CN117288239A

CN117288239A - Sensing optical cable

Info

Publication number: CN117288239A
Application number: CN202311222536.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵静; 缪小明; 徐建秋; 缪威玮; 钱慧慧; 谭枫; 李强
Original assignee: Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-20
Filing date: 2023-09-20
Publication date: 2023-12-26

Abstract

The invention provides a sensing optical cable. The sensing optical cable includes: a communication subunit; a temperature monitoring subunit; an acoustic wave monitoring subunit; a vibration monitoring subunit; and the stress-strain monitoring subunit and the vibration monitoring subunit are arranged in the communication subunit, the vibration monitoring subunit is arranged on the periphery of the stress-strain monitoring subunit in a strippable manner, the communication subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit, the sound wave monitoring subunit, the stress-strain monitoring subunit and the vibration monitoring subunit are integrated into a whole structure, and a part of any adjacent two of the communication subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit and the sound wave monitoring subunit is connected in a strippable manner. According to the sensing optical cable of the technical scheme, the corresponding monitoring units can be arranged at the monitoring positions convenient to monitor according to different monitoring requirements, and the monitoring accuracy is higher.

Description

Sensing optical cable

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sensing, in particular to a sensing optical cable.

Background

Currently, optical fibers are no longer limited to communication medium functions, and their sensing functions provide new directions for the rise of optical fiber infrastructure. Compared with the traditional sensing technology, the optical fiber sensing technology has great advantages, and has the characteristics of long distance, distribution, high sensitivity and high positioning precision. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology utilizes a sensing optical cable as a carrier to detect information of each point on the optical fiber, and the sensing optical cable can be divided into a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing optical cable, a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing optical cable, a distributed optical fiber sound wave sensing optical cable, a distributed optical fiber strain sensing optical cable and the like according to different engineering application scenes and the optical fiber sensing technology. The method is widely applied to detection and security protection in the fields of power cables, petroleum pipelines, tunnel foundations, building bridges, structural health, geotechnical engineering, dam hydrology, marine exploration and the like.

In recent years, under the market promotion of smart cities, internet of things, intelligent mobile terminals, intelligent manufacturing, smart grids, petroleum and petrochemical industry, new energy sources and the like, the requirements of customers on the sensing optical cable are not limited to a single function, but multi-scene and multi-functional applications are required to be met, such as sensing vibration and acoustic signals, and measuring stress-strain and temperature.

As disclosed in chinese patent document CN217468064U, a power cable for an electrified railway includes an optical fiber temperature sensor, an optical fiber temperature vibration sensor and an outer sheath sequentially disposed from inside to outside, and has functions of conductor temperature monitoring, cable vibration monitoring and cable outer layer temperature monitoring, but the optical fiber temperature sensor and the optical fiber temperature vibration sensor are coated and disposed in the same outer sheath. When carrying out temperature and vibration monitoring simultaneously to cable line, optic fibre temperature sensor and optic fibre temperature vibration sensor are laid in unison in same monitoring position, can't set up the position of being convenient for the monitoring respectively, and the accuracy of monitoring is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a sensing optical cable which can be used for arranging corresponding monitoring units at monitoring positions convenient to monitor according to different monitoring requirements, and has higher monitoring accuracy.

To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sensing optical cable comprising: a communication subunit; a temperature monitoring subunit; an acoustic wave monitoring subunit; a vibration monitoring subunit; the stress-strain monitoring subunit and the vibration monitoring subunit are both arranged in the communication subunit, the vibration monitoring subunit is arranged at the periphery of the stress-strain monitoring subunit in a strippable manner, the vibration monitoring subunit comprises an arc-shaped vibration body, the arc-shaped vibration body bends towards the center of the communication subunit, the arc-shaped vibration body is provided with an arc-shaped vibration cavity, a vibration membrane is arranged in the arc-shaped vibration cavity and is configured to divide the arc-shaped vibration cavity into a first sub-vibration cavity and a second sub-vibration cavity, and at least one first optical unit is embedded in the vibration membrane; the communication subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit, the stress-strain monitoring subunit and the vibration monitoring subunit are integrated into a unitary structure, and a portion of any adjacent two of the communication subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit and the acoustic wave monitoring subunit are peelably connected.

Further, the range of the bending radian of the arc-shaped vibration body is pi/2-5/6 pi.

Further, a corrugated structure is provided on the diaphragm.

Further, the thickness of the diaphragm is in the range of 0.4mm to 0.8mm.

Further, the vibration monitoring subunit further comprises a reinforcing member, and at least one end of the arc-shaped vibration body is provided with the reinforcing member in a penetrating manner.

Further, the sound wave monitoring subunit comprises a sleeve and a second optical unit, the second optical unit is spirally arranged in the sleeve along the inner wall of the sleeve, a plurality of through holes are formed in the sleeve, and the through holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve.

Further, the through holes are staggered along the axial direction of the sleeve, the value range of the included angle between the central connecting line of two adjacent through holes and the central axis of the sleeve is 40-45 degrees, and the value range of the diameter of the through hole is 0.2-0.5 mm; and/or the periphery of the sleeve is coated with an outer sheath.

Further, the communication subunit comprises a plurality of third light units and an outer protection structure which is coated on the peripheries of the plurality of third light units, the plurality of third light units are circumferentially distributed and enclose an accommodating space, and the stress strain monitoring subunit is arranged in the accommodating space or the outer protection structure.

Further, the outer protection structure comprises a third protection layer, the vibration monitoring subunit is arranged in the third protection layer, the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the first sub-vibration cavity and the second sub-vibration cavity to the volume of the arc-shaped vibration body is a, and the value range of a is more than or equal to 1/3 and less than or equal to 1/2; and/or the thickness of the vibration monitoring subunit is H1, the thickness of the third protective layer is H2, and the two satisfy the relation: h1 And is more than or equal to 1/2H2.

Further, the sensing optical cable further comprises an anti-sticking layer, the anti-sticking layer is arranged in the third protection layer, the anti-sticking layer is arranged between the stress strain monitoring subunit and the vibration monitoring subunit, at least one end of the anti-sticking layer is provided with a first tearing rope, the first tearing rope protrudes out of the end face of the arc-shaped vibration body, a first tearing opening is formed in the third protection layer, and the first tearing opening and the first tearing rope are correspondingly arranged.

