CN117321304A

CN117321304A - Floatable concrete block structure and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN117321304A
Application number: CN202280030558.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金尚基
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-02-26
Filing date: 2022-02-15
Publication date: 2023-12-29
Also published as: KR102310131B1; KR102310131B9

Abstract

The present invention relates to a floatable concrete block structure manufactured by preparing individual concrete blocks on land and then assembling and connecting the individual concrete blocks under water or on water surface, wherein a buoyancy chamber of an assembly is internally formed by a first concrete block and a second concrete block or the like, water is blocked from flowing into the buoyancy chamber of the assembly by a first watertight packing or the like, and the first concrete block and the second concrete block are coupled to each other by a concrete column.

Description

Floatable concrete block structure and manufacturing method thereof

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a floatable concrete block structure manufactured to be capable of floating on a water surface, submerged in water after floating on the water surface, or re-floating on the water surface after submerged in water, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Background

In the situation where interest in natural resources is increasing, wind power generation that generates electricity by using wind is considered as an alternative energy source. Wind power generation is a method of generating electricity by using a wind turbine, and it is preferable to install the wind turbine where the air flow is not blocked.

Conventional wind turbines installed on land are generally installed on mountains or high places where the air flow can be ensured as much as possible, but have limitations in effectively generating energy due to obstacles such as hills, forests, and buildings.

In recent years, attempts have been actively made to install wind turbines offshore without the above-mentioned obstacles, but there are limitations: since the foundation structure is installed to support the wind turbine, the wind power generation structure is installed only in the sea having a depth of 25m or less.

Meanwhile, since most offshore wind resources are generated at a location having a depth of 50m or more, there is a limit in ensuring satisfactory energy by installing a wind power generation structure only on the coast.

Accordingly, recently, there has been actively attempted to install a wind power generation structure in the ocean having a depth of 50m or more. As such attempts, semi-submersible offshore wind power generation platforms using steel applicable to the ocean have been installed on the subjects of offshore oil and gas production platforms.

However, in the case of using steel, there are problems in that the platform is expensive, and is easily corroded due to seawater containing salt, and is easily affected by hoop stress caused by seawater pressure.

Meanwhile, a document of the related art related to a semi-submersible offshore wind power generation platform is proposed in japanese patent No. 5022797 (filed at 7/11/2012 and registered at 6/22/2007).

According to the prior art documents, in order to overcome the durability problems of steel materials, the floating body is made of concrete.

In addition to the above purposes, marine concrete structures are manufactured and used for various purposes.

The marine concrete structure may be a concrete structure floating on the water surface, such as a platform for wind power generation, or a concrete structure submerged in water for the purpose of a breakwater or an anchor.

Typically, large concrete structures are manufactured in caisson structures.

When large concrete structures are manufactured on land, it is very difficult to move them to sea due to the weight of the concrete structures manufactured on land.

As a technique for solving this problem, a method of manufacturing a floatable large concrete structure on a large barge has been recently used, but in this case, manufacturing a concrete structure on a barge is inconvenient and evaluated as difficult to commercialize due to the problem that an expensive large barge must be used for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem

The present disclosure is directed to solving the above problems occurring in the prior art, and to propose a concrete block structure which does not require the use of a large barge and can be used by assembling and coupling individual concrete blocks underwater or on the water surface after manufacturing the individual concrete blocks on land, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Technical proposal

To achieve the above object, a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure of the present disclosure includes: a first concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a first concrete block including a first concrete block body on an upper surface of which a buoyancy chamber bottom surface is formed and a first watertight packing provided on the upper surface of the first concrete block body in such a manner as to surround the buoyancy chamber bottom surface; a second concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a second concrete block including a second concrete block body in which a second buoyancy chamber having an open lower surface and a plurality of second column through holes extending vertically are formed; a first concrete block installation step of installing the first concrete block by immersing the first concrete block in water after the first concrete block manufacturing step; a second concrete block installation step of installing the second concrete block after the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step such that a concrete block assembly is formed by installing the second concrete block on the first concrete block, an assembled buoyancy chamber having a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly by a second buoyancy chamber of the second concrete block and a buoyancy chamber bottom surface of the first concrete block, and a first watertight packing is positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block, and the first watertight packing prevents water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber from the outside; a concrete column forming step of forming a concrete column coupling the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other along each of the second column through holes after the second concrete block mounting step to form a concrete block structure having the first concrete block and the second concrete block coupled to each other by the concrete column; and an assembly buoyancy chamber draining step of draining water contained in the assembly buoyancy chamber after the concrete column forming step so that the concrete block structure floats to the water surface by buoyancy of the assembly buoyancy chamber.

In the above, the first concrete block may include a plurality of column rebar assemblies, each of which extends vertically upward from a lower end portion thereof connected to an interior of the first concrete block body and protrudes upward from an upper surface of the first concrete block body; in the second concrete block mounting step, the second concrete block may be mounted on the first concrete block such that the column reinforcement assembly of the first concrete block is inserted into the second column through-hole of the second concrete block, and a concrete column through-hole having a closed lower end may be formed in the concrete block assembly by the second column through-hole of the second concrete block and the first concrete block; a column drainage step of removing water contained inside the concrete column through-holes after the second concrete block installation step; and in the concrete column forming step, by pouring concrete into the concrete column through-holes after the column draining step, a concrete column having a column reinforcing bar assembly and the poured concrete integrated with each other can be formed.

A method of making a floatable concrete block structure according to another aspect of the disclosure includes: a first concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a first concrete block including a first concrete block body having a first buoyancy chamber having an open upper surface in an upper portion thereof and a first watertight packing provided on the upper surface of the first concrete block body in a form surrounding the first buoyancy chamber; a second concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a second concrete block including a second concrete block body in which a second buoyancy chamber having an open lower surface and a plurality of second column through holes extending vertically are formed; a first concrete block floating step of floating the first concrete block on the water surface after the first concrete block manufacturing step; a second concrete block installation step of installing a second concrete block on the first concrete block floating on the water surface after the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block floating step to form a concrete block assembly in which an assembly buoyancy chamber having a closed lower end formed by a second buoyancy chamber of the second concrete block and a first buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block communicating with the second buoyancy chamber is formed, and a first watertight packing is positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block such that water is prevented from being introduced into the assembly buoyancy chamber from the outside; and a concrete column forming step of forming a concrete column coupling the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other along each of the second column through holes after the second concrete block mounting step to form a concrete block structure having the first concrete block and the second concrete block coupled to each other by the concrete column.

In the above, the first concrete block may include a plurality of column rebar assemblies, each of which extends vertically upward from a lower end portion thereof connected to an interior of the first concrete block body and protrudes upward from an upper surface of the first concrete block body; in the second concrete block mounting step, the second concrete block may be mounted on the first concrete block such that the column reinforcement assembly of the first concrete block is inserted into the second column through-hole of the second concrete block, and a concrete column through-hole having a closed lower end may be formed in the concrete block assembly by the second column through-hole of the second concrete block and the first concrete block; and in the concrete column forming step, a concrete column having a column reinforcing member and cast concrete integrated with each other can be formed by casting concrete into the concrete column through-holes.

In the above, the first concrete block body may include a plurality of first temporary coupling bolts each of which extends vertically upward from a lower end portion thereof connected to an inside of the first concrete block body and protrudes upward from an upper surface of the first concrete block body, the first temporary coupling bolts being provided in a form surrounding the first buoyancy chamber; the second concrete block body may have a plurality of second bolting spaces, each of the plurality of second bolting spaces including a vertically extending second bolt through hole and a second nut seat groove formed on the second bolt through hole and having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the second bolt through hole; and in the second concrete block mounting step, a first temporary coupling bolt of the first concrete block may be inserted into a second bolting space of the second concrete block, and a nut may be positioned in the second nut seat groove while being fixed to the first temporary coupling bolt so that the second concrete block is temporarily coupled to the first concrete block.

