CN117363320A - Snow-melting agent for highway and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Snow-melting agent for highway and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- ODLHGICHYURWBS-LKONHMLTSA-N trappsol cyclo Chemical compound CC(O)COC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)COCC(O)C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1COCC(C)O ODLHGICHYURWBS-LKONHMLTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005413 snowmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940082004 sodium laurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dodecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 2-hydroxypropyl- Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- BTMZHHCFEOXAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical group OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O BTMZHHCFEOXAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589220 Acetobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940105956 tea-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
- C09K3/185—Thawing materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a snow-melting agent for a highway and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 40-50 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain soaking liquid; adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial inoculum into the soaking solution, uniformly mixing, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution; s2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 60-70 ℃, filtering, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting at 40-60 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain a snow-melting active agent solution; s3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, uniformly stirring at 30+/-5 ℃, standing, and freeze-drying to obtain the road snow-melting agent. The method can effectively improve the storage stability of the snow-melting agent while keeping good low-temperature snow-melting effect, and solves the problem of caking of the existing snow-melting agent caused by storage and moisture absorption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of snow-melting agents, in particular to a highway snow-melting agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In winter in north, snow and even ice are formed on road surfaces due to snowfall, and traffic accidents are easy to occur due to the phenomenon of snow and ice on the road surfaces, so that the road surfaces are forced to be closed due to ice on the road surfaces, and great inconvenience is easily brought to production and life of people.
The current deicing and snow removing methods comprise three types of manual snow removal, mechanical snow removal and sprinkling snow melting agents. Wherein, the manual snow removing efficiency is low and the cost is higher; mechanical snow removal is easy to damage the road surface, so people often adopt a method of sprinkling snow-melting agent to remove snow.
The existing snow-melting agent mainly comprises a chloride-type snow-melting agent, a potassium acetate-type snow-melting agent and a composite snow-melting agent. However, the chloride-based snow-melting agent is not only high in price, but also easily causes serious corrosion phenomena to pavement facilities, for example, chloride ions in the chloride-based snow-melting agent easily penetrate into the concrete, so that a passivation film on the surface of the steel bar is damaged, the steel bar is converted from the passivation state to the activation state, the steel bar is corroded, and further the problems of cracking, peeling and the like of the concrete are caused. In addition, chloride salts can also accelerate the aging of the vehicle wheels and the rust problem of the vehicle chassis after contacting the vehicle tires or the vehicle chassis. Therefore, people replace the traditional chloride-based snow-melting agent with the potassium acetate-based snow-melting agent and the composite snow-melting agent. However, the potassium acetate snow-melting agent and the composite snow-melting agent prepared by the existing method have strong hygroscopicity, and after the potassium acetate snow-melting agent and the composite snow-melting agent are exposed in the air, agglomeration phenomenon is easy to occur due to moisture absorption, so that solid spraying of the snow-melting agent is affected, and finally, the ice and snow melting performance of the snow-melting agent is affected. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new snow-melting agent for highway and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problem of caking caused by storage and moisture absorption of the existing snow-melting agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of caking of the existing snow-melting agent caused by storage moisture absorption, and provides a highway snow-melting agent capable of improving storage stability and a preparation method thereof. The method can effectively improve the storage stability while keeping good low-temperature snow melting effect, and solves the problem of poor storage stability caused by strong moisture absorption performance of the existing snow melting agent.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
The first aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a snow-melting agent for a highway, comprising the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 40-50 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain soaking liquid; adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial inoculum into the soaking solution, uniformly mixing, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution;
s2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 60-70 ℃, filtering, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting at 40-60 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain a snow-melting active agent solution;
s3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, uniformly stirring at 30+/-5 ℃, standing, and freeze-drying to obtain the road snow-melting agent.
Firstly, preparing a snow-melting active agent by mixing potassium acetate and calcium acetate; then coating the snow-melting active agent by using 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to solve the problem of storage moisture absorption; the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and the surfactant are used for constructing a crosslinking system, so that the mutual adhesion and agglomeration are prevented, and the storage stability is improved. The auxiliary agent of the invention adopts ethanol, which is helpful to promote the formation of a crosslinking system, so that the prepared snow-melting agent particles have good dispersibility and further improve the storage stability.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S3, the surfactant is an anionic surfactant.
