CN211395370U

CN211395370U - Suspension bridge anchorage

Info

Publication number: CN211395370U
Application number: CN201921856923.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王腾飞; 胡骏; 陆金海; 曹春明; 余家福
Original assignee: China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance and Design Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance and Design Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-31
Filing date: 2019-10-31
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a suspension bridge anchorage relates to suspension bridge anchorage design construction technical field. The device comprises a pilot tunnel, a first anchor chamber and a second anchor chamber which are obliquely arranged, wherein the length of the pilot tunnel is configured to be that the thickness of a rock stratum on one side below a terminal of the pilot tunnel is not less than a preset thickness, the first anchor chamber is arranged below the pilot tunnel and communicated with the terminal of the pilot tunnel, a steering piece is arranged in the first anchor chamber and positioned at the position, with the thickness not less than the preset thickness, of the rock stratum, the second anchor chamber is vertically arranged below the first anchor chamber and communicated with the first anchor chamber, an anchor block is filled in the second anchor chamber, and a fixing component is embedded in the anchor block. The utility model provides a pair of suspension bridge anchorage, its structure advantage that has combined tunnel anchor and gravity anchor simultaneously is applicable to the broken district of precipitous sloping ground and rock mass.

Description

Suspension bridge anchorage

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a suspension bridge anchorage design construction technical field, concretely relates to suspension bridge anchorage.

Background

The suspension bridge is a preferred bridge type for super-large span bridges due to the excellent spanning capability, is an ideal bridge type for spanning canyons, rivers and straits, and has very wide application prospect in western regions of mountains in China. The suspension bridge is a flexible structure and mainly comprises four parts, namely a main beam, a tower pier, a cable and an anchorage, wherein the anchorage is a main bearing structure of the suspension bridge and is also a key part for anchoring the main cable by the suspension bridge, the main function of the anchorage is to transmit the tension of the main cable to a foundation, the general suspension bridge anchorage is divided into a self-anchoring type and a ground anchoring type, and the ground anchoring type can be divided into a gravity anchor and a tunnel anchor.

The tunnel anchor can well combine the engineering geological conditions of an anchor site area, the combined action of the anchor plug body and the surrounding rock mass is utilized, the engineering scale of the tunnel anchor is generally far smaller than that of a gravity anchor with the same bearing capacity, and the anchor is an anchor structure form which is small in size, avoids large-scale excavation, saves investment and has small influence on the surrounding environment. However, the existing tunnel anchors are generally only suitable for being arranged on hard rock bodies with good surrounding rock conditions, a few tunnel anchors are arranged in soft rock, the integrity of the rock bodies where the tunnel anchors are located is good, and the huge uplift resistance provided by the clamping effect of the surrounding rock can be fully utilized. When the rock mass joint structure development belongs to broken rock and even clastic rock, the surrounding rock is difficult to provide effective clamping effect for the anchor plug body; the large-area, large-angle and variable-section anchor chamber underground excavation construction difficulty is very large, the construction safety is difficult to guarantee, and the construction efficiency is extremely low, so that the tunnel anchor is not suitable for the condition.

The gravity anchor utilizes the horizontal component of the pulling force of the main cable to be balanced by friction force, so that the weight of the gravity anchor is huge, construction is generally carried out in the modes of slope releasing, vertical enclosure, open caisson and the like on land, a large construction site is needed, when a mountain area at a bridge site and the ground slope is steep, a mountain body needs to be excavated in a large scale, high slope protection is set, and the construction difficulty is high, the environment is damaged, and the implementation is difficult in the case.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the defect that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a suspension bridge anchorage, its structural advantage who has combined tunnel anchor and gravity anchor simultaneously is applicable to steep hillside fields and the broken section of rock mass.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical proposal that:

the length of the guide hole is configured to be not less than a preset thickness of the rock stratum on the side below the terminal end of the guide hole;

the first anchor chamber is arranged below the pilot hole and communicated with the terminal of the pilot hole, a steering piece is arranged in the first anchor chamber, and the steering piece is positioned at the rock stratum with the thickness not less than the preset thickness;

