CN117331038A - Dynamic target simulation equipment and test method for carrier-based guided radar - Google Patents
Dynamic target simulation equipment and test method for carrier-based guided radar Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses dynamic target simulation equipment and a test method for a ship-borne guided radar, which mainly solve the problems of high implementation difficulty, high cost and space limitation in the prior art. The simulation device includes: antenna, host computer, data processor and power converter, wherein: the power converter provides direct current voltage for the host computer and the data processor respectively, the antenna receives signals from the guiding radar and transmits the signals to the host computer, the data processor generates different analog tracks according to settable analog parameters, and the host computer performs processing of sampling, A/D conversion, matched filtering, amplitude adjustment, amplification and D/A conversion on the received signals according to the analog tracks so as to generate corresponding moving target analog signals and feeds the corresponding moving target analog signals to the guiding radar through the antenna. The invention has low cost, convenient carrying and flexible use, can ensure that the tracking precision of the guiding radar meets the use requirement, and can be used for daily maintenance of the carrier-based guiding radar and performance detection and parameter calibration before important tasks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar measurement, and particularly relates to a dynamic target simulation test universal device which is used for performance test acceptance of ship-based guided radar series products, daily equipment detection maintenance and device calibration.
Background
The carrier-based guiding radar adopts a primary radar and a secondary radar to integrate redundancy design, wherein the primary radar is in an X frequency band, and the secondary radar is in a Ka frequency band. The primary radar working system utilizes the reflection phenomenon of an electromagnetic wave by a target to find the target and tracks the target in real time according to echo signal information. The secondary radar working system is a secondary radar system for guiding, wherein the secondary radar working system is formed by a guiding transponder arranged on an airplane and a guiding radar arranged on the ground. According to the using regulations and conventions of the ship-based guiding radar equipment, the guiding radar needs to carry out state inspection, performance evaluation and parameter calibration work before performance verification, important guarantee tasks, daily maintenance and the like.
At present, no special test equipment exists for the test of the ship-borne guide radar, and a test system is built for flight verification by adopting three sets of equipment, namely a guide transponder, an angle transmitter and a guide radar, which are actually arranged in the test process. Wherein:
the angle transmitter is made of metal plates and hung on the guide calibration machine, after electromagnetic waves of the guide radar are scanned to the angle reflector, the electromagnetic waves can generate stronger echo signals on the metal angle, and the guide radar calculates three-dimensional data of azimuth, pitching and distance of the guide calibration machine relative to the guide radar according to the echo signals, so that the detection of the primary radar performance radar is completed.
The guiding transponder consists of an antenna, a transceiver and a power supply, and is arranged on the guiding and calibrating machine, the guiding radar transmits an inquiry signal to the guiding transponder, and the guiding transponder judges and processes the inquiry signal after receiving the inquiry signal to form a response signal with accurate timing and then forwards the response signal to the guiding radar; the guide radar obtains three-dimensional data of azimuth, pitching and distance of the guide machine relative to the guide radar after a series of processing and calculation of the received response signals, thereby realizing the detection of the performance of the secondary radar.
The test system built by the guiding transponder, the angle transmitter and the guiding radar can better detect the performance and the state of the guiding radar, but the implementation difficulty and the cost are high and the risk is high because factors such as airspace application, guiding machine assistance, safety and the like can be involved in detection. Thus, a set of special test equipment is needed to calibrate the performance and parameters of the transceiving channel of the pilot radar before daily and important tasks.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the dynamic target simulation equipment and the test method for the carrier-based pilot radar, so that the complexity and the cost for constructing a pilot radar test system are reduced, and the carrier-based pilot radar is more convenient, efficient, safe and comprehensive in performance test and daily maintenance.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is realized as follows:
1. a dynamic target simulation system for a carrier-based guided radar, comprising: the antenna 4 and the power converter 3 are characterized by further comprising a host 1 and a data processor 2.