In the above, in the first concrete block floating step, a plurality of first concrete blocks may be continuously horizontally arranged; and in the second concrete block mounting step, a plurality of second concrete blocks may be horizontally disposed in succession, and there may be a plurality of second concrete blocks horizontally disposed in succession on one first concrete block.

The above two methods of making floatable concrete block structures may include the following additional features.

The second buoyancy chamber may extend vertically and have open upper and lower surfaces; a third concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a third concrete block including a third concrete block body having a plurality of third column through holes extending vertically and having a buoyancy chamber top surface formed on a lower surface of the third concrete block body to cover an upper side of the second buoyancy chamber; a third concrete block installation step of installing a third concrete block on the second concrete block after the second concrete block installation step and the third concrete block manufacturing step; and in the concrete column forming step, each of the concrete columns may be formed along each of the second column through holes and each of the third column through holes to form a concrete block structure having first, second, and third concrete blocks coupled to each other by the concrete columns.

The second buoyancy chamber may extend vertically and have open upper and lower surfaces; and a cap concrete forming step of forming cap concrete on the second concrete block to cover an upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber after the concrete column forming step.

The second buoyancy chamber may extend vertically and have open upper and lower surfaces; the second concrete block may be provided with a second watertight packing disposed on an upper surface of the second concrete block body in a manner to surround the second buoyancy chamber; and in the second concrete block mounting step, a plurality of second concrete blocks may be mounted in a multi-layered manner on the first concrete block, and a second watertight packing may be positioned between the second concrete blocks mounted vertically adjacent to each other so that water is prevented from being introduced into the assembly buoyancy chamber from the outside.

A floatable concrete block structure made in accordance with the present disclosure comprising: a concrete block assembly, the concrete block assembly comprising: a first concrete block having a first concrete block body, wherein a buoyancy chamber bottom surface is formed on an upper surface of the first concrete block body; a second concrete block comprising a second concrete block body and mounted on the first concrete block, the second concrete block body having a second buoyancy chamber with an open lower surface to cooperate with the buoyancy chamber bottom surface of the first concrete block to form an assembled buoyancy chamber with a closed lower end, and the second concrete block body having a plurality of vertically extending second post through holes; and a first watertight packing positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block and preventing water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber from the outside; and concrete columns, each of the concrete columns being formed along each of the second column through holes to couple the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other.

In the above, a first buoyancy chamber having an open upper surface may be formed in an upper portion of the first concrete block body, and the first buoyancy chamber may include a buoyancy chamber bottom surface and form an assembled buoyancy chamber together with the second buoyancy chamber.

In the above, the first concrete block may include a plurality of column reinforcement assemblies, each of which extends vertically upward from a lower end portion thereof connected to an inside of the first concrete block body and protrudes upward from an upper surface of the first concrete block body, the column reinforcement assemblies may be inserted into the second column through holes of the second concrete block, concrete column through holes having a closed lower end may be formed in the concrete block assemblies by the second column through holes of the second concrete block and the first concrete block, and the concrete columns may be formed such that concrete poured into the concrete column through holes is integrated with the column reinforcement assemblies.

In the above, the first watertight packing may include a first inner watertight packing surrounding the assembled buoyancy chamber and a first outer watertight packing positioned outside and surrounding the first inner watertight packing, and the plurality of column reinforcement assemblies may be positioned between the first inner watertight packing and the first outer watertight packing.

In the above, the second buoyancy chamber may extend vertically and have open upper and lower surfaces, the concrete block assembly may include a third concrete block including a third concrete block body and mounted on the second concrete block, the third concrete block body having a plurality of third column through holes extending vertically and covering an upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber, and each of the concrete columns may be formed along each of the second column through holes and each of the third column through holes to couple the first concrete block, the second concrete block, and the third concrete block to each other.

In the above, the second buoyancy chamber may extend vertically and have open upper and lower surfaces, and may include cap concrete formed on the second concrete block for covering an upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber.

In the above, the second buoyancy chamber may extend vertically and have open upper and lower surfaces, the second concrete blocks may be mounted on the first concrete blocks in a multi-layered manner, and the concrete block assembly may include a second watertight packing positioned between the second concrete blocks mounted vertically adjacent to each other and preventing water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber from the outside.

In the above, a first column space part may be formed in the first concrete block body to be deformed into a concrete column, and each of the concrete columns may be formed along each of the first column space part and each of the second column through holes to couple the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other.

In the above, the second buoyancy chamber may extend vertically and have open upper and lower surfaces, a third concrete block or cap concrete may be provided on the second concrete block to cover an upper side of the assembly buoyancy chamber, and a buoyancy control device may be provided to drain water in the assembly buoyancy chamber to the outside or introduce water into the assembly buoyancy chamber to control buoyancy of the assembly buoyancy chamber.

In the above, the assembled buoyancy chamber may be able to serve as a space for accommodating the filler material.

Advantageous effects

As described above, the present disclosure does not require the use of a large barge and can be transported by land due to the shape of the blocks that can be assembled with each other, so the manufacturing cost of the marine concrete structure is greatly reduced compared to the conventional method.

In addition, since most of the manufacturing work of the concrete block structure is performed under water or on the water surface, a large site required for manufacturing a large concrete block on land is not required.

Further, the concrete block structure manufactured according to the present disclosure may be used in a floating state on the water surface, moved while floating, used after moving and being submerged, or freely moved after being submerged and re-floating.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the disclosure,

figure 2 is a perspective view of figure 1,

figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in the floatable concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the disclosure,

figure 4 is a perspective view of figure 3,

figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a third concrete block used in the floatable concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the disclosure,

figure 6 is a perspective view of figure 5,

figures 7 to 12 are views sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure,

figure 13 is a diagram showing how a concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure is used,

figure 14 is a diagram showing how the concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is variously used,

Figure 15 is a diagram showing a modified form of figure 12,

figure 16 is a view showing an example in which the concrete block structure of figure 14 and the concrete block structure of figure 15 are applied,

figure 17 is a diagram showing another modification of figure 12,

figure 18 is a diagram showing a modification of figure 17,

figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the disclosure,

figure 20 is a perspective view of figure 19,

figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the extension bar assembly coupled to the first concrete block after figure 19,

figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the guide bar removably coupled to the first concrete block after figure 21,

figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of the guide bar of figure 22,

figure 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of figure 23,

figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in the floatable concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the disclosure,

figure 26 is a perspective view of figure 25,

figures 27 to 34 are views sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure,

figure 35 is a conceptual sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the disclosure,

Figure 36 is a conceptual perspective view of figure 35,

fig. 37 is a conceptual sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the disclosure;

figure 38 is a conceptual perspective view of figure 37,

figure 39 is a conceptual sectional view of another second concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the disclosure,

figure 40 is a conceptual perspective view of figure 39,

figure 41 is a conceptual sectional view of a third concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the disclosure,

figure 42 is a conceptual perspective view of figure 41,

figures 43 to 47 are views sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure,

fig. 48 is a conceptual sectional view of a floatable concrete block structure according to a fourth embodiment of the disclosure, an

Fig. 49 is a conceptual perspective view illustrating a form in which the first, second and third concrete blocks used in fig. 48 are stacked on each other by separating some of the first, second and third concrete blocks.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains can easily implement the present disclosure. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Further, in the drawings, for the sake of clarity of description of the present disclosure, parts irrelevant to the description of the present disclosure are omitted, and like reference numerals are assigned to like parts throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, unless specifically stated to the contrary, when a portion "comprises" a certain component, it is intended that other components may also be included, rather than excluding other components.

First, a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 2 is a perspective view of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 4 is a perspective view of fig. 3, fig. 5 is a sectional view of a third concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 6 is a perspective view of fig. 5, and fig. 7 to 12 are views sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

(1) First concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first concrete block 110 is manufactured.