Further, at least two of the temperature monitoring subunit, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit and the communication subunit are arranged along a straight line; and/or the stress-strain monitoring subunit is positioned at the center of the communication subunit, and the sound wave monitoring subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit and the communication subunit are arranged in a straight line.

Further, the number of the temperature monitoring subunits and the sound wave monitoring subunits is multiple, the multiple temperature monitoring subunits and the multiple sound wave monitoring subunits are distributed along the circumference of the communication subunits, the temperature monitoring subunits and the communication subunits are partially and detachably connected, and the sound wave monitoring subunits and the communication subunits are partially and detachably connected.

Further, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit further comprises a fourth optical unit and a first sensitization layer, the fourth optical unit is arranged in the first sensitization layer, and the first sensitization layer is an elastomer.

Further, the sound wave monitoring subunit further comprises a fifth light unit, a groove is formed in the outer wall surface of the first sensitization layer, the groove is formed by inwards sinking from the outer surface of the first sensitization layer, and the fifth light unit is arranged in the groove.

Further, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit further comprises at least one enhancement element, the number of the grooves and the number of the fourth light units are two, the two grooves are oppositely arranged, a fifth light unit is embedded in each groove, the two fourth light units are arranged in the first sensitization layer, the first sensitization layer comprises two arc-shaped protruding portions, the arc-shaped protruding portions and the grooves are alternately arranged, and the enhancement element is embedded in at least one arc-shaped protruding portion

Further, the sensing optical cable further comprises a connecting structure, at least part of any two of the communication subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit and the sound wave monitoring subunit are connected in a strippable manner through the connecting structure, a second tearing rope is arranged in the connecting structure, at least one side of the connecting structure is provided with a second tearing opening, and the second tearing opening and the second tearing rope are correspondingly arranged.

Further, the maximum distance between the two side walls of the second tearing opening is L, the value range of L is more than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 0.8mm, the depth of the second tearing opening is H1, the value range of H1 is more than or equal to 0.3mm and less than or equal to 0.8mm, the height of the connecting structure is H2, the value range of H2 is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 3.0mm, the width of the connecting structure is W, and the value range of W is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 3.0mm.

Further, the stress-strain monitoring subunit includes a sixth light unit and a second sensitization layer, the sixth light unit being disposed within the second sensitization layer; and/or the stress-strain monitoring subunit further comprises a first metal armor layer, wherein the first metal armor layer is coated on the periphery of the second sensitization layer.

Further, the temperature monitoring subunit comprises a seventh light unit, a non-metal braiding layer, a metal braiding layer and a first protecting layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the first protecting layer is formed by adopting ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer extrusion molding.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the sensing optical cable comprises a communication subunit, a temperature monitoring subunit and a vibration monitoring subunit, and a part of any adjacent two of the communication subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit and the vibration monitoring subunit are connected in a strippable manner. In the practical application process, communication subunit, temperature monitoring subunit and vibration monitoring subunit's one end links together all the time, and the other end of sensing optical cable can be peeled off the optical cable that has corresponding monitoring function according to different monitoring demands and lay the monitoring position of being convenient for monitor after predetermineeing the length, and the perception is more sensitive, and the accuracy of monitoring is also higher to the sensing optical cable of this application has still integrated temperature monitoring and vibration sound wave monitoring function on having communication function's basis, and the suitability is higher.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a sensing optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a connection structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a sensing optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a sensing optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensing fiber optic cable applied to an oil and gas pipeline in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a sensing optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a vibration monitoring subunit of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic wave monitoring subunit of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic wave monitoring subunit of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an acoustic wave monitoring subunit of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural view of a sensing optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural view of a sensing optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 13 shows a schematic structural view of a sensing optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a communication subunit; 11. a third light unit; 12. an outer protective structure; 121. a second metal armor layer; 122. a second protective layer; 123. a third metal armor layer; 124. a third protective layer; 125. a first tear opening; 20. a temperature monitoring subunit; 21. a seventh light unit; 22. a non-metallic braid; 23. a metal braid; 24. a first protective layer; 30. an acoustic wave monitoring subunit; 31. a fifth light unit; 32. a fourth light unit; 33. a first sensitization layer; 331. a groove; 332. an arc-shaped protruding portion; 34. a reinforcing element; 35. a coating layer; 36. a fourth passivation layer; 37. a sleeve; 371. an outer sheath; 38. a second light unit; 39. a through hole; 40. a stress-strain monitoring subunit; 41. a sixth light unit; 42. a second sensitization layer; 43. a first metal armor layer; 50. a connection structure; 51. a first arcuate connector; 52. a second arcuate connector; 60. a second tear line; 70. a second tear opening; 80. an oil and gas transportation pipeline; 90. a vibration monitoring subunit; 91. an arc-shaped vibration body; 92. an arc-shaped vibration cavity; 921. a first sub-vibration chamber; 922. a second sub-vibration chamber; 93. a vibrating membrane; 94. a first light unit; 95. a reinforcing member; 100. an anti-sticking layer; 101. a first tear line.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

Referring now to fig. 1 to 13 in combination, the present invention provides a sensing optical cable comprising: a communication subunit 10; a temperature monitoring subunit 20; an acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30; a vibration monitoring subunit 90; and a stress-strain monitoring subunit 40, the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 and the vibration monitoring subunit 90 being disposed within the communication subunit 10, the vibration monitoring subunit 90 being peelably disposed at an outer periphery of the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40, the vibration monitoring subunit 90 including an arc-shaped vibration body 91, the arc-shaped vibration body 91 being curved toward a center of the communication subunit 10, the arc-shaped vibration body 91 having an arc-shaped vibration cavity 92, a vibration membrane 93 being disposed within the arc-shaped vibration cavity 92, the vibration membrane 93 being configured to divide the arc-shaped vibration cavity 92 into a first sub-vibration cavity 921 and a second sub-vibration cavity 922, the vibration membrane 93 being embedded with at least one first optical unit 94; the communication sub-unit 10, the temperature monitoring sub-unit 20, the acoustic wave monitoring sub-unit 30, the stress strain monitoring sub-unit 40, and the vibration monitoring sub-unit 90 are integrated into one unitary structure, and a portion between any adjacent two of the communication sub-unit 10, the temperature monitoring sub-unit 20, and the acoustic wave monitoring sub-unit 30 is peelably connected.