In some embodiments of the invention, the surfactant is any one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium fatty alcohol sulfate, sodium laurate.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S3, the mass ratio of the snow-melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and the surfactant is 0.2-0.7:1:0.1-0.2.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S3, the adjuvant is ethanol; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.2-0.7 g:10-20 mL.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S1, the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of yeast and acetic acid bacteria; the concentration of the thallus of the saccharomycete is 1-2 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1-2×10 8 cfu/g。
In some embodiments of the invention, in S1, the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the fermentation broth.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S1, the anaerobic fermentation conditions are: the fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5-12 d.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S2, the mass ratio of the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder is 10-30:1-3:0.1-0.6.
The second aspect of the invention provides a snow-melting agent for roads, which is prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent are added into a snow melting active agent solution to form a three-dimensional network structure which is mutually intertwined and overlapped, wherein the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin has a hydrophilic hydroxyl group and a hydrophobic alkyl chain, so that the snow melting active agent solution has good amphiphilic surface characteristics. Hydroxy in 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and Ca in snow-melting active agent 2+ Electrostatic interaction and weak interactions such as hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force between the two components enable the generated snow melting active agent to be coated in the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, and enable a hydrophobic alkyl chain to be positioned outside a coating structure, so that the problem of storage and moisture absorption of the snow melting active agent is solved. The cross-linking system formed by the anionic surfactant and the amphiphilic 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin can effectively prevent mutual adhesion between particles of the snow-melting agent and avoid caking. The snow-melting agent prepared by the method can effectively improve the storage stability while maintaining good low-temperature snow-melting effect, solves the problem that the existing snow-melting agent has poor storage stability due to strong moisture absorption performance, and can often influence the solid spraying of the snow-melting agent after moisture absorption and agglomeration, and finally influence the ice and snow melting performance of the snow-melting agent.
2. The auxiliary agent of the invention adopts ethanol, and the addition of the ethanol is beneficial to promoting the formation of a crosslinking system, so that the prepared snow-melting agent particles have good dispersibility and further improve the storage stability.
3. The invention utilizes the wheat root soaking solution, the white spirit dropping groove and the composite microbial inoculum to form acetic acid composite solution under anaerobic fermentation, and thenThen the plant ash is used for decoloring the acetic acid composite liquid at a certain temperature, and the plant ash contains rich K + Potassium acetate can be formed; then the added shell powder can further react with the acetic acid composite liquid to generate calcium acetate, so that the snow-melting agent of the mixture of potassium acetate and calcium acetate can be formed. The snow-melting agent has the advantages of low temperature resistance, excellent ice and snow melting performance, simple preparation process, simple and convenient operation, safety and environmental protection; the raw materials are widely available, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing particle size distribution of the snow-melting agents prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The first aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a snow-melting agent for a highway, comprising the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 40-50 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain soaking liquid; adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial inoculum into the soaking solution, uniformly mixing, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution;
s2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 60-70 ℃, filtering, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting at 40-60 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain a snow-melting active agent solution;
s3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, uniformly stirring at 30+/-5 ℃, standing, and freeze-drying to obtain the road snow-melting agent.
In the following examples of the present invention, a snow-melting active agent comprising a mixture of potassium acetate and calcium acetate was first prepared; then coating the snow-melting active agent by using 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to solve the problem of storage moisture absorption; the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and the surfactant are used for constructing a crosslinking system, so that the mutual adhesion and agglomeration are prevented, and the storage stability is improved. The auxiliary agent of the invention adopts ethanol, which is helpful to promote the formation of a crosslinking system, so that the prepared snow-melting agent particles have good dispersibility and further improve the storage stability.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S3, the surfactant is an anionic surfactant. The anionic surfactant can be combined with amphiphilic 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to form a crosslinking system so as to prevent mutual adhesion between particles of the snow-melting agent and avoid caking.
