue gas exit on the cavity and be equipped with air inlet, the export of converter body through vaporization cooling flue with the flue gas import intercommunication of cavity, the flue gas export of cavity with waste heat recovery device connects.
Further, the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet are positioned on the same side of the movable partition, and the distance between the flue gas inlet and the movable partition is smaller than the distance between the flue gas outlet and the movable partition.
Further, at least one dust removing baffle is arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet.
Further, the flue gas outlet of the cavity is connected with the waste heat recovery device through a heat insulation flue.
Further, a coarse ash bin is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation flue.
Further, the waste heat recovery device comprises a split type waste heat boiler and a fine dust removal mechanism, the split type waste heat boiler is provided with a middle-high temperature section and a low temperature section, the fine dust removal mechanism is connected between the middle-high temperature section and the low temperature section of the split type waste heat boiler, and the flue gas outlet is communicated with a middle-high temperature section inlet of the split type waste heat boiler.
Further, the middle and high temperature sections of the split type waste heat boiler are vertically arranged, the lower part of the split type waste heat boiler is an air inlet, the upper part of the split type waste heat boiler is an air outlet, and a plurality of smooth surface heat exchange tube bundles which are transversely arranged at intervals are arranged in the split type waste heat boiler; a plurality of serpentine water cooling pipes with fins are arranged in the low-temperature section of the split type waste heat boiler; the middle and high temperature sections and the low temperature Duan Gongyong of the split waste heat boiler are a steam drum.
Further, the fine dust removing mechanism comprises a dust collecting box body and a ceramic fiber filter cylinder arranged in the dust collecting box body.
Further, the continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system further comprises a fan, wherein the fan is connected with the outlet of the waste heat recovery device, and the air outlet end of the fan is connected with a diffusing chimney.
In addition, the invention also provides a continuous and safe treatment method for converter flue gas, which adopts the treatment system and comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out radiation heat exchange on flue gas generated by a converter body through a vaporization cooling flue so as to reduce the temperature of the flue gas from 1450-1650 ℃ to 900 ℃;
s2, enabling outlet flue gas of the vaporization cooling flue to enter a flue gas pretreatment device, moving a movable baffle plate in the flue gas pretreatment device to be far away from a flue gas inlet side when the flue gas flow is large, storing and transporting excessive high-temperature flue gas, moving the movable baffle plate in the flue gas pretreatment device to the flue gas inlet side when the flue gas flow is small or in a smelting intermittent period, slowly releasing the stored high-temperature flue gas, and enabling the flue gas at the flue gas outlet to flow out always at a stable flow rate and a stable flow velocity;
s3, mixing high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas pretreatment device with air flowing in from an air inlet at a flue gas outlet and burning combustible gas;
s4, enabling the flue gas treated in the step S3 to enter a waste heat recovery device for convective heat exchange.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system provided by the invention adopts the flue gas pretreatment device, so that the flue gas generated intermittently can be stably and continuously output, the influence of flue gas fluctuation on the operation stability of the waste heat recovery device is avoided, higher-quality steam can be generated, the service life of the waste heat recovery device can be effectively prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced; meanwhile, the high-temperature combustible flue gas is mixed with air above the self-ignition point and reacts with the air through the flue gas pretreatment device, so that the temperature condition of the explosion of the combustible gas is effectively avoided, and various safety problems in the conventional gas recovery process are also avoided.
(2) The continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system provided by the invention adopts the structural form of the split type waste heat boiler to recycle waste heat, and simultaneously, the fine dust removal mechanism is arranged between the middle and high temperature sections and the low temperature section of the split type waste heat boiler, so that the low temperature Duan Zhendui clean flue gas exchanges heat, and the problems of dust accumulation, bridging, serious blockage or abrasion, water leakage and the like existing in the existing waste heat boiler when the dust-containing waste gas is recycled can be avoided.
