CN117309144A - Broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system and method - Google Patents
Broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system and a method, wherein the system comprises a parameter analysis module, a scanning execution module, a position judgment module, a motor control module, a detector time sequence generation module, a data processing module, a waveform splicing module and a data transmission module; according to the invention, a segmented automatic scanning method is adopted, the grating is sequentially rotated to N fixed angles, and the spectrum is segmented and collected by adopting the array detector, so that fine spectrum scanning covering the whole wave band is realized, and the scanning speed and the sampling resolution are improved; the sectional display and spectrum splicing method takes the central position of the effective pixel of the detector as a reference, and calculates the wavelength value corresponding to each pixel of each section, thereby realizing the seamless spectrum splicing and display of the full-band coverage. The invention effectively combines the characteristics of the rotary grating and the fixed array detector, can realize the rapid scanning within the full wavelength range, and can improve the sampling resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grating spectrometers, in particular to a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system and a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control method.
Background
The two main stream structural forms of the grating spectrometer are: a fixed grating and an array detector are adopted, spectral bands with fixed widths and fixed positions are formed after the grating is split, and the array detector receives spectral information on an imaging spectral plane; one is to use a rotating grating and a single-point detector, and drive the grating to rotate through a motor, so as to change the incident angle and the diffraction angle, and enable light with different wavelengths to fall on the single-point detector in sequence.
The spectrum light splitting system with fixed grating and array detector is adopted, and full-band spectrum light is split and then imaged on the photosensitive surface of the array detector once, namely the detector needs to collect all spectrum information once. Because the number of the detector pixels is limited, each pixel only contains the spectrum information of one wavelength sampling point, when the wavelength range is very wide, the spectrum information of a plurality of wavelength points cannot be sampled, the spectrum details which can be resolved are limited, and the resolution ratio is lower.
The spectrum light splitting system adopting the mode of rotating the grating and the single-point detector can continuously change the incident angle and the diffraction angle through the rotation of the grating, so that light falls on the single-point detector, and spectrum scanning is realized, but in order to ensure that spectrum data of each wavelength point are completely acquired, a motor is required to stop at each wavelength point, or the motor rotates at a slow speed, so that the realization of rapid scanning of a broadband spectrum is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system and a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control method, so as to achieve the purposes of realizing rapid scanning within a full wavelength range and improving sampling resolution.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system comprises a parameter analysis module, a scanning execution module, a position judgment module, a motor control module, a detector time sequence generation module, a data processing module, a waveform splicing module and a data transmission module;
the parameter analysis module is used for analyzing parameters set by a user on the setting interface into a scanning instruction and a circuit control signal and transmitting the scanning instruction and the circuit control signal to the scanning execution module;
the scanning execution module is used for executing spectrum segmentation scanning events and controlling the sequence and flow of the movement of the grating motor and the acquisition of the array detector;
the position judging module is used for calculating the initial position and the final position of the sectional scanning of the grating motor and judging the difference between the current position and the expected position, so that the motor control module drives the grating motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise;
the detector time sequence generation module is used for generating a time sequence signal for driving the detector circuit so as to drive the array detector to collect spectrum signals in a segmented mode according to the time sequence requirement;
the data processing module acquires a spectrum signal of the array detector through the signal acquisition circuit and converts the spectrum signal into a digital signal;
the waveform splicing module is used for splicing the spectrum waveforms obtained by the sectional scanning, and finally, the final waveform is displayed on the display interface through the data transmission module.