The first concrete block 110 includes a first concrete block body 111 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

A first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed in an upper central portion of the first concrete block body 111, and an upper surface of the first buoyancy chamber 111a is opened and a lower surface thereof is closed.

The first buoyancy chamber 111a includes a buoyancy chamber bottom surface 111a-1.

In this embodiment, one first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed, and the first buoyancy chamber 111a has a quadrangular shape in plan.

However, according to one embodiment, a plurality of first buoyancy chambers 111a may be formed, and various modifications may also be made to the planar shape thereof.

A plurality of first column space parts 111b are formed along the edges of the first buoyancy chamber 111a at the upper side of the first concrete block body 111.

That is, a plurality of first column space parts 111b are provided to surround the first buoyancy chamber 111a.

In this embodiment, each of the first column space parts 111b is a through hole having a truncated cone shape extending in the vertical direction.

A first packing groove 111c is formed on the upper surface of the first concrete block body 111, and the first packing groove 111c has a quadrangular ring shape surrounding the first buoyancy chamber 111a, and a first watertight packing 112 is provided in the first packing groove 111 c.

The manufacture of the first concrete block 110 may be performed on land or on a large barge.

(2) Second concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a second concrete block 120 is produced.

The second concrete block 120 includes a second concrete block body 121 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

The second concrete block body 121 has a second buoyancy chamber 121a formed therein, and a plurality of second post through holes 121b formed along the edges of the second buoyancy chamber 121 a.

The second buoyancy chamber 121a extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces. Each of the second column through holes 121b also extends vertically and has an open upper surface and a lower surface.

The second buoyancy chamber 121a preferably has a shape corresponding to the shape of the first buoyancy chamber 111 a.

In this embodiment, the second buoyancy chamber 121a has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the second column through hole 121b has a cylindrical shape, but various changes may be made to the shape thereof.

A second packing groove 121c is formed on the upper surface of the second concrete block body 121, and a second watertight packing 122 is provided in the second packing groove 121 c.

The second packing groove 121c and the second watertight packing 122 are formed in the form of a quadrangular ring surrounding the second buoyancy chamber 121 a.

(3) Third concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a third concrete block 130 is manufactured.

The third concrete block 130 includes a third concrete block body 131 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

A buoyancy chamber top surface 131a is formed in a central portion of a lower surface of the third concrete block body 131, and a plurality of third column through holes 131b are formed along an edge of the buoyancy chamber top surface 131 a.

In this embodiment, each of the third pillar via 131b is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape.

Further, the third concrete block body 131 has a working hole 131c formed therein such that the working hole 131c communicates with the buoyancy chamber top surface 131 a.

According to this embodiment, a door capable of opening/closing and sealing may be installed to each of the working holes 131 c.

(4) First concrete block mounting step

After the first concrete block manufacturing step, as shown in fig. 7, the first concrete block 110 is submerged in water.

(5) Second concrete block mounting step

After the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step, as shown in fig. 8, a second concrete block 120 is installed on the upper portion of the first concrete block 110 to form a concrete block assembly 100A.

In this embodiment, one layer of the second concrete blocks 120 is installed on the first concrete blocks 110, but according to one embodiment, a plurality of the second concrete blocks 120 may be installed in a multi-layer manner on the first concrete blocks 110.

Thus, an assembled buoyancy chamber 140 having a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly 100A formed by installing the second concrete block 120.

In fig. 8, an assembled buoyancy chamber 140 is formed by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120 and the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the first concrete block 111 including the buoyancy chamber bottom surface 111a-1, and the upper end of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 is open.

In the concrete block assembly 100A, a first watertight packing 112 is positioned between the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121, and the first watertight packing 112 prevents water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside.

That is, in the concrete block assembly 100A in the state of fig. 8, although water exists inside the assembly buoyancy chamber 140, external water cannot flow into the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 due to the first watertight packing 112.

(6) Third concrete block mounting step

After the third concrete block manufacturing step and the second concrete block installation step, as shown in fig. 9, a third concrete block 130 is installed on the second concrete block 120, thereby completing the shape of the concrete block assembly 100A.

In the concrete block assembly 100A, a second watertight packing 122 is positioned between the second concrete block body 121 and the third concrete block body 131, and the second watertight packing 122 prevents water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside.

The third concrete block 130 covers the top of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140.

In the completed concrete block assembly 100A, the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 has both an upper side and a lower side closed by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120, the buoyancy chamber bottom surface 111a-1 of the first concrete block 110, and the buoyancy chamber top surface 131a of the third concrete block 130.

Further, the first column space portion 111b of the first concrete block 110, the second column through hole 121b of the second concrete block 120, and the third column through hole 131b of the third concrete block 130 communicate with each other to form a concrete column through hole 150.

(7) Concrete column forming step

After the third concrete block installation step, a concrete column 160 is formed in the concrete column through hole 150.

That is, the concrete column 160 is formed along the first column space portion 111B of the first concrete block 110, the second column through hole 121B of the second concrete block 120, and the third column through hole 131B of the third concrete block 130, and the first concrete block 110, the second concrete block 120, and the third concrete block 130 are coupled to each other by the concrete column 160 to form the concrete block structure 100B.

In this embodiment, the concrete column 160 is formed by inserting the concrete column forming portion into the concrete column through hole 150.

The concrete column forming part includes a column reinforcing member 161 having a shape extending in a vertical direction, a waterproof film 162 covering a lower portion and side portions of the column reinforcing member 161, and uncured concrete 163 (referred to as "fresh concrete") injected into the waterproof film 162.

When the concrete column forming part is inserted into the concrete column through hole 150, the fresh concrete 163 is cured while the waterproof film 162 is in close contact with the first, second and third concrete blocks 110, 120 and 130 by the pressure of the fresh concrete 163, thereby forming the concrete column 160 extending in the vertical direction in the concrete block assembly 100A.

This process is described in more detail in korean patent No. 10-2022339, "CONSTRUCTION METHOD FOR UNDERWATER CONCRETE BLOCK STRUCTURE" (registered on 10 month 9 of 2019), which is incorporated herein, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in fig. 10, the first column space part 111b has a truncated cone shape, and the third column through hole 131b has an inverted truncated cone shape, and thus, the concrete column 160 has a structure preventing the first, second, and third concrete blocks 110, 120, and 130 from being separated from each other.

In the case of this embodiment, the first column space part 111b is formed in the first concrete block 110, but this is only one embodiment.

If the first column space part 111B is not formed in the first concrete block 110 but the first concrete block 110 has a connection protrusion protruding to the inside of the second column through hole 121B, the concrete column 160 is formed in the second column through hole 121B of the second concrete block 120 and the third column through hole 131B of the third concrete block 130, and the concrete column 160 is coupled to the connection protrusion of the first concrete block 110, a concrete block structure 100B in which the first concrete block 110, the second concrete block 120, and the third concrete block 130 are coupled to each other through the concrete column 160 may be formed.

At this stage, water is still present inside the assembled buoyancy chamber 140.

(8) Assembling buoyancy chamber drainage step

After the concrete column forming step, as shown in fig. 11, an assembly buoyancy chamber draining step is performed to remove water inside the assembly buoyancy chamber 140.

A drain 170 including a drain pump 171 and a drain hose 172 is provided in the concrete block structure 100B, and water contained inside the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 is discharged to the outside through the drain 170 by the operation of the drain pump 171.

Meanwhile, water cannot flow into the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside due to the first and second watertight packing 112 and 122, and the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 becomes dry due to this step.

When the water inside the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 is discharged in this way, as shown in fig. 12, the concrete block structure 100B floats to the water surface due to the buoyancy of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140.

Thus, the concrete block structure 100B of the present disclosure is completed.

In this embodiment, although the drainage device 170 is described as being temporarily installed, according to one embodiment, the drainage device 170 may be permanently installed in the concrete block structure 100B for the function of the buoyancy control device.

Fig. 13 shows how the concrete block structure 100B of the present disclosure can be used, and shows that a marine wind power plant can be installed and used on the concrete block structure 100B.