(3) The continuous and safe treatment system for the converter flue gas can effectively recover most of chemical heat and sensible heat in the converter flue gas, and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of the converter; the dust content in the discharged flue gas can be less than 10mg/m by adopting a filtering type dust removing mode 3 The requirement of ultra-low emission is met.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuous safe treatment system for converter flue gas according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas pretreatment device in the continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a converter body; 2. a smoke hood; 3. vaporization cooling flue; 4. a flue gas pretreatment device; 5. a thermally insulated flue; 6. a coarse ash bin; 7. a medium-high temperature section; 8. a fine dust removing mechanism; 9. a fine ash bin; 10. a low temperature section; 11. a steam drum; 12. a blower; 13. a diffusing chimney; 41. a cavity; 42. a movable partition; 43. a flue gas inlet; 44. a dust removal baffle; 45. a flue gas outlet; 46. an air inflow port; 47. and a dust exhaust port.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or by an abutting connection or integrally connected; the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in detail by those skilled in the art; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a continuous safe processing system of converter flue gas, including converter body 1, vaporization cooling flue 3, flue gas preprocessing device 4 and waste heat recovery device, flue gas preprocessing device 4 includes confined cavity 41, cavity 41 top is equipped with flue gas import 43 and flue gas export 45, the inside movable baffle 42 that is equipped with of cavity 41, cavity 41 bottom is equipped with dust exhaust port 47, be close to flue gas export 45 department on the cavity 41 and be equipped with air inlet 46, the export of converter body 1 through vaporization cooling flue 3 with the flue gas import 43 intercommunication of cavity 41, the flue gas export 45 of cavity 41 with waste heat recovery device connects. During operation, the flue gas generated by the converter body 1 enters the flue gas pretreatment device 4 after being cooled by the vaporization cooling flue 3, in the flue gas pretreatment device 4, the movable partition plate 42 in the flue gas pretreatment device makes corresponding movement according to the size of the flue gas flow, so as to adjust the volume of the flue gas contained in the cavity 41, thereby ensuring that the flue gas flow and the flow velocity of the flue gas outlet 45 are kept constant, and simultaneously at the flue gas outlet 45, combustible gas (such as CO) in high-temperature flue gas is mixed with air flowing in from the air inlet 46 and combusted, and the flue gas treated by the flue gas pretreatment device 4 enters the waste heat recovery device to recover sensible heat in the flue gas. The continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system provided by the embodiment adopts the flue gas pretreatment device 4, so that the flue gas generated intermittently can be stably and continuously output, the influence of the flue gas fluctuation on the operation stability of the waste heat recovery device is avoided, higher-quality steam can be generated, the service life of the waste heat recovery device can be effectively prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced; meanwhile, the high-temperature combustible flue gas is mixed with air above the self-ignition point and reacts with the air through the flue gas pretreatment device 4, so that the temperature condition of the explosion of the combustible gas is effectively avoided, and various safety problems in the conventional gas recovery process are avoided.
The smoke hood 2 is arranged between the converter body 1 and the evaporative cooling flue 3, one end of the smoke hood 2 is covered on the converter body 1 and is used for capturing smoke generated in the converter body 1, the other end of the smoke hood is connected with an inlet of the evaporative cooling flue 3 so that the captured smoke enters the evaporative cooling flue 3, and the evaporative cooling flue 3 can enable the temperature of the smoke to be reduced to about 900 ℃ from 1450-1650 ℃ through radiation heat exchange.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the cavity 41 of the flue gas pretreatment device 4 is generally designed as a cuboid, or may be designed as a cylinder or other shape, and the side wall of the cavity 41 may be built by refractory bricks, or may be configured as a water-cooled wall or a vaporization cooling wall, and may be resistant to high-temperature flue gas. The movable partition plate 42 inside the cavity 41 is built by refractory materials, is the same as the cross section of the cavity 41, is tightly contacted with the peripheral wall surfaces, can horizontally move along the inside of the flue gas pretreatment device 4 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the flue gas storage and transportation space, and the movable partition plate 42 is moved by a control system according to the flue gas flow, pressure or flow rate, so that a large amount of flue gas generated in the smelting peak period can be stored, and the flue gas is released in the smelting valley or smelting gap period, so that the flue gas flow or flow rate in the flue gas outlet 45 is basically kept constant; for the arrangement position of the movable partition plate 42, the flue gas inlet 43 and the flue gas outlet 45 are located on the same side of the movable partition plate 42, and the distance between the flue gas inlet 43 and the movable partition plate 42 is smaller than the distance between the flue gas outlet 45 and the movable partition plate 42. The air inlet 46 is arranged near the flue gas outlet 45, and the air quantity flowing in can be controlled through a valve, so that the CO in the outlet flue gas is completely combusted, and the air is not excessively supplied; the dust discharge port 47 is mainly used for discharging dust deposited in the flue gas pretreatment device 4, so as to ensure that excessive dust accumulation is not generated at the bottom of the flue gas pretreatment device 4, and the dust is cleaned from the dust discharge port 47 once every a period of time, so that the dust accumulation condition of subsequent pipelines and devices is reduced.