A broadband spectrum rapid scanning control method adopts the broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting parameters at a setting interface by a user, sending the parameters to a parameter analysis module, analyzing the parameters into a scanning instruction and a circuit control signal by the parameter analysis module, and transmitting the scanning instruction and the circuit control signal to a scanning execution module;
step 2, a scanning execution module executes a spectrum sectional scanning event and controls the sequence and flow of the movement of the grating motor and the acquisition of the array detector;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the position judging module calculates the initial position and the final position of the sectional scanning of the grating motor and judges the difference between the current position and the expected position, so that the motor control module drives the grating motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise to realize the rotation of the grating to different angles;
the detector time sequence generating module generates a time sequence signal for driving the detector driving circuit, so that the array detector is driven to collect spectrum signals in a segmented mode according to the time sequence requirement;
and 3, the signal acquisition circuit acquires the spectrum signals of the array detector and transmits the spectrum signals to the data processing module, the data processing module converts the spectrum signals into digital signals, the waveform splicing module splices the spectrum waveforms obtained by the sectional scanning, and finally the final waveforms are displayed on the interface through the data transmission module.
In the above scheme, in step 2, the entire wavelength band is divided into N wavelength bands from the start wavelength to the end wavelength, and the position value S of the grating motor corresponding to each wavelength band i is respectively issued i I=1, 2, … and N, and rotating the grating to angles corresponding to the N wave bands, so that the imaging spectrum surface of the grating covers the photosensitive surface of the array detector at the N angles, the central wavelength of each wave band corresponds to the central pixel of the effective pixel of the array detector, and the starting wavelength and the ending wavelength of each wave band correspond to the 1 st pixel and the last 1 pixel of the effective pixel of the array detector respectively, thereby realizing the full-wave band coverage scanning and spectrum signal detection.
In the above scheme, the specific flow of step 2 includes the following steps:
(1) Issuing a self-checking instruction, searching a zero position by the grating motor, and judging whether the self-checking is finished or not according to a feedback state;
(2) Determining the grating position corresponding to the center of the array detector of the segmented scanning according to the relation between the grating position corresponding to the initial wavelength and the termination wavelength and the interval between the two adjacent grating positions;
(3) According to the grating position value obtained in the step (2), the grating motor sequentially emits light to the grating position, and sends a rotation instruction of the generator, and whether the grating motor rotates in place is monitored;
(4) Waiting for the grating motor to rotate in place, and collecting segmented spectrum data by the array detector;
(5) Displaying a section on a coordinate system every scanning section, and calculating a wavelength value corresponding to each pixel of each section when the section is displayed;
(6) Repeating the steps (2) - (5), collecting segmented spectrum data, and performing display splicing, so as to finally realize spectrum seamless splicing covering all wave bands.
In the above scheme, the specific method of step (2) is as follows:
firstly, calculating and obtaining grating positions corresponding to an initial wavelength, a central wavelength and a termination wavelength according to a grating equation formula;
the formula of the grating equation is as formula (1):
λ＝K 0 *sinθ (1)
wherein lambda is the wavelength value, K 0 =2dcos ((α+β)/2), where d is the grating constant, is the reciprocal of the grating line, α is the angle of incidence, β is the angle of diffraction, and therefore, K 0 Is a constant determined by the spectral spectroscopic optical path structure; θ is the rotation angle of the grating, θ= (α - β)/2, and the relationship between the grating position S is as in formula (2):
θ＝(S-S origin )*δ (2)
wherein S is origin The zero-order light corresponds to the grating position; delta is the angular resolution of the grating, as in equation (3):
wherein, gamma is the step angle of the grating motor, x is the thin fraction of the motor driver, and t is the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism;
the grating is driven by a grating motor, so that the grating position is actually the number of driving pulses of the motor; the grating motor can be driven to rotate to the corresponding position by corresponding driving pulse, and the grating position S can be obtained according to the formula (1) and the formula (2), such as the formula (4):
when the initial wavelength lambda is set start Center wavelength lambda mid And a termination wavelength lambda end When the grating position corresponding to the initial wavelength, the central wavelength and the final wavelength can be deduced according to the formula (4), such as the formula (5), the formula (6) and the formula (7):
wherein S is start At an initial wavelength lambda start Corresponding grating position S mid At a central wavelength lambda mid Corresponding grating position S end To terminate wavelength lambda end The corresponding grating position;
then, determining the grating position corresponding to the center of the segmented scanning array detector; the calculation and judgment criteria of the grating position corresponding to the center of the segmented scanning array detector are as follows:
1) If S end -S start T is less than or equal to 1 section of scanning is needed to cover the starting wavelength and the ending wavelength, and 1 time of position value S is issued mid It is enough to makeThe position of the center wavelength is imaged on a center pixel of the array detector; wherein T is the grating position interval of two adjacent sections;
2) If S end -S start >T, the center wavelength lambda mid Corresponding grating position S mid As a scanning center:
(1) the grating position sequentially issued by the ith section of the front half part is S i ＝S mid iT, i=1, 2, …, N denotes dividing the entire band of wavelengths from the start wavelength to the end wavelength into N bands; when (S) i -T/2)≤S start Indicating that the starting wavelength has been covered;
(2) the grating position sequentially issued by the ith section of the second half part is S i ＝S mid +it, i=1, 2, …, N, when (S i +T/2)≥S end Indicating that the termination wavelength has been covered;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are satisfied, the whole set scanning range is covered; the total number of scan segments is n= (S end -S start ) and/T, rounding up.
