CN117347136A - Preparation method of rock mass model containing complex structural surface - Google Patents
Preparation method of rock mass model containing complex structural surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN117347136A CN117347136A CN202311365562.1A CN202311365562A CN117347136A CN 117347136 A CN117347136 A CN 117347136A CN 202311365562 A CN202311365562 A CN 202311365562A CN 117347136 A CN117347136 A CN 117347136A
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- filling
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a rock mass similar model containing a complex structural surface, which comprises the steps of mixing cement mortar according to a required formula to obtain a main material, and uniformly pouring a model without the structural surface; printing a first section of the structural face part with a three-dimensional structure on the structural face part with saccharides as structural face filling materials; then pouring a main body material in the first section of the printed structural surface; and repeating the process to continue printing the next section until the model is printed, and curing the model to completely flow out or dissolve out saccharides of the filling part of all the structural surfaces in a heating and water flushing mode, so that the preparation of the rock mass model with the complex three-dimensional structural surface is completed. Compared with the traditional method, the preparation precision of the invention on the model structural surface part is higher; the saccharides can be completely removed, so that the main structure is not influenced; besides the structural surface part, main body materials of other parts do not need to be finely arranged, only simple pouring is needed, and the printing speed is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock and soil tests, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a rock mass model with a complex structural surface.
Background
The rock mass scale model experiment can simulate the stress, deformation and damage characteristics of a prototype rock-soil structure on a small-size model experiment, so that the disaster mechanism of a large-size rock-soil body can be conveniently researched, and corresponding regulation and disaster prevention measures are further provided. The most critical link is how to prepare a qualified scaled model, so that the scaled model is strictly geometrically similar to a prototype rock-soil body comprising an artificial structure and a natural structure surface. The most commonly used rock mass similar model at present is prepared by adopting a cement-based material layered pouring method, and because the cement-based material has fluidity when not solidified, supporting materials are required to be used for artificial structures, structural surfaces, cracks and the like so as to prevent the structures, the structural surfaces and the cracks from being plugged by cement. For artificial structures such as a cavity, an underground tunnel and the like in the model, rubber bags and the like can be used for auxiliary preparation; for structural surfaces such as cracks and joints, supporting materials are needed to be preset at the positions of the structural surfaces, and the prior art is mostly prepared by scattering prefabricated paper sheets, plastic sheets and the like. However, this method is only suitable for preparing regular structural surfaces with two-dimensional simple structures, and is difficult to prepare structural surfaces with three-dimensional complex structures such as faults, cracks, joints and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a method for preparing a rock mass similar model with a complex structural surface.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a rock mass similar model containing a complex structural surface comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing cement mortar according to a required formula to obtain a main material, and uniformly pouring a model without a structural surface part;
step 2: when the part with the structural surface is poured, stopping pouring, using a three-degree-of-freedom manipulator with a heating function, taking saccharides as structural surface filling materials, and starting to print a structural surface filling model with a three-dimensional complex structure on a first section;
the first section of structural surface filling model is prepared in a layered printing mode, and the printing height h of the single section of structural surface filling model is determined according to the tensile strength t of the material, the opening degree d of the structural surface and the density rho of the main body material:
wherein g is gravitational acceleration;
step 4: after the structural surface filling model is printed, a fine three-dimensional digital model of the structural surface filling model is built through laser scanning;
step 5: pouring the main body material in the step 1 in a first section of the printed structural surface filling model;
step 6: connecting the next section of structural surface filling model, and continuing to print the next section of structural surface filling model in the same way;
step 7: repeating the steps 5-6 until printing of all the main body parts and the filling parts of the structural surface of the model is completed:
step 8: after all printing is finished, curing the cement mortar until the cement mortar is completely solidified;
step 9: and (3) in the form of heating and water flushing, so that the saccharides of the filling part of the whole structural surface completely flow out or are dissolved, and the preparation of the rock mass model with the complex three-dimensional structural surface is completed.
Further, the main material obtained in the step 1 is continuously stirred before use, and an accelerator is mixed during use to enable the main material to be initially set as soon as possible.
Further, fructose is selected as the filling material of the structural surface.
Further, in step 5, when the main material of a certain section is poured, the structural surface filling model of the section is ensured to be slightly higher than the main material, and the height difference should be more than 1mm, so that the structural surface filling model of the next section and the previous section cannot be connected.