the second anchor chamber is vertically arranged below the first anchor chamber and communicated with the first anchor chamber, an anchor block is filled in the second anchor chamber, and a fixing assembly is embedded in the anchor block.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the suspension bridge anchorage further comprises a main cable, one end of the main cable is used for being fixed on the suspension bridge, the other end of the main cable sequentially penetrates through the pilot tunnel and the first anchor chamber, and is turned by the turning piece when passing through the first anchor chamber, and is dispersed into a plurality of steel strands arranged side by side at intervals after being turned, and one ends of the steel strands, far away from the turning piece, are sequentially connected with the fixing assemblies respectively.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the fixing assembly comprises a plurality of anchoring pieces which are arranged at intervals, each anchoring piece is connected with one of the corresponding steel strands, and the plurality of anchoring pieces are arranged side by side along a preset direction, so that the length change range among the steel strands is as small as possible.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the change range of the included angle between the plurality of steel strands and the horizontal direction is 60-90 degrees.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the top of the anchor block is parallel to the preset direction.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the cross section of the first anchor chamber is of a circular or rounded rectangular structure with a uniform section or a variable section, and the cross section of the second anchor chamber is of a circular or rounded rectangular structure with a uniform section.

On the basis of the technical scheme, pilot tunnel, first anchor room and second anchor room all include first lining cutting, pilot tunnel and first anchor room are still including pasting and locate separately secondary lining cutting on the first lining cutting inner wall, wherein, the thickness of the secondary lining cutting of first anchor room is greater than the thickness of the secondary lining cutting of pilot tunnel.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

the utility model provides a suspension bridge anchorage, it is including the pilot tunnel that the slope set up, the second anchor room of vertical setting and the first anchor room of connecting pilot tunnel and second anchor room, wherein, the length of pilot tunnel is decided according to the rock stratum thickness of its terminal below one side, stop the excavation promptly when detecting the rock stratum of its terminal below one side and reach predetermined thickness, and make the indoor steering member of first anchor be located the rock stratum department that thickness is not less than predetermined thickness, because the second anchor room is vertical setting, consequently, the steering member need be used for turning to of main cable, when turning to, steering member department produces great horizontal force, the sufficient rock stratum thickness of steering member department can balanced horizontal force this moment, guarantee overall structure's stability. In addition, the second anchor room of vertical setting is favorable to the construction excavation, compares in the excavation mode of slope setting, and vertical setting does benefit to the slagging tap to do benefit to and accelerate the efficiency of construction, wherein, the second anchor room of vertical setting also is favorable to being located its gravitational effect of anchor block full play in it, utilizes the pulling force of its weight balance main push-towing rope, plays the fixed action to the main push-towing rope, provides corresponding pulling force for the bridge, guarantees overall structure's stability, and the anchor block volume of this suspension bridge anchorage also is less than the gravity anchor, reduces the engineering scale.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a suspension bridge anchorage in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pilot tunnel of a suspension bridge anchorage in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first anchor chamber of a suspension bridge anchorage in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a suspension bridge anchor in an embodiment of the present invention when applied.

In the figure: 1-pilot tunnel, 2-first anchor chamber, 20-steering member, 21-steering member foundation, 3-second anchor chamber, 30-anchor block, 31-fixing component, 4-primary lining, 40-anchor rod, 41-steel frame, 42-concrete layer, 5-secondary lining, 6-main cable and 60-steel strand.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the embodiment of the utility model provides a suspension bridge anchorage, pilot tunnel 1 including the slope setting, first anchor room 2 and second anchor room 3, wherein, the length configuration of pilot tunnel 1 is for the rock stratum thickness of its terminal below one side not to be less than predetermined thickness, the below of pilot tunnel 1 is located to first anchor room 2 and communicates with the terminal of pilot tunnel 1, be equipped with a steering member 20 in the first anchor room 2, and steering member 20 is located the rock stratum department that thickness is not less than predetermined thickness, the vertical below of locating first anchor room 2 of second anchor room 3 and communicates with first anchor room 2, second anchor room 3 intussuseption is equipped with anchor block 30, buried fixed subassembly 31 underground in the anchor block 30. The suspension bridge anchorage further comprises a main cable 6, one end of the main cable 6 is used for being fixed on the suspension bridge, the other end of the main cable sequentially penetrates through the pilot tunnel 1 and the first anchor chamber 2, and is turned by the turning piece 20 when passing through the first anchor chamber 2, and is dispersed into a plurality of steel strands 60 which are arranged side by side at intervals after being turned, and one ends of the steel strands 60, far away from the turning piece 20, are sequentially connected with the fixing assemblies 31 respectively.

