CN117323273A - 一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，包括如下质量份数的成分：表面活性剂10‑30份、保湿剂1‑3份、改性纳米银2‑4份、分散剂1‑2份、植物萃取物2‑5份、抗菌剂、增稠剂、pH调节剂、水；其中，所述改性纳米银是纳米银经羟基化后接枝聚丙烯酸所得的产物；所述分散剂是丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的共聚物。本发明含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液中的改性纳米银和植物萃取物复配使用能提高洗手液的抗菌效果，而且改性纳米银和丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯共聚物分散剂之间存在协同增效作用，使得洗手液的抗菌性能、保湿效果和稳定性更加优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及个人护理技术领域，特别是涉及一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们对健康和卫生的重视程度不断提升，洗手液作为日常生活中必不可少的清洁用品，其抗菌效果和保湿性能越来越受到关注。洗手液是一种用于清洁双手的液体清洁剂，其主要功能是去除手部的污垢和细菌，保持双手的清洁和卫生。传统的洗手液主要依靠化学合成的抗菌成分来实现抗菌效果，但这些合成成分可能对皮肤产生刺激或过敏反应，不够温和亲肤。
因此，为了提高洗手液的抗菌效果和稳定性，研究人员将纳米银作为一种天然抗菌成分添加到洗手液中。纳米银是一种具有优异抗菌性能的材料，其具有较大的比表面积和高度的活性，可以与细菌的细胞膜和细胞壁发生作用，破坏其结构和功能，从而有效地抑制细菌的生长和繁殖。但是目前市面上的纳米银洗手液在抗菌效果和稳定性方面存在一些弊端，如：洗手液的纳米银抗菌剂在洗手液中分散性不佳、与其它组分相容性不强，容易导致纳米银聚集和沉淀，从而降低了洗手液的稳定性和抗菌效果。
因此，需要一种新的洗手液配方来克服这些弊端，提供更好的抗菌效果和稳定性。
发明内容
基于此，本发明开发了一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液。本发明采用改性纳米银和植物萃取物复配，以丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的共聚物作为分散剂，大大地提高了洗手液的整体效果，克服了现有产品中存在的缺陷。
本发明的一个目的在于，提供一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，由包括质量份数如下的原料制备而成：
抗菌剂
增稠剂
pH调节剂
水；
其中，
所述改性纳米银是纳米银经羟基化后接枝聚丙烯酸所得的产物；
所述分散剂是丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的共聚物。
进一步地，所述表面活性剂选自脂肪醇醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、吐温类表面活性剂、司盘类表面活性剂、烷基糖苷类表面活性剂、氨基酸型表面活性剂、甜菜碱型表面活性剂、皂液中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述保湿剂选自丙二醇、甘油、玻尿酸、胶原蛋白、维生素E、植物油、氨基酸、聚乙二醇、山梨糖醇中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的pH值为6.0-6.8。
进一步地，所述植物萃取物选自积雪草萃取物、牛油果萃取物、茶叶萃取物、熊果苷萃取物、芦荟萃取物、甘草萃取物、白杨树提取物、茶花提取物、金缕梅提取物中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述抗菌剂选自三氯生、对氯间二甲基苯酚、水杨酸、度米酚、氯己定、乙醇、邻伞花烃-5-醇中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述增稠剂选自盐类增稠剂、聚合物增稠剂、胶体增稠剂中的一种或多种。
本发明的另一个目的在于，提供上述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、对纳米银进行羟基化处理，然后放入聚丙烯酸的水溶液中，超声并加热反应，得到所述改性纳米银；
S2、将丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯，在甲苯溶剂和催化剂BPO的条件下，加热反应，得到所述分散剂；
S3、将所述改性纳米银和所述分散剂，与其他成分共混，得到所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液。
进一步地，所述纳米银与聚丙烯酸的摩尔比为1:4-1:8。
进一步地，所述聚丙烯酸的分子量选自为2000-8000。
进一步地，步骤S1中，所述加热的温度为70-80℃。
进一步地，步骤S2中，所述加热的温度为85-100℃。