In this embodiment, the sensing optical cable is composed of a communication subunit 10, a temperature monitoring subunit 20, an acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30, a vibration monitoring subunit and a stress-strain monitoring subunit 40, wherein the communication subunit 10 is used for transmitting signals and data, the temperature monitoring subunit 20 is used for monitoring the external environment temperature, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 is used for monitoring acoustic waves, the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is arranged in the center of the communication subunit 10 and used for monitoring the external stress strain, and the vibration monitoring subunit 90 is arranged in the communication subunit 10 and used for monitoring the external vibration. Wherein, arc vibration body 91 is crooked towards the center of communication subunit 10, and curved arc vibration body 91 makes things convenient for it to lay in communication subunit 10 to curved arc body has great surface area, is provided with vibrating diaphragm 93 in the arc vibration chamber 92, and vibrating diaphragm 93 thickness is thinner, more sensitive to the perception of vibration, thereby when vibrating diaphragm 93 takes place vibration deformation, can form the vibration wave and transmit first light unit 94, thereby makes first light unit 94 can monitor vibration deformation, realizes the monitoring to the vibration.

The vibration monitoring subunit 90 is disposed on the periphery of the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 in a peelable manner, and a part of any two adjacent communication subunit 10, temperature monitoring subunit 20 and acoustic monitoring subunit 30 are connected in a peelable manner, i.e. the same sensing optical cable can meet the laying requirements of different positions. In the in-service use, communication subunit 10, temperature monitoring subunit 20, vibration monitoring subunit 90 and the one end of sound wave monitoring subunit 30 link together all the time, the other end of sensing optical cable can be peeled off the optical cable that has corresponding monitoring function according to different monitoring demands and lay the monitoring position of being convenient for monitor after predetermineeing the length, and the perception is more sensitive, and the accuracy of monitoring is also higher, and the sensing optical cable of this application has still integrated temperature monitoring, stress strain monitoring, vibration monitoring and sound wave monitoring function on the basis that has communication function, and the suitability is higher.

In one embodiment, the number of the first light units 94 is plural, and the plural first light units 94 are embedded in the vibration film 93 and are arranged at uniform intervals.

In one embodiment, the arcuate vibrating body 91 is extrusion molded from a polyolefin material.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the diaphragm 93 ranges from 0.4mm to 0.8mm, the diaphragm 93 is made of high polymer plastic, such as one or more of PP (high polymer polypropylene), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PPs (polyphenylene sulfide), and LCP plastic, and the diameter of the first light unit 94 ranges from 0.2mm to 0.6mm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the range of the curvature of the curved vibrating body 91 is pi/2 to 5/6 pi.

By the above arrangement, the arc-shaped vibration body 91 can have a sufficiently large surface area to sense the vibration signal, and the sensing sensitivity of the vibration monitoring subunit 90 to vibration can be improved.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the diaphragm 93 is provided with a bellows structure.

In this embodiment, the vibrating membrane 93 is provided with a fold structure, which can increase the rigidity of the vibrating membrane 93 during vibration, and also increase the effective radiation area of the vibrating membrane 93, thereby being more beneficial to the transmission of vibration signals.

In one embodiment, the pleated structure is a pattern, such as a water wave, a solar wave, or the like.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the diaphragm 93 is in the range of 0.4mm to 0.8mm.

Through the above arrangement, the structural strength of the diaphragm 93 can be ensured, and the perceived sensitivity of the diaphragm 93 to vibration can also be ensured.

Referring to fig. 1 and 7 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the vibration monitoring subunit 90 further includes a stiffener 95, and at least one end of the arcuate vibration body 91 is provided with the stiffener 95.

With the above arrangement, the tensile strength and rigidity of the vibration monitoring subunit 90 can be improved.

In one embodiment, the stiffener 95 is one of a stainless steel wire, a fiber reinforced plastic round bar, and a steel strand.

Referring to fig. 1 and 8 to 10 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 includes a sleeve 37 and a second optical unit 38, the second optical unit 38 is spirally disposed in the sleeve 37 along an inner wall of the sleeve 37, and a plurality of through holes 39 are disposed on the sleeve 37, and the plurality of through holes 39 are arranged at intervals along an axial direction of the sleeve 37.

In this embodiment, the second light units 38 are spirally disposed in the sleeve 37 along the inner wall of the sleeve 37 at a certain pitch, that is, the second light units 38 are disposed in close contact with the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the contact area between the second light units 38 and the inner wall of the sleeve 37 can be increased, and the sensing effect of the second light units 38 on the acoustic wave signals can be improved. A plurality of through holes 39 in the sleeve 37 facilitate the transmission of acoustic signals to the second light unit 38.

In one embodiment, the number of through holes 39 is less than or equal to four on the same radial plane of the sleeve 37 to ensure the structural strength of the sleeve 37.

In one embodiment, the second light units 38 are formed by tightly winding a polytetrafluoroethylene film tape along the axial direction of the optical fiber, the polytetrafluoroethylene film tape has the characteristics of temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, the optical fiber can be better protected, the diameter of the second light units 38 is 0.35 mm-0.65 mm, and the number of the second light units 38 is 2 cores.

In one embodiment, the number of the second light units 38 is two, the two second light units 38 are mutually staggered and wound in a cross shape, and are spirally arranged in the sleeve 37, and when the sleeve is arranged, the maximum curvature radius of the bending radian of the second light units 38 is not less than 3.5mm, and the spiral angle is not less than 45 °.

