CN117328916A - Rod and cable combined enhanced energy-absorbing anchor rod device - Google Patents
Rod and cable combined enhanced energy-absorbing anchor rod device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117328916A CN117328916A CN202311018883.4A CN202311018883A CN117328916A CN 117328916 A CN117328916 A CN 117328916A CN 202311018883 A CN202311018883 A CN 202311018883A CN 117328916 A CN117328916 A CN 117328916A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- anchor rod
- steel strand
- closing
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention discloses a rod and cable combined reinforced energy-absorbing anchor rod device, which comprises a hollow anchor rod body (2), a closing sleeve (1) and a steel strand (4); the tail part of the hollow anchor rod body (2) is provided with a convex-concave relief pressure shear section (3), the closing sleeve (1) is sleeved on the periphery of the pressure shear section (3) of the hollow anchor rod body, and the closing at the front end of the closing sleeve (1) is blocked at the convex position at the front part of the pressure shear section (3); the steel strand wires (4) pass through the centre bore of hollow stock body (2), and the both ends that steel strand wires (4) expose are fixed by steel strand wires ground tackle (5). The invention has the technical effects that: on one hand, the anchor cable is attached to the anchor rod, and the prestress required by the anchor cable is naturally formed in the process of deformation of surrounding rock, so that the technical defect that the existing anchor cable support adopts special equipment to apply prestress is overcome; on the other hand, the anchor rod forms gradually enhanced supporting force by means of the anchor rope, so that the problem of anchor rod failure under the condition that the sliding force of surrounding rock suddenly increases is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to surrounding rock supporting and reinforcing facilities, in particular to an anchor rod device.
Background
In the construction process of rock slope engineering and rock tunnel engineering, supporting and reinforcing measures are needed for an unstable area. The anchor bolt support is the most common and effective measure, and has the advantages of good support effect, simple construction, low cost and the like. However, the traditional anchor rod has low elongation, cannot adapt to the large deformation of surrounding rock of a deep roadway, and cannot work normally under the condition that the surrounding rock is deformed greatly, so that engineering accidents are induced by anchor rod support failure. When the surrounding rock is deformed greatly, the deformation energy of the surrounding rock in the roadway exceeds the bearable range of the anchor rod due to the large energy in the initial deformation stage, so that the binding force and friction between the anchor rod and the grouting body disappear or are greatly reduced, and finally the failure of the supporting structures such as the anchor rod is caused.
In addition, when the surrounding rock is deformed greatly, the rock is subjected to brittle fracture and damage, so that the expansion, connection and penetration phenomena of the inner structural surface, joints and cracks of the rock are generated, after the rock structural surface is penetrated, the damage force and the sliding force of the surrounding rock can be obviously increased, and the devices such as the traditional anchor rod, the pressure-bearing anchor rod and the constant-resistance anchor rod can only provide constant supporting force, so that when the sliding force of the surrounding rock is larger than the supporting force of the anchor rod, the anchor rod is often failed, and engineering disasters are caused.
The anchor cable support has stronger support force, but the anchor cable support needs to utilize prestress tensioning equipment in the construction process, and prestress related numerical values are generated through equipment work tensioning. The prestress tensioning equipment mainly comprises a jack (tensioning jack) for tensioning and an electric oil pump (tensioning oil pump) for tensioning, and the tension of the steel strands in the anchoring piece is increased to give prestress. Therefore, the anchor cable support construction difficulty is high, the requirement on construction equipment is high, and the construction cost is greatly increased.
The anchor rod does not need to additionally apply prestress, the anchor cable can work only by applying prestress, and the technical prejudice that the anchor rod and the anchor cable are supported independently is formed in the field due to different construction processes, and the anchor rod and the anchor cable are not used in combination any more.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical bias of surrounding rock support, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the combined reinforced energy-absorbing anchor rod device of the rod rope, which can provide reinforced support acting force for large deformation engineering, has the yielding action of the anchor rod, fully exerts the strength of the surrounding rock, omits the link of applying prestress in anchor rope construction, has the high-strength anchor rope support function, and solves the problems that the destructive power and the sliding force of the surrounding rock can be obviously increased after the rock structural surface is penetrated, and the anchor bolt support is unreliable.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the technical scheme that the hollow anchor rod comprises a hollow anchor rod body, a closing-in sleeve and a steel strand; the tail of the hollow anchor rod body is provided with a convex-concave relief pressure shear section, the closing sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the pressure shear section of the hollow anchor rod body, and the closing at the front end of the closing sleeve is blocked at the convex position at the front part of the pressure shear section; the steel strand passes through the central hole of the hollow anchor rod body, and the exposed two ends of the steel strand are fixed by the steel strand anchorage device.