Although the concrete block structure 100B is shown floating on the sea in fig. 13, the concrete block structure 100B may support a marine wind power plant when the concrete block structure 100B is submerged in water when the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 of the concrete block structure 100B is filled with water. Further, when water is discharged from the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 of the concrete block structure 100B submerged in water by using the buoyancy control device, the concrete block structure 100B floats on the water. In this state, the concrete block structure 100B may be repaired or may be moved to another position.

Fig. 14 illustrates how the concrete block structure 100B of the present disclosure is variously used.

In this figure, to use the concrete block structure 100B, the method of the present disclosure further includes a transfer step and a structure submerging step.

-a transfer step:

first, after the concrete block structure 100B is manufactured in shallow water and the concrete block structure 100B is floated (100B-a), the concrete block structure 100B-a floating on the water surface is transferred (100B-B) to another location (deep water location for installation) by a ship.

Meanwhile, the marine wind power generation equipment may be previously installed on top of the concrete block structure 100B to be transferred before floating the concrete block structure 100B, and thus, the concrete block structure 100B may be used for installation and transportation of the marine wind power generation equipment.

-a structure immersion step:

after the transferring step, a filler material 141, such as sand, gravel or rubble, is embedded into the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 of the concrete block structure 100B-B so as to submerge the concrete block structure 100B-B in water.

That is, the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 may be used not only as a space for generating buoyancy but also as a space for accommodating the filler material 141.

When the filler material 141 fills the assembled buoyancy chamber 140, the concrete block structure 100B-B loses buoyancy and sinks into the water.

The concrete block structure 100B-c submerged in water in this manner may be used as an underwater concrete block structure.

Fig. 15 shows a modification of fig. 12.

The figure shows that two assembled buoyancy chambers 140 may be formed. That is, the number of assembled buoyancy chambers 140 may vary according to one embodiment.

Further, the figure shows that the working hole 131c is not formed in the third concrete block 130 by blocking the working hole 131c after drainage.

Fig. 16 shows an example in which the concrete block structure 100B-14 of fig. 14 and the concrete block structure 100B-15 of fig. 15 are applied.

In particular, as shown in fig. 15, after the concrete block structure 100B-15 is floated on the water surface, the concrete block structure 100B-15 is transferred to another location (deep water location for installation) by a ship or the like, and moored according to the concrete block structure 100B-14.

In particular, FIG. 16 shows that the concrete block structure 100B-15 may be rotated 90 degrees and moored through the concrete block structure 100B-14.

Furthermore, the marine wind power plant is mounted on top of the concrete block structure 100B-15.

Fig. 17 shows another modification of fig. 12.

In this modified example, the second concrete block 120 is installed in a multi-layered manner.

Here, a second watertight packing 122 is positioned between the second concrete blocks 120 installed to be vertically adjacent to each other, and the second watertight packing 122 prevents water from flowing into the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside.

Fig. 18 shows a modification of fig. 17.

In this modified example, it is shown that the concrete block structure 100B can be formed by the first concrete block 110 and the second concrete block 120 without the third concrete block 130.

In this case, the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 has an open top.

Further, the second post through hole 121b of the second concrete block 120 positioned at the uppermost portion has an inverted truncated cone shape.

Next, a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of a first concrete block used in the floatable concrete block structure according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 20 is a perspective view of fig. 19, fig. 21 is a sectional view of a state in which an extension bar assembly is coupled to the first concrete block after fig. 19, fig. 22 is a sectional view of a state in which a guide bar is detachably coupled to the first concrete block after fig. 21, fig. 23 is a sectional view of the guide bar of fig. 22, fig. 24 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of fig. 23, fig. 25 is a sectional view of a second concrete block used in the floatable concrete block structure according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 26 is a perspective view of fig. 25, and fig. 27 to 34 are views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing the floatable concrete block structure according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

(1) First concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, the manufacture of the first concrete block proceeds in the sequence of fig. 19 and 21.

First, as shown in fig. 19 and 20, a first concrete block 110 is manufactured.

As shown in fig. 20, the first concrete block 110 includes a first concrete block body 111 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

A first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed in a central portion of the upper surface of the first concrete block body 111.

Further, the first concrete block body 111 is provided with a plurality of precast rebar assemblies 113-1 and a plurality of block-side couplers 114 along the edge of the first buoyancy chamber 111a.

In this embodiment, fourteen preformed steel bar assemblies 113-1 are provided, and block-side couplers 114 are provided for each of the preformed steel bar assemblies 113-1.

Each of the precast reinforcement assemblies 113-1 has a lower end portion connected to the interior of the first concrete block body 111 (specifically, the interior reinforcement of the first concrete block body 111), and extends vertically upward from the lower end portion to protrude upward from the upper surface of the first concrete block body 111.

As shown in fig. 21, the extension bar assembly 113-2 is connected with the pre-cast bar assembly 113-1, so that the pre-cast bar assembly 113-1 and the extension bar assembly 113-2 together constitute the column bar assembly 113.

Block-side couplers 114 are provided in a form surrounding the preformed bar assemblies 113-1.

In this embodiment, the block-side coupler 114 has a tube form, and a preformed bar assembly 113-1 is provided therein, and male threads 114a are formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof.

Two first packing grooves 111c are formed on the upper surface of the first concrete block body 111, and a first watertight packing 112 is provided in each of the first packing grooves 111 c.

The first packing groove 111c and the first watertight packing 112 are formed in the form of a quadrangular ring surrounding the first buoyancy chamber 111 a.

Meanwhile, the first watertight packing 112 may be divided into a first inner watertight packing 112-1 surrounding the buoyancy chamber bottom surface 111a and a first outer watertight packing 112-2, the first outer watertight packing 112-2 being positioned outside the first inner watertight packing 112-1 and surrounding the first inner watertight packing 112-2.

A plurality of preformed reinforcement bar assemblies 113-1 are positioned between first inner watertight filler 112-1 and first outer watertight filler 112-2.

After the first concrete block 110 is manufactured as shown in fig. 19, the extension bar assemblies 113-2 are connected with the precast bar assemblies 113-1 as shown in fig. 21, and then the manufacture of the first concrete block 110 is completed.

Accordingly, the first concrete block 110 includes a first concrete block body 111, a first watertight packing 112, a column reinforcement assembly 113, and a block side coupler 114.

(2) Guide rod installation step

After the first concrete block manufacturing step, as shown in fig. 22, a guide bar 180 is detachably coupled to the block side coupler 114 of the first concrete block 110.

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, the guide bar 180 includes a guide pipe 181, an upper insertion guide 182, a pipe-side coupler 183, a third watertight packing 184, and a drain pipe 185.

The duct 181 having a pipe shape extending in a vertical direction has a hollow portion formed along an inside thereof extending in a vertical direction, and the duct 181 is open in upper and lower portions thereof.

Accordingly, the column reinforcement assembly 113 may be inserted along the inside of the guide tube 181.

The guide pipe 181 has a drain hole 181a formed at a lower end portion thereof.

The upper insertion guide 182 is formed at the upper end of the guide tube 181 and has an upward tapered shape.

The upper insertion guide 182 is intended to guide the installation of the second concrete block 120, which will be described later.

The pipe side coupler 183 is provided on an inner circumferential surface of a lower end portion of the duct 181, and is detachably coupled to the block side coupler 114 of the first concrete block 110.

For this purpose, female threads 183a are formed in the tube side coupler 183 to screw with the male threads 114a of the block side coupler 114.

In this embodiment, although the pipe side coupler 183 and the block side coupler 114 are illustrated as being screw-coupled so as to be detachably coupled, the detachable coupling structure may be applied in various ways.

A third watertight packing 184 is provided on the lower end portion of the guide pipe 181, and prevents water from being introduced into the guide pipe 181 from the outside when the guide bar 180 is coupled to the block-side coupling 114, i.e., when the pipe-side coupling 183 is screwed to the block-side coupling 114.

