CN202117695U - Pressure releasing device comprising tray and assembly - Google Patents
Pressure releasing device comprising tray and assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN202117695U CN202117695U CN2011202107541U CN201120210754U CN202117695U CN 202117695 U CN202117695 U CN 202117695U CN 2011202107541 U CN2011202107541 U CN 2011202107541U CN 201120210754 U CN201120210754 U CN 201120210754U CN 202117695 U CN202117695 U CN 202117695U
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- pallet
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- country rock
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- tray
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a pressure releasing device comprising a tray and an assembly, which comprises an assembly of a flat tray and channel steel or an assembly of a dished tray and H-steel. The flat tray is connected with the channel steel, and the channel steel is connected a country rock, so that one pressure releasing device is formed by means of combination. The dished tray is connected with the H-steel, and the H-steel is connected with the country rock, so that another pressure releasing device is formed by means of combination. The pressure releasing device is simple in structure and convenient in use, has a larger transformative space guaranteeing effective, safe and reliable support of an anchor rod (cable) under the action of high-stress large-deformation soft rock or instant impact load, can effectively improve mechanical parameters of the strength of the country rock in an anchorage zone, elastic modulus, cohesion, internal friction angles and the like, and is widely applied to engineering fields of coal mines, metallurgical mines, underground engineering, railway tunnels, bridges, roads, buildings and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the device that rock is carried out supporting, is specifically related to the pressure device that lets of pallet and assembly composition.
Background technology
Geotechnical engineering anchor pole (rope) support technology is that application anchor pole or anchor cable are reinforced rock mass, can bring into play the stabilizing power of geotechnical body self fully, is a kind of little to the protolith disturbance, and speed of application is fast, safe and reliable and cost-effective reinforcing technique.Before bolt support technology is applied to rock mass engineering project, the human exploration that has just begun anchor pole effect essence.Along with enriching constantly of bolt support engineering practice, also approach comprehensive and accurate day by day about the understanding of the anchor pole mechanism of action.Since half a century, used the multiple method for designing and the support theory of bolt support technology about the underground construction tunnel and come out one after another, and in production practices, brought into play positive directive function.Yet; These theories exist some limitation mostly to some extent, and it is immature that suspension roof support is used under complex geological conditions, for example behind the underground engineering roadway excavation that around high stressed soft rock, excavates; The tunnel is subjected to the influence of crustal stress load; The drift section that it excavated be prone to produce bigger distortion or collapses, and when especially drift section was subjected to impact load that surrounding environment transmits, the drift section of excavation more was easy to generate large deformation or collapses greatly; Existing anchor pole or cable bolting technology exist does not effectively allow pressure device; If surrouding rock deformation is big or under the impact load effect, the power that is applied to anchor pole (rope) body of rod will sharply increase, it produces bigger distortion and can cause the axial stress in the anchor rod body to substantially exceed allowable stress even yield strength; The stress that causes anchor pole is concentrated and is caused unstable failure even fracture, causes the defective that suspension roof support was lost efficacy thus.
Shown in Figure 3 is single dish shape pallet, and it is highly stable that this single dish shape pallet only is suitable for country rock, and surrouding rock stress changes hour, just adopts single dish shape pallet and anchor pole (rope) combined supporting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of simple in structure; Easy to use; Guarantee that anchor pole (rope) supporting effectively, safely, reliably reduces or avoid the pressure device that lets of disrumpent feelings pallet of anchor pole (rope) and assembly composition under heavily stressed large deformation soft rock or the moment impact load action.
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art; The technical scheme of the utility model is to solve like this: the special character of pressure device that lets that a kind of pallet and assembly are formed is that the pressure device that lets that this pallet and assembly are formed comprises flat pallet and channel-section steel combination or butterfly pallet and i iron combination or single dish shape pallet; Said flat pallet is connected with channel-section steel and channel-section steel is connected with country rock and is combined as a kind of pressure device that lets, and said butterfly pallet is connected with i iron and i iron is connected with country rock and is combined as another and lets pressure device.
Said material pallet is metal material or engineering plastic materials.
Said pallet is plate-like or hub-like or hollow pole.
The utility model compared with prior art, and is simple in structure, easy to use; Device has a bigger permission deformation space, and this deformation space guarantees that anchor pole (rope) supporting effectively, safely, reliably reduces or avoid the characteristics of anchor pole (rope) destruction under heavily stressed large deformation soft rock or the moment impact load action; Establishing at anchor rod anchored end and to let pressure device, is to guarantee under the impregnable prerequisite of bolt support stress, lets the pressure device can the suitable for surrounding rock moderate finite deformation; Realize minimizing or avoid anchor pole to destroy that with release portion stress axial force and tangential force through anchor pole provides apply certain compressive stress to country rock; Improve mechanics parameters such as anchorage zone country rock body intensity, modulus of elasticity, cohesion and angle of internal friction to some extent; Improve country rock tension and shear strength, improve the surrouding rock stress state, dilatation distortion and destruction such as the absciss layer of control anchorage zone country rock, slip, OF; Avoid the appearance of country rock injurious deformation, improve the bulk strength and the stability of anchorage zone country rock.