In some embodiments of the invention, the surfactant is any one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium fatty alcohol sulfate, sodium laurate.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S3, the mass ratio of the snow-melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and the surfactant is 0.2-0.7:1:0.1-0.2. For example, 0.2:1:0.1, 0.3:1:0.1, 0.4:1:0.1, 0.5:1:0.1, 0.6:1:0.1, 0.7:1:0.1, 0.5:1:0.12, 0.5:1:0.16, 0.2:1:0.2, 0.3:1:0.2, 0.4:1:0.2, 0.5:1:0.2, 0.6:1:0.2, 0.7:1:0.2, etc.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S3, the adjuvant is ethanol; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.2-0.7 g:10-20 mL. For example, 0.2g:10mL, 0.3g:10mL, 0.4g:10mL, 0.5g:10mL, 0.6g:10mL, 0.7g:10mL, 0.2g:15mL, 0.3g:15mL, 0.4g:15mL, 0.5g:15mL, 0.6g:15mL, 0.7g:15mL, 0.2g:20mL, 0.3g:20mL, 0.4g:20mL, 0.5g:20mL, 0.6g:20mL, 0.7g:20mL, etc.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S1, the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of yeast and acetic acid bacteria; the concentration of the thallus of the saccharomycete is 1-2 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g. For example, 1X 10 8 cfu/g、1.5×10 8 cfu/g、2×10 8 cfu/g, etc.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S1, the concentration of the cells of the acetic acid bacteria is 1 to the upper2×10 8 cfu/g. For example, 1X 10 8 cfu/g、1.5×10 8 cfu/g、2×10 8 cfu/g, etc.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S1, the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the fermentation broth. Examples thereof include 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, and the like.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S1, the anaerobic fermentation conditions are: the fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5-12 d. The fermentation temperature is, for example, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, etc.; examples of fermentation times include 5d, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, and 12d.
In some embodiments of the invention, in S2, the mass ratio of the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder is 10-30:1-3:0.1-0.6. For example, 10:1:0.1, 10:1:0.2, 10:1:0.3, 10:1:0.4, 10:1:0.5, 10:1:0.6, 10:2:0.1, 10:3:0.1, 10:2:0.2, 10:3:0.6, 15:1:0.1, 15:2:0.1, 15:3:0.1, 15:2:0.4, 20:1:0.1, 20:2:0.1, 20:3:0.1, 20:1:0.6, 20:2:0.6, 20:3:0.6, 20:2.5:0.3, 25:2:0.5, 30:3:0.6, etc.
The second aspect of the invention provides a snow-melting agent for roads, which is prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect.
The specific preparation method of the road snow-melting agent according to the first aspect is described in detail below.
Yeast, shandong Gaulong biological Co.
Acetobacter, jinan Jiage biotechnology Co.
The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The preparation method of the snow-melting agent for the highway comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding Chinese liquor into the soaking solutionThe composite microbial inoculum is a mixed microbial inoculum of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 3% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 25:2:0.5 at 50 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium fatty alcohol sulfate (AES), and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.5:1:0.12; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.5g to 15mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Example 2
The preparation method of the snow-melting agent for the highway comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 40 ℃, and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1.5X10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1.5X10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 5% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 70 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 30:3:0.6 at 60 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.7:1:0.2; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.7 g/20 mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Example 3
The preparation method of the snow-melting agent for the highway comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 50 ℃, and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 2 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 2×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 1% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 25 ℃, and the fermentation time is 12d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 60 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 10:1:0.1, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.2:1:0.1; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.2g to 10mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Example 4
The preparation method of the snow-melting agent for the highway comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; adding into soaking solutionThe white spirit tank and the composite microbial inoculum are mixed microbial inoculum of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1.5X10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1.5X10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 4% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 8d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation liquor of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation liquor, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 20:2.5:0.3 at 45 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium laurate, and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.4:1:0.1; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.6g to 15mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Example 5
The preparation method of the snow-melting agent for the highway comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the concentration of the thallus of the saccharomycete is 1.0x10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1.0X10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 4% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 15:2:0.4 at 45 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.5:1:0.16; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.5g to 18mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a snow-melting agent for roads, which is different from example 1 in that no surfactant and no auxiliary agent are added; the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 3% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 25:2:0.5 at 50 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the mass ratio of the snow-melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is 0.5:1. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing a snow-melting agent for road, which is different from example 1 in that no surfactant is added; the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking the wheat root in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizingPerforming bacterial treatment to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 3% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 25:2:0.5 at 50 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is 0.5:1; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.5g to 15mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing a snow-melting agent for roads, which is different from example 1 in that no auxiliary agent is added; the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 3% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 25:2:0.5 at 50 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and an anionic surfactant into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium fatty alcohol sulfate (AES); the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.5:1:0.12. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the snow melt agent for the highway is different from the embodiment 1 in that 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is not added, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 3% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 25:2:0.5 at 50 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of the S2, wherein the surfactant is triethanolamine dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the surfactant is 0.5:0.12; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.5g to 15mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Comparative example 5
