CN117350018A - Water flow regulation and control method for preventing bank slopes at river channel junction from scouring - Google Patents
Water flow regulation and control method for preventing bank slopes at river channel junction from scouring Download PDFInfo
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- CN117350018A CN117350018A CN202311150819.1A CN202311150819A CN117350018A CN 117350018 A CN117350018 A CN 117350018A CN 202311150819 A CN202311150819 A CN 202311150819A CN 117350018 A CN117350018 A CN 117350018A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water flow regulation and control method for preventing a bank slope at a river junction from scouring, which comprises the steps of obtaining basic characteristics of the river junction, wherein the basic characteristics comprise river flow, water depth, plane shape and soil body property; constructing a junction plane flow field model according to river channel flow, water depth and plane morphology; determining the starting flow rate of the branch opposite-shore sediment according to the soil property and the corresponding sediment starting flow rate formulaV c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Determining the positions of the separation area, the branched water flow and the main branch of a river water flow occupying the river course to obtain the mathematical expression of the planar flow field to determine the flow velocity of the water flow at the bank slope sideV m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the By adjusting the main branch of a river flow and the branch flow, the side flow rate of the bank slope is enabledV m Is less than the starting flow velocity of siltV c Thereby ensuring the stability of the bank slope.The invention is applicable to the bank slope treatment at the river junction under different conditions; the flow width of the water flow is determined through the flow converging ratio, so that the calculation process is greatly simplified, and the result is obtained quickly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a water flow regulating and controlling method for preventing a river junction bank slope from scouring.
Background
In plain rivers, river bank scouring is a very common phenomenon. The river bank flushing means that river water impacts the river bank to cause loss of soil substances on the river bank, so that the gradient of the river bank is steep, and serious river bank flushing can also cause collapse of the river bank and backward of a shoreline, so that the ecological environment of the river bank and the stability of a river are affected. The river coastal population is numerous, the economy is developed, the flood disasters and environmental damages caused by river coastal scouring are reduced, the guarantee can be provided for the economic construction of coastal areas, and the sustainable development of the economy is promoted. However, the river bank scouring mechanism is very complex, the influence factors are numerous, and the water flow condition, the soil structure, the section shape (slope height and gradient) and the like of the river bank boundary play important roles in the scouring occurrence process.
The river junction serves as an important control node of a river system, and complex water turbulence of the river junction causes river bank scouring in the area to be serious. The two water flows with different flow rates meet at the junction and are mutually extruded, and the flow velocity of the water flow at the junction is increased due to the narrow beam of the river cross section, so that river bank scouring or bank foot scouring is caused. Meanwhile, when the river is affected by rainfall, water diversion and the like, the river flow suddenly changes, the water flow speed also suddenly changes, and the change can aggravate the scouring of the bank slope. However, because of the complex planar form of the river junction, the water flow elements are numerous, so far, the knowledge of the scouring of the junction is not enough, and corresponding regulation measures are also lacking. Therefore, the research of river bank scour prevention at the junction has important theoretical and practical significance, and can provide powerful support for river ecological environment protection and socioeconomic development.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a water flow regulating and controlling method for preventing a bank slope at a river junction, which can effectively solve the defects of complex plane form, numerous water flow elements, lack of regulating and controlling measures and the like at the river junction.
The technical scheme is as follows: a water flow regulation and control method for preventing scour of a bank slope at a river junction comprises the following steps:
step one: basic characteristics of river channel junction are obtained, wherein the basic characteristics comprise river channel flow, water depth, plane morphology and soil body properties;
step two: constructing a junction plane flow field model according to river channel flow, water depth and plane morphology; determining the starting flow velocity V of the branch opposite-shore side sediment according to the soil property and the corresponding sediment starting flow velocity formula c ；
Step three: determining the positions of the separation area, the branched water flow and the main branch of a river water flow occupying the river course to obtain the mathematical expression of the planar flow field to determine the flow velocity V of the water flow at the bank slope side m ；
Step four: by adjusting the main branch of a river flow and the branch flow, the flow velocity V of the bank slope side is caused m Is smaller than the silt starting flow velocity V c Thereby ensuring the stability of the bank slope.
Preferably, the basic characteristics of the river junction specifically comprise branch flow Q 1 Main branch of a river flow rate Q 2 The intersection angle alpha, the downstream river width W and the water depth H.
Preferably, according to soil properties and sediment grading conditions, a unified starting flow rate formula applicable to coarse and fine sand is adopted, and is as follows:
wherein: v (V) c To start the flow rate; h is the water depth; d is particle size, gamma is water flow volume weight; gamma ray s Gamma' is the dry bulk weight of the sludge; gamma' c The dry bulk weight of the sediment is stable, delta is the thickness of the film water, the value is 0.0001mm, the viscosity coefficient of v water flow movement is 0.0001mm, and g is the gravity acceleration.