The host 1 includes:
the dual-band transceiver component 11 is configured to up-convert the intermediate frequency transmission signal to an X-band or Ka-band radio frequency signal, and down-convert the X-band or Ka-band radio frequency signal received by the antenna to an intermediate frequency signal;
an intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module 12 for acquiring and processing the intermediate frequency input signal;
the frequency synthesis module 13 is used for generating a receiving and transmitting radio frequency local oscillation frequency;
the GPS module 14 is configured to control the timing function of the command and the output state, that is, to generate accurate timing information with a second pulse as a starting point according to the working parameters sent by the ethernet, where the timing precision reaches ns level;
the data processor 2 comprises:
a simulation track generation module 21 for generating a simulation track according to the set simulation parameters;
the operation and display module 22 is used for running the simulation track generation module 21 and displaying simulation parameters.
Further, the power converter 3 is connected with the host 1 and the data processor 2 through power supply cables respectively; the antenna 4 is connected with the host 1 through a radio frequency cable.
Further, the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module (12) comprises:
an ADC conversion sub-module 121 for converting the received analog signal into a digital signal;
the FPGA processing submodule 122 is configured to perform matched filtering processing on the digital signal according to the distance towing parameter and the speed towing parameter;
a DAC conversion sub-module 123 for converting the calculated digital signal into an analog signal;
a gigabit network control submodule 124 for receiving a control command of the analog track generation module 21 and transmitting current target information;
the phase-locked loop sub-module 125 is configured to generate the acquisition clocks of the ADC conversion sub-module 121 and the DAC conversion sub-module 123.
Further, the simulation track generation module 21 includes:
a parameter setting sub-module 211 for setting a motion parameter of the simulation target;
a parameter storage sub-module 212 for storing motion parameters of the simulation target;
a parameter calculation sub-module 213 for calculating a motion parameter of the simulation target;
an analog control sub-module 214 for controlling the start and stop of the host;
a parameter transmission sub-module 215, configured to transmit the calculated motion parameter of the simulation target to the host 1 through the gigabit ethernet;
a synchronous output sub-module 216, configured to output motion parameters of the target simulation;
the real-time detection sub-module 217 is configured to collect a current system state during a working process, and display a real-time monitoring parameter of the system.
2. The method for testing the ship-borne guided radar by using the dynamic target simulation equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) The dynamic target simulation equipment is placed at a certain position in the range of the square wave beam in front of the radar antenna, and the antenna is fixed on the tripod;
2) Opening a power switch of the dynamic target simulation equipment, and starting self-checking;
3) After the self-checking is finished, setting moving target parameters on a simulated track generation module of the data processor according to the working requirement of the guided radar, wherein the parameters comprise: maximum distance, minimum distance, target distance and target speed, operating frequency, receive channel gain, transmit channel attenuation value, distance rate of change, and speed rate of change;
4) Clicking a start button to start the simulation equipment;
5) Guiding the radar to enter a working state of 'large area searching', searching and tracking a target analog signal generated by analog equipment, and calculating the distance R and the speed information v of the tracked target to obtain measurement data;
6) Analyzing and comparing the measured data with the moving target parameters stored in the dynamic target simulator, and calculating a guiding radar measurement error U;
7) And revising radar binding parameters according to the measurement error U so as to ensure that the measurement accuracy of the guiding radar meets the index requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the simulation equipment, as the host, the data processor and all the submodules are integrated, the simulation track is generated by adopting the settable frequency, distance, speed and other moving target parameters, and the echo simulating the real flying target is formed, so that the radar performance test and the binding parameter calibration are completed. The three sets of equipment of the guiding transponder, the corner reflector and the guiding radar are replaced to form a huge and complex testing system, so that the equipment cost is reduced, special requirements on a testing site are avoided, and the guiding radar can be tested conveniently, comprehensively, safely and efficiently.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a host according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a medium frequency acquisition processing module in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation track generation module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a test method implementation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The test of the ship-borne guiding radar needs to adopt three sets of equipment of a guiding transponder, an angle transmitter and a guiding radar which are actually equipped to build a set of test system for flight verification. After the electromagnetic wave of the guiding radar scans the corner reflector, the electromagnetic wave can generate a stronger echo signal on the metal corner, and the guiding radar calculates the square distance and speed of the guiding and correcting machine relative to the guiding radar according to the echo signal, so that the detection of the primary radar performance is completed. The guide radar transmits an inquiry signal to the guide transponder, the guide transponder judges and processes the inquiry signal after receiving the inquiry signal, forms a response signal with accurate timing, forwards the response signal to the guide radar, processes the response signal through sampling, down-conversion, filtering and the like, calculates the distance and the speed of the guide corrector relative to the guide radar, and accordingly detects the performance of the secondary radar.