In the present embodiment, the number of the second light units 38 is two, and when one of the light units is broken, the other light unit can be used as a standby light; the cross staggered winding can ensure that the two second light units 38 are mutually fixed and do not deform obviously, so that the two second light units are attached to the inner wall of the sleeve 37 as much as possible; the spiral angle is not smaller than 45 degrees, so as to increase the length of the second optical unit 38 in the length of the unit sleeve 37 as much as possible, and the longer the length of the second optical unit 38 is, the larger the signal acquisition density as a sensing unit is, and the better the sound sensitivity is; in addition, the second optical unit 38 will bend during winding, and there will be a certain bending loss, and the maximum radius of curvature is not less than 3.5mm, so that the bending loss of the second optical unit 38 will not be too large, and further the signal transmission performance of the second optical unit 38 is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 8 to fig. 10 in combination, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of through holes 39 are staggered along an axial direction of a sleeve 37, an included angle between a central connecting line of two adjacent through holes 39 and a central axis of the sleeve 37 ranges from 40 ° to 45 °, and a diameter of the through hole 39 ranges from 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

Through the arrangement, reasonable arrangement of the plurality of through holes 39 on the sleeve 37 can be ensured, and meanwhile, the arrangement of the plurality of through holes 39 is beneficial to transmitting sound wave signals to the second optical unit 38, so that the sensing effect of the second optical unit 38 on the sound wave signals is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 8 to 10 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the outer circumference of the sleeve 37 is covered with an outer sheath 371.

In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the sleeve 37 is further covered with an outer sheath 371, which can protect the sleeve 37 and the second optical unit 38, and can improve the tensile and lateral pressure resistance of the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30.

In one embodiment, the outer sheath 371 is made of PP (high polymer polypropylene).

In one embodiment, sleeve 37 is formed of 825 alloy (nickel-iron-chromium alloy) and has superior temperature and corrosion resistance compared to conventional stainless steel materials, and reduces corrosion of second light unit 38 by crude oil or gas leakage as oil and gas pipelines are laid.

In one embodiment, the diameter of the sleeve 37 is in the range of 1.8mm to 2.5mm and the thickness is in the range of 0.1mm to 0.2mm.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the communication subunit 10 includes a plurality of third light units 11 and an outer protection structure 12 that wraps around the peripheries of the plurality of third light units 11, where the plurality of third light units 11 are circumferentially arranged and enclose an accommodating space, and the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is disposed in the accommodating space or in the outer protection structure 12. The stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 comprises a sixth light unit 41 and a second sensitization layer 42, the sixth light unit 41 being arranged within the second sensitization layer 42.

In the present embodiment, the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is disposed in the accommodating space or the outer protecting structure 12 formed by circumferentially arranging the plurality of third optical units 11, and can be used as a bearing element of the communication subunit 10, so as to improve the compression resistance of the communication unit. When the communication subunit 10 is subjected to external force (such as stretching or compressing), the second sensitization layer 42 will generate strain, and the sixth optical unit 41 will also be stretched or compressed correspondingly, at this time, a part of the optical signal transmitted by the sixth optical unit 41 will be lost, so as to react to the change of the power of the transmitted optical signal on the monitoring instrument, and realize the monitoring of the external stress strain.

The third light unit 11 includes an optical fiber and a second coating layer, the second coating layer is extruded into a cylinder by adopting polyester plastic, the interior of the second coating layer is hollow and communicated, the optical fiber is positioned in the second coating layer, and the second coating layer has a larger degree of freedom, so that the optical fiber is ensured to be in a free arrangement state and is not easily influenced by the outside, namely, the optical fiber is insensitive to signals such as external force, strain, temperature, vibration and the like, and excellent transmission performance can be maintained. The sixth light unit 41 is tightly embedded in the second sensitization layer 42 along the axial direction and is positioned at the center of the second sensitization layer 42, the length of the sixth light unit 41 is consistent with the length of the second sensitization layer 42, namely, the sixth light unit 41 keeps a state of zero excess length in the second sensitization layer 42, the diameter of the sixth light unit 41 is 0.25 mm-0.90 mm, the sixth light unit 41 comprises an optical fiber, and the surface of the optical fiber is coated with a polyamide elastomer layer, so that the sixth light unit 41 has certain mechanical strength.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the outer protection structure 12 includes a third protection layer 124, the vibration monitoring subunit 90 is disposed in the third protection layer 124, the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the first sub-vibration cavity 921 and the second sub-vibration cavity 922 to the volume of the arc-shaped vibration body 91 is a, and the value of a is 1/3.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1/2.

Through the above arrangement, the structural strength of the arc-shaped vibrating body 91 can be ensured, and the installation space of the vibrating membrane 93 and the second light unit 38 can also be ensured.

In one embodiment, the vibration monitoring subunit 90 has a thickness H1 and the third protective layer 124 has a thickness H2, both satisfying the relationship: h1 And is more than or equal to 1/2H2.

With the above arrangement, the sensitivity of the vibration monitoring subunit 90 to vibration perception can be ensured.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the sensing optical cable further includes an anti-adhesive layer 100, the anti-adhesive layer 100 is installed in the third protective layer 124, the anti-adhesive layer 100 is located between the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 and the vibration monitoring subunit 90, at least one end of the anti-adhesive layer 100 is provided with a first tearing rope 101, the first tearing rope 101 protrudes from an end surface of the arc-shaped vibration body 91, a first tearing opening 125 is provided on the third protective layer 124, and the first tearing opening 125 is provided corresponding to the first tearing rope 101.

In this embodiment, the anti-adhesion layer 100 is of an arc structure curved towards the center of the communication subunit 10, the arc length of the anti-adhesion layer 100 is greater than that of the arc vibration body 91, at least one end of the anti-adhesion layer 100 is provided with a first tearing rope 101, the first tearing opening 125 is arranged corresponding to the first tearing rope 101, the position of the first tearing rope 101 can be identified through the first tearing opening 125, and the vibration monitoring subunit 90 and a part of the third protective layer 124 coated on the outer periphery of the vibration monitoring subunit can be peeled off from the communication subunit 10 by longitudinally peeling the first tearing rope 101.

In one embodiment, the release layer 100 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene film and has a thickness ranging from 0.05mm to 0.2mm. It has the functions of temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and has a smooth surface, and can not adhere to the third protection layer 124.

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least two of the temperature monitoring subunit 20, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 and the communication subunit 10 are arranged in a straight line.

In this embodiment, the temperature monitoring subunit 20, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30, and the communication subunit 10 may be arranged along a straight line, or any two of them may be arranged along a straight line, so as to adapt to more application scenarios and improve the applicability of the sensing optical cable.