Preferably, the planar width of the separation zone is as follows:
in which W is s To the plane width of the separation zone, F d F is the Friedel-crafts number of water flow d ＝u/(g*h) 0.5 U is the average flow rate of the water flow, Q is the confluence ratio, and q=q 1 /Q 2 。
Preferably, downstream of the junction, the respective excess flow width is determined according to the flow ratio of the branches and the main branch of a river:
W 1 /W 2 ＝Q 1 /Q 2
W s +W 1 +W 2 ＝W
V m ＝Q 2 /(W 2 *H)
in which W is 1 To branch the flow width W of the water flow after the intersection 2 Is the flow width of the main branch of a river water flow after the intersection.
Preferably, the mathematical relationship between the confluence ratio and the intersection angle, critical flow rate, river width and water depth is as follows:
wherein the main branch of a river flow rate Q 2 Is an independent variable.
The beneficial effects are that: 1) According to the river course intersection bank slope scour prevention water flow regulation and control method, basic characteristics of river course intersections are obtained, an intersection plane flow field model is constructed, and main branch of a river and branch flow processes are regulated, so that the bank slope side flow velocity is smaller than the silt starting flow velocity, and the stability of the bank slope is ensured;
2) The invention adopts the mathematical relation of the flow velocity of the water flow, the confluence ratio and the intersection angle, and is applicable to the bank slope treatment at the river intersection under different conditions;
3) According to the invention, a river junction downstream plane flow field model is established, the flow width of the water flow is determined through the confluence ratio, the calculation process can be greatly simplified, and the result can be obtained rapidly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for regulating and controlling water flow for preventing flushing of a bank slope at a river junction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a planar flow field at a junction of a water flow regulation method for preventing scour at a bank slope at the junction of a river channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow control relationship curve of a method for controlling water flow by preventing scour of a bank slope at a river junction according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and the specific embodiments:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a water flow regulating method for preventing a bank slope at a river junction from scouring comprises the following steps:
step one: obtaining basic characteristics of river channel junction, wherein the basic characteristics comprise river channel flow, water depth, plane morphology and soil body properties, and the basic characteristics comprise branch flow Q 1 Main branch of a river flow Q 2 Intersection angle α, downstream river width W and water depth H.
Step two: constructing a junction plane flow field model according to river channel flow, water depth and plane morphology; determining the starting flow velocity V of the branch opposite-shore side sediment according to the soil property and the corresponding sediment starting flow velocity formula c A unified starting flow rate formula applicable to coarse and fine sand is adopted, and the following formula is adopted:
wherein V is c To start the flow rate; h is the water depth; d is particle size, gamma is water flow volume weight; gamma ray s Gamma' is the dry bulk weight of the sludge; gamma' c For a stable dry bulk weight of sludge, δ is the film water thickness, taken as 0.0001mm, v water flow motion viscosity coefficient.
Step three: determining the positions of the separation area, the branched water flow and the main branch of a river water flow occupying the river channel to obtain the mathematical expression (i.e. V m ＝Q 2 /(W 2 * H) Determining the flow velocity V of water flow at side of bank slope m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The planar width of the separation zone is shown in the following formula:
in which W is s To the plane width of the separation zone, F d Is the Friedel's digital of the water flow, Q is the confluence ratio, and q=Q 1 /Q 2 ；
Downstream of the junction, the corresponding flow width is determined from the flow ratio of the branch and the main branch of a river:
W 1 /W 2 ＝Q 1 /Q 2
W s +W 1 +W 2 ＝W
V m ＝Q 2 /(W 2 *H)
in which W is 1 To branch the flow width W of the water flow after the intersection 2 To meet the flow width of the main branch of a river water flow, the three formulas are combined with q=q 1 /Q 2 And simultaneously, obtaining a mathematical relation formula between the confluence ratio and the intersection angle, the critical flow rate, the river width and the water depth, wherein the mathematical relation formula is shown as follows:
wherein the main branch of a river flow rate Q 2 Is an independent variable.
Step four: by adjusting the flow processes of the main branch branch of a river and the branch, the flow velocity V of the bank slope side is caused m Is smaller than the silt starting flow velocity V c Thereby ensuring the stability of the bank slope.