Preferably, a dust removing baffle 44 is arranged between the flue gas inlet 43 and the flue gas outlet 45, and the dust removing baffle 44 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the top of the cavity 42 and is mainly used for changing the flow direction of the flue gas so as to facilitate better sedimentation of particles in the flue gas; the dust removal baffle 44 may be provided in one piece or in a plurality of pieces arranged side by side at intervals.
In some embodiments, the flue gas outlet 45 of the cavity 42 is connected with the waste heat recovery device through an insulating flue 5, and the insulating flue 5 is provided with a metal pipeline outside and a sprayed refractory material inside, so that the flue gas can resist the high temperature of flue gas.
As an optimized technical scheme, the waste heat recovery device comprises a split type waste heat boiler and a fine dust removal mechanism 8, wherein the split type waste heat boiler is provided with a middle-high temperature section 7 and a low temperature section 10, the fine dust removal mechanism 8 is connected between the middle-high temperature section 7 and the low temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler, and a flue gas outlet 45 is communicated with an inlet of the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler. The flue gas after being treated by the flue gas pretreatment device 4 enters a middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler for heat exchange, sensible heat of the middle-high temperature section in the flue gas is recovered, the cooled flue gas enters a fine dust removal mechanism 8 for purification, and then enters a low temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler for heat exchange, and low temperature Duan Xianre in the flue gas is recovered. In the embodiment, the split type waste heat boiler is adopted for waste heat recovery, and the fine dust removing mechanism 8 is arranged between the middle and high temperature sections 7 and the low temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler, so that the low temperature section 10 exchanges heat for clean flue gas, and the problems of dust accumulation, bridging, serious blockage or abrasion, water leakage and the like existing in the process of recovering dust-containing waste gas by the existing waste heat boiler can be avoided.
Specifically, the middle and high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler is arranged vertically, the lower part of the split type waste heat boiler is an air inlet, the upper part of the split type waste heat boiler is an air outlet, and a plurality of smooth surface heat exchange tube bundles which are arranged at intervals transversely are arranged in the split type waste heat boiler; the flow direction of the flue gas in the middle-high temperature section 7 is vertical to the arrangement direction of the heat exchange tube bundles, so that the waste heat absorption and dust deposition are more facilitated. Specifically, the outside of the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler is a pressure vessel shell made of metal, the inside of the split type waste heat boiler is 2-5 sections of evaporation cooling sections, each evaporation cooling section consists of heat exchange tube bundles which are transversely arranged, and the heat exchange area of each evaporation section and the number of the heat exchange tube bundles can be generally calculated according to the flue gas quantity and the flue gas temperature; the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler is mainly used for recovering the sensible heat of the middle-high temperature section of the flue gas above about 350 ℃, a heat exchange tube bundle with a transverse light discharging surface can be adopted, and a certain distance can be kept between the heat exchange tube bundles, so that the problems of dust tower bridge and blockage of the economizer section of the conventional integrated type waste heat boiler can be avoided.
The inside of the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler is provided with an ash removal device, so that dust adhered to the heat exchange wall surface can be cleaned regularly; 4-8 explosion-proof valves are further arranged in the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split waste heat boiler, and the split waste heat boiler can play a role in emergency explosion venting when the pressure is too high.
Further, a coarse ash bin 6 is arranged on the heat insulation flue 5 at the bottom of the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler and used for collecting and discharging dust, and in order to prevent air from entering the system during ash discharging, a safety valve and an air locking device are arranged on the coarse ash bin 6. In order to ensure that the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split waste heat boiler keeps higher heat exchange efficiency, the ash removing device arranged in the split waste heat boiler can clean dust once every 2-20 hours, so that adhered dust on the heat exchange wall surface falls into a pipeline at the lower part and the coarse ash bin 6.
Specifically, the fine dust removing mechanism 8 is arranged behind the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler, and comprises a dust collecting box body and a ceramic fiber filter cartridge arranged in the dust collecting box body, wherein the ceramic fiber filter cartridge is made of a filter material made of aluminum silicate fibers, and has the characteristics of high porosity, high filtering precision and acid and alkali corrosion resistance; the fine dust removing mechanism 8 can resist high temperature of 400 ℃ generally, can be suitable for the temperature of flue gas exhausted by the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler, can control the filtering effect according to the filtering area and the flow velocity of the flue gas, and can stably control the dust content of the flue gas filtered by the fine dust removing mechanism to be lower than 10mg/m 3 Even up to 5mg/m 3 In the following, the requirement of ultra-low emission is completely met. Preferably, the bottom of the dust box is provided with a fine ash bin 9 for collecting dust filtered by the fine dust removing mechanism 8; in order to prevent the air in the ash discharging from entering the system pipeline, a valve and an air locking device are arranged on the ash bin 9. In order to ensure the filtering effect of the ceramic fiber filter cylinder, the excessive filtration resistance is avoided, the ceramic fiber filter cylinder is back-blown once every a period of time according to the filtering pressure detection condition, so that dust adhered on a filtering surface falls into a pipeline or a fine ash bin 9 at the lower part, and the system is ensured to keep higher dust removal efficiency and lower resistance.