Referring to fig. 11 to 13, in an embodiment of the present invention, the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is located at the center of the communication subunit 10, and the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30, the temperature monitoring subunit 20, and the communication subunit 10 are arranged in a straight line. The monitoring subunits of the sensing optical cable are arranged in a straight line, so that the environmental change of the oil gas pipeline at different underground depth positions can be sensed, the monitoring subunits are separated in the laying process of the sensing optical cable, the monitoring subunits are installed and laid according to different buried depths, and meanwhile, the stress torsion of the monitoring subunits in the production of the sensing optical cable is reduced due to the straight line arrangement, and the winding and unwinding are convenient.

As shown in fig. 11, in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of vibration monitoring subunits 90 is 1, and the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is located at the center of the communication subunit 10, where the temperature monitoring subunit 20, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30, the vibration monitoring subunit 90, and the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 are located on the central axis of the sensing optical cable.

As shown in fig. 12, in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of vibration monitoring subunits 90 is 2, and two vibration monitoring subunits 90 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis of the sensing optical cable.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 13, the number of vibration monitoring subunits 90 is 3, one of which is located on the central axis of the sensing optical cable, and the other two of which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis of the sensing optical cable.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the temperature monitoring subunits 20 and the acoustic wave monitoring subunits 30 is plural, the plural temperature monitoring subunits 20 and the plural acoustic wave monitoring subunits 30 are arranged along the circumference of the communication subunit 10, the temperature monitoring subunits 20 and the communication subunit 10 are partially and peelably connected, and the acoustic wave monitoring subunits 30 and the communication subunit 10 are partially and peelably connected.

In this embodiment, the number of the temperature monitoring subunits 20 and the sound wave monitoring subunits 30 is plural, and the specific number and the arrangement form between the temperature monitoring subunits 20 and the sound wave monitoring subunits 30 can be set according to the actual application scenario so as to meet different monitoring requirements.

In an embodiment not shown in the drawings, the number of the temperature monitoring subunits 20 is one, the number of the acoustic wave monitoring subunits 30 and the communication subunits 10 is plural, and the plurality of acoustic wave monitoring subunits 30 and the plurality of communication subunits 10 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the temperature monitoring subunits 20. Or the number of the acoustic wave monitoring subunits 30 is one, the number of the temperature monitoring subunits 20 and the communication subunits 10 is plural, and the plurality of the temperature monitoring subunits 20 and the plurality of the communication subunits 10 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the acoustic wave monitoring subunits 30.

As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 includes a fourth light unit 32 and a first sensitization layer 33, the fourth light unit 32 is disposed within the first sensitization layer 33, and the first sensitization layer 33 is an elastomer. The acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 further includes a fifth light unit 31, a groove 331 is disposed on an outer wall surface of the first sensitization layer 33, the groove 331 is formed by recessing inward from an outer surface of the first sensitization layer 33, and the fifth light unit 31 is disposed in the groove 331.

Specifically, the specific structure of the first sensitization layer 33 is a cylindrical structure, and the surface thereof is provided with a groove 331.

In this embodiment, the fourth light unit 32 is disposed in the first sensitization layer 33, and since the first sensitization layer 33 is an elastomer, and the cross-sectional area of the first sensitization layer 33 occupies more than 60% of the cross-sectional area of the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30, the rigidity of the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 can be greatly reduced, and the fourth light unit 32 disposed in the first sensitization layer 33 is easier to deform under stress when the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 is subjected to longitudinal pressure or is bent, thereby sensing an external vibration signal, and is easier to generate micro deformation under the excitation of external vibration and acoustic wave, and in addition, the groove 331 is recessed inward from the outer surface of the first sensitization layer 33 and forms an acoustic wave resonance cavity, so that the fifth light unit 31 is easier to sense an acoustic wave signal. Through the arrangement, the perception sensitivity of the sensing optical cable can be improved.

Specifically, the first sensitization layer 33 is located at the center of the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30, and is formed by extrusion molding of polyether polyurethane elastomer material, and the hardness is 65 HA-95 HA. The diameter of the fifth light unit 31 is 0.25 mm-1.88 mm, the fifth light unit 31 comprises an optical fiber, and the surface of the optical fiber is coated with a polyamide elastomer layer, so that the wear resistance and the mechanical strength of the optical fiber are ensured. The fourth light units 32 are arranged in the first sensitization layer 33, the number of the fourth light units 32 is at least two, the fourth light units 32 are arranged along a straight line, the diameter of each fourth light unit 32 is 0.20-0.25 mm, each fourth light unit 32 comprises an optical fiber, the surface of each optical fiber is coated with a layer of silicone resin with the thickness of 0.10-0.20 mm, and the fourth light units 32 can be tightly combined with the first sensitization layer 33 and are convenient for subsequent stripping connection.

As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment, the outer circumference of the first sensitization layer 33 is further coated with a first coating layer 35 and a fourth protection layer 36 sequentially from inside to outside, the first coating layer 35 is tightly coated on the outer circumference of the first sensitization layer 33, and the fifth light unit 31 is enclosed in the groove 331. The first coating layer 35 is a flat belt formed by compounding a polyamide film and a polyethylene terephthalate fiber nonwoven fabric, wherein the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate fiber nonwoven fabric is distributed with high-hydroscopicity resin powder so as to ensure the water blocking performance of the first coating layer 35; the fourth protective layer 36 is formed by extrusion molding of a high molecular polyolefin plastic and is in close contact with the first coating layer 35.

As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 further includes at least one reinforcing element 34, two grooves 331 and four light units 32 are respectively provided, two grooves 331 are disposed opposite to each other, each groove 331 is embedded with a fifth light unit 31, two fourth light units 32 are disposed in the first sensitization layer 33, the first sensitization layer 33 includes two arc-shaped protruding portions 332, the arc-shaped protruding portions 332 and the grooves 331 are alternately arranged, and at least one arc-shaped protruding portion 332 is embedded with the reinforcing element 34.