In the above scheme, the zero order light corresponds to the grating position S origin Obtained by: the red light is utilized to enter from the incident slit, and the grating angle is adjusted, so that zero-order light is driven to the vicinity of the central position of the surface of the array detector, and the general position is found; fine-adjusting the grating position S to make the waveform peak position fall at the M/2 th pixel position, wherein M is the effective pixel number of the array detector, and S is S at the moment origin 。
In the above scheme, the grating position interval T of two adjacent segments is obtained by: finding out the characteristic peak of a light source, firstly moving the grating motor to T 1 The position is that the characteristic peak is imaged on the 1 st pixel, and then the grating motor is rotated to T 2 Position such that the characteristic peak imaging position moves to the last 1 pel, then t=t 2 -T 1 。
In the above scheme, in step (5), the method for calculating the wavelength value corresponding to each pixel in each band is as follows:
the wavelength of the j-th pixel of the i-th band is calculated as follows:
taking the central position of the effective pixels of the array detector, namely M/2 th pixels as a reference, wherein M is the number of the effective pixels of the array detector, and the imaging included angle between the j-th pixels and the central position is delta alpha:
wherein f is the focal length of the system, l is the distance from the jth pixel to the Mth/2 th pixel on the array detector, j=1, 2,3 …, M;
wherein p is the distance between adjacent pixels of the array detector;
when the grating rotates by an angle delta alpha, the corresponding grating position rotates by a step delta S, and the grating position interval from the jth pixel to the central position is as follows:
wherein δ is the angular resolution of the grating;
therefore, with M/2 pixels as a reference, calculating the wavelength values corresponding to the pixels to two sides respectively, and then the grating positions corresponding to the j-th pixel of the i-th segment are as follows:
wherein S is i The position of the grating motor issued for the ith section;
combining the formulas (1) and (2) to obtain a wavelength value lambda corresponding to the j-th pixel of the i-th segment ij Represented by formula (12):
λ＝K 0 *sinθ (1)
θ＝(S-S origin )*δ (2)
wherein lambda is the wavelength value, K 0 Is a constant determined by the spectrum light path structure, theta is the rotation angle of the grating, S origin The zero-order light corresponds to the grating position;
through the technical scheme, the broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system and the broadband spectrum rapid scanning control method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the segmented automatic scanning method, the grating is sequentially rotated to N fixed angles, and the spectrum is segmented and collected by adopting the array detector. When the initial wavelength lambda is set start Center wavelength lambda mid And a termination wavelength lambda end And calculating grating positions corresponding to the initial wavelength, the central wavelength and the termination wavelength through a formula. Lambda is calculated according to the calculation and judgment criteria start ～λ end Dividing into N wave bands, and sequentially rotating the grating to the position values S corresponding to the N wave bands i The imaging spectrum surfaces of the grating cover the photosensitive surfaces of the array detector at the N angles, so that fine spectrum scanning covering the whole wave band is realized, and the scanning speed and the sampling resolution are improved.