Specifically, after the low-temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler is arranged on the fine dust removal mechanism 8, the outer part of the low-temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler is a pressure vessel shell made of metal, and the inner part of the low-temperature section 10 is a plurality of snakelike water cooling pipes with fins. The temperature of the flue gas entering the low-temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler is lower, usually about 350 ℃, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the low-temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler can adopt a coiled pipe with fins, and because the flue gas is clean flue gas after being finely filtered by the fine dust removal mechanism 8, the coiled pipe can be arranged densely, the problems of dust adhesion, tower bridge, blockage and the like can not occur, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the low-temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler can be cooled to below 150 ℃ generally.
In this embodiment, the middle-high temperature section 7 and the low temperature section 10 of the split-type exhaust-heat boiler are different parts of a boiler, and may be connected by a set of water vapor system, and share a steam drum 11.
Further, the continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system of the embodiment further comprises a fan 12, wherein the fan 12 is connected with the outlet of the low-temperature section 10 of the waste heat recovery device, and as an optimized choice, the fan 12 is usually a variable-frequency speed-regulating induced draft fan and is used for sucking flue gas in a pipeline; the flue gas sucked by the fan 12 enters the diffusing chimney 13 through a pipeline.
The embodiment also provides a continuous and safe treatment method for converter flue gas, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the tonnage and production scale of the converter body 1, a set of continuous and safe converter flue gas treatment system of the embodiment is constructed.
Then, when molten iron is added into the converter body 1 and oxygen blowing smelting is started, the fan 12 is kept in an on state, the smoke in the converter body 1 is sucked into the smoke hood 2 by the suction force of the fan 12, the smoke enters the vaporization cooling flue 3 through the smoke hood 2 and undergoes radiation heat exchange, and the temperature of the smoke is reduced from 1450-1650 ℃ to about 900 ℃; in about 30-120S at the initial stage of converting, the fume hood 2 is lifted up properly, so that more air enters the upper part of the converter body 1 and generates combustion reaction to generate carbon dioxide, and the fume containing a large amount of carbon dioxide enters the pipeline to purge the air in the pipeline.
After that, the flue gas at about 900 ℃ at the outlet of the vaporization cooling flue 3 flows in from the flue gas inlet of the flue gas pretreatment device 4. When the smelting intensity is higher and the flue gas flow is larger, the movable partition plate 42 in the flue gas pretreatment device 4 moves to the side far away from the flue gas inlet 43, so that excessive high-temperature flue gas is stored, and the flue gas at the flue gas outlet 45 is ensured to flow out at a stable flow rate and flow velocity; when the smelting intensity is lower or the smelting interval period is in, the movable partition plate 42 in the flue gas pretreatment device 4 moves to the side of the flue gas inlet 43, so that the stored high-temperature flue gas is slowly released, and the flue gas at the flue gas outlet 45 is ensured to flow out at a stable flow rate and flow velocity.
At the same time, the high-temperature combustible gas in the gas pretreatment device 4 is mixed with air flowing in from the air inlet 46 at the gas outlet 45 and burnt, and the inflow of the air is controlled by a valve to ensure that the combustible gas in the high-temperature gas is fully reacted; at the same time, the particles in the flue gas settle to the bottom of the flue gas pretreatment device 4 in the flowing process.
Then, the high-temperature flue gas passing through the flue gas pretreatment device 4 enters a middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler, and at the moment, the high-temperature flue gas enters from the lower part of the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split type waste heat boiler and carries out convective heat exchange with a transverse light surface heat exchange tube bundle in the boiler, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to about 350 ℃, and meanwhile, part of dust in the flue gas is settled into a coarse ash bin 6 arranged at the lower part.
Flue gas which is discharged from the middle-high temperature section 7 of the split waste heat boiler and is at about 350 ℃ enters a fine dust removal mechanism 8 for fine dust removal, and the dust content in the outlet flue gas can be reduced to 10mg/m by controlling the filtering area of the ceramic fiber filter cylinder and the residence time of the flue gas 3 In the following, the ultra-low emission requirement is met. Clean flue gas filtered by the ceramic fiber filter cylinder enters the low-temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler and fully exchanges heat with a snakelike water cooling pipe with fins arranged inside the low-temperature section 10 of the split type waste heat boiler, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to be lower than 150 ℃.