进一步地，丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的摩尔比为1:1-1:3。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液中的改性纳米银和植物萃取物复配使用，可以提高洗手液的抗菌效果，这是因为改性纳米银和丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯共聚物分散剂之间存在协同增效作用，使得洗手液的抗菌性能、保湿效果和稳定性更加优异。其中，纳米银可以通过接触细菌的细胞膜和细胞壁，破坏其结构和功能，有效地抑制大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等各类细菌的生长和繁殖；而植物萃取物具有天然的抗菌和抗炎特性，能够帮助保持皮肤水分，防止干燥和紧绷感，带有天然香味，能够去除手部的异味。
特别地，经羟基化处理的纳米银接枝聚丙烯酸后得到改性纳米银，在纳米银的表面形成一层稳定的高聚物链状外壳，该外壳与分散剂结构相近，不仅提高了纳米银与其它组分的相容性，还使配方在长期放置过程中，纳米银颗粒稳定地悬浮分布于配方中，从而实现长效抗菌效果，提供持久的保护。
本发明中公开的丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的共聚物分散剂，与改性纳米银具有很好的相容性，从而可以进一步分散改性纳米银颗粒，并且阻碍改性纳米银颗粒之间的相互吸引和聚集，这种空间位阻效应有助于保持纳米银颗粒的相对稳定状态，防止其聚集和沉淀，进一步提高了纳米银的稳定性。
另外，本发明成分表中不添加防腐剂，含有天然植物萃取物，天然无害，温和亲肤，不会对皮肤产生刺激或过敏反应。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，列举如下实施例。实施例中所出现的原料、反应和后处理手段，除非特别声明，均为市面上常见原料，以及本领域技术人员所熟知的技术手段。
本发明说明书中的“份数”、“份”均指质量份数。
本发明说明书中纳米银的羟基化处理方式参考：陈思宇,徐思峻,张峰,等.《羟基功能化纳米银的制备及性能》[J].印染助剂,2016,33(9):10-14。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的表面活性剂为脂肪醇醚硫酸钠和月桂酰肌氨酸钠，其中，脂肪醇醚硫酸钠选用十二烷基醇醚硫酸钠。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的端羟基超支化聚酯购自广东滃江化学试剂有限公司生产的脂肪族聚酯丙烯酸酯H303。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的聚丙烯酸水溶液购自上海源叶生物有限公司的聚丙烯酸-S51652(平均分子量为3000，聚丙烯酸含量为30％)。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的丙烯酸酯为丙烯酸十二酯(纯度：99％)。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的BPO指过氧化二苯甲酰。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的植物萃取物为茶叶萃取物、芦荟萃取物。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的保湿剂为丙二醇。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的增稠剂为黄原胶。
本发明说明书中实施例所用的抗菌剂为三氯生。
实施例1
一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，包括质量份数如下的成分：
制备方法如下：
S1、将0.05mol/L的硝酸银水溶液与0.1mol/L的端羟基超支化聚酯溶液混合搅拌1h(硝酸银和端羟基超支化聚酯的摩尔比为1:2)，加入3滴0.05mol/L的还原剂硼氢化钠溶液，超声震荡反应4h，反应结束后进行离心处理并用清水洗涤，真空干燥，得到羟基化处理的纳米银。然后将羟基化处理的纳米银放入聚丙烯酸水溶液中(纳米银与聚丙烯酸的摩尔比为1:4)，加入催化剂4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-二甲氨基吡啶的用量为反应原料总质量的1％)超声并加热至80℃反应4h，然后过滤并干燥固体，得到所述改性纳米银；
S2、将丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯(丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的摩尔比为1:2)混合，加入有机溶剂甲苯(甲苯的用量为反应原料总质量的20％)，然后加入催化剂BPO(BPO的用量为反应原料总质量的1％)，氮气氛围下，加热至90℃反应1h，反应结束后冷却并减压蒸馏，除去未反应的物质和杂质，得到所述分散剂；
S3、按上述质量份数，将所述改性纳米银和所述分散剂与其它成分混合均匀，搅拌20min，用柠檬酸调节pH至6.5，搅拌均匀，得到所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液。
实施例2
一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，包括质量份数如下的原料：
制备方法如下：
S1、将0.05mol/L的硝酸银水溶液与0.1mol/L的端羟基超支化聚酯溶液混合搅拌1h(硝酸银和端羟基超支化聚酯的摩尔比为1:2)，加入3滴0.05mol/L的还原剂硼氢化钠溶液，超声震荡反应4h，反应结束后进行离心处理并用清水洗涤，真空干燥，得到羟基化处理的纳米银。然后将羟基化处理的纳米银放入聚丙烯酸水溶液中(纳米银与聚丙烯酸的摩尔比为1:5)，加入催化剂4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-二甲氨基吡啶的用量为反应原料总质量的1％)超声并加热至80℃反应4h，然后过滤并干燥固体，得到所述改性纳米银；