Compared with the prior art, the grating motor of the invention does not need to stop at each wavelength point position, only needs to calculate the number N of segments after setting the scanning range, and sequentially rotates to the corresponding grating position S i The time consumed by starting the motor is reduced, and the scanning speed can be improved by T times on average;
(2) The method for sectionally displaying and spectrum splicing uses the central position of the effective pixel of the array detector, namely the Mth/2 th pixel as a reference, calculates the distance delta S between the jth pixel and the central position through the imaging included angle delta alpha between the jth pixel and the central position, deduces the grating position corresponding to the jth pixel of the ith section, and finally obtains the wavelength value lambda corresponding to the jth pixel of the ith section ij Thereby realizing the seamless splicing and display of the spectrum covering the full wave band.
Compared with the prior art, the invention greatly exerts the characteristics of the array detector, utilizes the array detector to collect spectrum signals in the whole wavelength range in N times in a segmented way, increases the total sampling points from M to M by N, improves the sampling resolution by N times, and improves the resolution capability of spectrum details.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a broadband spectrum fast scan control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a segmented scan according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a segment scanning process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a segmented lower light emitting gate position in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a splice of spectral data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of wavelength calculations in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system, which effectively combines the characteristics of a rotary grating and a fixed array detector, can realize rapid scanning in a full wavelength range, and can improve sampling resolution. As shown in FIG. 1, the system comprises a parameter analysis module, a scanning execution module, a position judgment module, a motor control module, a detector time sequence generation module, a data processing module, a waveform splicing module and a data transmission module. The function of each module is as follows:
the parameter analysis module is used for analyzing parameters set by a user at the setting interface into a scanning instruction and a circuit control signal and transmitting the scanning instruction and the circuit control signal to the scanning execution module;
the scanning execution module is used for executing a spectrum segmentation scanning event and controlling the sequence and flow of the movement of the grating motor and the acquisition of the array detector;
the position judging module is used for calculating the starting position and the ending position of the sectional scanning of the grating motor and judging the difference between the current position and the expected position, so that the motor control module drives the grating motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise;
the detector time sequence generating module is used for generating a time sequence signal for driving the detector circuit so as to drive the array detector to collect spectrum signals in a segmented mode according to the time sequence requirement;
the data processing module acquires a spectrum signal of the array detector through the signal acquisition circuit and converts the spectrum signal into a digital signal;
the waveform splicing module is used for splicing the spectrum waveforms obtained by the sectional scanning, and finally, the final waveforms are displayed on the display interface through the data transmission module.
The invention discloses a broadband spectrum rapid scanning control method, which adopts the broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system as described above, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting parameters at a setting interface by a user, sending the parameters to a parameter analysis module, analyzing the parameters into a scanning instruction and a circuit control signal by the parameter analysis module, and transmitting the scanning instruction and the circuit control signal to a scanning execution module;
step 2, a scanning execution module executes a spectrum sectional scanning event and controls the sequence and flow of the movement of the grating motor and the acquisition of the array detector;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the position judging module calculates the initial position and the final position of the sectional scanning of the grating motor and judges the difference between the current position and the expected position, so that the motor control module drives the grating motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise to realize the rotation of the grating to different angles;
the detector time sequence generating module generates a time sequence signal for driving the detector driving circuit, so that the array detector is driven to collect spectrum signals in a segmented mode according to the time sequence requirement;
and 3, the signal acquisition circuit acquires the spectrum signals of the array detector and transmits the spectrum signals to the data processing module, the data processing module converts the spectrum signals into digital signals, the waveform splicing module splices the spectrum waveforms obtained by the sectional scanning, and finally the final waveforms are displayed on the interface through the data transmission module.