Further, in step 6, when the next section of structural surface filling model is continuously printed, if the bottom of a part of structural surface of the section is not connected with the top of the previous section, the next section of structural surface filling model can also be directly printed on the main body material of the previous section.
Further, in step 6, it is necessary to additionally print a connection filling portion between the discontinuous structural face and the continuous structural face of the structural face filling model to discharge saccharides of the discontinuous structural face portion in the subsequent heating and dissolving process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that:
1. compared with the prior method for preparing a two-dimensional structural surface by using prefabricated paper sheets and plastic sheets, the method provided by the invention uses the temperature-sensitive fructose as a 3D printing base material to print the supporting material in a layered manner, so that the preparation of structural surfaces with complex three-dimensional structures, such as cracks, joints, faults and the like, is possible; the invention adopts a mode of section printing and pouring, and the structural surface part is better protected as the upper section is poured when the next section is printed, so that the structural surface with more complex form can be printed;
2. according to the calculation formula of the single-layer allowable printing height, the maximum opening of the structural surface is positively correlated with the printing height, so that the structural surface with smaller maximum opening, namely finer structural surface can be prepared by reducing the sectional height. When the section height is about 1cm, the width of the structured face portion may be less than 0.3mm;
3. compared with the expensive special water-soluble supporting material in the traditional resin 3D printing industry, the invention innovatively provides the special water-soluble supporting material which adopts extremely common fructose as the structural surface supporting material, the cost is greatly reduced, the environmental pollution caused by waste liquid after washing is less, in addition, the melting point of the fructose is 96 ℃, and the feasibility is higher.
4. Compared with the traditional structural surface and main material parts, the invention has the advantages that the main material parts except the structural surface parts do not need to be finely printed, only simple pouring is needed, and the whole preparation speed is far faster than that of the prior mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rock mass similarity model with a complex structural surface for a printing process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a printed rock mass similarity model with a complex structural surface.
In the figure, the 1-part without the structural surface is similar to a model, the 2-structural surface is filled into a first section of the model, 3-main materials are poured on two sides of the structural surface is filled into the model, 4-main material parts of the model, continuous structural surface filling parts of the 5-model, discontinuous structural surface filling parts of the 6-model and connection filling parts between the discontinuous structural surface and the continuous structural surface of the 7-model;
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a method for preparing a rock mass similar model with a complex structural surface. The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the main material is as follows: 525 cement and 40-70 mesh quartz sand in a mass ratio of 1:1 mixing, water: the weight ratio of the solid is 1:2, the mixture is stirred uniformly by shaking, and the accelerator with the main component of sodium aluminate with the mass ratio of 2% of cement is mixed before pouring.
Step 2: the whole model is 1m square, wherein a part 30cm at the bottom is a part 1 without a structural surface, and the part is uniformly poured with a main body material.
Step 3: when pouring is stopped on the part with the structural surface, the first section of the structural surface filling model 2 with the three-dimensional complex structure is printed by the structural surface filling material. A three-degree-of-freedom manipulator with a heating function and a micro-outlet is used; the structural surface filling material needs to meet the requirements of low melting point, high strength after solidification and better dissolubility (preferably water solubility), and the structural surface filling material adopts fructose, and has the characteristics of low cost, low melting point and no pollution; the section structure surface is filledThe model is prepared in a layered printing mode; the printing height h of the single-section structural surface filling model cannot be too high, otherwise, the structural surface filling material can be broken in the next pouring and leveling process. Single layer allowed print height h is calculated from: the tensile strength of the material is about 10MPa, the opening degree of the structural surface is 1mm, and the density of the main material is 2500kg/m 3 . H is about 0.06m calculated according to the formula; in order to ensure safety, the safety factor is 2, h is 0.03m
According to the formula designed by the invention, the printed structural surface is prevented from being broken and damaged due to pouring operation during pouring.
Step 4: after the structural face filling model is printed, a fine three-dimensional digital model of the structural face filling model is built through laser scanning.
Step 5: and pouring the main body material 3 in the first section of the printed structural surface filling model, wherein the height of the main body material is slightly lower than that of the structural surface filling model of the section, and the height difference is more than 1mm so as to prevent the structural surface filling model of the next section from being connected with the previous section.