In the present embodiment, the groove 331 is a U-shaped groove, and the diameter of the fifth light unit 31 is slightly smaller than the minimum width and the maximum depth of the U-shaped groove, so that exactly 1 fifth light unit 31 can be accommodated in the U-shaped groove. The arc-shaped protruding portions 332 are adjacent to the grooves 331 and are alternately arranged, the two fifth light units 31 are respectively arranged in the two grooves 331, the two fourth light units 32 are arranged in the middle of the first sensitization layer 33, and the enhancement elements 34 are arranged in the arc-shaped protruding portions 332 and are positioned in the middle of the arc-shaped protruding portions 332, so that the position distribution of the fifth light units 31, the fourth light units 32 and the enhancement elements 34 is more reasonable.

In one embodiment, the reinforcing element 34 is one of stainless steel wire, fiber reinforced plastic round bar, steel strand, and has a diameter of 0.40mm to 1.2mm. The reinforcing element 34 is used to enhance the tensile strength of the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30.

In one embodiment, two fourth light units 32 are disposed in the first sensitization layer 33, two fifth light units 31 are disposed in two grooves 331, two fourth light units 32 and two fifth light units 31 are arranged on the same line along a first radial direction of the first sensitization layer 33, two enhancement elements 34 are arranged along a second radial direction of the first sensitization layer 33, the first radial direction and the second radial direction form an included angle, and two fourth light units 32, two fifth light units 31 and two enhancement elements 34 form a cross arrangement. Thus, when the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 is connected to the monitoring device, the peeling can be started from the position where the groove 331 is located, and the fourth optical unit 32 and the fifth optical unit 31 are arranged on the same straight line, so that the peeling can be started from the position where the groove 331 is located, and the fourth optical unit 32 and the fifth optical unit 31 can be easily peeled out to be connected to the monitoring device.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the outer protective structure 12 includes a second metal armor layer 121, a second protective layer 122, a third metal armor layer 123, and a third protective layer 124 sequentially disposed from the inside to the outside.

In this embodiment, the second metal armor layer 121 may be an aluminum tape armor layer, and is wrapped around the outer periphery of the third light unit 11, so that all the third light units 11 are inside the aluminum tape armor layer, and gaps between the aluminum tape armor layer and the third light units 11 are filled with water blocking materials, thereby ensuring the longitudinal water blocking performance. The second protective layer 122 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the aluminum tape armor layer and is made of polyolefin plastic. The third metal armor 123 may be a steel tape armor, and the steel tape armor and the third protective layer 124 are sequentially coated on the outer circumference of the second protective layer 122, wherein a stainless steel wire with an outer diameter of 0.6 mm-1.2 mm is located between the steel tape armor and the third protective layer 124, and is longitudinally wound along the steel tape armor in a spiral form to fix the steel tape armor. The third sheath 124 is formed by extrusion of polyamide plastic. Through the above arrangement, the tensile and lateral pressure resistance of the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 can be ensured, and meanwhile, the steel tape armor layer also has the function of preventing animals from biting, and is applicable to the areas with mice.

In one embodiment, the second sensitization layer 42 may be a non-metal circular rod material formed by compounding non-metal fiber wires and epoxy resin, and the second sensitization layer 42 may also be a stainless steel tube.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the sensing optical cable further includes a connection structure 50, at least a portion between any two of the communication subunit 10, the temperature monitoring subunit 20, and the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 is peelably connected by the connection structure 50, a second tearing string 60 is disposed in the connection structure 50, at least one side of the connection structure 50 is provided with a second tearing opening 70, and the second tearing opening 70 is disposed corresponding to the second tearing string 60.

In the present embodiment, the connection structure includes the first and second arc-shaped connection bodies 51 and 52 having opposite bending directions, the first and second arc-shaped connection bodies 51 and 52 are connected and form the second tearing opening 70 at both ends at the connection position, and the opening of the second tearing opening 70 is gradually increased in a direction away from the second tearing string 60. Between two adjacent optical cables, first arc connector 51 is connected with one of them optical cable, and second arc connector 52 is connected with another optical cable to the terminal surface that first arc connector 51 and second arc connector 52 and optical cable are connected is the arcwall face, and its radian can laminate with the surface of optical cable, can guarantee joint strength. The second tearing rope 60 is arranged in the connecting structure 50, the second tearing rope 60 is opposite to the second tearing opening 70 and is positioned on the same horizontal plane, and when the second tearing rope 60 is peeled, the second tearing rope 60 can be pulled to the second tearing opening 70, so that the peeling can be realized rapidly.

Specifically, the second tearing rope 60 is formed by twisting a plurality of fiber yarns, has higher tensile strength, can be one of para-aramid fiber, liquid crystal fiber, PET polyester yarn and high-performance ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn, and has the functions of lubrication, water absorption, color identification and non-adhesion with high-molecular plastics by coating a high-performance coating on the surface of the second tearing rope 60.

As shown in FIG. 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, the maximum distance between two sidewalls of the second tearing opening 70 is L, the value of L is 0.5 mm.ltoreq.L.ltoreq.0.8 mm, the depth of the second tearing opening 70 is H1, the value of H1 is 0.3 mm.ltoreq.H2.ltoreq.0.8 mm, the height of the connecting structure 50 is H2, the value of H2 is 1.5 mm.ltoreq.H2.ltoreq.3.0 mm, the width of the connecting structure 50 is W, and the value of W is 1.5 mm.ltoreq.Wltoreq.3.0 mm.

Through the arrangement, the connection strength between two adjacent optical cables can be ensured, and stripping can be conveniently performed.

As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 further includes a first metal armor layer 43, where the first metal armor layer 43 is wrapped around the outer periphery of the second sensitization layer 42.

In this embodiment, the first metal armor layer 43 is formed by helically and tightly twisting a plurality of stainless steel wires, the diameter of a single stainless steel wire is 0.30 mm-2.5 mm, and the first metal armor layer 43 is coated on the periphery of the second sensitization layer 42, so that the structural strength of the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 can be improved.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature monitoring subunit 20 includes a seventh light unit 21, a non-metal braid 22, a metal braid 23, and a first sheath 24 sequentially disposed from inside to outside, and the first sheath 24 is formed by extrusion molding of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the seventh light unit 21 is 0.25 mm-0.90 mm, the surface of the seventh light unit 21 is coated with ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, so that the long-term use temperature is between-55 ℃ and 150 ℃, the non-metal braiding layer 22 is coated on the periphery of the seventh light unit 21, and a plurality of non-metal fiber yarns are adopted for braiding and shaping, such as aramid fiber yarns, carbon fiber yarns, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber yarns and the like; the metal braiding layer 23 is coated on the periphery of the nonmetallic braiding layer 22 and is braided by a plurality of strands of metal wires; the first protective layer 24 is coated on the periphery of the metal braiding layer 23, and is formed by extrusion molding of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, so that the metal braiding layer has excellent temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. Through the above-mentioned setting, can make temperature monitoring subunit 20 have higher temperature resistant level, can be used to the monitoring to ambient temperature, the setting of metal weaving layer 23 and nonmetal weaving layer 22, when guaranteeing that temperature monitoring subunit 20 has better resistance to compression and tensile properties, can also promote the temperature to pass from outside to inside from the clearance of weaving layer, improves temperature monitoring response speed, and then improves the temperature perception sensitivity of seventh light unit 21.