According to the detection principle, special integrated test equipment is arranged in the embodiment to finish performance detection and parameter calibration of the carrier-based guiding radar.
Referring to fig. 1, the analog device of the present example includes a host 1, a data processor 2, a power converter 3, and an antenna 4. Wherein: the antenna 4 is connected with the host 1 in a bidirectional manner through a radio frequency cable, and is used for transmitting radio frequency signals received by the antenna 4 to the host 1 and transmitting radio frequency signals generated by the host 1 to the antenna 4; the data processor 2 is used for setting simulation motion parameters, generating simulation tracks and transmitting the simulation tracks to the host 1 through the Ethernet; the host 1 carries out matched filtering processing on the received radio frequency signals according to the simulated flight path to generate radio frequency signals with time delay and frequency difference, and the radio frequency signals are fed to a guiding radar antenna through an antenna 4 in a space mode; the power converter 3 is connected with the host computer 1 and the data processor 2 through power supply cables respectively, and is used for realizing the function of voltage conversion and converting external alternating voltage into direct voltage required by the operation of the host computer 1 and the data processor 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the host 1 includes: the system comprises a dual-frequency transceiver component 11, an intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module 12, a frequency tracking module 13 and a GPS module 14, wherein:
the dual-frequency transceiver component 11 is configured to filter, amplify, and downconvert a radio frequency signal received by the antenna 4 to form an intermediate frequency signal, transmit the intermediate frequency signal to the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module 12 through a radio frequency cable, and simultaneously filter, amplify, and upconvert an analog target intermediate frequency signal generated by the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module 12 to form a radio frequency signal, and transmit the radio frequency signal to the antenna 4 through the radio frequency cable;
the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module 12 is configured to perform matched filtering on the intermediate frequency signal from the dual-frequency transceiver module 11 according to the analog track generated by the data processor 2, generate an analog intermediate frequency signal with time delay and frequency offset, and transmit the analog intermediate frequency signal to the dual-frequency transceiver module 11 through a radio frequency cable;
the frequency tracking module 13 is configured to generate a transmit-receive local oscillation signal and a reference clock, transmit the local oscillation signal to the dual-frequency transmit-receive component 11, and transmit the reference clock to the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module 12;
the GPS module 14 is configured to control timing of commands and output states and acquire a current time, and transmit the current time to the intermediate frequency acquisition processing module 12.
Referring to fig. 3, the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module 12 includes: ADC conversion submodule 121, FPGA submodule 122, DAC submodule 123, gigabit network control submodule 124, phase-locked loop submodule 125, wherein:
the ADC conversion sub-module 121 is configured to uniformly sample an input intermediate frequency signal at a sampling rate not lower than twice the highest frequency thereof, convert the sampled analog signal into a digital signal, and transmit the digital signal to the FPGA sub-module 122;
the FPGA sub-module 122 performs matched filtering on the digital signal to obtain a current peak, performs parameter measurement with the peak as a reference point to obtain an amplitude and an arrival time of the interrogation signal, and performs amplitude adjustment on the digital signal and processing according to an analog track by using the measured amplitude to generate the interrogation signal with a time delay and a frequency offset, and transmits the interrogation signal to the DAC sub-module 123;
the DAC submodule 123 is configured to filter and convert the digital signal into an analog signal;
the gigabit network control submodule 124 is used for receiving the simulated flight path of the data processor 2 and sending the current target information;
the phase-locked loop sub-module 125 is configured to generate an acquisition clock, and transmit the acquisition clock to the ADC conversion sub-module 121 and the DAC conversion sub-module 123, respectively, to achieve signal synchronization.