Specifically, the invention adopts a segmented automatic scanning method, sequentially rotates the grating to N fixed angles, and adopts an array detector to collect spectra in a segmented way. In step 2, lambda is set as shown in FIG. 2 start ～λ end The whole wave band is divided into N wave bands from the initial wavelength to the termination wavelength, and the position value S of the grating motor corresponding to each wave band i is respectively issued i I=1, 2, … and N, and rotating the grating to angles corresponding to the N wave bands, so that the imaging spectrum surface of the grating covers the photosensitive surface of the array detector at the N angles, the central wavelength of each wave band corresponds to the central pixel of the effective pixel of the array detector, and the starting wavelength and the ending wavelength of each wave band correspond to the 1 st pixel and the last 1 pixel of the effective pixel of the array detector respectively, thereby realizing the full-wave band coverage scanning and spectrum signal detection.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific flow of step 2 includes the following steps:
(1) Issuing a self-checking instruction, searching a zero position by the grating motor, and judging whether the self-checking is finished or not according to a feedback state;
(2) Determining the grating position corresponding to the center of the array detector of the segmented scanning according to the relation between the grating position corresponding to the initial wavelength and the termination wavelength and the interval between the two adjacent grating positions;
firstly, calculating and obtaining grating positions corresponding to an initial wavelength, a central wavelength and a termination wavelength according to a grating equation formula;
the formula of the grating equation:
λ＝K 0 *sinθ (1)
wherein lambda is the wavelength value, K 0 =2dcos ((α+β)/2), where d is the grating constant, is the reciprocal of the grating line, α is the angle of incidence, β is the angle of diffraction, and therefore, K 0 Is a constant determined by the spectral spectroscopic optical path structure;θ is the rotation angle of the grating, θ= (α - β)/2, and the relationship between the grating position S is as in formula (2):
θ＝(S-S origin )*δ (2)
wherein S is origin The position of the grating corresponding to the zero-order light (can be obtained by utilizing red light to enter from an incident slit, adjusting the grating angle to ensure that the zero-order light strikes near the center position of the surface of the detector so as to find the general position, and finely adjusting the grating position S to ensure that the waveform peak position falls at the M/2 pixel position, wherein S is S at the moment origin ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Delta is the angular resolution of the grating, and is related to the motor and the transmission mechanism, and can be calculated by the step angle gamma of the motor, the subdivision number x of the motor driver and the transmission ratio t of the transmission mechanism, as shown in formula (3):
the grating is driven by the grating motor and is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism, so that the grating position is actually the number of driving pulses of the motor. The grating can be driven to rotate to the corresponding position by corresponding driving pulse to the motor, and the grating position S can be obtained according to the above formula (1) and formula (2), such as formula (4):
when the initial wavelength lambda is set start Center wavelength lambda mid And a termination wavelength lambda end When the grating position corresponding to the initial wavelength, the central wavelength and the final wavelength can be deduced according to the formula (4), such as the formula (5), the formula (6) and the formula (7):
then, determining the grating position corresponding to the center of the segmented scanning array detector;
when the grating rotates to a fixed position (the fixed position herein refers to the position where the grating rotates to Si calculated below, i=1, 2, …, N, the grating is fixed at each Si position in turn), the imaging spectrum after light splitting will be spread over the whole array detector, so that each rotation is issued according to the grating position corresponding to the center of the detector. The calculation and judgment criteria of the grating position corresponding to the center of the segmented scanning array detector are as follows:
1) If S end -S start T is less than or equal to 1 section of scanning is needed to cover the starting wavelength and the ending wavelength, and 1 time of position value S is issued mid The position of the central wavelength is imaged on the central pixel of the array detector;
wherein, T is the grating position interval of two adjacent sections, which can be obtained by the following modes: finding out the characteristic peak of a light source, firstly moving the grating motor to T 1 The position is that the characteristic peak is imaged on the 1 st pixel, and then the grating motor is rotated to T 2 Position such that the characteristic peak imaging position moves to the last 1 pel, then t=t 2 -T 1 。
2) If S end -S start >T, the center wavelength lambda mid Corresponding grating position S mid As a scanning center, as shown in fig. 4:
(1) the grating position sequentially issued by the ith section of the front half part is S i ＝S mid iT, i=1, 2, …, N denotes dividing the entire band of wavelengths from the start wavelength to the end wavelength into N bands; when (S) i -T/2)≤S start Indicating that the starting wavelength has been covered;
(2) the grating position sequentially issued by the ith section of the second half part is S i ＝S mid +it, i=1, 2, …, N, when (S i +T/2)≥S end Indicating that the termination wavelength has been covered;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are satisfied, the whole set scanning range is covered; the total number of scan segments is n= (S end -S start ) and/T, rounding up.