The effect of anchor cable mainly is that the secondary bearing bed that bolt support forms is linked to each other with the crucial bearing bed of country rock, gives full play to the supporting capacity of deep wall rock, and rock mass is in larger scope carried jointly, improves the resistance to overturning of support system.Be widely used in industries such as colliery, metallurgical mine, underground construction, railway tunnel, prestressed bridge fine strain of millet, highway, building with prestressed reinforcement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is flat pallet and channel-section steel composite unit structure sketch map;
Fig. 2 is butterfly pallet and i iron composite unit structure sketch map;
Fig. 3 is a monomer butterfly pallet structural representation;
Fig. 4 is butterfly pallet and i iron assembly load-deformation curve figure;
Fig. 5 is flat pallet and channel-section steel combined load-deformation curve figure;
Fig. 6 is reinforcement stresses-strain curve figure;
Fig. 7 is the load-deformation curve figure of butterfly pallet.
The specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing is the embodiment of the utility model.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing summary of the invention is described further:
With reference to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; A kind of pallet and assembly are formed lets pressure device; The pressure device that lets that this pallet and assembly are formed comprises flat pallet 1 and channel-section steel 2 combinations or butterfly pallet 4 and i iron 5 combination or single dish shape pallets 4; Said flat pallet 1 is connected with channel-section steel 2 and channel-section steel 2 is connected with country rock 3 and is combined as a kind of pressure device that lets, and said butterfly pallet 4 is connected with i iron 5 and i iron 5 is connected with country rock 3 and is combined as another and lets pressure device.
Said anchor rod body one end is inserted in the country rock 3, and the other end penetrates the centre bore of assembly (channel-section steel or i iron), pallet (flat pallet or butterfly pallet) successively, and the afterbody through nut and anchor pole (rope) is fixed together at last.
Said material pallet is metal material or engineering plastic materials.
Said pallet is plate-like or hub-like or hollow pole.
The stress and the mechanical characteristic of anchor pole (rope)
Anchor pole (rope) is a kind of rod component with the material of metal or other high tensile performances.Anchor member mainly comprises members such as anchor rod body, pallet, nut.These members and effect thereof are the bases of bolt support technology, and their mechanical property directly affects the performance of bolt support effect.
Country rock is to the effect of anchor pole (rope)
Load and distortion thereof that anchor pole (rope) is suffered; Come from the distortion in country rock self equilibrium process or break; Country rock comprises to the effect of anchor pole that surrouding rock deformation tends towards stability in the process and puts on axial stress and the sinking of country rock on the anchor pole through anchored end; Distortion, crack, the shear stress that slippage etc. cause.
The deformation behaviour difference of country rock and anchor pole is the prerequisite that principle of axial anchorage force of bolt produces, and this species diversity is distortion and the inconsistent main cause of displacement that both produced under same force field; Combination between anchor pole and rock mass is the assurance that produces anchored force; The relative different that certain change just can produce between anchor pole and rock mass distortion and displacement takes place in the surrouding rock stress field after installing anchor pole.Therefore, anchorage style, auxiliary part, the deformation characteristic difference of anchor pole and country rock and the change of surrouding rock stress field etc. are the principal elements that influences axial force distribution characteristics and distortion.
The stress and the deformation characteristic of anchor pole (rope)
In a single day country rock is set up the active force of anchor pole; Will on anchor pole, produce stress and distortion; This stress mainly acts on anchor rod body and the pallet with distortion, is main with the axial force distribution characteristics, and the relation of its stress and distortion depends on properties of materials and anchor structure characteristic.
Shown in Figure 6 is reinforcement stresses-strain curve; For the reinforced anchor bolt body of rod under the effect of axial force; Its stress-strain diagram is basic identical with the stress-strain diagram of mild steel, and the maximum permissible stress of the reinforcing bar body of rod is generally about 70～80% of its yield strength in Design of bolt support.According to the argumentation of LITTLEJOHN and BROCE (1975), 0.1% proof stress is equivalent to 83.5% permissible stress.For general Q235 reinforcing bar commonly used, its yield strength y is 235MPa, and its permissible stress is between 164.5-188MPa, and its allowable strain is 0.082～0.094% of a reinforcing bar length
,Its fairness limit for the long anchor rod body of 2～3m has only 2～3 ㎜.If surrouding rock deformation is big or under the impact load effect; The power that is applied to anchor rod body will sharply increase; It produces bigger distortion and can cause the axial stress in the anchor rod body to substantially exceed permissible stress even yield strength, and the stress that causes anchor pole is concentrated and caused unstable failure even fracture.The anchor rod body bearing capacity changes with the difference of body of rod diameter in the engineering, is generally between 50～100kN.Anchor cable stress deformation rule and anchor rod body are basic identical, but the distortion during rupture failure is much littler than anchor rod body.