Referring to fig. 4, the data processor 2 includes: a simulated track generation module 21 and an operation and display module 22, wherein:
the simulation track generation module 21 is configured to generate a simulation track according to simulation parameters, and is implemented in c++ language, and includes: a parameter setting sub-module 211, a parameter storage sub-module 212, a parameter calculation sub-module 213, a parameter transmission sub-module 214, an analog control sub-module 215, a synchronous output sub-module 216, and a real-time detection sub-module 217, all of which are installed in the data processor 2, wherein:
the parameter setting sub-module 211 is configured to set motion parameters of the simulation target, and includes: maximum distance of the simulation target, minimum distance of the simulation target, speed of the simulation target, working frequency of the simulation target, receiving channel gain of the simulation target, transmitting channel attenuation value of the simulation target, distance change rate and speed change rate of the simulation target;
the parameter storage sub-module 212 is configured to store motion parameters of the simulation target, and includes: storing a maximum distance of the simulation target, storing a minimum distance of the simulation target, storing a speed of the simulation target, storing a working frequency of the simulation target, storing a receiving channel gain of the simulation target, storing a transmitting channel attenuation value of the simulation target, storing a distance change rate of the simulation target and storing a speed change rate of the simulation target;
the parameter calculation sub-module 213 is configured to calculate a motion parameter of the simulation target, including: calculating the target distance of the simulation target, calculating the target speed of the simulation target and calculating the signal amplitude of the simulation target;
the parameter transmission sub-module 214 is configured to transmit the calculated motion parameter of the simulation target to the host 1 through gigabit ethernet;
the analog control sub-module 215 is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the host;
the synchronous output sub-module 216 is configured to output motion parameters of the target simulation, including: outputting the maximum distance of the target simulation, the minimum distance of the target simulation, the distance of the target simulation and the target speed of the target simulation;
the real-time detection sub-module 217 is configured to collect a current system state during a working process, and display a real-time monitoring parameter of the system.
The operation and display module 22 is installed in the data processor 2, and is interconnected with the intermediate frequency acquisition module 12 through a network cable, and is used for operating the simulation track generation module 21 and displaying simulation parameters.
Referring to fig. 5, the method for testing the ship-borne guide radar by using the above simulation test equipment comprises the following implementation steps:
step 1: and (5) erecting simulation equipment.
And (3) placing the dynamic target simulation equipment at a certain position in the range of the square wave beam in front of the radar antenna, fixing the antenna on the tripod, and turning on a power switch of the simulation equipment.
Step 2: parameters are set.
Setting corresponding moving target parameters according to the working requirement of the guiding radar, including: maximum distance, minimum distance, target distance and target speed, operating frequency, receive channel gain, transmit channel attenuation value, distance rate of change, and speed rate of change;
clicking the "run" button, the device begins to operate.
Step 3: placing the pilot radar in an operating state.
Clicking a radar start button, displaying a radar state column of a display interface in search, and when the radar is changed from the search to the tracking, indicating that the radar successfully tracks a simulation device signal, and guiding the radar to calculate the distance R and the speed v of a simulation target according to the simulation device signal to obtain measurement data;
step 4: calculating measurement errors and revising guide radar binding parameters.
4.1 The guiding radar measurement data is analyzed and compared with the moving target parameters stored in the simulation equipment, and a guiding radar measurement error U is calculated:
wherein a is a systematic error and sigma is a random error;
4.2 Revising radar binding parameters according to the error U, namely binding the original binding distance of zero R in a parameter list of a guiding radar display interface 0 Revised as R 0 +U, the original binding speed is zero V 0 Revised to V 0 +U to ensure that the accuracy of the pilot radar measurement meets the index requirements.
The foregoing description is only one specific example of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A dynamic target simulation system for a carrier-based guided radar, comprising: the antenna (4) and the power converter (3) are characterized by further comprising a host (1) and a data processor (2).