(3) According to the grating position value obtained in the step (2), the grating motor sequentially emits light to the grating position, and sends a rotation instruction of the generator, and whether the grating motor rotates in place is monitored; this reduces the time spent on motor starting and increases the scan speed by a factor of T on average.
(4) Waiting for the grating motor to rotate in place, and collecting segmented spectrum data by the array detector;
(5) Each scan segment is displayed on a coordinate system, and as shown in fig. 5, the abscissa shows the actual scan wavelength, and the total number of points is increased from M to m×n, where M is the number of effective pixels of the array detector. The sampling resolution can be increased from λ/M to λ/(m×n), by a factor of N.
When the display is carried out in a segmented mode, the wavelength value corresponding to each pixel of each segment needs to be calculated;
the method for calculating the wavelength value corresponding to each pixel of each band is as follows:
the wavelength calculation schematic diagram of the j pixel of the i-th band is shown in fig. 6:
taking the central position of the effective pixels of the array detector, namely M/2 th pixels as a reference, wherein M is the number of the effective pixels of the array detector, and the imaging included angle between the j-th pixels and the central position is delta alpha:
wherein f is the focal length of the system, l is the distance from the jth pixel to the Mth/2 th pixel on the array detector, j=1, 2,3 …, M;
wherein p is the distance between adjacent pixels of the array detector;
when the grating rotates by an angle delta alpha, the corresponding grating position rotates by a step delta S, and the grating position interval from the jth pixel to the central position is as follows:
wherein δ is the angular resolution of the grating;
therefore, with M/2 pixels as a reference, calculating the wavelength values corresponding to the pixels to two sides respectively, and then the grating positions corresponding to the j-th pixel of the i-th segment are as follows:
wherein S is i The position of the grating motor issued for the ith section;
in combination with the formulas (1) (2),
λ＝K 0 *sinθ (9)
θ＝(S-S origin )*δ (10)
wherein lambda is the wavelength value, K 0 Is a constant determined by the spectrum light path structure, theta is the rotation angle of the grating, S origin The zero-order light corresponds to the grating position;
the wavelength value lambda corresponding to the j-th pixel of the i-th segment can be obtained ij Is represented by the following formula:
(6) Repeating the steps (2) - (5), collecting segmented spectrum data, and performing display splicing, so as to finally realize spectrum seamless splicing covering all wave bands.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The broadband spectrum rapid scanning control system is characterized by comprising a parameter analysis module, a scanning execution module, a position judgment module, a motor control module, a detector time sequence generation module, a data processing module, a waveform splicing module and a data transmission module;
the parameter analysis module is used for analyzing parameters set by a user on the setting interface into a scanning instruction and a circuit control signal and transmitting the scanning instruction and the circuit control signal to the scanning execution module;
the scanning execution module is used for executing spectrum segmentation scanning events and controlling the sequence and flow of the movement of the grating motor and the acquisition of the array detector;
the position judging module is used for calculating the initial position and the final position of the sectional scanning of the grating motor and judging the difference between the current position and the expected position, so that the motor control module drives the grating motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise;
the detector time sequence generation module is used for generating a time sequence signal for driving the detector circuit so as to drive the array detector to collect spectrum signals in a segmented mode according to the time sequence requirement;
the data processing module acquires a spectrum signal of the array detector through the signal acquisition circuit and converts the spectrum signal into a digital signal;
the waveform splicing module is used for splicing the spectrum waveforms obtained by the sectional scanning, and finally, the final waveform is displayed on the display interface through the data transmission module.