In the present invention, the optical fibers in the third optical unit 11, the fourth optical unit 32, the fifth optical unit 31, the sixth optical unit 41 and the seventh optical unit 21 are all single-mode optical fibers or multimode optical fibers, and in the long-distance monitoring, the single-mode optical fibers are mainly used, and the types of optical fibers that can be used are g.652 or g.657.

In embodiments not shown in the drawings, the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is not disposed within the communication subunit 10, and as a separate monitoring subunit, may be integrated with the communication subunit 10, the temperature monitoring subunit 20, and the acoustic wave monitoring subunit 30 as a unitary structure with a portion of any adjacent two being releasably connected.

As shown in fig. 5, a schematic cross-sectional view of the communication subunit 10, the temperature monitoring subunit 20, and the acoustic monitoring subunit 30 applied to different locations on the oil and gas transportation pipeline 80 is shown, wherein the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is disposed in the communication subunit 10, and the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 is disposed in an accommodating space surrounded by a plurality of third optical units 11 of the communication subunit 10 that are circumferentially arranged.

Specifically, acoustic monitoring subunit 30 may be used to monitor some activity of the earth's surface, such as construction monitoring, illegal mining, etc., as well as to monitor subsurface seismic waves (for detecting subsurface oil distribution). When the acoustic monitoring subunit 30 is disposed directly above the oil and gas transportation pipeline 80, the soil is vibrated by the surface activity, and the vibration signal is transmitted to the acoustic monitoring subunit 30 and captured and identified by the acoustic monitoring subunit, so that the location where the activity occurs can be determined. When the acoustic monitoring subunit 30 is disposed directly below the oil and gas transportation pipeline 80 longitudinally, the elastic wave caused by the vibration generated by manual manufacturing can generate reflected wave or refracted wave in the rock stratum or the oil and gas layer, and when the acoustic signal is returned to the ground, the acoustic signal is transmitted to the acoustic monitoring subunit 30, and according to the propagation route and time of the wave, the buried depth and shape of the rock stratum interface where the reflected wave or refracted wave occurs can be determined, so that the underground geological structure can be known to find the oil and gas.

The temperature monitoring subunit 20 can be laid around the circumference of the oil gas transportation pipeline 80, and a plurality of temperature monitoring subunits 20 can be placed on the pipeline Zhou Weibu for monitoring pipeline leakage, when the temperature monitoring subunit 20 is arranged above the pipeline, the temperature monitoring subunit 20 can be used for monitoring gas leakage in the pipeline, and when the gas leaks, the leakage point can rapidly develop into a low temperature point, so that the temperature of soil above the soil is reduced. When the temperature monitoring subunit 20 is disposed below the pipeline, it can be used for monitoring leakage of crude oil in the pipeline, and when the crude oil leaks, the liquid temperature is higher than the soil temperature, so that the soil temperature below the liquid temperature is increased. The temperature monitoring subunit 20 senses changes in the temperature of the external environment, thereby implementing monitoring of oil and gas pipeline leakage.

The communication subunit 10 and the oil and gas pipeline are laid synchronously, and are close to the surface of the pipeline, when the pipeline is settled or deformed, the synchronously laid communication subunit 10 is deformed, and the sixth optical unit 41 in the stress-strain monitoring subunit 40 senses the tensile or compressive change, so that the external stress-strain is monitored. The communication subunit 10 may also be deployed separately in the formation soil, at a distance from the pipeline, for monitoring soil layer movements around the pipeline.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: the sensing optical cable comprises a communication subunit, a temperature monitoring subunit and a vibration sound wave monitoring subunit, wherein a part of any adjacent two of the communication subunit, the temperature monitoring subunit and the vibration sound wave monitoring subunit are connected in a strippable manner. In the practical application in-process, communication subunit, temperature monitoring subunit and vibration sound wave monitoring subunit's one end link together all the time, and the other end of sensing optical cable can be peeled off the optical cable that has corresponding monitoring function according to different monitoring demands and lay the monitoring position of being convenient for monitor after predetermineeing the length, and the perception is more sensitive, and the accuracy of monitoring is also higher to the sensing optical cable of this application has still integrated temperature monitoring and vibration sound wave monitoring function on having communication function's basis, and the suitability is higher.

It will be apparent that the embodiments described above are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sensing optical cable, comprising:

a communication subunit (10);

a temperature monitoring subunit (20);

an acoustic wave monitoring subunit (30);

a vibration monitoring subunit (90); and

stress-strain monitoring subunit (40), stress-strain monitoring subunit (40) and vibration monitoring subunit (90) are all disposed in communication subunit (10), vibration monitoring subunit (90) is peelably disposed in periphery of stress-strain monitoring subunit (40), vibration monitoring subunit (90) includes arc vibrating body (91), arc vibrating body (91) is crooked towards communication subunit (10)'s center, arc vibrating body (91) has arc vibrating cavity (92), be provided with vibrating membrane (93) in arc vibrating cavity (92), vibrating membrane (93) is configured to be able to separate arc vibrating cavity (92) into first sub-vibrating cavity (921) and second sub-vibrating cavity (922), vibrating membrane (93) is embedded to be equipped with at least one first light unit (94);

The communication subunit (10), the temperature monitoring subunit (20), the acoustic wave monitoring subunit (30), the stress-strain monitoring subunit (40) and the vibration monitoring subunit (90) are integrated into a whole structure, and a part of any adjacent two of the communication subunit (10), the temperature monitoring subunit (20) and the acoustic wave monitoring subunit (30) is connected in a strippable manner.