The invention combines the anchor rod and the anchor cable, and overcomes the technical prejudice in the field. The anchor rod and the anchor cable are mutually supported and interacted in function, so that a brand new technical effect is obtained: on one hand, the anchor cable is attached to the anchor rod, and the prestress required by the anchor cable is naturally formed in the process of deformation of surrounding rock, so that the technical defect that the existing anchor cable support adopts special equipment to apply prestress is overcome; on the other hand, the anchor rod forms gradually enhanced supporting force by means of the anchor rope, so that the problem of anchor rod failure under the condition that the sliding force of surrounding rock suddenly increases is avoided.
The invention has the technical effects that:
1. the energy-absorbing buffer can adapt to large deformation generated by surrounding rock, can play a role in absorbing energy to sudden disasters such as tunnel rock burst, open stope slope blasting and the like, and has a buffering effect.
2. When the rock structural surface is penetrated, the destructive power and the sliding force of surrounding rock can be obviously increased, and the pulling force of the steel stranded wire and the shearing force of the anchor rod jointly act to provide supporting force for the anchor rod, so that gradually enhanced supporting force is formed, and the safety of engineering is effectively protected;
3. the steel strand is not required to be prestressed, the construction process is simpler, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
The drawings of the present invention are described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. closing up the sleeve; 2. a hollow anchor rod body; 3. pressing and shearing the segments; 4. steel strand; 5. steel strand anchor; 6. a nut; 7. a steel plate tray; 8. steel strand anchor tray.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
for clarity of description of the invention, the present patent application uses azimuth words "front end" and "tail" to distinguish, where the "front end" and "tail" refer to the placement mode according to fig. 1, the extending direction of the anchor rod is regarded as "front end", the portion near the grouting opening is regarded as "tail" of the anchor rod, and the change of azimuth names cannot be regarded as limiting the scope of patent protection.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises a hollow anchor rod body 2, a closing sleeve 1 and a steel strand 4; the tail of the hollow anchor rod body 2 is provided with a convex-concave relief pressure shear section 3, the closing sleeve 1 is sleeved on the periphery of the pressure shear section 3 of the hollow anchor rod body, and the closing at the front end of the closing sleeve 1 is blocked at the convex position at the front part of the pressure shear section 3; the steel strand 4 passes through the central hole of the hollow anchor rod body 2, and the exposed two ends of the steel strand 4 are fixed by a steel strand anchor 5.
The front end of the closing-in sleeve 1 has a closing-in inner diameter which is 0.5mm larger than the diameter of the hollow anchor rod body 2, and the maximum outer diameter of the pressing and shearing section 3 is 2.5-4.5 mm larger than the closing-in inner diameter of the closing-in sleeve 1. The maximum outer diameter of the pressing and shearing section 3 is larger than the closing-in inner diameter of the closing-in sleeve 1, the value can be adjusted according to the requirement, and the larger the difference value is, the larger the shearing force is.
The inner diameter of the closing sleeve 1 is 2-4 mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the hollow anchor rod pressing and shearing section 3.
The steel strand anchorage 5 is a universal anchor cable anchorage.
The materials of the hollow anchor rod body 2 and the closing sleeve 1 are Q345 or Q345B, the materials of the steel strand 4 are 1175 MPa, 1270 MPa, 1370 MPa, 1470 MPa and 1570 MPa, and the specific strength model and the specific diameter of the steel strand 4 are determined according to design requirements.
As shown in fig. 1, the steel plate anchor device further comprises a nut 6, a steel plate tray 7 and a steel strand anchor tray 8; the steel plate tray 7 and the nut 6 which are tightly attached to the surrounding rock wall are assembled at the tail part of the closing-in sleeve 1, the nut 6 is in threaded fit with the outer tube of the closing-in sleeve 1, and the nut 6 presses the steel plate tray 7; the steel strand anchor tray 8 is propped against the outer end face of the nut 6, the steel strand anchor 5 at one end of the steel strand presses the steel strand anchor tray 8, and the steel strand anchor 5 at the other end is buckled on the front end face of the hollow anchor rod body 2.