A method for preparing a snow-melting agent for a highway, which is different from example 1 in that activated carbon is used for replacing plant ash; the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 3% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding active carbon into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the active carbon and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 25:2:0.5 at 50 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium fatty alcohol sulfate (AES), and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.5:1:0.12; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.5g to 15mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Comparative example 6
A method for preparing a snow-melting agent for a highway, which is different from example 1 in that shell powder is not added; the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum occupies the mass of the fermentation liquor3% of the amount; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation liquor of the S1, wherein the mass ratio of the fermentation liquor to the plant ash is 25:2; stirring and mixing at 65 ℃, filtering while the mixture is hot, stirring and reacting at 50 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is finished to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium fatty alcohol sulfate (AES), and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.5:1:0.12; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.5g to 15mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
Comparative example 7
A method for preparing a snow-melting agent for road, which is different from example 1 in that the temperature at which the snow-melting agent is prepared is replaced with room temperature (25 ℃); the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 45 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain a soaking solution; the method is mainly used for providing nutrient substances required by the fermentation of the composite microbial inoculum. Adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial agent into the soaking solution, wherein the composite microbial agent is a mixed microbial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the thallus concentration of the saccharomycete is 1 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1×10 8 cfu/g; the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 3% of the mass of the fermentation liquor; anaerobic fermentation is carried out after uniform mixing, and the anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10d; sterilizing to obtain fermentation liquor.
S2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at room temperature (25 ℃), filtering while the mixture is hot, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting the fermentation broth, the plant ash and the shell powder at a mass ratio of 25:2:0.5 at room temperature (25 ℃), and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain the snow-melting active agent solution.
S3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, an anionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, wherein the surfactant is sodium fatty alcohol sulfate (AES), and the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the mass ratio of the snow melting active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.5:1:0.12; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.5g to 15mL. Stirring uniformly at 30+ -5deg.C, standing, and lyophilizing to obtain the snow melt agent for highway.
The performances of the highway snow-melting agents prepared in examples 1 to 5 are basically parallel, namely, the snow-melting active agent mixed by potassium acetate and calcium acetate is prepared firstly, and then the snow-melting active agent is coated by 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to solve the problem of storage moisture absorption; the cross-linking system is constructed by using the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and the surfactant, so that the mutual adhesion is prevented to form caking, the storage stability is improved, and the ethanol is used as an auxiliary agent to facilitate the formation of the cross-linking system, so that the prepared snow-melting agent particles have good dispersibility, and the storage stability is further improved. Therefore, the road snow-melting agent prepared in example 1 alone was compared with comparative examples 1 to 7 below to verify the effect of the road snow-melting agent prepared in the examples of the present invention.
1. Impact of surfactants and adjuvants on particle dispersibility of snow-melting agents
The effect of the addition of surfactants and adjuvants on the dispersibility of the particles after lyophilization was studied, as shown in fig. 1. FIG. 1 is a graph showing particle size distribution of the snow-melting agents prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
As can be seen from the results of FIG. 1, in example 1 of the present invention, the 2-hydroxypropyl-. Beta. -cyclodextrin, the anionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent were blended with each other to move the particle size of the particles in a direction of small particle size, and the particle size was concentrated in a range of 0.2 to 2. Mu.m, as compared with comparative examples 1 to 4. Comparative example 1, in which only 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin was added, had a particle size concentrated in the range of 2 to 30 μm; comparative example 2, in which no surfactant was added, had particle diameters concentrated in the range of 2 to 30 μm; comparative example 3, in which no auxiliary agent was added, had a particle size concentrated in the range of 2 to 6 μm; comparative example 4 was not added with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and the particle size was concentrated in the range of 10 to 40 μm. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention mainly utilizes the mutual coordination of the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, the anionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent to change the surface property of the snow-melting active agent, so that the interaction is difficult to occur to form agglomeration.