When the pipe side coupler 183 of the guide bar 180 is screwed to the block side coupler 114, the third watertight packing 184 is in close contact with the first concrete block 110, and thus water can be prevented from being introduced into the guide pipe 181.

The drain pipe 185 is a pipe vertically extending inside the guide bar 180, and a lower end of the drain pipe 185 communicates with the outside through a drain hole 181a formed in a lower end portion of the guide bar 181, and an upper end of the drain pipe 185 extends up to an upper end portion of the guide bar 180.

In this embodiment, the drain pipe 185 is in close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the guide pipe 181 and extends in the vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 22, the first concrete block 110 may be installed underwater after the guide rods 180 are coupled to the block-side couplers 114.

In some cases, the guide bar 180 may be manufactured in a form simply mounted on top of the first concrete block 110, and in this case, the guide bar mounting step may be performed after the first concrete block mounting step.

(3) Second concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 25 and 26, a second concrete block 120 is manufactured.

The second concrete block body 121 includes a second buoyancy chamber 121a and a plurality of second column through holes 121b formed along an edge of the second buoyancy chamber 121 a.

The second buoyancy chamber 121a extends in the vertical direction, and the second column through hole 121b also extends in the vertical direction.

Two second packing grooves 121c are formed on the upper surface of the second concrete block body 121, and a second watertight packing 122 is provided in each of the second packing grooves 121 c.

The second watertight packing 122 may be divided into a second inner watertight packing 122-1 surrounding the second buoyancy chamber 121a and a second outer watertight packing 122-2 positioned outside the second inner watertight packing 122-1 and surrounding the second inner watertight packing 122-2.

A plurality of second column through holes 121b are positioned between the second inner watertight packing 122-1 and the second outer watertight packing 122-2.

The diameter of the second post through hole 121b is larger than the diameter of the conduit 181.

(4) First concrete block mounting step

After the first concrete block manufacturing step and the guide bar installation step, the first concrete block 110 is submerged in water as shown in fig. 27.

That is, after the guide bar 180 is installed in the first concrete block 110 as shown in fig. 22, the first concrete block 110 is installed under water as shown in fig. 27.

As shown in fig. 27, the third watertight packing 184 is in close contact with the first concrete block 110 and prevents water from being introduced into the guide bar 180.

Further, the upper end of the guide rod 180 protrudes from the water surface.

Thus, in this embodiment, column rebar assembly 113 is not in contact with sea water via guide rods 180. Thus, column rebar assembly 113 does not risk corrosion due to contact with sea water.

(5) Second concrete block mounting step

After the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step, as shown in fig. 28, a second concrete block 120 is installed on top of the first concrete block 110, thereby forming a concrete block assembly 100A.

As shown in fig. 28, the second concrete block 120 is installed such that the column reinforcement assembly 113 of the first concrete block 110 installed under water is inserted into the second column through hole 121b of the second concrete block 120.

Thus, in the concrete block assembly 100A formed by installing the second concrete block 120, an assembled buoyancy chamber 140 having a closed lower end is formed.

The assembly buoyancy chamber 140 is formed by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of each of the second concrete blocks 120 and the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the first concrete block 111, and the upper end of the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 is open.

In the concrete block assembly 100A, a first watertight packing 112 is positioned between the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121, and the first watertight packing 112 prevents water from being introduced into the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside, and a second watertight packing 122 is positioned between the second concrete block bodies 121 disposed vertically adjacent to each other, and the second watertight packing 122 prevents water from being introduced into the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside.

That is, in the concrete block assembly 100A, although water is present in the assembled buoyancy chamber 140, external water cannot flow into the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 due to the first and second watertight fillers 112 and 122.

The installation process of the second concrete block 120 will be described in more detail.

The second concrete block 120 is lowered from the upper side to the lower side such that the guide rods 180 installed in the first concrete block 110 are inserted into the second column through holes 121b of the second concrete block 120.

In this case, the upper insertion guide 182 of the guide bar 180 is easily inserted into the second column through hole 121b of the second concrete block 120 and guides the seating position of the second concrete block 120.

As shown in fig. 28, a plurality of second concrete blocks 120 are installed in a multi-layered manner on top of the first concrete block 110, or in another embodiment, one second concrete block 120 may be installed in one layer on top of the first concrete block 110.

Thus, in the concrete block assembly 100A formed by installing the second concrete block 120, the concrete column through-hole 150 having a closed lower end is formed.

The concrete column through-hole 150 is formed through the second column through-hole 121b of the second concrete block 120 and the first concrete block 110.

In the concrete block assembly 100A, a first watertight packing 112 is positioned between a first concrete block body 111 and a second concrete block body 121, and the first watertight packing 112 prevents water from being introduced into the concrete column through-hole 150 from the outside, and a second watertight packing 122 is positioned between vertically disposed second concrete block bodies 121, and the second watertight packing 122 prevents water from being introduced into the concrete column through-hole 150 from the outside.

That is, in the concrete block assembly 100A, although water exists in the concrete column through-hole 150, there is no water inside the guide bar 180, but only in the space outside the guide bar 180. Further, external water cannot be introduced into the concrete column through-holes 150 due to the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122.

(6) Column drainage step

After the second concrete block installation step, as shown in fig. 29, a column drainage step is performed to remove water inside the concrete column through-holes 150.

For this, the drain 170 including the drain pump 171 and the drain hose 172 is connected to the upper end of the drain pipe 185, and the water contained inside the concrete column through-hole 150 is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 185 and the drain 170 due to the operation of the drain pump 171.

Meanwhile, since the water cannot flow into the concrete column via 150 from the outside due to the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122, the concrete column via 150 becomes dry due to this step.

In this embodiment, only water in the outer space of the guide bar 180 is discharged inside the concrete column through-hole 150, and thus the water discharge time is greatly reduced.

According to one embodiment, there may be situations where the guide bar 180 is not used. In this case, the drain hose is inserted until there is an inconvenience in the lower portion of the concrete column through-hole 150, and further, since the inside of the concrete column through-hole 150 is filled with water, it takes a relatively long time for drainage.

(8) Guide bar removal step

After the column drainage step, as shown in fig. 30, a guide bar removal step is performed to remove the guide bar 180.

The guide bar 180 is rotated such that the threaded coupling of the tube side coupler 183 and the block side coupler 114 is released, and the guide bar 180 is moved upward such that the guide bar 180 is removed.

(9) Concrete column forming step

After the guide bar removing step, as shown in fig. 31, fresh concrete 163 is poured into each of the concrete column through holes 150, and concrete columns 160 are formed in the concrete column through holes 150, each of the concrete columns 160 being formed such that the column reinforcement assemblies 113 and the poured fresh concrete 163 are integrated with each other.

In this case, there is no water in the concrete column through-holes 150, and since the first and second watertight fillers 112 and 122 there is no risk of leakage of fresh concrete 163 to the outside, a separate waterproof film is not required.

That is, the casting of the fresh concrete 163 may be performed in the same environment as on land.

Meanwhile, the upper end portion of the column reinforcement assembly 113 does not form the concrete column 160 and protrudes from the top of the concrete column 160.

That is, the column reinforcement assembly 113 of the first concrete block 110 has a length passing through the concrete column through-hole 150 and protrudes from the top of the concrete column through-hole 150.

(10) Cap concrete forming step

After the concrete column forming step, as shown in fig. 32, cap concrete 190 is formed on top of the concrete block assembly 100A, thereby completing the concrete block structure 100B.

In this case, the upper end portion of the column reinforcement assembly 113 protruding upward from the upper surface of the concrete column through-hole 150 is connected to the inner reinforcement of the cap concrete 190.

The cap concrete 190 covers the top of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140.

That is, in the concrete block structure 100B, the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 is closed by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of each of the second concrete blocks 120, the buoyancy chamber bottom surface 111a of the first concrete block 110, and the cap concrete 190.

Meanwhile, the cap concrete 190 has a working hole 191 formed therein for assembling drainage of the buoyancy chamber 140.