The installation mode of the invention is as follows:
firstly, a steel strand 4 passes through a central hole of a hollow anchor rod body 2, and the front end of the steel strand 4 is fixed by a steel strand anchor 5. The combined anchor rod device is sent into a drill hole, grouting irrigation is carried out on the front section of the hollow anchor rod body 2, the front section of the hollow anchor rod body is contacted with surrounding rock, and grouting irrigation is not carried out on the section 1 of the closing sleeve as an anchoring section; the nut 6 and the steel plate tray 7 lock the tail end of the closing sleeve 1 with the surrounding rock free surface; the tail end of the steel strand 4) is fixed by a steel strand anchor 5, and the steel strand anchor 5 is locked on a steel strand anchor tray 8, so that the whole anchor rod plays a role in supporting surrounding rock.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the surrounding rock is greatly deformed, the closing-in sleeve, the steel strand anchorage, the nut, the steel plate tray and the steel strand anchorage tray move along with the movement of the surrounding rock free surface, the convex part of the pressing and shearing section (namely, the part with the diameter larger than the closing-in inner diameter of the closing-in sleeve 1) is continuously sheared in the moving process of the closing-in sleeve, and the force generated by the convex part of the pressing and shearing section 3 sheared by the closing-in sleeve 1 provides supporting counter force for the anchor rod and absorbs the energy generated by the surrounding rock. When the anchor rod is manufactured, different supporting counter forces are obtained by changing the difference between the diameter of the pressure shear section 3 and the closing-in inner diameter of the closing-in sleeve 1, the larger the difference is, the larger the shearing force is, the larger the maximum outer diameter of the pressure shear section 3 is than the closing-in inner diameter of the closing-in sleeve 1, the larger value of the closing-in inner diameter of the closing-in sleeve 1 can be adjusted according to requirements, and the maximum outer diameter of the pressure shear section 3 is 2.5-4.5 mm larger than the closing-in inner diameter of the closing-in sleeve 1. In the process of large deformation of surrounding rock, the anchor rod can provide constant supporting force, gradually absorb energy released by deformation of the surrounding rock, and therefore stability of the surrounding rock is maintained.
Further, in the process of deformation of surrounding rock, the steel stranded wires 4 with the two ends constrained generate tensile force, so that the necessary prestress of the anchor cable is naturally formed, and the technical defect that the existing anchor cable support adopts special equipment to apply the prestress is overcome. Simultaneously, the pulling force and the shearing force of the steel strand 4 jointly act to provide supporting force for the anchor rod to form gradually enhanced supporting force, so that the problems that the destructive force and the sliding force of surrounding rock can be obviously increased after the rock structural surface is penetrated, and the existing anchor rod, the yielding anchor rod, the constant-resistance anchor rod and other devices are easy to fail are solved.
Claims (2)
1. A bar and cable combined reinforced energy-absorbing anchor rod device is characterized in that: comprises a hollow anchor rod body (2), a closing sleeve (1) and a steel strand (4); the tail part of the hollow anchor rod body (2) is provided with a convex-concave relief pressure shear section (3), the closing sleeve (1) is sleeved on the periphery of the pressure shear section (3) of the hollow anchor rod body, and the closing at the front end of the closing sleeve (1) is blocked at the convex position at the front part of the pressure shear section (3); the steel strand wires (4) pass through the centre bore of hollow stock body (2), and the both ends that steel strand wires (4) expose are fixed by steel strand wires ground tackle (5).
2. The cable combination enhanced energy absorbing anchor device of claim 1, wherein: the steel plate anchor device further comprises a nut (6), a steel plate tray (7) and a steel strand anchor tray (8); a steel plate tray (7) and a nut (6) which are tightly attached to the surrounding rock wall are assembled at the tail part of the closing-in sleeve (1), the nut (6) is in threaded fit with the outer tube of the closing-in sleeve (1), and the nut (6) presses the steel plate tray (7); the steel strand anchor tray (8) is propped against the outer end face of the nut (6), the steel strand anchor (5) at one end of the steel strand presses the steel strand anchor tray (8), and the steel strand anchor (5) at the other end buckles the front end face of the hollow anchor rod body (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311018883.4A CN117328916A (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Rod and cable combined enhanced energy-absorbing anchor rod device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311018883.4A CN117328916A (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Rod and cable combined enhanced energy-absorbing anchor rod device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117328916A true CN117328916A (en) | 2024-01-02 |
Family
ID=89281751
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311018883.4A Pending CN117328916A (en) | 2023-08-14 | 2023-08-14 | Rod and cable combined enhanced energy-absorbing anchor rod device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117328916A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-08-14 CN CN202311018883.4A patent/CN117328916A/en active Pending
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |