CN101476305A - Mud-stone flow discharge guiding groove based on step anti-flushing notched sill group and use thereof - Google Patents
Mud-stone flow discharge guiding groove based on step anti-flushing notched sill group and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476305A CN101476305A CNA2009100582177A CN200910058217A CN101476305A CN 101476305 A CN101476305 A CN 101476305A CN A2009100582177 A CNA2009100582177 A CN A2009100582177A CN 200910058217 A CN200910058217 A CN 200910058217A CN 101476305 A CN101476305 A CN 101476305A
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- against erosion
- notched sill
- side wall
- debris flow
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Abstract
The invention discloses a debris flow draining and guiding groove based on step type erosion protection dentated sill group and application thereof. the debris flow draining and guiding groove comprises flow limiting walls, and a step type erosion protection dentated sill group disposed therein connected and cooperated therewith; the step type erosion protection dentated sill group consists of a plurality of erosion protection dentated sills imbedded in a certain depth with a certain distance therebetween; the transverse length B of the erosion protection dentated sill in the direction perpendicular to the flow limiting wall is less than the width D of the debris flow draining and guiding groove; and the erosion protection dentated sills are staggered between the two flow limiting walls. Compared with the current technologies, the invention can fully drain the debris flow safely and smoothly with low cost, can meet the requirement from structrual type mud flow to mountain torrents burst in the drainage area; and can maintain the contacting of the aquatic organisms in the groove bed to benefit the groove ecology restoration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of debris flow drainage waveguide technology, particularly relate to a kind ofly, be applicable to debris flow drainage groove and application thereof that viscous mud-flow or diluted debris flow or water-rock debris flow or mountain area flood are drained based on step protection against erosion notched sill group based on the energy dissipating of debris flow soft base.
Background technology
Mud-rock flow has the unit weight more much higher than current, and its fluid diadactic structure that comprises chip soil has particularity, shows the inertia height, fails the characteristics such as power is strong, impact force is huge of moving.What mud-rock flow movement produced washes away strongly, cause the ditch bed that violent the change taken place, cause that the ditch bed is revealed the inside story and the avalanche of ditch bank, increased the solid matter source of supply mud-rock flow, increased the harm of mud-rock flow, to infrastructure such as the cities and towns in the hazardous area, two sides, village, road, water channel, electric power, communication lines, and serious harm is caused in farmland, forest etc.Therefore, the new structure that mud-rock flow washes away can be effectively controlled in exploitation, for the destructive power that reduces mud-rock flow, improves the safety of downstream protection object, has important social economic implications and ecological environment meaning.
In recent years, along with China's development of the West Regions continue carry out, numerous major infrastructure projects put into operation, the development and use mud-rock flow is piled up putting more effort of fan, the control mud-rock flow washes away and the problem of depositing becomes increasingly conspicuous.Particularly behind the Wenchuan earthquake, mud-rock flow material source increases greatly, cause the scale of mud-rock flow to increase, and in same basin, because the different raininess that excite, different flow morphologies may occur, may occur, show the characteristic difference of washing away, deposit of fluid from the variation of viscous mud-flow-diluted debris flow-water-rock debris flow-mountain area flood.