2. The optical sensing cable according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped vibrating body (91) has a bending radian ranging from pi/2 to 5/6 pi.

3. A sensor cable according to claim 1, wherein the vibrating membrane (93) is provided with a corrugated structure.

4. A sensor cable according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the diaphragm (93) has a value in the range of 0.4mm to 0.8mm.

5. The sensor cable of claim 1 wherein the vibration monitoring subunit (90) further comprises a stiffener (95), the stiffener (95) being threaded through at least one end of the arcuate vibrating body (91).

6. The sensing optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic wave monitoring subunit (30) comprises a sleeve (37) and a second optical unit (38), the second optical unit (38) is spirally arranged in the sleeve (37) along the inner wall of the sleeve (37), a plurality of through holes (39) are arranged on the sleeve (37), and the through holes (39) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve (37).

7. The sensing optical cable according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of through holes (39) are staggered along the axial direction of the sleeve (37), the included angle between the central connecting line of two adjacent through holes (39) and the central axis of the sleeve (37) ranges from 40 degrees to 45 degrees, and the diameter of the through hole (39) ranges from 0.2mm to 0.5mm;

and/or the periphery of the sleeve (37) is coated with an outer sheath (371).

8. The sensing optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the communication subunit (10) comprises a plurality of third light units (11) and an outer protection structure (12) wrapped around the peripheries of the plurality of third light units (11), the plurality of third light units (11) are circumferentially arranged and enclose an accommodating space, and the stress-strain monitoring subunit (40) is disposed in the accommodating space or in the outer protection structure (12).

9. The optical sensing cable of claim 8, wherein the outer protective structure (12) comprises a third protective layer (124), the vibration monitoring subunit (90) is disposed in the third protective layer (124), the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the first and second sub-vibration chambers (921, 922) to the volume of the arc-shaped vibration body (91) is a, and the value of a is 1/3-1/2; and/or, the thickness of the vibration monitoring subunit (90) is H1, the thickness of the third protective layer (124) is H2, and the two satisfy the relation: h1 And is more than or equal to 1/2H2.

10. The sensing optical cable according to claim 9, further comprising an anti-adhesive layer (100), the anti-adhesive layer (100) being mounted in the third protective layer (124), the anti-adhesive layer (100) being located between the stress-strain monitoring subunit (40) and the vibration monitoring subunit (90), at least one end of the anti-adhesive layer (100) being provided with a first tearing rope (101), the first tearing rope (101) protruding out of an end face of the arc-shaped vibration body (91), a first tearing opening (125) being provided on the third protective layer (124), the first tearing opening (125) being provided in correspondence with the first tearing rope (101).

11. The sensing optical cable according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the temperature monitoring subunit (20), the acoustic monitoring subunit (30) and the communication subunit (10) are arranged along a straight line; and/or the stress-strain monitoring subunit (40) is positioned at the center of the communication subunit (10), and the acoustic wave monitoring subunit (30), the temperature monitoring subunit (20) and the communication subunit (10) are arranged in a straight line.

12. The sensing optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the number of the temperature monitoring subunits (20) and the acoustic wave monitoring subunits (30) is plural, the plural temperature monitoring subunits (20) and the plural acoustic wave monitoring subunits (30) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the communication subunits (10), the temperature monitoring subunits (20) and the communication subunits (10) are partially and peelably connected, and the acoustic wave monitoring subunits (30) and the communication subunits (10) are partially and peelably connected.

13. The sensing optical cable of claim 1, wherein the acoustic monitoring subunit (30) further comprises a fourth light unit (32) and a first sensitization layer (33), the fourth light unit (32) being disposed within the first sensitization layer (33), the first sensitization layer (33) being an elastomer.

14. The optical sensing cable according to claim 13, wherein the acoustic monitoring subunit (30) further comprises a fifth optical unit (31), a groove (331) is provided on an outer wall surface of the first sensitization layer (33), the groove (331) is formed by recessing inward from an outer surface of the first sensitization layer (33), and the fifth optical unit (31) is provided in the groove (331).

15. The optical sensing cable according to claim 14, wherein the acoustic monitoring subunit (30) further comprises at least one reinforcing element (34), the number of the grooves (331) and the number of the fourth optical units (32) are two, the two grooves (331) are oppositely arranged, one fifth optical unit (31) is embedded in each groove (331), the two fourth optical units (32) are arranged in the first sensitization layer (33), the first sensitization layer (33) comprises two arc-shaped protruding portions (332), the arc-shaped protruding portions (332) and the grooves (331) are alternately arranged, and the reinforcing element (34) is embedded in at least one arc-shaped protruding portion (332).

16. The sensing optical cable according to claim 1, further comprising a connection structure (50), wherein at least part of any two of the communication subunit (10), the temperature monitoring subunit (20) and the acoustic monitoring subunit (30) are releasably connected by the connection structure (50), a second tearing rope (60) is provided in the connection structure (50), a second tearing opening (70) is provided at least one side of the connection structure (50), and the second tearing opening (70) is provided corresponding to the second tearing rope (60).

17. The optical sensing cable according to claim 16, wherein a maximum distance between both sidewalls of the second tear opening (70) is L, a value range of L is 0.5 mm-0.8 mm, a depth of the second tear opening (70) is H1, a value range of H1 is 0.3 mm-0.8 mm, a height of the connection structure (50) is H2, a value range of H2 is 1.5 mm-3.0 mm, a width of the connection structure (50) is W, and a value range of W is 1.5 mm-3.0 mm.

18. The sensing optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the stress-strain monitoring subunit (40) comprises a sixth light unit (41) and a second sensitization layer (42), the sixth light unit (41) being disposed within the second sensitization layer (42); and/or, the stress-strain monitoring subunit (40) further comprises a first metal armor layer (43), and the first metal armor layer (43) is coated on the periphery of the second sensitization layer (42).

19. The sensing optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the temperature monitoring subunit (20) comprises a seventh light unit (21), a non-metallic braid (22), a metallic braid (23) and a first sheath (24) arranged in that order from inside to outside, the first sheath (24) being extrusion molded with an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.