(11) Assembling buoyancy chamber drainage step

After the cap concrete forming step, as shown in fig. 33, an assembly buoyancy chamber draining step is performed to remove water inside the assembly buoyancy chamber 140.

Meanwhile, because of the first and second watertight packing 112 and 122, water cannot flow into the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside, and because of this step, the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 becomes dry.

When the water inside the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 is discharged in this way, as shown in fig. 34, the concrete block structure 100B floats to the water surface due to the buoyancy of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140.

In the underwater concrete block structure 100B manufactured as described above, the lower end portion of the column bar assembly 113 is connected with the first concrete block 110, and the upper end portion of the column bar assembly 113 is connected with the cap concrete 190, so the concrete block structure 100B has a very firm structure.

That is, the concrete column 160, the first concrete block 110, and the cap concrete 190 may be integrally formed through the column rebar assembly 113.

Next, a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

Fig. 35 is a conceptual sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 36 is a conceptual perspective view of fig. 35, fig. 37 is a conceptual sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 38 is a conceptual perspective view of fig. 37, fig. 39 is a conceptual sectional view of another second concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 40 is a conceptual perspective view of fig. 39, fig. 41 is a conceptual sectional view of a third concrete block used in a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 42 is a conceptual perspective view of fig. 41, and fig. 43 to 47 are views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a floatable concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

(1) First concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 35 and 36, a first concrete block 110 is manufactured.

A first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed in the first concrete block body 111.

A plurality of first column space parts 111b are formed along the edges of the first buoyancy chamber 111a on the top of the first concrete block body 111.

In this embodiment, the first column space part 111b is a groove having a truncated cone shape with an open upper portion.

In this embodiment, the first packing groove 111c is divided into a first inner packing groove 111c-1 and a first outer packing groove 111c-2, and the first watertight packing 112 is divided into a first inner watertight packing 112-1 and a first outer watertight packing 112-2.

The first inner packing groove 111c-1 and the first inner packing 112-1 surround the first buoyancy chamber 111a inside the first column space part 111b, and the first outer packing groove 111c-2 and the first outer packing 112-2 surround the first buoyancy chamber 111a and the first inner packing 112-1 outside the first inner packing groove 111c-1, the first inner packing 112-1 and the first column space part 111b.

Each of the first inner watertight packing 112-1 and the first outer watertight packing 112-2 has a quadrangular ring shape surrounding the first buoyancy chamber 111a.

In the first concrete block body 111, a plurality of first temporary coupling bolts 115 are provided in a form surrounding the first buoyancy chamber 111 a.

Each of the first temporary coupling bolts 115 extends vertically upward from a lower end portion of the first temporary coupling bolt 115 connected to the inside of the first concrete block body 111, and protrudes upward from an upper surface of the first concrete block body 111.

In fig. 1 and 2, the first buoyancy chamber 111a is shown to be too small (to show other components as being large enough) for ease of understanding, and the first buoyancy chamber 111a is sized large enough to allow the first concrete block 110 to float on the water surface.

(2) Second concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, a second concrete block 120 is manufactured. In this embodiment, the second concrete block is divided into a second concrete block-1-120-1 as shown in fig. 37 and 38, and a second concrete block-2 120-2 as shown in fig. 39 and 40.

Each of the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2 includes a second concrete block body 121 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

A second buoyancy chamber 121a is formed in the second concrete block body 121.

As with the first concrete block 110, the second packing groove 121c is divided into a second inner packing groove 121c-1 and a second outer packing groove 121c-2, and the second watertight packing 122 is divided into a second inner watertight packing 122-1 and a second outer watertight packing 122-2.

In the second concrete block body 121, a plurality of second temporary coupling bolts 125 are provided in a form surrounding the second buoyancy chamber 121 a.

Each of the second temporary coupling bolts 125 extends vertically upward from a lower end portion of the second temporary coupling bolt 125 connected to the inside of the second concrete block body 121, and protrudes upward from an upper surface of the second concrete block body 121.

Meanwhile, in the second concrete block body 121, a plurality of second bolting spaces 124 are formed in a form surrounding the second buoyancy chamber 121 a.

Each of the second bolting spaces 124 includes a second bolt through hole 124a vertically extending in the second concrete block body 121, and a second nut seat groove 124b formed on the second bolt through hole 124a and having a sectional area larger than that of the second bolt through hole 124 a.

For ease of understanding, the second temporary coupling bolt 125 and the second bolting space 124 shown in fig. 37 and 38 are conceptually shown.

Further, as shown in fig. 38 and 40, the second concrete block-1 120-1 and the second concrete block-2 120-2 are different from each other only in arrangement of the second temporary coupling bolt 125 and the second bolting space 124, and remain the same as each other.

(3) Third concrete block manufacturing step

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 41 and 42, a third concrete block 130 is manufactured.

In the third concrete block body 131, a plurality of third bolting spaces 134 are formed in a form surrounding the buoyancy chamber top surface 131 a.

Each of the third bolting spaces 134 includes a third bolt through hole 134a vertically extending in the third concrete block body 131, and a third nut seat groove 134b formed on the third bolt through hole 134a and having a sectional area larger than that of the third bolt through hole 134 a.

(4) A first concrete block floating step

After the first concrete block manufacturing step, as shown in fig. 43, the first concrete block 110 is floated on the water surface.

In this case, the first concrete block 110 floats on the water surface by the buoyancy of the first buoyancy chamber 111 a.

Typically, after the first concrete block 110 is manufactured on land, the first concrete block 110 is installed to float on the water surface as shown in fig. 43.

In some cases, auxiliary buoyancy members (not shown) may be combined with the first concrete block 110 to increase its buoyancy.

(5) Second concrete block mounting step

After the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block floating step, as shown in fig. 44 and 45, the second concrete block-1 120-1 and the second concrete block-2 120-2 are installed on the first concrete block 110 floating on the water surface to form a concrete block assembly 100A.

Accordingly, in the concrete block assembly 100A formed according to the installation of the second concrete block 120-1 and the second concrete block 120-2, the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120-1, the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120-2, and the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the first concrete block 110 communicate with each other, and the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 having a closed lower end is formed.

In fig. 44 and 45, the upper surface of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 is open.

In the concrete block assembly 100A, the second watertight packing 122 is positioned between the second concrete block body 121 and the second concrete block body 121, and prevents water from being introduced into the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside.

In particular, in fig. 45, although the first concrete block body 111 is positioned below the water surface, the first watertight filler 112 prevents water from being introduced into the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 from the outside, thereby allowing the concrete block assembly 100A to float.

However, in the concrete block assembly 100A, the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121 are not completely coupled to each other, and thus, when the concrete block assembly 100A receives a large impact from the outside, water may be introduced into a gap between the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121.

In order to prevent this problem, it is preferable to temporarily couple the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121 to each other and temporarily couple the second concrete block body 121 and the second concrete block body 121 to each other.

The description will be made with reference to fig. 44.

After the second concrete block 1 120-1 is installed while the first temporary coupling bolt 115 of the first concrete block 110 is inserted into the second bolting space 124 of the second concrete block 1 120-1, the nut 172 is fixed to the first temporary coupling bolt 115 while the washer 171 is installed on the upper end portion of the first temporary coupling bolt 115. The fixed nut 172 and washer 171 are positioned in the second nut seat recess 124 b.

Accordingly, the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121 are temporarily coupled to each other.

Such temporary coupling is sufficient to withstand external impacts during the manufacturing process of the concrete block structure of the present disclosure.

Likewise, in fig. 45, the second concrete block-1 120-1 and the second concrete block-2120-2 are temporarily coupled to each other by the second temporary coupling bolt 12, the washer 171, and the nut 172.

(6) Third concrete block mounting step

After the third concrete block manufacturing step and the second concrete block installation step, as shown in fig. 46, a third concrete block 130 is installed on the second concrete block-2 120-2 to complete the form of the concrete block assembly 100A.