Traditional mud-rock flow protection against erosion is continued to use the full lining cutting pattern of canal for water conveyance, but because the extremely strong abrasion ability of mud-rock flow, causes that the engineering damage is fast, maintenance cost is high.The type notched sill that laterally runs through that is used for the mud-rock flow protection against erosion at present generally is applicable to the not too high (r≤20kN/m of mud-rock flow unit weight
3) situation, wide in range at the mud-rock flow change of properties, as to relate to viscous mud-flow-diluted debris flow-water-rock debris flow even mountain area flood situation, the defective that existence can't adapt to.Simultaneously, under the perennial draingage state, full lining cutting drainage groove in the past and laterally run through the type notched sill and blocked hydrobiological contact up and down in the ditch bed is unfavorable for the restoration of the ecosystem of ditch bed.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group is provided, can not only realize under low cost that mud-rock flow washes away the dynamic equilibrium of down-cutting and alluvial, fully realize the purpose of safety, smooth and easy drainage mud-rock flow, and can satisfy the wide variation fluid-evacuation demand of basin outburst from viscous mud-flow to the mountain area flood, can fully keep simultaneously hydrobiological contact up and down in the ditch bed, help the raceway groove restoration of the ecosystem.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The debris flow drainage groove that the present invention proposes based on step protection against erosion notched sill group, comprise the line side wall of both sides and place therebetween, coupled, the step protection against erosion notched sill group that is used, described step protection against erosion notched sill group is made up of according to a determining deviation, protection against erosion notched sill with certain buried depth some.Less than described debris flow drainage groove width D (being the spacing between the line side wall of both sides), promptly arbitrary described protection against erosion notched sill all has only an end to link to each other with the line side wall, run through between the line side wall to the protection against erosion notched sill of forming described step protection against erosion notched sill group at the lateral length B on the line side wall vertical direction (being that the protection against erosion notched sill is in the projected length on the line side wall vertical direction); And the protection against erosion notched sill of forming described step protection against erosion notched sill group is interspersed about being between the line side wall, constitutes staggered step protection against erosion notched sill group.This staggered structure can fully keep hydrobiological contact up and down in the ditch bed, helps the raceway groove restoration of the ecosystem.
Described protection against erosion notched sill and line side wall connecting place are tilt angle alpha, and inclination is oblique downstream, promptly the protection against erosion notched sill link to each other with the line side wall end be positioned at the upstream than the other end; The value of tilt angle alpha is 60 °-85 °.This incline structure helps the line of mud-rock flow.
According to the drainage area of mud-rock flow cheuch and the longitudinal river slope of piling up fan, described debris flow drainage groove can be three kinds of forms on plane configuration.Drainage area S≤2km when the mud-rock flow cheuch
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J 〉=12% o'clock, the debris flow drainage groove width D satisfies D＜2B less than the lateral length B of 2 times of protection against erosion notched sills on line side wall vertical direction; Concrete structure can be: the protection against erosion notched sill is divided into two sections, link to each other, be the tilting section of tilt angle alpha with the line side wall, do not link to each other with the line side wall, the vertical section vertical with the line side wall, the lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill on line side wall vertical direction equals vertical section length B
2Add the lateral length B of tilting section on line side wall vertical direction
1, the debris flow drainage groove width D equals vertical section length B
2Add the lateral length B of 2 times of tilting sections on line side wall vertical direction
1, satisfy B=B
2+ B
1, D=B
2+ 2B
1, the vertical section length B of protection against erosion notched sill wherein
21/4 of≤debris flow drainage groove width D.Work as 2km
2Drainage area S≤the 20km of＜mud-rock flow cheuch
2, 6%≤pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜12% o'clock, the debris flow drainage groove width D equals the lateral length B of 2 times of protection against erosion notched sills on line side wall vertical direction, satisfies D=2B.Drainage area S when the mud-rock flow cheuch〉20km
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜6% o'clock, the debris flow drainage groove width D satisfies D greater than the lateral length B of 2 times of protection against erosion notched sills on line side wall vertical direction〉2B; The lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill on line side wall vertical direction is the 3/8-1/2 of debris flow drainage groove width D simultaneously, satisfies 3/8D≤B＜1/2D.The structure of described protection against erosion notched sill changes according to the drainage area of mud-rock flow cheuch and the longitudinal river slope of accumulation fan, and this helps saving to greatest extent the engineering quantity of described debris flow drainage groove.
Described protection against erosion notched sill is along on the line side wall vertical direction, and is low in the middle of being, by line side wall end height; It is 1:4-1:20, i.e. 1:n=h:B that 1:n falls in the horizontal wall inscription ratio of difference in height h and the ratio of the lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill on line side wall vertical direction.The structure that this centre is low, both sides are high helps the mud-rock flow line, and helps producing bottom turbulent flow, fully energy dissipating.
Along on the line side wall longitudinal direction, the wide b in the top of described protection against erosion notched sill
1The wide b in＜bottom
2, the downstream is vertical, and upstream side tilts; The wide b in top
1Be 0.6-1.5m, the wide b in bottom
2Be 1.0-2.0m, upstream side bevel altitude H
1With the wide b in bottom
2, the wide b in top
1It is 1:0.4-1:1, i.e. 1:m=H that 1:m falls in the upstream side ratio of the ratio of difference
1: (b
2-b
1).This up-narrow and down-wide structure helps the protection against erosion notched sill and keep stable under mud-rock flow impacts.