According to the invention, basic characteristics of a river channel junction are obtained, a plane flow field model of the junction is constructed, and the main branch of a river and branch flow processes are regulated, so that the flow rate of the branch on the bank slope side is smaller than the silt starting flow rate, and the stability of the bank slope is ensured; in addition, a mathematical relation formula of the flow velocity, the converging ratio and the converging angle of the water flow and a converging downstream plane flow field model are established, the flow width of the water flow is determined through the converging ratio, the calculation process can be greatly simplified, the result can be quickly obtained, and the method is suitable for bank slope treatment at the river junction under different conditions.
Example 2
As shown in the schematic diagram of the junction planar flow field of fig. 2: the left side is the main branch of a river flow, the lower side is the branch flow, and the flows meet and mix at the junction and flow downstream. Dividing the junction into a separation area, a branch water flow channel and a main branch of a river water flow channel according to the water flow characteristics of the junction;
knowing the confluence ratio q and intersection angle α, the ratio is calculated by a separation dimension fitting formula (i.e) The maximum width W of the separation region can be calculated s The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Knowing the confluence ratio q, the width of the respective flow passage downstream of the junction of the branched, main branch of a river flow can be calculated.
Establishing a mathematical relation formula between a confluence ratio and a junction angle, a critical flow rate, a river width and a water depth, wherein the main branch of a river flow is an independent variable:
according to the above relation, as shown in FIG. 3, at a known main branch of a river flow rate Q 2 In the case of (1) by adjusting the confluence ratio Q, i.e. the branched flow rate Q 1 The flow velocity at the river bank is smaller than the starting flow velocity of the sediment, namely, the flow processes of the main branch of a river and the branch are regulated by staggering peaks, so that the main branch of a river and the branch fall on the left side of the curve, and the bank slope is ensured to be in a non-scouring state.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The river course junction bank slope scour prevention water flow regulation and control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: basic characteristics of river channel junction are obtained, wherein the basic characteristics comprise river channel flow, water depth, plane morphology and soil body properties;
step two: constructing a junction plane flow field model according to river channel flow, water depth and plane morphology; determining the starting flow velocity V of the branch opposite-shore side sediment according to the soil property and the corresponding sediment starting flow velocity formula c ；
Step three: determining the positions of the separation area, the branched water flow and the main branch of a river water flow occupying the river course to obtain the mathematical expression of the planar flow field to determine the flow velocity V of the water flow at the bank slope side m ；
Step four: by adjusting the main branch of a river flow and the branch flow, the flow velocity V of the bank slope side is caused m Is smaller than the silt starting flow velocity V c Thereby ensuring the stability of the bank slope.
2. The water flow regulation and control method for preventing scouring of a bank slope at a river junction according to claim 1, wherein the water flow regulation and control method is characterized in that: the basic characteristics of the river junction specifically comprise branched flow Q 1 Main branch of a river flow rate Q 2 The intersection angle alpha, the downstream river width W and the water depth H.
3. The water flow regulation and control method for preventing scouring of a bank slope at a river junction according to claim 1, wherein the water flow regulation and control method is characterized in that: according to soil mass properties and sediment grading conditions, a unified starting flow rate formula applicable to coarse and fine sand is adopted, and is shown as follows:
wherein: v (V) c To start the flow rate; h is the water depth; d is particle size, gamma is water flow volume weight; gamma ray s Gamma' is the dry bulk weight of the sludge; gamma' c The dry bulk weight of the sediment is stable, delta is the thickness of the film water, the value is 0.0001mm, the viscosity coefficient of v water flow movement is 0.0001mm, and g is the gravity acceleration.
4. The method for controlling water flow for preventing scouring of a bank slope at a river junction according to claim 1, wherein the plane width of the separation zone is represented by the following formula:
in which W is s To the plane width of the separation zone, F d F is the Friedel-crafts number of water flow d ＝u/(g*h) 0.5 U is the average flow rate of the water flow, Q is the confluence ratio, and q=q 1 /Q 2 。
5. The method of claim 1, wherein downstream of the junction, the respective excess flow width is determined based on the ratio of the flows of the branch and the main branch of a river:
W 1 /W 2 ＝Q 1 /Q 2
W s +W 1 +W 2 ＝W
V m ＝Q 2 /(W 2 *H)
in which W is 1 To branch the flow width W of the water flow after the intersection 2 Is the flow width of the main branch of a river water flow after the intersection.
6. The method for regulating and controlling water flow for preventing scouring of bank slopes at river junctions according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical relationship between the confluence ratio and the junction angle, the critical flow rate, the river width and the water depth is as follows:
wherein the main branch of a river flow rate Q 2 Is an independent variable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311150819.1A CN117350018A (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Water flow regulation and control method for preventing bank slopes at river channel junction from scouring |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311150819.1A CN117350018A (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Water flow regulation and control method for preventing bank slopes at river channel junction from scouring |
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