CN117361714A - Method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water - Google Patents
Method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water Download PDFInfo
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- CN117361714A CN117361714A CN202311580393.3A CN202311580393A CN117361714A CN 117361714 A CN117361714 A CN 117361714A CN 202311580393 A CN202311580393 A CN 202311580393A CN 117361714 A CN117361714 A CN 117361714A
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- tail water
- ammonia nitrogen
- culture
- hypochlorous acid
- mariculture
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water, and belongs to the technical field of treatment of the mariculture tail water. And (3) treating the culture tail water by using hypochlorous acid and nitrifying bacteria to remove ammonia nitrogen in the culture tail water. The invention provides a method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water, wherein after treatment, the ammonia nitrogen content is below 11mg/L, which is far lower than the requirement that the ammonia nitrogen content in wastewater discharge is not more than 35 mg/L. The invention also discovers that the hypochlorous acid is adopted to remove ammonia nitrogen in the mariculture pond, residual chlorine remained after 24 hours of hypochlorous acid with the concentration of less than 0.5ppm is basically 0, the method has no pollution and no residue on the environment, is nontoxic and harmless to human bodies, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture tail water is treated by combining hypochlorous acid and nitrifying bacteria, the treated water can be further used for aquaculture, the tail water treatment cost and the aquaculture cost are effectively saved, the method is simple and convenient, the implementation of aquaculture personnel is easy, and the cost is relatively low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture tail water treatment, in particular to a method for removing ammonia nitrogen in seawater aquaculture tail water.
Background
The mariculture tail water contains toxic and harmful substances such as residual bait, feces, nitrogen-containing compounds, phosphorus-containing compounds and the like, and untreated culture tail water is directly discharged, so that the environment is polluted. Ammonia nitrogen is the main pollutant in the seawater culture tail water, and the ammonia nitrogen is free ammonia (NH) 3 ) And nitrogen in the form of ammonium ions in water, has high toxicity to aquatic animals and plants, damages the water area environment, and even causes outbreak diseases of fishes, shrimps, shellfish and the like to die in a large area. The seawater culture pond has the characteristics of large area, weak water exchange capacity, high flow rate during drainage and the like, and has large investment and poor treatment effect if water treatment equipment is adopted for purifying culture tail water. Therefore, finding a suitable tail water treatment mode for a mariculture pond is a problem to be solved urgently.
In the patent (CN 202210728379, an eel breeding wastewater treatment system and method), 10-12% of commodity sodium hypochlorite is added according to the ratio of 50-200 ml/L for oxidation reaction to remove ammonia nitrogen, and the removal rate is about 33.3% -66.7%; in patent (CN 201911259834, a water quality treatment device and a water quality treatment method for aquaculture), after ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture water is eliminated by sodium hypochlorite with a certain concentration, sodium thiosulfate solution is also introduced to eliminate redundant sodium hypochlorite, so as to avoid residual chlorine residue.
At present, development of a treatment method for ammonia nitrogen tail water, which is low in adsorbent cost, simple in treatment process and capable of effectively utilizing separated ammonia nitrogen, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water, which comprises the steps of adding hypochlorous acid into the mariculture tail water for treatment, and then adding nitrifying bacteria subjected to domestication culture into the mariculture tail water for secondary treatment.
Preferably, the hypochlorous acid is added to the aquaculture tail water in a splash manner.
Preferably, the adding amount of hypochlorous acid is 5-10 mg per cubic culture tail water, and the treatment time is 3-24 h.
Preferably, the hypochlorous acid is added in an amount of 7mg per cubic culture tail water, and the treatment time is 10 hours.
Preferably, the addition amount of the nitrifying bacteria subjected to domestication culture is 2-3L of domestication culture solution per cubic culture tail water.
Preferably, the secondary treatment is carried out for a period of 5 to 7 days.
Preferably, the acclimatization culture of nitrifying bacteria is specifically as follows: activating and culturing nitrifying bacteria in a basic culture solution, and then adding an equal volume of culture tail water into the nitrifying bacteria culture solution for domestication and culture.
