CN117343623A - 一种氮化硼填充的聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜的制备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种氮化硼填充聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜的制备在散热防水方面的应用，属于超疏水材料制备领域。采用一步喷涂法，利用聚氨酯和纳米二氧化硅构建稳定的微纳米疏水结构，并加入氟硅烷偶联剂增强疏水能力。本发明的超疏水涂层通过调控纳米粒子和偶联剂与聚氨酯的质量比例以获得最佳疏水效果。对该表面进行机械稳定性和化学稳定性等测试，均能保持良好的超疏水状态；同时与氮化柔性薄膜相比，具有超疏水涂层的样品散热效果有所下降，但仍具有实际意义。这种超疏水材料具有制备方法简便、实用性强、稳定性高、成本低廉等诸多优点，能有效解决热管理中的防水问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种氮化硼填充的聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜的制备工艺及其在防水方面的应用。
背景技术
电子元件在工作时会产生较多热量，为了尽快散热，通常要加装金属散热片。但是金属表面的热辐射系数很低，在没有对流传热的条件下，汇集到金属表面的热量很难散发出去。现有的热界面材料主要包括金属基复合材料、聚合物基复合材料、相变材料、导热凝胶以及导热膏等，而聚合物基复合材料因其可行性高在该领域有较大优势，所谓聚合物基复合材料即在聚合物中填充填料，而填料的引入则带给了复合材料新的性质。其中氮化硼纳米片具有高导热性、大而直接的带隙、抗氧化性、高弹性模量和低摩擦系数等优点，已被广泛用于功能纳米复合材料、紫外线发射器、储氢和吸附剂。与其他导电和半导体2D材料(如石墨烯、过渡金属二卤化物和MXenes)相比，BN纳米片具有电绝缘性，这表明其在电子领域的热管理应用中具有实用价值。因此我们基于环氧树脂和聚氨酯基底，将BN纳米片作为填充剂，通过涂布、压合等工艺制成超薄散热片。这种氮化硼超薄散热片虽然拥有较小的滚动角，但其水接触角仅为87°左右，拒水能力的不足极大地限制了其在电子元件上的应用。
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提出了一种氮化硼增强的聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜的制备工艺及其在防水方面的应用，本发明通过改变纳米填充粒子的比例优选，得到防水效果最佳的疏水涂层。
发明内容
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：氮化硼增强的聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜，所述超疏水薄膜通过以下方法制备得到：
将2-6g纳米粒子和20-30g溶剂混合，随后加入0.1-1.5g偶联剂，置于超声振荡仪中15-30分钟，并辅以匀速搅拌；将8-13g聚氨酯快速加入分散液体中，搅拌至液体黏度适合喷涂止；使用去离子水对柔性薄膜冲洗，烘干后对其表面进行喷涂，并于100-140℃环境中放置2-4小时，即得到氮化硼填充聚合物基超疏水柔性薄膜。
进一步地，通过改变加入的二氧化硅的量来控制涂层表面的粗糙程度，二氧化硅与聚氨酯的比例为(2～6):10；
进一步地，所述柔性超疏水薄膜应用于防水领域；
进一步地，在300W的氙灯垂直照射下，将氮化硼填充聚合物基柔性薄膜和超疏水改性薄膜共同放置于桌面上，记录二者表面温度变化，并通过红外热成像仪观察热量分散情况。
与现有技术相比，本发明具备以下优点：
(1)与氮化硼增强的聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜相比，超疏水表面在对散热性能影响较小的同时，带来了优秀的防水性能。
(2)制备方法工艺简单便捷、成本低，制备得到的超疏水薄膜柔性和绝缘性好、防水能力强、导热性能优异，适用于各类形状的电子器件的散热、防水需求。
附图说明
图1为实施例1、实例2、实例3、实例4、实例5得到的超疏水薄膜的接触角及滚动角对比图；
图2为实施例1、实例2、实例5得到的超疏水薄膜的SEM形貌图；
图3为实施例1得到的超疏水薄膜经过柔性测试之后，其表面超疏水效果变化图。
具体实施方式
本部分的描述仅是示范性和解释性，不应对本发明的保护范围有任何的限制作用。此外，本领域技术人员根据本文件的描述，可以对本文件实施例中以及不同实施例中的特征进行相应组合。
实施例1：将4g纳米二氧化硅粒子和27g丙酮混合，随后加入0.9g偶联剂，置于超声振荡仪中30分钟，并辅以匀速搅拌；将10g聚氨酯快速加入分散液体中，搅拌至液体黏度适合喷涂止；使用去离子水对柔性薄膜冲洗，烘干后对其表面进行喷涂，并于130℃环境中放置2小时，自然冷却，即得到氮化硼填充聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜。
实施例2：与实例1不同之处为：加入的纳米二氧化硅粒子所占聚氨酯比例为20％，制得超疏水柔性薄膜。
实施例3：与实例2不同之处为：加入的纳米二氧化硅粒子所占聚氨酯比例为30％，制得超疏水柔性薄膜。
实施例4：与实例3不同之处为：加入的纳米二氧化硅粒子所占聚氨酯比例为50％，制得超疏水柔性薄膜。
实施例5：与实例4不同之处为：加入的纳米二氧化硅粒子所占聚氨酯比例为60％，制得超疏水柔性薄膜。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种氮化硼填充聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜的制备，其特征在于：所述超疏水层通过以下方法制得：
①将2-6g纳米粒子和20-30g溶剂混合，随后加入0.1-1.5g偶联剂，置于超声振荡仪中15-30分钟，并辅以匀速搅拌；②将8-13g聚氨酯快速加入步骤①中所配分散液体中，搅拌至液体黏度适合喷涂止；③使用去离子水对氮化硼超薄散热片冲洗，烘干后对其表面进行喷涂，并于100-140℃环境中放置2-4小时，即得到氮化硼填充聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜的制备。
2.如权利要求1所述一种在氮化硼超薄散热片上构建超疏水层的制备工艺，其特征在于，步骤①中的溶剂可选择为丙酮、乙醇和乙酸乙酯中任意一种，偶联剂可选择为全(十七)氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷、全(十七)氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷、全(十三)氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷和全(十三)氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷中任意一种。
3.权利要求1所述氮化硼填充聚合物基柔性超疏水薄膜应用于散热防水领域。
4.权利要求3所述应用，其特征在于，在300W的氙灯垂直照射下，将氮化硼填充聚合物基柔性薄膜和超疏水改性薄膜放置于20cm处，通过红外热成像仪观察热量分散情况，并记录二者表面温度的变化。
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