Pallet is an important component of realizing the bolt support effect, after anchor pole anchors into country rock, is bearing radial compressive stress; Axial friction and pallet are among the triaxial stress state country rock to the supporting force of country rock, thereby effectively control the sinking of country rock; Distortion is broken and the growth in crack etc.And surrouding rock stress passes to anchor rod body through pallet, accomplishes the anchor pole effect of bolt support, and the acting in conjunction of the two reaches the purpose of reinforcing country rock.
Shown in Figure 7 is the load-deformation curve figure of butterfly pallet, can find out that from load-deformation curve butterfly pallet can produce the distortion of 2～12 ㎜ under the load action of 50～100kN.Therefore visible; Under heavily stressed large deformation situation, utilize the distortion of butterfly pallet, can the stress that act on the body of rod be given the part dissipation; Anchor rod body is remained on allow under the safe stress state and have certain safety stock; Thereby play effective yield supporting effect, but make the compressive strain amount less, can not satisfy the requirement of large deformation country rock yield supporting.
Large deformation lets the purpose of pressure device
Destroy anchor pole (rope) destruction problem in the roadway support to broken the rising of large deformation in the high stressed soft rock bolt-spary supports; In order to improve the prop security reliability; Adopt butterfly pallet realize " release " or " let pressure ", make anchor pole (rope) prop can adapt to bigger distortion and do not destroy.
Let the design of pressure device
According to the mechanical characteristic and the effect of pallet in bolt support of anchor pole (rope), think and utilize the tray combination body structure to let pressure can obtain good supporting effect.
(1), shown in Figure 5 is flat pallet and channel-section steel combined load-deformation curve figure; Flat pallet is placed on the channel-section steel makes an experiment; Test is found to be 80KN to the maximum at the anchor rod body bearing capacity from beginning to be loaded into flat pallet generation yield deformation, and flat pallet is about 25mm by compressive strain.Simultaneously under the effect of channel-section steel outer load, deform easily even bottom break occurs.So can only realizing moderate finite deformation under less than the load of 80KN, flat pallet and channel-section steel assembly let the pressure effect.
(2), shown in Figure 4 is butterfly pallet and i iron assembly load-deformation curve figure; Can find out from butterfly pallet and the test of i iron assembly; Relation at the starting stage stress and strain that is out of shape is a straight line; Represent that this stage stress and strain is proportional, reach the pairing 10mm of being deformed into of limit of proportionality, be in 2～12mm excursion.The second stage of distortion is the broken line part; First peak value, 100 kN appear in load, let the distortion of pressure device increase considerably, and load descend to some extent; Pallet height was reduced to 2/3 o'clock; The dish sphere produces surrender, and the ascent stage thereafter is the large deformation stage of pallet, and the distortion of pallet simultaneously makes the stress that acts on the anchor pole remain within the allowable stress scope of anchor rod body.The increase of final stage stress is out of shape almost constant very soon, and this moment, pallet contacted with the i iron bottom, and the load that acts on the pallet is born by i iron in fact entirely.When acting on the anchor rod body load when being 100kN to the maximum, compressive strain can be reached more than the 50mm.This shows that the combination of butterfly pallet and i iron can realize that large deformation lets the pressure effect.
(3), let from two kinds and press the assembly analysis of experiments; That all can realize moderate finite deformation lets the pressure effect; Its bearing capacity and distortion have certain rules; In case the size assembly of deflection confirms that the back is basic and changes not quite that and the thickness of bearing capacity and pallet, shape and structure etc. are relevant, can design the pressure device that lets that satisfies different load requirements in practical applications in view of the above.
The down-hole type approval test
Adopt the disrumpent feelings problem of tunnel anchor cable/rod large tracts of land to certain ore deposit machine; Adopt the anchor cable joist to add dish-like pallet outward by the pressure device supporting scheme; Anchor cable prestressing force is decreased to 70kN by 100kN; Simultaneously anchor cable length has been proposed reasonable proposal, anchor cable is unsuitable long, and anchored end gets into sandstone 1500mm can obtain good effect.