Described debris flow drainage groove can adopt stone masonry or concrete or form of structure such as steel concrete or galvanized wire cage.Described protection against erosion notched sill buried depth H is 1.5-2.5m, and the spacing L between the protection against erosion notched sill is 4.0-15.0m; Keep rational buried depth and spacing, can guarantee the safety of protection against erosion notched sill and line side wall.
Alternating action at fluid scouring down-cutting and alluvial, the present invention is based on the energy dissipating effect of soft base between staggered protection against erosion notched sill, with line side wall and the common line effect of protection against erosion notched sill, make described debris flow drainage groove can be applied to the control of viscous mud-flow or diluted debris flow or water-rock debris flow or the drainage of mountain area flood.When flow was big, the present invention made full use of lower floor's turbulent flow of mud-rock flow (or flood) and mass exchange between the sinking of the top layer fluid inside kinetic energy that dissipates, and prevents down-cutting; When flow hour, the souring that makes full use of line prevents the silt alluvial, realizes that mud-rock flow (or flood) washes away the dynamic equilibrium of down-cutting and alluvial, reaches purpose safe, smooth and easy drainage mud-rock flow.The staggered structure that the present invention proposes can effectively be regulated and control cheuch and wash away-deposit balance, reduces the erosion damage ability of mud-rock flow, can effectively prevent the alluvial of ditch bed again, reduces the operation and maintenance cost of preventive works, ensures the safety of downstream protection object.Described debris flow drainage groove mainly is built in mud-rock flow and piles up on the fan, with mud-rock flow according to design current velocity, stream guiding design section.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compare with full lining cutting drainage groove structure, save cost more than 15%, and help the operational management of engineering later stage; Compare with laterally running through the type notched sill, the protection against erosion effect is better, engineering is more durable, investment more economizes, and can satisfy the wide variation fluid-evacuation demand of basin outburst from viscous mud-flow to the mountain area flood; Simultaneously, can also fully keep hydrobiological contact up and down in the ditch bed, help the raceway groove restoration of the ecosystem.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is step protection against erosion notched sill group's a longitudinal sectional view.
Fig. 2 is the drainage area S≤2km when the mud-rock flow cheuch
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J 〉=12% o'clock vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 works as 2km
2Drainage area S≤the 20km of＜mud-rock flow cheuch
2, 6%≤pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜12% o'clock vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the drainage area S when the mud-rock flow cheuch〉20km
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜6% o'clock vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the drainage area S≤2km when the mud-rock flow cheuch
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J 〉=12% o'clock transverse sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 works as 2km
2Drainage area S≤the 20km of＜mud-rock flow cheuch
2, 6%≤pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜12% o'clock transverse sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the drainage area S when the mud-rock flow cheuch〉20km
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜6% o'clock transverse sectional view of the present invention.
Number in the figure is as follows:
1 protection against erosion notched sill, 2 line side walls
3 tilting sections, 4 vertical sections
The lateral length of B protection against erosion notched sill on line side wall vertical direction
D debris flow drainage groove width α angle of inclination
B
1The lateral length of tilting section on line side wall vertical direction
B
2Vertical section length
b
1The wide b in the top of protection against erosion notched sill
2The bottom of protection against erosion notched sill is wide
Spacing between H protection against erosion notched sill buried depth L protection against erosion notched sill
The height difference H of h protection against erosion notched sill
1The upstream side bevel altitude
1:n horizontal wall inscription ratio falls 1:m upstream side ratio and falls
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described.
Embodiment one
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 5.At drainage area is 1.0km
2, to pile up the covering of the fan gradient be 16%.Pile up on the fan at mud-rock flow, build debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group, comprise line side wall 2 and place therebetween, coupled, the step protection against erosion notched sill group that is used, described step protection against erosion notched sill group is made up of according to a determining deviation, protection against erosion notched sill 1 with certain buried depth some.Protection against erosion notched sill 1 buried depth H is 2.5m, and the spacing L that the protection against erosion notched sill is 1 is 4.0m.
The lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill 1 on line side wall 2 vertical direction that forms described step protection against erosion notched sill group be less than described debris flow drainage groove width D, and the protection against erosion notched sill 1 of forming described step protection against erosion notched sill group is interspersed about being between the line side wall 2; At P
2%Under the design standard, the mud-rock flow flow of drainage groove is 10.0m
3/ s, D gets 2.0m, and B gets 1.25m.Protection against erosion notched sill 1 is tilt angle alpha with line side wall 2 connecting places, and inclination is oblique downstream, and α gets 60 °.Protection against erosion notched sill 1 is divided into two sections, links to each other, is the tilting section 3 of tilt angle alpha with line side wall 2, does not link to each other with line side wall 2, the vertical section 4 vertical with line side wall 2; Vertical section length B
2Get 0.5m, the lateral length B of tilting section 3 on line side wall 2 vertical direction
1Get 0.75m.
Protection against erosion notched sill 1 is along on line side wall 2 vertical direction, and is low in the middle of being, by line side wall 2 end height; The horizontal wall inscription ratio of the difference in height h of protection against erosion notched sill 1 and the ratio of the lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill 1 on line side wall 2 vertical direction falls 1:n and gets 1:4.Along on line side wall 2 longitudinal directions, the wide b in the top of protection against erosion notched sill 1
1Get 0.6m, the wide b in bottom
2Get 1.0m, the downstream is vertical, and upstream side tilts; Upstream side bevel altitude H
1With the wide b in bottom
2, the wide b in top
1The upstream side ratio of the ratio of difference falls 1:m and gets 1:0.4.H
1Get 1.0m.
Embodiment two
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 6.At drainage area is 8.0km
2, to pile up the covering of the fan gradient be 10%.No longer repeat to give unnecessary details with embodiment one something in common, difference is: protection against erosion notched sill 1 buried depth H is 1.8m, and the spacing L that the protection against erosion notched sill is 1 is 8.0m.
At P
2%Under the design standard, the mud-rock flow flow of drainage groove is 68.0m
3/ s, D gets 5.0m, and B gets 2.5m; Tilt angle alpha is got 70 °; The horizontal wall inscription ratio falls 1:n and gets 1:10; The wide b in top
1Get 1.0m, the wide b in bottom
2Get 1.5m, the upstream side ratio falls 1:m and gets 1:0.8.H
1Get 0.63m.
Embodiment three
As Fig. 1, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 7.At drainage area is 30.0km
2, to pile up the covering of the fan gradient be 5%.No longer repeat to give unnecessary details with embodiment one something in common, difference is: protection against erosion notched sill 1 buried depth H is 1.5m, and the spacing L that the protection against erosion notched sill is 1 is 15.0m.
At P
2%Under the design standard, the mud-rock flow flow of drainage groove is 185.0m
3/ s, D gets 16.0m, and B gets 6.0m; Tilt angle alpha is got 85 °; The horizontal wall inscription ratio falls 1:n and gets 1:20; The wide b in top
1Get 1.5m, the wide b in bottom
2Get 2.0m, the upstream side ratio falls 1:m and gets 1:1.H
1Get 0.5m.
Claims (13)
1. debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group, comprise line side wall (2) and place therebetween, coupled, the step protection against erosion notched sill group who is used, described step protection against erosion notched sill group by some according to a determining deviation, protection against erosion notched sill (1) with certain buried depth is formed, it is characterized in that: the lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill (1) on line side wall (2) vertical direction that forms described step protection against erosion notched sill group be less than described debris flow drainage groove width D, and the protection against erosion notched sill (1) of forming described step protection against erosion notched sill group is interspersed about being between the line side wall (2).
2. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group according to claim 1 is characterized in that: protection against erosion notched sill (1) is tilt angle alpha with line side wall (2) connecting place, and inclination is oblique downstream.
3. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group according to claim 2 is characterized in that: as the drainage area S≤2km of mud-rock flow cheuch
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J 〉=12% o'clock, the debris flow drainage groove width D satisfies D＜2B less than the lateral length B of 2 times of protection against erosion notched sills (1) on line side wall (2) vertical direction; Work as 2km
2Drainage area S≤the 20km of＜mud-rock flow cheuch
2, 6%≤pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜12% o'clock, the debris flow drainage groove width D equals the lateral length B of 2 times of protection against erosion notched sills (1) on line side wall (2) vertical direction, satisfies D=2B; Drainage area S when the mud-rock flow cheuch〉20km
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜6% o'clock, the debris flow drainage groove width D satisfies D greater than the lateral length B of 2 times of protection against erosion notched sills (1) on line side wall (2) vertical direction〉2B.
4. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group according to claim 3 is characterized in that: as the drainage area S≤2km of mud-rock flow cheuch
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J 〉=12% o'clock, protection against erosion notched sill (1) is divided into two sections, links to each other, is the tilting section (3) of tilt angle alpha with line side wall (2), does not link to each other with line side wall (2), the vertical section (4) vertical with line side wall (2); The lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill (1) on line side wall (2) vertical direction equals vertical section length B
2Add the lateral length B of tilting section (3) on line side wall (2) vertical direction
1, the debris flow drainage groove width D equals vertical section length B
2Add the lateral length B of 2 times of tilting sections (3) on line side wall (2) vertical direction
1, satisfy B=B
2+ B
1, D=B
2+ 2B
1
5. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group according to claim 4 is characterized in that: as the drainage area S≤2km of mud-rock flow cheuch
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J 〉=12% o'clock, the vertical section length B of protection against erosion notched sill (1)
21/4 of≤debris flow drainage groove width D.
6. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group according to claim 3 is characterized in that: as the drainage area S of mud-rock flow cheuch〉20km
2, pile up fan longitudinal river slope J＜6% o'clock, the lateral length B of protection against erosion notched sill (1) on line side wall (2) vertical direction is the 3/8-1/2 of debris flow drainage groove width D, satisfies 3/8D≤B＜1/2D.
7. according to the arbitrary described debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: protection against erosion notched sill (1) is along on line side wall (2) vertical direction, and is low in the middle of being, high by line side wall (2) end.
8. according to the arbitrary described debris flow drainage groove of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that based on step protection against erosion notched sill group: along on line side wall (2) longitudinal direction, the wide b in top of protection against erosion notched sill (1)
1The wide b in＜bottom
2, the downstream is vertical, and upstream side tilts.
9. according to the arbitrary described debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group of claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: tilt angle alpha is 60 °-85 °.
10. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: along on line side wall (2) vertical direction, it is 1:4-1:20 that 1:n falls in the horizontal wall inscription ratio of the ratio of the difference in height h of protection against erosion notched sill (1) and protection against erosion notched sill (1) the lateral length B on line side wall (2) vertical direction.
11. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the wide b in top
1Be 0.6-1.5m, the wide b in bottom
2Be 1.0-2.0m, upstream side bevel altitude H
1With the wide b in bottom
2, the wide b in top
1It is 1:0.4-1:1 that 1:m falls in the upstream side ratio of the ratio of difference.
12. according to the arbitrary described debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: protection against erosion notched sill (1) buried depth H is 1.5-2.5m, and the spacing L between protection against erosion notched sill (1) is 4.0-15.0m.
13. the debris flow drainage groove based on step protection against erosion notched sill group as claimed in claim 1 is applied to: the control that viscous mud-flow or diluted debris flow or water-rock debris flow or mountain area flood are drained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100582177A CN101476305B (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Mud-stone flow discharge guiding groove based on step anti-flushing notched sill group and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100582177A CN101476305B (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2009-01-21 | Mud-stone flow discharge guiding groove based on step anti-flushing notched sill group and use thereof |
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| CN101476305A true CN101476305A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101476305B CN101476305B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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| CN101851906A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-06 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Debris flow guiding slot based on step anti-erosion toothed sill group and application thereof |
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| CN101886374A (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2010-11-17 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Groove bottom-reinforced fully lined debris flow drainage groove and construction method thereof |
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| CN105862659B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-07-23 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | High-frequency debris flow shore protection and diversion method |
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| CN115387297A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-25 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Debris flow drainage groove structure |
| CN115387297B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-12-15 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Mud-rock flow drainage groove structure |
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