Preferably, the basic culture solution comprises the following formula: 0.5-2g/L of sodium nitrite, 0.01-0.05g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.005-0.02g/L of manganese sulfate and 0.5-1g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the acclimatization and culture time is 24 to 36 hours.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water, wherein the ammonia nitrogen content in the mariculture tail water before treatment is up to 450-600mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content after treatment in examples 1-3 is below 11mg/L and is far lower than the requirement that the ammonia nitrogen content in wastewater discharge is not more than 35 mg/L. The invention also discovers that the hypochlorous acid is adopted to remove ammonia nitrogen in the mariculture pond, residual chlorine remained after 24 hours of hypochlorous acid with the concentration of less than 0.5ppm is basically 0, the method has no pollution and no residue on the environment, is nontoxic and harmless to human bodies, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture tail water is treated by combining hypochlorous acid and nitrifying bacteria, the treated water can be further used for aquaculture, the tail water treatment cost and the aquaculture cost are effectively saved, the method is simple and convenient, the implementation of aquaculture personnel is easy, and the cost is relatively low.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, with reference to the examples using conventional methods, unless otherwise indicated, and with reference to reagents, either conventional commercial reagents or reagents configured using conventional methods. The detailed description is not to be taken as limiting, but is to be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the invention described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present invention. The specification and examples of the present invention are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
The technical scheme of the invention is conventional in the field, and the reagents or raw materials are purchased from commercial sources or are disclosed.
According to the invention, the culture pond in the Dalian area is used as a test sample area for carrying out a test for removing ammonia nitrogen in the culture tail water.
The basic culture solution comprises the following formula: 0.5-2g/L of sodium nitrite, 0.01-0.05g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.005-0.02g/L of manganese sulfate and 0.5-1g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Example 1
(1) Hypochlorous acid was evenly sprayed in the seawater aquaculture pond, with 7mg (i.e., 0.007 ppm) hypochlorous acid per cubic water.
(2) Domestication of nitrifying bacteria: activating nitrifying bacteria in a basic culture solution, mixing the nitrifying bacteria culture solution with sea water culture tail water in equal volume to form an domestication culture solution, and culturing for 30 hours.
(3) Splashing and inoculating the nitrified bacteria subjected to domestication culture into a hypochlorous acid treated culture pond, inoculating 2L of domestication culture solution which is cultured per cubic pond water body, continuously treating for 7d, measuring ammonia nitrogen content and calculating ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
Example 2
(1) Hypochlorous acid is uniformly sprayed in the seawater culture pond, and each cubic water body contains 5mg (namely 0.005 ppm) of hypochlorous acid.
(2) Domestication of nitrifying bacteria: activating nitrifying bacteria in a basic culture solution, mixing the nitrifying bacteria culture solution with sea water culture tail water in equal volume to form an domestication culture solution, and culturing for 24 hours.
(3) Splashing and inoculating the nitrified bacteria subjected to domestication culture into a hypochlorous acid treated culture pond, inoculating 3L of domestication culture solution which is cultured per cubic pond water body, continuously treating for 5 days, measuring ammonia nitrogen content and calculating ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
Example 3
(1) Hypochlorous acid is uniformly sprayed in the seawater culture pond, and each cubic water body contains 10mg (namely 0.01 ppm) of hypochlorous acid.
(2) Domestication of nitrifying bacteria: activating nitrifying bacteria in a basic culture solution, mixing the nitrifying bacteria culture solution with sea water culture tail water in equal volume to form an domestication culture solution, and culturing for 36h.
(3) Splashing and inoculating the nitrified bacteria subjected to domestication culture into a hypochlorous acid treated culture pond, inoculating 2.5L of domestication culture solution which is cultured per cubic pond water body, continuously treating for 7d, measuring the ammonia nitrogen content and calculating the ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
Comparative example 1
(1) Hypochlorous acid was sprayed evenly in the mariculture pond, with 2.5mg (i.e., 0.0025 ppm) hypochlorous acid per cubic water.
(2) Domestication of nitrifying bacteria: activating nitrifying bacteria in a basic culture solution, mixing the nitrifying bacteria culture solution with sea water culture tail water in equal volume to form an domestication culture solution, and culturing for 24 hours.