2. A broadband spectrum fast scan control method, employing a broadband spectrum fast scan control system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, setting parameters at a setting interface by a user, sending the parameters to a parameter analysis module, analyzing the parameters into a scanning instruction and a circuit control signal by the parameter analysis module, and transmitting the scanning instruction and the circuit control signal to a scanning execution module;
step 2, a scanning execution module executes a spectrum sectional scanning event and controls the sequence and flow of the movement of the grating motor and the acquisition of the array detector;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the position judging module calculates the initial position and the final position of the sectional scanning of the grating motor and judges the difference between the current position and the expected position, so that the motor control module drives the grating motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise to realize the rotation of the grating to different angles;
the detector time sequence generating module generates a time sequence signal for driving the detector driving circuit, so that the array detector is driven to collect spectrum signals in a segmented mode according to the time sequence requirement;
and 3, the signal acquisition circuit acquires the spectrum signals of the array detector and transmits the spectrum signals to the data processing module, the data processing module converts the spectrum signals into digital signals, the waveform splicing module splices the spectrum waveforms obtained by the sectional scanning, and finally the final waveforms are displayed on the interface through the data transmission module.
3. The method for rapidly scanning and controlling a broadband spectrum according to claim 2, wherein in step 2, the whole wave band is divided into N wave bands from the start wavelength to the end wavelength, and the position value S of the grating motor corresponding to each wave band i is respectively issued i I=1, 2, … and N, and rotating the grating to angles corresponding to the N wave bands, so that the imaging spectrum surface of the grating covers the photosensitive surface of the array detector at the N angles, the central wavelength of each wave band corresponds to the central pixel of the effective pixel of the array detector, and the starting wavelength and the ending wavelength of each wave band correspond to the 1 st pixel and the last 1 pixel of the effective pixel of the array detector respectively, thereby realizing the full-wave band coverage scanning and spectrum signal detection.
4. The method for rapidly scanning and controlling a broadband spectrum according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of step 2 comprises the steps of:
(1) Issuing a self-checking instruction, searching a zero position by the grating motor, and judging whether the self-checking is finished or not according to a feedback state;
(2) Determining the grating position corresponding to the center of the array detector of the segmented scanning according to the relation between the grating position corresponding to the initial wavelength and the termination wavelength and the interval between the two adjacent grating positions;
(3) According to the grating position value obtained in the step (2), the grating motor sequentially emits light to the grating position, and sends a rotation instruction of the generator, and whether the grating motor rotates in place is monitored;
(4) Waiting for the grating motor to rotate in place, and collecting segmented spectrum data by the array detector;
(5) Displaying a section on a coordinate system every scanning section, and calculating a wavelength value corresponding to each pixel of each section when the section is displayed;
(6) Repeating the steps (2) - (5), collecting segmented spectrum data, and performing display splicing, so as to finally realize spectrum seamless splicing covering all wave bands.
5. The method for rapidly scanning and controlling a broadband spectrum according to claim 4, wherein the specific method in the step (2) is as follows:
firstly, calculating and obtaining grating positions corresponding to an initial wavelength, a central wavelength and a termination wavelength according to a grating equation formula;
the formula of the grating equation is as formula (1):
λ＝K 0 *sinθ (1)
wherein lambda is the wavelength value, K 0 =2dcos ((α+β)/2), where d is the grating constant, is the reciprocal of the grating line, α is the angle of incidence, β is the angle of diffraction, and therefore, K 0 Is a constant determined by the spectral spectroscopic optical path structure; θ is the rotation angle of the grating, and the relationship between θ= (alpha-beta)/2 and the grating position S is shown as a formula(2)：
θ＝(S-S origin )*δ (2)
Wherein S is origin The zero-order light corresponds to the grating position; delta is the angular resolution of the grating, as in equation (3):
wherein, gamma is the step angle of the grating motor, x is the thin fraction of the motor driver, and t is the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism;