Step 6: continuing to print the next section of structural surface filling model by connecting the next section of structural surface filling model in the same way, if the bottom of a part of structural surface of the section is not connected with the top of the previous section, such as a discontinuous structural surface filling part 6 of the model in the schematic diagram 1, the next section of structural surface filling model can also be directly printed on the main material 3 of the previous section; and the connection filling portion 7 between the discontinuous structural face and the continuous structural face of the mold is additionally printed to discharge the filling material of the discontinuous structural face portion in the subsequent heating and dissolving process.
Step 7: repeating steps 5-6 until all of the pattern body material portion 4, the continuous structural face filling portion 5 of the pattern, and the discontinuous structural face filling portion 6 of the pattern and the connection filling portion 7 between the discontinuous structural face and the continuous structural face of the pattern are printed.
Step 8: and after all printing is finished, curing the cement mortar until the cement mortar is completely solidified.
Step 9: and (3) completely flowing out or dissolving the filling part of the structural surface in the form of heating and water flushing, so that the preparation of the rock mass model with the complex three-dimensional structural surface is completed.
Many changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. Any modification and equivalent variation of the above embodiments according to the technical ideas and entities of the present invention are within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the rock mass similar model containing the complex structural surface is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: mixing cement mortar according to a required formula to obtain a main material, and uniformly pouring a model without a structural surface part;
step 2: when the part with the structural surface is poured, stopping pouring, using a three-degree-of-freedom manipulator with a heating function, taking saccharides as structural surface filling materials, and starting to print a structural surface filling model with a three-dimensional complex structure on a first section;
the structural surface filling model is prepared in a layered printing mode, and the printing height h of the single-section structural surface filling model is determined according to the tensile strength t of the material, the opening degree d of the structural surface and the density rho of the main body material:
wherein g is gravitational acceleration;
step 4: after the structural surface filling model is printed, a fine three-dimensional digital model of the structural surface filling model is built through laser scanning;
step 5: pouring the main body material in the step 1 in a first section of the printed structural surface filling model;
step 6: connecting the next section of structural surface filling model, and continuing to print the next section of structural surface filling model in the same way;
step 7: repeating the steps 5-6 until printing of all the main body parts and the filling parts of the structural surface of the model is completed:
step 8: after all printing is finished, curing the cement mortar until the cement mortar is completely solidified;
step 9: and (3) in the form of heating and water flushing, so that the saccharides of the filling part of the whole structural surface completely flow out or are dissolved, and the preparation of the rock mass model with the complex three-dimensional structural surface is completed.
2. The method for preparing a rock mass similar model with a complex structural surface according to claim 1, wherein the main material obtained in the step 1 is continuously stirred before being used, and an accelerator is mixed in the main material during use to enable the main material to be initially set as soon as possible.
3. The method for preparing a rock mass similarity model with a complex structural surface according to claim 1, wherein the structural surface filling material is fructose.
4. The method for preparing the rock mass similar model with the complex structural surface according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, when the main body material of a certain section is poured, the structural surface filling model of the section is ensured to be slightly higher than the main body material, and the height difference is more than 1mm so as to prevent the structural surface filling model of the next section from being connected with the previous section.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6, when the next section of the structural surface filling model is continuously printed, if the bottom of a part of the structural surface of the section is not connected with the top of the previous section, the method can also be directly printed on the main body material of the previous section.
6. A method of producing a rock mass similarity model with complex structural surfaces according to claim 1, wherein in step 6, additional printing of the connection filling portion between the discontinuous structural surface and the continuous structural surface of the structural surface filling model is required to discharge saccharides from the discontinuous structural surface portion during the subsequent heating and dissolution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311365562.1A CN117347136A (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Preparation method of rock mass model containing complex structural surface |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311365562.1A CN117347136A (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Preparation method of rock mass model containing complex structural surface |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117347136A true CN117347136A (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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| CN202311365562.1A Pending CN117347136A (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Preparation method of rock mass model containing complex structural surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111812022A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆大学 | Coal rock three-dimensional strain field visualization system and method under complex geological structure |
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2023
- 2023-10-20 CN CN202311365562.1A patent/CN117347136A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111812022A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆大学 | Coal rock three-dimensional strain field visualization system and method under complex geological structure |
| CN111812022B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2024-04-05 | 重庆大学 | System and method for visualizing three-dimensional strain field of coal and rock under complex geological structure |
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