(3) Splashing and inoculating the nitrified bacteria subjected to domestication culture into a hypochlorous acid treated culture pond, inoculating 3L of domestication culture solution which is cultured per cubic pond water body, continuously treating for 7d, measuring ammonia nitrogen content and calculating ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
Comparative example 2
(1) Hypochlorous acid is uniformly sprayed in the seawater culture pond, and each cubic water body contains 15mg (namely 0.015 ppm) of hypochlorous acid.
(2) Domestication of nitrifying bacteria: activating nitrifying bacteria in a basic culture solution, mixing the nitrifying bacteria culture solution with sea water culture tail water in equal volume to form an domestication culture solution, and culturing for 24 hours.
(3) Splashing and inoculating the nitrified bacteria subjected to domestication culture into a hypochlorous acid treated culture pond, inoculating 3L of domestication culture solution which is cultured per cubic pond water body, continuously treating for 7d, measuring ammonia nitrogen content and calculating ammonia nitrogen removal rate.
Comparative example 3
(1) Hypochlorous acid is uniformly sprayed in the seawater culture pond, and each cubic water body contains 7mg (namely 0.015 ppm) of hypochlorous acid.
(2) And (3) splashing nitrifying bacteria to inoculate the nitrifying bacteria into the culture pond treated by hypochlorous acid, inoculating 3L of domesticated culture solution which is cultured per cubic pond water body, continuously treating for 7d, and measuring the ammonia nitrogen content.
The ammonia nitrogen removal rate results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 removal of Ammonia from mariculture Tail water
As shown in Table 1, the ammonia nitrogen content in the culture tail water before treatment is up to 450-600mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content after the treatment in examples 1-3 is below 11mg/L, which is far lower than the requirement that the ammonia nitrogen content in the wastewater discharge is not more than 35 mg/L. The ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment method can greatly reduce the ammonia nitrogen content in wastewater, and has good environmental protection benefit. The invention also discovers that the hypochlorous acid is adopted to remove ammonia nitrogen in the mariculture pond, the residual chlorine remained after 24 hours of hypochlorous acid with the concentration of less than 0.5ppm is basically 0, and the method has no pollution, no residue and no toxicity or harm to human bodies.
The invention provides a method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water, which is characterized in that hypochlorous acid and nitrifying bacteria are combined to treat the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the mariculture tail water to reach the emission standard, the treated water body can be further used for aquaculture, the tail water treatment cost and the aquaculture cost are effectively saved, the method is simple and convenient, the implementation of the aquaculture personnel is easy, and the cost is relatively low.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water is characterized in that hypochlorous acid is added into the mariculture tail water for treatment, and nitrifying bacteria subjected to domestication culture are added into the mariculture tail water for secondary treatment.
2. The removal method of claim 1, wherein the hypochlorous acid is added to the aquaculture tail water in a spilled manner.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the hypochlorous acid is added in an amount of 5 to 10mg per cubic culture tail water for a treatment time of 3 to 24 hours.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of the nitrifying bacteria subjected to the domestication culture is 2 to 3L of the domestication culture solution per cubic of the tail water of the cultivation.
5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the secondary treatment is carried out for a period of 5 to 7 days.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the domestication culture of nitrifying bacteria is specifically: activating and culturing nitrifying bacteria in a basic culture solution, and then adding an equal volume of culture tail water into the nitrifying bacteria culture solution for domestication and culture.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the basal broth formulation is: 0.5-2g/L of sodium nitrite, 0.01-0.05g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.005-0.02g/L of manganese sulfate and 0.5-1g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the acclimation culture time is 24 to 36 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311580393.3A CN117361714A (en) | 2023-11-24 | 2023-11-24 | Method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311580393.3A CN117361714A (en) | 2023-11-24 | 2023-11-24 | Method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117361714A true CN117361714A (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311580393.3A Pending CN117361714A (en) | 2023-11-24 | 2023-11-24 | Method for removing ammonia nitrogen in mariculture tail water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117361714A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-24 CN CN202311580393.3A patent/CN117361714A/en active Pending
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