the grating is driven by a grating motor, so that the grating position is actually the number of driving pulses of the motor; the grating motor can be driven to rotate to the corresponding position by corresponding driving pulse, and the grating position S can be obtained according to the formula (1) and the formula (2), such as the formula (4):
when the initial wavelength lambda is set start Center wavelength lambda mid And a termination wavelength lambda end When the grating position corresponding to the initial wavelength, the central wavelength and the final wavelength can be deduced according to the formula (4), such as the formula (5), the formula (6) and the formula (7):
wherein S is start As the initial waveLong lambda start Corresponding grating position S mid At a central wavelength lambda mid Corresponding grating position S end To terminate wavelength lambda end The corresponding grating position;
then, determining the grating position corresponding to the center of the segmented scanning array detector; the calculation and judgment criteria of the grating position corresponding to the center of the segmented scanning array detector are as follows:
1) If S end -S start T is less than or equal to 1 section of scanning is needed to cover the starting wavelength and the ending wavelength, and 1 time of position value S is issued mid The position of the central wavelength is imaged on the central pixel of the array detector; wherein T is the grating position interval of two adjacent sections;
2) If S end -S start >T, the center wavelength lambda mid Corresponding grating position S mid As a scanning center:
(1) the grating position sequentially issued by the ith section of the front half part is S i ＝S mid iT, i=1, 2, …, N denotes dividing the entire band of wavelengths from the start wavelength to the end wavelength into N bands; when (S) i -T/2)≤S start Indicating that the starting wavelength has been covered;
(2) the grating position sequentially issued by the ith section of the second half part is S i ＝S mid +it, i=1, 2, …, N, when (S i +T/2)≥S end Indicating that the termination wavelength has been covered;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are satisfied, the whole set scanning range is covered; the total number of scan segments is n= (S end -S start ) and/T, rounding up.
6. The method for rapid scan control of broadband spectrum according to claim 5, wherein zero order light corresponds to the grating position S origin Obtained by: the red light is utilized to enter from the incident slit, and the grating angle is adjusted, so that zero-order light is driven to the vicinity of the central position of the surface of the array detector, and the general position is found; fine-adjusting the grating position S to make the waveform peak position fall at the M/2 th pixel position, M being an arrayThe number of effective pixels of the column detector is S origin 。
7. The method for rapidly scanning and controlling a broadband spectrum according to claim 5, wherein the grating position interval T between two adjacent segments is obtained by: finding out the characteristic peak of a light source, firstly moving the grating motor to T 1 The position is that the characteristic peak is imaged on the 1 st pixel, and then the grating motor is rotated to T 2 Position such that the characteristic peak imaging position moves to the last 1 pel, then t=t 2 -T 1 。
8. The method for fast scan control of broadband spectrum according to claim 4, wherein in step (5), the method for calculating the wavelength value corresponding to each pixel of each band is as follows:
the wavelength of the j-th pixel of the i-th band is calculated as follows:
taking the central position of the effective pixels of the array detector, namely M/2 th pixels as a reference, wherein M is the number of the effective pixels of the array detector, and the imaging included angle between the j-th pixels and the central position is delta alpha:
wherein f is the focal length of the system, l is the distance from the jth pixel to the Mth/2 th pixel on the array detector, j=1, 2,3 …, M;
wherein p is the distance between adjacent pixels of the array detector;
when the grating rotates by an angle delta alpha, the corresponding grating position rotates by a step delta S, and the grating position interval from the jth pixel to the central position is as follows:
wherein δ is the angular resolution of the grating;
therefore, with M/2 pixels as a reference, calculating the wavelength values corresponding to the pixels to two sides respectively, and then the grating positions corresponding to the j-th pixel of the i-th segment are as follows:
wherein S is i The position of the grating motor issued for the ith section;
combining the formulas (1) and (2) to obtain a wavelength value lambda corresponding to the j-th pixel of the i-th segment ij Represented by formula (12):
λ＝K 0 *sinθ (1)
θ＝(S-S origin )*δ (2)
wherein lambda is the wavelength value, K 0 Is a constant determined by the spectrum light path structure, theta is the rotation angle of the grating, S origin The zero-order light corresponds to the grating position;
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