Specifically, the suspension bridge anchorage is generally located in a mountain rock stratum, the specific position is determined according to the actual position of the suspension bridge, when the pilot tunnel 1 is excavated, the length of the pilot tunnel 1 is determined according to the thickness of the rock stratum on one side below a terminal, when the thickness of the rock stratum on one side below the terminal can reach the preset thickness, the length of the pilot tunnel 1 can be determined, and due to the fact that the cross section of the pilot tunnel is small, the length of the pilot tunnel is increased little for increasing the whole engineering scale, and the construction difficulty is small. The first anchor chamber 2 is excavated below the pilot tunnel 1, and the steering member 20 is arranged in the first anchor chamber 2, because the steering member 20 is used for steering the main cable 6, it is known that the main cable 6 generally bears a large pulling force, and therefore, when the main cable is steered by the steering member 20, the steering member 20 bears a large horizontal force applied towards the direction of the rock stratum behind the steering member 20, if the thickness of the rock stratum behind the steering member 20 is thin, the rock stratum may be cracked or broken, the suspension bridge loses the pulling force and the supporting force, and a great potential safety hazard is brought to the bridge body. The rock formation thickness behind the steering element 20 is ensured, whereby the stability and safety of the bridge structure is also ensured.

It is known that the anchor chamber of the tunnel anchor is inclined mainly because the region where the anchor chamber is used is a region where the rock stratum is hard and the geological condition is stable, and therefore the principle of the anchor chamber is correspondingly that the clamping effect between the rock strata is used for providing the pulling resistance, and the tunnel anchor is not suitable for the broken rock region where the rock stratum is broken. This anchorage sets up the second anchor room 3 of vertical setting, and the second anchor room 3 of vertical setting can exert the gravitational effect that is located its inside anchor block 30 to the at utmost, utilizes the pulling force of the weight balance main push-towing rope of anchor block, makes its one end that can be better fixed main push-towing rope 6, need not rely on the stratum to provide too big withdrawal resistance, consequently also can guarantee the stability and the safety of pontic structure when adopting in broken stratum. In addition, also because second anchor room 3 is vertical setting, consequently, main push-towing rope 6 needs the direction that corresponds second anchor room 3 to realize the transform of direction, consequently need set up in first anchor room 2 and turn to piece 20, the stratum thickness that requires to turn to piece 20 department simultaneously reaches predetermined required thickness, satisfy its load requirement in proper order, in addition, because the mode of vertical setting makes anchor block 30 can full play gravity effect, make the anchor body volume reduce, thereby reduce engineering scale and degree of difficulty, and the vertical excavation is more little than the slope excavation degree of difficulty.

Referring to fig. 1, the fixing assembly 31 includes a plurality of anchors disposed at intervals, each anchor is connected to a corresponding one of the steel strands 60, and the anchors are disposed side by side along a predetermined direction, so that a length variation range between the steel strands 60 is as small as possible, thereby ensuring that the stress between each steel strand 60 is equal. In addition, the top of the anchor block 30 is parallel to the predetermined direction, so that the length variation range of the whole steel strand 60 or the steel strand 60 exposed outside the anchor block 30 is as small as possible, which is beneficial to the stability of the whole structure. The variation range of the included angle between the plurality of steel strands 60 and the horizontal direction is 60-90 degrees.