The host (1) comprises:
the dual-band transceiver component (11) is used for up-converting the intermediate frequency transmitting signal into an X-band or Ka-band radio frequency signal and down-converting the X-band or Ka-band radio frequency signal received by the antenna into an intermediate frequency signal;
the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module (12) is used for acquiring and processing the intermediate frequency input signals;
the frequency synthesis module (13) is used for generating the receiving and transmitting radio frequency local oscillation frequency;
the GPS module (14) is used for controlling the timing function of the command and the output state, namely, generating accurate timing information by taking a second pulse as a starting point according to working parameters sent by the Ethernet, wherein the timing precision reaches ns level;
the data processor (2) comprises:
a simulation track generation module (21) for generating a simulation track according to the set simulation parameters;
an operation and display (22) for running the simulation track generation module 21 and displaying simulation parameters.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein:
the power converter (3) is connected with the host (1) and the data processor (2) through power supply cables respectively;
the antenna (4) is connected with the host (1) through a radio frequency cable.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate frequency acquisition and processing module (12) comprises:
an ADC conversion sub-module (121) for converting the received analog signal into a digital signal;
the FPGA processing submodule (122) is used for carrying out matched filtering processing on the digital signals according to the distance towing parameters and the speed towing parameters;
a DAC conversion sub-module (123) for converting the calculated digital signal into an analog signal;
a gigabit network control submodule (124) for receiving control commands of the control and display module (21) and sending current target information;
and the phase-locked loop sub-module (125) is used for generating acquisition clocks of the ADC conversion sub-module (121) and the DAC conversion sub-module (123).
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control and display module (21) comprises:
a parameter setting sub-module (211) for setting a motion parameter of the simulation target;
a parameter storage sub-module (212) for storing motion parameters of the simulation target;
a parameter calculation sub-module (213) for calculating a motion parameter of the simulation target;
the parameter transmission sub-module (214) is used for transmitting the calculated motion parameters of the simulation target to the host (1) through the gigabit Ethernet;
an analog control sub-module (215) for controlling the start and stop of the host;
a synchronous output sub-module (216) for outputting motion parameters of the target simulation;
and the real-time detection sub-module (217) is used for collecting the current system state in the working process and displaying the real-time monitoring parameters of the system.
5. The method for testing the ship-borne guided radar by using the dynamic target simulation equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) The dynamic target simulation equipment is placed at a certain position in the range of the square wave beam in front of the radar antenna, and the antenna is fixed on the tripod;
2) Opening a power switch of the dynamic target simulation equipment, and starting self-checking;
3) After the self-checking is finished, setting moving target parameters on a control and display module of the data processor according to the working requirement of the guiding radar, wherein the parameters comprise: maximum distance, minimum distance, target distance and target speed, operating frequency, receive channel gain, transmit channel attenuation value, distance rate of change, and speed rate of change;
4) Clicking a start button to start the simulation equipment;
5) Guiding the radar to enter a working state of 'large area searching', searching and tracking a target analog signal generated by analog equipment, and calculating the distance R and the speed information v of the tracked target to obtain measurement data;
6) Analyzing and comparing the measured data with the moving target parameters stored in the dynamic target simulator, and calculating a guiding radar measurement error U;
7) And revising radar binding parameters according to the measurement error U so as to ensure that the measurement accuracy of the guiding radar meets the index requirement.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the distance R, velocity v of the tracked object is calculated in step 5) as follows:
R＝150τ
where τ is the simulated target delay time, f d In order to be a doppler frequency,let c be the speed of light and f be the current operating frequency of the pilot radar.
7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the step 6) of calculating the total error of measurement of the pilot radar comprises the following steps:
6a) Calculating a primary average difference delta between each set of pilot radar measurement data and the simulation device setup motion parameters i ：
Wherein delta is R For the one-time mean difference distance value, delta v For the primary average difference speed value, R is the measurement distance value of the guiding radar, v is the measurement speed value of the guiding radar, R True sense Target distance value, v, set for simulation device True sense A target distance value set for the simulation device;
6b) Calculating a systematic error a and a random error sigma according to the primary average difference value:
wherein n is the number of measurements;
6c) Calculating the total error U of the current measurement according to the system error a and the random error sigma:
8. the method according to claim 5, wherein the step 7) of revising the radar binding parameters according to the measurement error U is to bind the original binding distance zero R in the "parameter binding" column of the guiding radar display interface 0 Revised as R 0 +U, the original binding speed is zero V 0 Revised to V 0 +U。
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