S2、将丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯(丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的摩尔比为1:2)混合，加入有机溶剂甲苯(甲苯的用量为反应原料总质量的20％)，然后加入催化剂BPO(BPO的用量为反应原料总质量的1％)，氮气氛围下，加热至90℃反应1h，反应结束后冷却并减压蒸馏，除去未反应的物质和杂质，得到所述分散剂；
S3、按上述质量份数，将所述改性纳米银和所述分散剂与其它成分混合均匀，搅拌20min，用柠檬酸调节pH至6.5，搅拌均匀，得到所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液。
对比例1
一种洗手液，对比例1所用原料和制备方法均与实施例1相同，唯一不同在于，对比例1的步骤中的制备原料中不含改性纳米银，而是以等质量份数的纳米银代替。
对比例2
一种洗手液，对比例2所用原料和制备方法均与实施例1相同，唯一不同在于，对比例2的步骤中对于改性纳米银的制备步骤中，所是采用丙烯酸单体与纳米银进行接枝(纳米银与丙烯酸的摩尔比为1:20)。
测试例
根据《特种洗手液GB19877.1—2005》对实施例1-2和对比例1-2进行稳定性测试，结果如下表。
表1洗手液的稳定性测试结果
从表1中可以看出，实施例1-2的洗手液的耐热和耐寒性能均比对比例1-2的洗手液好，实施例1-2的洗手液在高温、低温环境下均未出现分层或沉淀；而对比例1-2则出现不同程度的不稳定的外观，说明本发明经过改性的纳米银和丙烯酸/丙烯酸酯共聚物的复配能大大提高洗手液的稳定性。
根据《特种洗手液GB19877.1—2005》标准对实施例1-2和对比例1-2新制备的洗手液进行抗菌性能测试，之后再将上述洗手液放置在37℃恒温箱内3个月后，再次根据上述标准进行抗菌测试，结果如下表。
表2洗手液的抗菌性能测试结果
从表2可以看出，新制备的实施例1-2与对比例1-2的抗菌性能几乎没有差别；将洗手液37℃恒温箱下放置3个月后，实施例1-2的抗菌性能几乎没有下降，而对比例1-2的抗菌性能都出现了较大程度的下降，说明了本发明的洗手液在放置较长时间后仍然能保持较好的抗菌效果，性能更加稳定。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (10)
1.一种含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，其特征在于，所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，包括如下质量份数的成分：
其中，
所述改性纳米银是纳米银经羟基化后接枝聚丙烯酸所得的产物；
所述分散剂是丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的共聚物。
2.根据权利要求1所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂选自脂肪醇醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、吐温类表面活性剂、司盘类表面活性剂、烷基糖苷类表面活性剂、氨基酸型表面活性剂、甜菜碱型表面活性剂、皂液中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，其特征在于，所述保湿剂选自丙二醇、甘油、玻尿酸、胶原蛋白、维生素E、植物油、氨基酸、聚乙二醇、山梨糖醇中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，其特征在于，所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的pH值为6.0-6.8。
5.根据权利要求1所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液，其特征在于，所述植物萃取物选自积雪草萃取物、牛油果萃取物、茶叶萃取物、熊果苷萃取物、芦荟萃取物、甘草萃取物、白杨树提取物、茶花提取物、金缕梅提取物中的一种或多种。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、对纳米银进行羟基化处理，然后放入聚丙烯酸的水溶液中，超声并加热反应，得到所述改性纳米银；
S2、将丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯，在甲苯溶剂和催化剂BPO的条件下，加热反应，得到所述分散剂；
S3、将所述改性纳米银和所述分散剂，与其他成分共混，得到所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液。
7.根据权利要求6所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的制备方法，其特征在于，所述纳米银与聚丙烯酸的摩尔比为1:4-1:8。
8.根据权利要求6所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中，所述加热的温度为70-80℃。
9.根据权利要求6所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中，所述加热的温度为85-100℃。
10.根据权利要求6所述含植物萃取物的抗菌洗手液的制备方法，其特征在于，丙烯酸与丙烯酸酯的摩尔比为1:1-1:3。
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