In the completed concrete block assembly 100A, the assembled buoyancy chamber 140 has closed upper and lower ends by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of each of the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2, the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the first concrete block 110, and the buoyancy chamber top surface 131a of the third concrete block 130.

Further, the first column space portion 111b of the first concrete block 110, the second column through hole 121b of each of the second concrete block 120-1 and the second concrete block 120-2, and the third column through hole 131b of the third concrete block 130 communicate with each other and form a concrete column through hole 150.

Further, the second temporary coupling bolt 125 is inserted into the third bolt connection space 134, and the washer 171 and the nut 172 are fixed to the upper end portion of the second temporary coupling bolt 125, so that the second concrete block-2 120-2 and the third concrete block 130 are temporarily coupled to each other.

(7) Concrete column forming step

After the third concrete block installation step, as shown in fig. 47, a concrete column 160 is formed in the concrete column through hole 150.

That is, the concrete column 160 is formed along the first column space portion 111B of the first concrete block 110, the second column through hole 121B of each of the second concrete block 120-1 and the second concrete block 120-2, and the third column through hole 131B of the third concrete block 130 to form the concrete block structure 100B having the first concrete block 110, each of the second concrete block 120-1 and the second concrete block 120-2, and the third concrete block 130 coupled to each other by the concrete column 160.

Meanwhile, since the concrete column through-hole 150 is positioned between the first inner watertight filler 112-1 and the first outer watertight filler 112-2, and between the second inner watertight filler 122-1 and the second outer watertight filler 122-2, leakage of the fresh concrete 163 is prevented.

As shown in fig. 47, since the first column space part 111b has a truncated cone shape and the third column through hole 131b has an inverted truncated cone shape, the concrete column 160 has a structure in which each of the first concrete block 110, the second concrete block 120-1, and the second concrete block 120-2, and the third concrete block 130 are definitely prohibited from being separated from each other.

When the concrete column 160 is formed, the first, second and third concrete blocks 110, 120 and 130 can be kept coupled to each other by the concrete column 160 even under severe ocean conditions, and the coupled state of the first, second and third concrete blocks 110, 120 and 130 can be maintained even if the first temporary coupling bolt 125 is corroded and damaged.

The technique described in the second embodiment can be applied to the modified form of the third embodiment.

That is, a portion of the second embodiment different from the first embodiment is applied to the third embodiment, so that a modified form of the third embodiment can be proposed.

For example, in a modification of the third embodiment, the first concrete block may include a plurality of column rebar assemblies, each of which extends vertically upward from a lower end thereof connected to the interior of the first concrete block body and protrudes upward from an upper surface of the first concrete block body.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

Fig. 48 is a conceptual sectional view of a floatable concrete block structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 49 is a conceptual perspective view illustrating a form in which first, second and third concrete blocks used in fig. 48 are stacked on each other by separating some of the first, second and third concrete blocks.

The concrete block structure of fig. 48 floats on the water surface.

In fig. 49, the concrete column 160 is not shown for ease of understanding.

Each of the first concrete blocks 110 has four first buoyancy chambers 111a formed therein.

Further, the plurality of first concrete blocks 110 float on the water surface to be continuously disposed in all directions in the horizontal direction (in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction).

Each of the second concrete blocks 120 also has four second buoyancy chambers 121a formed therein.

A plurality of second concrete blocks 120 are mounted on the first concrete blocks 110 floating on the water surface. The second concrete block 120 is also continuously disposed in all directions in the horizontal direction.

Further, each of the second concrete blocks 120 is positioned at the center of four second concrete blocks 120 adjacent to each other, and thus, one second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120 communicates with the first buoyancy chamber 111a of any one of the four first concrete blocks 110, and the other second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120 communicates with the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the other one of the four first concrete blocks 110.

Thus, there are a plurality of second concrete blocks 120 (four second concrete blocks in this embodiment) installed continuously in the horizontal direction on one first concrete block 110.

Further, there are a plurality of third concrete blocks 130, and the plurality of third concrete blocks are installed on the second concrete blocks 120 floating on the water surface and are continuously disposed in the horizontal direction.

In addition, one third concrete block 130 is connected with four second concrete blocks 120 positioned below the third concrete block 130.

After the first concrete block 110, the second concrete block 120, and the third concrete block 130 are installed in this way, a concrete column 160 is formed.

This embodiment shows that the concrete block structure of the present disclosure can have a very wide structure in the horizontal direction.

Accordingly, the concrete block structure of the present disclosure is not particularly limited in terms of vertical and horizontal dimensions, and such a very large structure can be easily manufactured.

Meanwhile, according to one embodiment, a buoyancy control device (not shown) may be provided to control the buoyancy of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140.

The buoyancy control device may drain water in the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 to the outside or introduce water into the assembly buoyancy chamber 140 to control the buoyancy of the assembly buoyancy chamber.

Thus, the concrete block structure of the present disclosure may float to the surface or sink into the water like a submarine when controlling the buoyancy of the assembled buoyancy chamber 140.

In some cases, buoyancy-assisted tubes having greater buoyancy may be mounted to the concrete block structure of the present disclosure, and in addition, in some cases, a propulsion device may be mounted to the concrete block structure of the present disclosure such that the concrete block structure of the present disclosure may be self-moving on the water surface.

As described above, the concrete block structure of the present disclosure can be manufactured without using a large barge or in a very short period of time by using a large barge, and thus its manufacturing cost is very economical.

In addition, the concrete blocks constituting the concrete block structure can be transported on land, and the installation work thereof is simplified, thereby reducing the total construction cost.

In addition, in the case of the first and second embodiments, since most of the manufacturing work of the concrete block structure is performed underwater, no overhead work is required, and thus work in a relatively safe environment is possible.

The above description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all respects, rather than restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may also be implemented in combination.

The scope of the present disclosure is indicated by the claims described above, rather than the specific embodiments, and it is understood that all changes or modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

Floatable concrete block structures according to the present disclosure may be used for various purposes, such as floating breakwaters, platforms for wind/tidal power generation and alternatives to large caissons in general.

Claims

1. A method of making a floatable concrete block structure, the method comprising:

a first concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a first concrete block including a first concrete block body and a first watertight packing, wherein a buoyancy chamber bottom surface is formed on an upper surface of the first concrete block body, and the first watertight packing is provided on the upper surface of the first concrete block body in a form surrounding the buoyancy chamber bottom surface;

a second concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a second concrete block including a second concrete block body in which a second buoyancy chamber having an open lower surface and a plurality of second column through holes extending vertically are formed;

a first concrete block installation step of installing the first concrete block by immersing the first concrete block in water after the first concrete block manufacturing step;

A second concrete block installation step of installing the second concrete block after the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step such that a concrete block assembly is formed by installing the second concrete block on the first concrete block, an assembled buoyancy chamber having a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly by the second buoyancy chamber of the second concrete block and the buoyancy chamber bottom surface of the first concrete block, and the first watertight packing is positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block, and prevents water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber from the outside;

a concrete column forming step of forming a concrete column coupling the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other along each of the second column through holes after the second concrete block mounting step to form a concrete block structure having the first concrete block and the second concrete block coupled to each other by the concrete column; and

And an assembly buoyancy chamber draining step of draining water contained in the assembly buoyancy chamber after the concrete column forming step so that the concrete block structure floats to the water surface by buoyancy of the assembly buoyancy chamber.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first concrete block includes a plurality of column rebar assemblies, each of the plurality of column rebar assemblies extending vertically upward from a lower end thereof connected to an interior of the first concrete block body and protruding upward from the upper surface of the first concrete block body;

in the second concrete block mounting step, mounting the second concrete block on the first concrete block such that the column reinforcement assembly of the first concrete block is inserted into the second column through hole of the second concrete block, and forming a concrete column through hole having a closed lower end in the concrete block assembly through the second column through hole of the second concrete block and the first concrete block;

a column drainage step of removing water contained inside the concrete column through-hole after the second concrete block installation step; and