And finally, the low-temperature flue gas after the full heat exchange of each section of the waste heat recovery device passes through the fan 12 and enters the diffusing chimney 13, and the low-temperature flue gas is emptied.
In conclusion, the continuous and safe treatment system for the converter flue gas provided by the invention can effectively recover most of chemical heat and sensible heat in the converter flue gas, and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of the converter; the dust content in the discharged flue gas can be less than 10mg/m by adopting a filtering type dust removing mode 3 Reach the superLow emissions requirements.
The foregoing examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all designs that are the same or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous safe processing system of converter flue gas is characterized in that: including converter body, vaporization cooling flue, flue gas preprocessing device and waste heat recovery device, flue gas preprocessing device includes confined cavity, the cavity top is equipped with flue gas import and flue gas export, the cavity is inside to be equipped with movable baffle, the cavity bottom is equipped with the dust removal mouth, be close to flue gas exit on the cavity and be equipped with air inlet, the export of converter body through vaporization cooling flue with the flue gas import intercommunication of cavity, the flue gas export of cavity with waste heat recovery device connects.
2. The continuous safe converter fume treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet are positioned on the same side of the movable partition plate, and the distance between the flue gas inlet and the movable partition plate is smaller than the distance between the flue gas outlet and the movable partition plate.
3. The continuous safe converter fume treatment system of claim 1, wherein: at least one dust removal baffle is arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet.
4. The continuous safe converter fume treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the flue gas outlet of the cavity is connected with the waste heat recovery device through a heat insulation flue.
5. The continuous safe converter fume treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: and a coarse ash bin is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation flue.
6. The continuous safe converter fume treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the waste heat recovery device comprises a split waste heat boiler and a fine dust removal mechanism, wherein the split waste heat boiler is provided with a middle-high temperature section and a low temperature section, the fine dust removal mechanism is connected between the middle-high temperature section and the low temperature section of the split waste heat boiler, and the flue gas outlet is communicated with a middle-high temperature section inlet of the split waste heat boiler.
7. The continuous and safe converter fume treatment system according to claim 6, wherein: the middle and high temperature sections of the split waste heat boiler are vertically arranged, the lower part of the split waste heat boiler is an air inlet, the upper part of the split waste heat boiler is an air outlet, and a plurality of smooth heat exchange tube bundles which are transversely arranged at intervals are arranged in the split waste heat boiler; a plurality of serpentine water cooling pipes with fins are arranged in the low-temperature section of the split type waste heat boiler; the middle and high temperature sections and the low temperature Duan Gongyong of the split waste heat boiler are a steam drum.
8. The continuous and safe converter fume treatment system according to claim 6, wherein: the fine dust removing mechanism comprises a dust collecting box body and a ceramic fiber filter cylinder arranged in the dust collecting box body.
9. The continuous safe converter fume treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the waste heat recovery device further comprises a fan, the fan is connected with an outlet of the waste heat recovery device, and an air outlet end of the fan is connected with a diffusing chimney.
10. A continuous and safe treatment method for converter flue gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of a processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, carrying out radiation heat exchange on flue gas generated by a converter body through a vaporization cooling flue so as to reduce the temperature of the flue gas from 1450-1650 ℃ to 900 ℃;
s2, enabling outlet flue gas of the vaporization cooling flue to enter a flue gas pretreatment device, moving a movable baffle plate in the flue gas pretreatment device to be far away from a flue gas inlet side when the flue gas flow is large, storing and transporting excessive high-temperature flue gas, moving the movable baffle plate in the flue gas pretreatment device to the flue gas inlet side when the flue gas flow is small or in a smelting intermittent period, slowly releasing the stored high-temperature flue gas, and enabling the flue gas at the flue gas outlet to flow out always at a stable flow rate and a stable flow velocity;
s3, mixing high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas pretreatment device with air flowing in from an air inlet at a flue gas outlet and burning combustible gas;
s4, enabling the flue gas treated in the step S3 to enter a waste heat recovery device for convective heat exchange.
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| CN202311371259.2A CN117363832A (en) | 2023-10-23 | 2023-10-23 | Continuous and safe treatment system and method for converter flue gas |
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| CN202311371259.2A CN117363832A (en) | 2023-10-23 | 2023-10-23 | Continuous and safe treatment system and method for converter flue gas |
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