Further, the cross section of the first anchor chamber 2 is of a circular or rounded rectangular structure with a constant section or a variable section, and the cross section of the second anchor chamber 3 is of a circular or rounded rectangular structure with a constant section. Because first anchor room 2 and second anchor room 3 both are relatively big, the circular or fillet rectangle structure of uniform cross-section can better atress, can better resist the country rock pressure at the construction stage, makes preliminary bracing and two lining structures safety and stability. In addition, the first anchor chamber 2 and the second anchor chamber 3 are constructed by adopting a vertical shaft method, the construction difficulty in a broken rock stratum is reduced by a vertical downward construction mode, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, each of the pilot tunnel 1, the first anchor room 2 and the second anchor room 3 includes a primary lining 4, and the pilot tunnel 1 and the first anchor room 2 further include a secondary lining 5 attached to an inner wall of the respective primary lining 4, wherein the thickness of the secondary lining 5 of the first anchor room 2 is greater than the thickness of the secondary lining 5 of the pilot tunnel 1. Specifically, primary lining 4 includes stock 40, steelframe 41 and the concrete layer 42 that many intervals set up side by side, and stock 40 inlays on locating corresponding rock stratum, and steelframe 41 links to each other with stock 40, and concrete layer 42 lays in steelframe 41 and keeps away from on the one side of stock 40.

The suspension bridge anchorage combines the structural advantages of a tunnel anchor and a gravity anchor, adopts the lengthened pilot tunnel 1 and the vertically arranged second anchor chamber 3, fixes the main cable 6 through the anchor block 30 positioned at the bottom of the second anchor chamber 3, and ensures that the thickness of the rock stratum at the position of the steering part 20 is not less than the preset thickness by controlling the length of the pilot tunnel 1, overcomes the limitation that the tunnel anchor can only be applied to areas with better geological conditions, and also overcomes the characteristics of huge weight of the gravity anchor and difficult construction process.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any person can obtain other products in various forms without departing from the scope of the present invention, but any change in shape or structure is within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a suspension bridge anchorage, its locates in the massif rock stratum, its characterized in that, it includes:

the guide hole (1) is obliquely arranged, and the length of the guide hole (1) is configured to be not less than a preset thickness of the rock stratum on the side below the terminal end of the guide hole;

the first anchor chamber (2) is arranged below the pilot tunnel (1) and is communicated with the terminal end of the pilot tunnel (1), a steering piece (20) is arranged in the first anchor chamber (2), and the steering piece (20) is positioned at the rock stratum with the thickness not less than the preset thickness;

the second anchor chamber (3) is vertically arranged below the first anchor chamber (2) and communicated with the first anchor chamber (2), an anchor block (30) is filled in the second anchor chamber (3), and a fixing assembly (31) is buried in the anchor block (30).

2. A suspension bridge anchorage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the suspension bridge anchorage further comprises a main cable (6), one end of the main cable (6) is used for being fixed on the suspension bridge, the other end of the main cable sequentially penetrates through the pilot tunnel (1) and the first anchor chamber (2), the main cable is turned through the turning piece (20) when passing through the first anchor chamber (2), the main cable is dispersed into a plurality of steel strands (60) which are arranged side by side at intervals after being turned, and one ends, far away from the turning piece (20), of the steel strands (60) are sequentially connected with the fixing assembly (31) respectively.

3. A suspension bridge anchorage as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fixing assembly (31) comprises a plurality of anchoring pieces which are arranged at intervals, each anchoring piece is connected with one corresponding steel strand (60), and the anchoring pieces are arranged side by side along a preset direction, so that the length change range among the steel strands (60) is as small as possible.

4. A suspension bridge anchorage as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the change range of the included angle between the steel strands (60) and the horizontal direction is 60-90 degrees.

5. A suspension bridge anchorage as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the top of the anchor block (30) is parallel to the predetermined direction.

6. A suspension bridge anchorage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the first anchor chamber (2) is of a circular or rounded rectangle structure with a uniform section or a variable section, and the cross section of the second anchor chamber (3) is of a circular or rounded rectangle structure with a uniform section.

7. A suspension bridge anchorage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: pilot tunnel (1), first anchor room (2) and second anchor room (3) all include first lining cutting (4), pilot tunnel (1) and first anchor room (2) are still located separately including the subsides secondary lining cutting (5) on first lining cutting (4) inner wall, wherein, the thickness of secondary lining cutting (5) of first anchor room (2) is greater than the thickness of secondary lining cutting (5) of pilot tunnel (1).