In the concrete column forming step, the concrete column having the column reinforcement assembly and the poured concrete integrated with each other is formed by pouring concrete into the concrete column through-holes after the column draining step.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces;

a third concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a third concrete block including a third concrete block body having a plurality of third column through holes extending vertically and having a buoyancy chamber top surface formed on a lower surface of the third concrete block body to cover an upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber;

adding a third concrete block mounting step, mounting the third concrete block on the second concrete block after the second concrete block mounting step and the third concrete block manufacturing step; and

in the concrete column forming step, the concrete column is formed along the second column through hole and the third column through hole to form the concrete block structure having the first concrete block, the second concrete block, and the third concrete block coupled to each other by the concrete column.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces; and

a cap concrete forming step is added, and cap concrete is formed on the second concrete block to cover the upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber after the concrete column forming step.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second concrete block is provided with a second watertight packing disposed on an upper surface of the second concrete block body in a manner surrounding the second buoyancy chamber; and

in the second concrete block mounting step, a plurality of second concrete blocks are mounted in a multi-layered manner on the first concrete block, and the second watertight packing is positioned between the second concrete blocks mounted vertically adjacent to each other, so that water is prevented from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber from the outside.

6. A method of making a floatable concrete block structure, the method comprising:

a first concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a first concrete block including a first concrete block body having a first buoyancy chamber formed in an upper portion thereof with an open upper surface, and a first watertight packing provided on the upper surface of the first concrete block body in a form surrounding the first buoyancy chamber;

a first concrete block floating step of floating the first concrete block on a water surface after the first concrete block manufacturing step;

a second concrete block installation step of installing the second concrete block on the first concrete block floating on the water surface after the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block floating step to form a concrete block assembly in which an assembly buoyancy chamber having a closed lower end formed by the second buoyancy chamber of the second concrete block and the first buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block communicating with the second buoyancy chamber is formed, and the first watertight packing is positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block so that water is prevented from being introduced into the assembly buoyancy chamber from the outside; and

And a concrete column forming step of forming a concrete column coupling the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other along each of the second column through holes after the second concrete block mounting step to form a concrete block structure having the first concrete block and the second concrete block coupled to each other by the concrete column.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first concrete block includes a plurality of column rebar assemblies, each of the plurality of column rebar assemblies extending vertically upward from a lower end thereof connected to an interior of the first concrete block body and protruding upward from the upper surface of the first concrete block body;

in the second concrete block mounting step, mounting the second concrete block on the first concrete block such that the column reinforcement assembly of the first concrete block is inserted into the second column through hole of the second concrete block, and forming a concrete column through hole having a closed lower end in the concrete block assembly through the second column through hole of the second concrete block and the first concrete block; and

In the concrete column forming step, the concrete column having the column reinforcement assembly and the cast concrete integrated with each other is formed by casting concrete into the concrete column through-holes.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the first concrete block body includes a plurality of first temporary coupling bolts, each of the plurality of first temporary coupling bolts extending vertically upward from a lower end thereof connected to an interior of the first concrete block body and protruding upward from the upper surface of the first concrete block body, the first temporary coupling bolts being disposed in surrounding relation to the first buoyancy chamber;

the second concrete block body having a plurality of second bolting spaces, each of the plurality of second bolting spaces including a vertically extending second bolt through hole and a second nut seat groove formed on the second bolt through hole and having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the second bolt through hole; and

in the second concrete block mounting step, the first temporary coupling bolt of the first concrete block is inserted into the second bolting space of the second concrete block, and a nut is positioned in the second nut seat groove while being fixed to the first temporary coupling bolt, so that the second concrete block is temporarily coupled to the first concrete block.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein in the first concrete block floating step, a plurality of first concrete blocks are horizontally disposed in succession; and

in the second concrete block mounting step, a plurality of second concrete blocks are horizontally disposed in succession, and there are a plurality of second concrete blocks horizontally disposed in succession on one first concrete block.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces;

adding a third concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a third concrete block including a third concrete block body having a plurality of third column through holes extending vertically and having a buoyancy chamber top surface formed on a lower surface of the third concrete block body to cover an upper side of the second buoyancy chamber;

In the concrete column forming step, each of the concrete columns is formed along each of the second column through holes and each of the third column through holes to form the concrete block structure having the first, second, and third concrete blocks coupled to each other by the concrete column.

11. The method of claim 6, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces; and

12. The method of claim 6, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces;

the second concrete block is provided with a second watertight packing disposed on an upper surface of the second concrete block body in a manner surrounding the second buoyancy chamber; and

13. A floatable concrete block structure comprising:

a concrete block assembly, the concrete block assembly comprising: a first concrete block having a first concrete block body, wherein a buoyancy chamber bottom surface is formed on an upper surface of the first concrete block body; a second concrete block comprising a second concrete block body and mounted on the first concrete block, the second concrete block body having a second buoyancy chamber with an open lower surface to cooperate with the buoyancy chamber bottom surface of the first concrete block to form an assembled buoyancy chamber with a closed lower end, and the second concrete block body having a plurality of vertically extending second post through holes; and a first watertight packing positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block and preventing water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber from the outside; and

a concrete column, each of the concrete columns formed along each of the second column through holes to couple the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other.

14. The floatable concrete block structure of claim 13, wherein a first buoyancy chamber having an open upper surface is formed in an upper portion of the first concrete block body, and the first buoyancy chamber includes the buoyancy chamber bottom surface and forms the assembled buoyancy chamber with the second buoyancy chamber.

15. The floatable concrete block structure of claim 13, wherein the first concrete block includes a plurality of column rebar assemblies, each of the plurality of column rebar assemblies extending vertically upward from a lower end thereof connected to the interior of the first concrete block body and projecting upward from the upper surface of the first concrete block body,

the column reinforcement assembly is inserted into the second column through hole of the second concrete block,

forming a concrete column through hole having a closed lower end in the concrete block assembly through the second column through hole of the second concrete block and the first concrete block, and

the concrete column is formed such that concrete poured into the concrete column through-holes is integral with the column reinforcement assembly.

16. The floatable concrete block structure of claim 15, wherein the first watertight filler comprises a first inner watertight filler surrounding the assembled buoyancy chamber and a first outer watertight filler positioned outside and surrounding the first inner watertight filler, and the plurality of column rebar assemblies are positioned between the first inner watertight filler and the first outer watertight filler.

17. The floatable concrete block structure of claim 13, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces,

the concrete block assembly includes a third concrete block including a third concrete block body having a plurality of third column through holes extending vertically and covering an upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber and mounted on the second concrete block, and

each of the concrete columns is formed along each of the second column through holes and each of the third column through holes to couple the first, second, and third concrete blocks to each other.

18. The floatable concrete block structure of claim 13, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces, and

and a cap concrete formed on the second concrete block for covering an upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber.

19. The floatable concrete block structure of claim 13, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces,

The second concrete block is mounted on the first concrete block in a multi-layer manner, and

the concrete block assembly includes a second watertight packing positioned between the second concrete blocks installed to be vertically adjacent to each other and preventing water from being introduced into the assembled buoyancy chamber from the outside.

20. A floatable concrete block structure according to claim 13, wherein a first column space is formed in the first concrete block body so as to form the concrete column, and

each of the concrete columns is formed along each of the first column space portions and each of the second column through holes to couple the first concrete blocks and the second concrete blocks to each other.

21. The floatable concrete block structure of claim 13, wherein the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has open upper and lower surfaces,

providing a third concrete block or cap concrete on the second concrete block to cover the upper side of the assembled buoyancy chamber, and

a buoyancy control device is provided which discharges water in the assembled buoyancy chamber to the outside or introduces water into the assembled buoyancy chamber to control the buoyancy of the assembled buoyancy chamber.

22. A floatable concrete block structure according to claim 13, wherein the assembled buoyancy chamber is capable of functioning as a space for receiving a filler material.