2. Influence of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on storage stability of snow-melting agent
Moisture absorption rate tests were performed on example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
Equal amounts of samples of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were taken, three samples were taken for each sample, and placed in an air atmosphere at 25℃and 75% relative humidity, and the average moisture absorption of the samples was observed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 comparison of moisture absorption of samples of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4
Moisture absorption rate calculation formula:
。
the snow-melting agent prepared by the mixture of potassium acetate and calcium acetate has strong adsorption effect between the solid surface and water molecules in the air because the potassium acetate and the calcium acetate are inorganic salts which are easily dissolved in water, so that the snow-melting agent is extremely easy to adsorb the water molecules and bond into blocks. As can be seen from the results of Table 1, the snow-melting agent prepared in example 1 of the present invention effectively improves the moisture absorption problem as compared with comparative examples 1 to 4. According to the embodiment 1 of the invention, through the surface modification effect of the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, the anionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent, a coating effect can be formed on the snow melting active agent, and the hydrophobic alkyl chain is positioned outside the coating structure, so that water molecules in the air are isolated, and the moisture absorption effect of the snow melting active agent is avoided. Presumably, it is the hydroxyl group in 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and Ca in the snow-melting active agent 2+ The generated snow-melting active agent is coated in the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin by electrostatic interaction and weak interaction such as hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force, and the hydrophobic alkyl chain is positioned outside the coating structure and forms a compact hydrophobic layer together with the surfactant on the surface of the snow-melting active agent, thereby effectively preventing water in the airDirect contact with a snow-melting active agent (as a mixture of potassium acetate and calcium acetate), the snow-melting agent prepared by the method of example 1 of the present invention is effective in reducing hygroscopicity.
3. Evaluation of Ice and snow melting Performance
The snow-melting agents of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were subjected to an ice-melting effect test.
The test method is as follows:
firstly, pure water is frozen to form an ice layer, then 15g of snow-melting agent is uniformly spread on the ice surface, and the mass of the rest ice layer is recorded at 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min and 60min respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Ice melting Effect test results
Ice melting rate calculation formula:
。
as can be seen from the results of Table 2, the ice-melting effect of comparative examples 1 to 4 was substantially equivalent to that of example 1, and it was found that the surface modifying effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-. Beta. -cyclodextrin, anionic surfactant and adjuvant had substantially no effect on the ice-melting performance. The ice melting performance of comparative example 5 and comparative example 6 is relatively low with respect to the ice melting performance of example 1, thereby indicating that the snow-melting agent prepared with a mixture of potassium acetate and calcium acetate has relatively good performance. Comparative example 7 the temperature at which the snow-melting active agent was prepared was replaced with room temperature (25 c), at which the reaction was relatively slow, and thus the performance of the snow-melting agent prepared was relatively poor.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the snow-melting agent for the highway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, soaking wheat roots in hot water at 40-50 ℃ and sterilizing to obtain soaking liquid; adding a white spirit dropping groove and a composite microbial inoculum into the soaking solution, uniformly mixing, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution;
s2, adding plant ash into the fermentation broth of the S1, stirring and mixing at 60-70 ℃, filtering, adding shell powder into the filtrate, stirring and reacting at 40-60 ℃, and filtering after the reaction is completed to obtain a snow-melting active agent solution;
s3, adding 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent into the snow-melting active agent solution of S2, uniformly stirring at 30+/-5 ℃, standing, and freeze-drying to obtain the road snow-melting agent.
2. The method for producing a snowmelt agent for roads according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the surfactant is an anionic surfactant.
3. The method for producing a snowmelt agent for roads according to claim 2, wherein the surfactant is any one of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate, sodium aliphatic alcohol sulfate, and sodium laurate.
4. The method for preparing a snowmelt agent for roads according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the mass ratio of the snowmelt active agent to the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the surfactant is 0.2-0.7:1:0.1-0.2.
5. The method for preparing a snowmelt agent for roads according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the auxiliary agent is ethanol; the dosage ratio of the snow melting active agent to the auxiliary agent is 0.2-0.7 g:10-20 mL.
6. The method for preparing a highway snow-melting agent according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the composite bacterial agent is a mixed bacterial agent of saccharomycetes and acetic acid bacteria; the concentration of the thallus of the saccharomycete is 1-2 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/g; the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 1-2×10 8 cfu/g。
7. The method for preparing a highway snow-melting agent according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the fermentation liquid.
8. The method for preparing a highway snowmelt agent according to claim 1, wherein in S1, anaerobic fermentation conditions are: the fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5-12 d.
9. The method for preparing a snow-melting agent for roads according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the mass ratio of the fermentation liquid, the plant ash and the shell powder is 10-30:1-3:0.1-0.6.
10. A snow-melting agent for road prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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