Through detecting and observing, produce at the country rock body under the situation of moderate finite deformation, the cable bolting body has produced bigger distortion simultaneously by pressure device; Reach 50～60mm; But the stressed of anchor cable still is in the safe allowed band, the situation of anchor cable fracture do not occur, and the tunnel is in stable.This shows, let the success of the test of pressure device not only can solve the disrumpent feelings problem of anchor cable that impact load brings, also lay a good foundation for solving heavily stressed roadway with large deformation supporting.
In sum, the utility model has following some conclusion through the down-hole type approval test:
(1) the deformation behaviour difference of country rock and anchor pole is the prerequisite that the anchor pole active force produces.Load that anchor pole is suffered and distortion thereof come from the distortion in country rock self equilibrium process or break, and anchor pole suppresses surrouding rock deformation and further developing of breaking with himself rigidity and intensity.So the relation between anchor pole and the country rock will produce material impact to the stability of country rock.
(2) anchor pole (rope) is the chief component of bolt support, and in a single day country rock is set up the active force of anchor pole, will on anchor pole, produce stress and distortion, and whether this stress is in the safe range with distortion, is the key index of estimating the supporting success or not.Particularly broken the rising of heavily stressed large deformation destroyed in the roadway support, extensive damage often appears in anchor pole (rope), guarantees that anchor pole (rope) is safe and effective, to reducing or avoiding anchor cable destruction very important.
(3) experimental study shows; Adopt butterfly pallet and assembly thereof by pressure device; Can make the stress that acts on the anchor pole give part and dissipate, and adapt to bigger surrouding rock deformation, thereby make anchor pole can bear bigger load; And can be operated within the stress range of permission, thereby improve the reliability of bolt support.
(4) carry out type approval test through the down-hole; The compressive strain effect that lets of butterfly pallet and assembly thereof has obtained effective checking; Can solve the disrumpent feelings problem of anchor pole that high stressed soft rock large deformation and impact load bring, significant to the application that promotes geotechnical engineering field anchor pole (rope) support technology.
Claims (3)
1. pallet and assembly are formed lets pressure device; It is characterized in that the pressure device that lets that this pallet and assembly are formed comprises flat pallet (1) and channel-section steel (2) combination or butterfly pallet (4) and i iron (5) combination; Said flat pallet (1) is connected with channel-section steel (2) and channel-section steel (2) is connected with country rock (3) and is combined as a kind of pressure device that lets, and said butterfly pallet (4) is connected with i iron (5) and i iron (5) is connected with country rock (3) and is combined as another and lets pressure device.
2. described pallet of root root claim 1 and assembly are formed lets pressure device, it is characterized in that said material pallet is metal material or engineering plastic materials.
3. root root claim 1 or 2 described pallets and assembly are formed lets pressure device, it is characterized in that said pallet is plate-like or hub-like or hollow pole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202107541U CN202117695U (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Pressure releasing device comprising tray and assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202107541U CN202117695U (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Pressure releasing device comprising tray and assembly |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202117695U true CN202117695U (en) | 2012-01-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011202107541U Expired - Fee Related CN202117695U (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Pressure releasing device comprising tray and assembly |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102767386A (en) * | 2012-08-05 | 2012-11-07 | 曹君陟 | Anchor rod scour-prevention yielding component and processing and usage method of component |
| CN102877869A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-16 | 山东科技大学 | Grout plugging yielding tray for grouting anchor rod or anchor cable and usage method thereof |
| CN104018861A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-09-03 | 河南理工大学 | Pre-stressing box-type supporting plate |
| CN113217055A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-06 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Sectional type energy-absorbing anchor rod cable adapting to deformation of block-tied rock mass |
| CN113217055B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-05-31 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Segmented energy-absorbing anchor rod cable suitable for deformation of block rock mass |
-
2011
- 2011-06-21 CN CN2011202107541U patent/CN202117695U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102767386A (en) * | 2012-08-05 | 2012-11-07 | 曹君陟 | Anchor rod scour-prevention yielding component and processing and usage method of component |
| CN102767386B (en) * | 2012-08-05 | 2015-12-02 | 曹君陟 | A kind of anchor pole erosion control allow pressure component processing method |
| CN102877869A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-16 | 山东科技大学 | Grout plugging yielding tray for grouting anchor rod or anchor cable and usage method thereof |
| CN104018861A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-09-03 | 河南理工大学 | Pre-stressing box-type supporting plate |
| CN113217055A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-06 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Sectional type energy-absorbing anchor rod cable adapting to deformation of block-tied rock mass |
| CN113217055B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-05-31 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Segmented energy-absorbing anchor rod cable suitable for deformation of block rock mass |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120118 Termination date: 20140621 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |