CN117286296A - Smelting dust utilization system and process for hydrogen-based smelting reduction - Google Patents
Smelting dust utilization system and process for hydrogen-based smelting reduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN117286296A CN117286296A CN202311180663.1A CN202311180663A CN117286296A CN 117286296 A CN117286296 A CN 117286296A CN 202311180663 A CN202311180663 A CN 202311180663A CN 117286296 A CN117286296 A CN 117286296A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a smelting dust utilization system and technology for hydrogen-based smelting reduction, includes smelting reduction furnace (1), vaporization cooling flue (2), gravity subside (3), cyclone (5) and dry process sack dust removal (7), transfer line (15), dust storage storehouse (9), jetting jar (12), spray gun (16), wherein the coal gas that contains the smelting dust that smelting reduction furnace (1) produced is through vaporization cooling flue (2) cooling process gravity subside (3), cyclone (5) and dry process sack dust removal (7) in proper order, transfer line (15) with gravity subside (3), cyclone (5) and dry process sack dust removal (7) UNICOM respectively, and the smelting is with the dust and is carried dust storage storehouse (9) through transfer line (15), then will spray into the smelting reduction furnace through jetting jar (12), spray gun (16). The system realizes totally-enclosed dust treatment, and is safer and more environment-friendly; the recycling of external dust can be realized, and the operation is flexible and efficient; the physical sensible heat of the dust is recycled with high efficiency, and smelting cost is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of ferrous metallurgy, and more particularly, to a system and process for efficient utilization of smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction processes.
Background
The dust treatment of iron/carbon and other smelting raw materials generated in the field of iron and steel smelting has been one of the problems of great concern in the industry for a long time, how to reasonably and efficiently utilize the iron/carbon and other smelting raw material dust generated in the production process directly relates to the production cost, and in addition, the dust treatment directly or indirectly affects the surrounding environment. At present, the treatment research on iron/carbon-containing dust in the industry is more in China, and the treatment method mainly comprises the steps of adding quantitative iron/carbon-containing dust into sinter or preparing pellets with certain strength by using additives or preparing the pellets into granules, and then feeding the pellets into a blast furnace, so that the aim of reutilizing the iron/carbon-containing dust is fulfilled, the production cost is reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced. However, recycling the iron/carbon-containing dust in the above manner has the problems of high cost and secondary pollution, and the amount of powder entering the blast furnace or other recovery containers is increased due to various factors in the production process, thereby affecting the air permeability of the blast furnace burden and further affecting the stable and smooth smelting.
Non-blast furnace ironmaking technology is rapidly developed at present, but the treatment of ore raw materials in the common non-blast furnace ironmaking technology is basically based on the pre-reduction of a rotary kiln and then the reduction, and in the process, the phenomenon of fine powder out-of-the-way is inevitably encountered due to the problems of equipment and the like, so that the surrounding ecology and the production environment are greatly polluted. There is a need for a process and apparatus for improving the utilization of iron/carbon and other raw materials containing smelting dust in the field of iron and steel, so as to thoroughly solve the bottleneck problems of high cost and large pollution of the recovery and utilization of iron/carbon and other raw materials containing smelting dust at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-efficiency utilization system and a high-efficiency utilization process for smelting dust in a hydrogen-based smelting reduction process, which can treat various smelting dust, can completely cancel the process links with high pollution and energy consumption such as sintering, pellets and the like in the traditional smelting process, and can effectively solve the existing problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a smelting dust utilization system for hydrogen-based smelting reduction, includes smelting reduction furnace 1, vaporization cooling flue 2, gravity subsidence 3, cyclone 5 and dry process sack cleaner 7, transfer line 15, dust storage bin 9, jetting jar 12, spray gun 16, wherein the coal gas that the smelting dust that the smelting reduction furnace 1 produced is through vaporization cooling flue 2 cooling process gravity subsidence 3, cyclone 5 and dry process sack cleaner 7 in proper order, transfer line 15 communicates with gravity subsidence 3, cyclone 5 and dry process sack cleaner 7 respectively, and the smelting dust is carried to dust storage bin 9 through transfer line 15, then will spout into the smelting reduction furnace through jetting jar 12, spray gun 16.
Further, the gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4, the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 and the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin 8 are further included, and the generated smelting powder falls into the gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4, the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 and the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin 8 through the gravity sedimentation transfer bin inlet valve 18, the cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve 20 and the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin inlet valve 22 respectively through the cyclone separator 5 and the dry cloth bag dust removal 7.
Further, a gravity sedimentation transfer bin outlet valve 19 is arranged between the gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4 and the conveying pipeline 15, a cyclone separation transfer bin outlet valve 21 is arranged between the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 and the conveying pipeline 15, and a dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin outlet valve 23 is arranged between the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin 8 and the conveying pipeline 15.
Further, an intermediate tank 11 is provided between the dust storage bin 9 and the blowing tank 12, and the intermediate tank 11 is communicated with the storage bin 9 through a pressure adjusting line 28.
Further, a feeder 13 and a blowing line 14 are provided in this order between the blowing tank 12 and the lance 16.
Further, a batching device is also included, which is in communication with the dust storage bin 9.
Further, the batching device is a dust tank truck 17.
Further, the intermediate tank 11 is provided with an intermediate tank inlet upper valve 24, an intermediate tank inlet lower valve 25, and a blowing tank load cell 27.
Further, the diameter of the vaporization cooling flue 2 is DN4000-65000mm, and the total length is 110m.
Further, the dust storage bin 920-30m 3 Tundish 115-8m 3 125-10m of blowing tank 3 The blowing pipeline 14 is made of DN100 ceramic wear-resistant composite material.
Further, there is provided a process for utilizing smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction, comprising the steps of cooling gas containing the smelting dust generated in a smelting reduction furnace 1 through a vaporization cooling flue 2, sequentially passing through a gravity sedimentation 3, a cyclone separator 5 and a dry cloth bag dust collector 7, conveying the generated smelting dust to a dust storage bin 9 through a conveying pipeline 15 under the action of compressed air, and then spraying the smelting dust into the smelting reduction furnace through an adjustable rotary feeder 13, a blowing pipeline 14 and a spray gun 16 under the regulation of a middle tank 11, a blowing tank 12 and a pressure regulating pipeline 28.
Further, the lance 16 is injected into the molten bath of the smelting reduction furnace.
Further, the proportion (weight) of dust collected by the gravity sedimentation 3, the cyclone separator 5 and the dry cloth bag dust removal 7 in the blowing process is 3-5:2-3:1.
further, the gas flow rate is controlled to be 230000-260000Nm after stable production 3 And/h, the spraying speed of the spray gun 16 is 150-300m/s.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
the system avoids the sintering, pelletizing and coking procedures with high pollution and high energy consumption in the traditional treatment process, can realize direct injection smelting of smelting dust and realize secondary high-efficiency utilization; meanwhile, the online collection and the blowing of the high-temperature dust of the micro-positive pressure system are realized for the first time, so that the potential safety hazard of production is greatly reduced, the energy consumption of working procedures is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved; the device realizes totally-enclosed dust treatment, and is safer and more environment-friendly; the recycling of external dust can be realized, and the operation is flexible and efficient; the physical sensible heat of the dust is recycled with high efficiency, and smelting cost is further reduced. The process provided by the invention combines the fusion reduction process, optimizes the flow of generated gas, the flow of blowing and the proportion of blown powder, ensures the stability and efficient circulation of the fusion reduction process, ensures the online utilization of dust, eliminates the existing manual ash discharge and transportation, improves the efficiency and reduces the pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for utilizing the smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Wherein:
1-a smelting reduction furnace; 2-vaporizing cooling flue; 3-gravity sedimentation; 4-a gravity sedimentation transfer bin; 5-cyclone separators, 6-cyclone separation transfer bins, 7-dry cloth bag dust removal and 8-dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bins; 9-a dust storage bin; 10-a dust station dust remover, 11-a middle tank; 12-blowing tank; 13-an adjustable rotary feeder; 14-blowing pipeline, 15-conveying pipeline, 16-spray gun, 17-dust tank truck, 18-gravity sedimentation transfer bin inlet valve, 19-gravity sedimentation transfer bin outlet valve, 20-cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve, 21-cyclone separation transfer bin outlet valve, 22-dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin inlet valve, 23-dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin outlet valve, 24-intermediate tank inlet upper valve, 25-intermediate tank inlet lower valve, 26-blowing tank inlet valve, 27-blowing tank weighing sensor and 28-pressure regulating pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the present invention is further explained and illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
The utility model provides a be applicable to high-efficient utilization system of smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction technology, the coal gas that contains smelting dust that smelting reduction furnace 1 produced is through vaporization cooling flue 2 cooling and is passed through gravity sedimentation 3 in proper order, cyclone 5 and dry-process sack dust removal 7, the smelting powder that produces falls into gravity sedimentation transfer storehouse 4 through gravity sedimentation transfer storehouse inlet valve 18 respectively, cyclone separation transfer storehouse inlet valve 20 and dry-process sack dust removal transfer storehouse inlet valve 22, cyclone separation transfer storehouse 6 and dry-process sack dust removal transfer storehouse 8, open corresponding gravity sedimentation transfer storehouse outlet valve 19 again, cyclone separation transfer storehouse outlet valve 21 and dry-process sack dust removal transfer storehouse outlet valve 23 is carried to dust storage storehouse 9 through transfer pipeline 15 under compressed air's effect, then spray into the smelting reduction furnace through adjustable rotary feeder 13, blast pipe 14 and spray gun 16 and participate in redox reaction and take part in the secondary high-efficient use in the regulation through intermediate tank 11 and blast pot 12 and pressure regulating pipeline 28 in proper order.
The composition and flow rate of the gas containing the dust for smelting produced after the production of the smelting reduction furnace was stabilized are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 clean gas composition and flow rate of hydrogen-based smelting reduction furnace after stable production
| Component (A) | CO | CO 2 | N 2 | H 2 O | H 2 | Total Nm 3 /h |
| Content of% | 15-25 | 20-45 | 40-50 | 1-5 | 1-5 | 230000-260000 |
The whole system of the dust-containing flue gas is micro-positive pressure, and the pressure stable production period is 50-110KPa;
the dust-containing flue gas is subjected to primary cooling through the vaporization cooling flue 2, and then is subjected to gravity sedimentation 3 to finish large particle separation of the dust-containing flue gas mainly under the action of gravity; when the weight of the dust is accumulated until the triggering and interlocking is achieved, automatically opening an inlet valve 18 of a gravity sedimentation transfer bin so that the dust in the gravity sedimentation 3 falls to a gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4 under the action of micro positive pressure, automatically closing the inlet valve 18 of the gravity sedimentation transfer bin after the triggering and interlocking, then pressurizing the gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4 until the triggering and interlocking is achieved, and opening an outlet valve 19 of the gravity sedimentation transfer bin to convey the dust to a dust storage bin 9 through a conveying pipeline 15, and sequentially and circularly conveying the dust;
the dust-containing flue gas is subjected to waste heat recovery through a vaporization cooling flue 2;
the diameter of the vaporization cooling flue 2 is DN4000-65000mm, the material is 20G, the highest temperature is 1600-1700 ℃, the total length is 110m, the cooling effect of 800-1200 ℃ can be realized, the outlet temperature is 550-650 ℃, and meanwhile, 150-200t/h medium pressure saturated steam can be generated;
the hour amount of the gas containing smelting dust passing through the vaporization cooling flue 2 is 230000-300000Nm 3 And/h, the dust content is 800-1500g/Nm 3 ；
After the dust-containing flue gas passes through the gravity sedimentation 3, when the weight of dust in the cyclone separator 5 is accumulated until the triggering and interlocking is carried out, the cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve 20 is automatically opened, so that the dust in the cyclone separator 5 falls to the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 under the action of micro-positive pressure, the cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve 20 is automatically closed after the triggering and interlocking is carried out, then the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 is pressurized until the triggering and interlocking is carried out, the cyclone separation transfer bin outlet valve 21 is opened, the dust is conveyed to the dust storage bin 9 through the conveying pipeline 15, and the dust is sequentially and circularly conveyed;
after the dust-containing flue gas passes through the cyclone separator 5, when the weight of dust in the dry cloth bag dust collector 7 is accumulated until the triggering and interlocking is carried out, automatically opening an inlet valve 22 of a dry cloth bag dust collection transfer bin so that the dust in the dry cloth bag dust collector 7 falls into a dry cloth bag dust collection transfer bin 8 under the action of micro-positive pressure, automatically closing the inlet valve 22 of the dry cloth bag dust collection transfer bin after the triggering and interlocking is carried out, then pressurizing the dry cloth bag dust collection transfer bin 8 until the triggering and interlocking is carried out, opening an outlet valve 23 of the dry cloth bag dust collection transfer bin, and carrying out transmission to a dust storage bin 9 through a transmission pipeline 15, and carrying out cyclic transmission in sequence; wherein, the four conveying pipelines can be simultaneously or independently conveyed;
the gravity sedimentation 3, the cyclone separator 5 and the dry cloth bag dust removal 7 can be carried out simultaneously or independently, and each conveying system is also provided with a temperature, pressure and weight detecting instrument and related interlocking;
the three-stage dust removal and powder collection efficiency of the gravity sedimentation 3, the cyclone separator 5 and the dry cloth bag dust removal 7 can reach 99.2-99.8%, wherein the gravity sedimentation 3 can reach 50-60%, the cyclone separator 5 can reach 30-40%, and the dry cloth bag dust removal 7 can reach 10-20%;
the gravity sedimentation transfer bin inlet valve 18, the cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve 20, the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin inlet valve 22, the gravity sedimentation transfer bin outlet valve 19, the cyclone separation transfer bin outlet valve 21 and the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin outlet valve 23 are high-temperature wear-resistant dome valves, and the aperture is DN200-400mm;
the gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4, the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 and the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin 8 are internally provided with plastic with the thickness of 8-20mm for reducing temperature drop;
compressed air with carrier gas of 0.45-0.65MPa is used for dust transportation, a transportation pipeline is a wear-resistant composite material pipeline with DN of 200-300, and the volume of a transfer bin is 10-25m 3 ；
After the gravity sedimentation 3, the cyclone separator 5 and the dust collected by the dry cloth bag dust removal 7 are conveyed to the storage bin 9, the pressure in the middle tank 11 is firstly released to trigger pressure interlocking through the pressure regulating pipeline 28, and then the middle tank inlet lower valve 25 and the middle tank inlet upper valve 24 are automatically opened after the quick-cut valve of the pressure regulating pipeline 28 is closed, so that the dust in the storage bin 9 sequentially closes the middle tank inlet upper valve 24 and the middle tank inlet lower valve 25 when the middle tank 11 is implemented under the action of gravity to trigger interlocking;
after the last step is completed, starting to pressurize the intermediate tank 11 until the blowing tank inlet valve 26 is opened when the interlocking is triggered, so that dust in the intermediate tank 11 falls into the blowing tank 12 under the action of external pressure until the blowing tank inlet valve 26 is closed by the interlocking is triggered, and circulating according to the interlocking condition;
the dust in the blowing tank 12 is sprayed into the smelting reduction furnace 1 through the blowing pipeline 14 and the spray gun 16 by the adjustable rotary feeder 13 for smelting and utilization;
the injection speed of the spray gun 16 is controlled to be 150-300m/s through the air quantity and the pressure, so that the influence of the granularity change on the injection depth is fundamentally solved;
the composition of the dust collected by gravity settling 3, cyclone 5 and dry bag house 7 after production stabilization is shown in table 2.
The proportion (weight) of dust collected by the gravity sedimentation 3, the cyclone separator 5 and the dry cloth bag dust collector 7 in the blowing process is 3-5:2-3:1.
the adjustable rotary feeder 13 can automatically adjust the frequency according to the set blowing amount to reach a set value, and the maximum feeding amount is 30-60t/h;
920-30m of dust storage bin 3 Tundish 115-8m 3 125-10m of blowing tank 3 The blowing pipeline 14 is made of DN100 ceramic wear-resistant composite material;
the external dust can be directly conveyed to the storage bin 9 through the dust tank truck 17 and then blown for use according to interlocking sequential control;
the dust catcher 10 arranged at the upper part of the dust storage bin 9 is always in a working state, and mainly separates dust from gas in the pressure regulating pipeline 28;
the interlocking conditions include, but are not limited to, time interlocking, pressure interlocking, weight interlocking, pressure differential interlocking, time differential interlocking, weight differential interlocking, and the like;
the other smelting raw material dust comprises, but is not limited to, passivated magnesium powder, dolomite powder, limestone powder, iron fine powder, magnesite powder, magnesia powder, iron ore powder, coal powder and semicoke generated by a smelting reduction process, and single type of oxide scale with granularity smaller than 3mm after crushing, and can also be two or more mixed powders of the above types;
if the solvent delivery system fails and cannot recover for a short time, then external lime powder and dolomite powder or fluorite powder can be delivered through the dust tank truck 17, with the dolomite powder being proportioned: lime powder
The furnace is transported to a storage bin 9 for blowing in a ratio of (0.5-2.0:0.5-6.0), and the stability of the furnace condition is ensured so as not to generate abnormality
The molten iron composition produced by the oxidation-reduction reaction of the self-circulating smelting dust sprayed into the smelting reduction furnace 1 by the spray gun 16 after the production is stable is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 molten iron composition after injection of self-circulating smelting dust after stabilization of production
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Cu |
| 3.80-4.12 | 0.001-0.0012 | 0.003-0.008 | 0.007-0.015 | 0.055-0.080 | 0.0020-0.0065 | 0.0045-0.0090 |
The secondary combustion rate in the hydrogen-based smelting reduction furnace 1 is improved from 45-55% to 56-62%, so that the heat generation and supply in the furnace are greatly improved, and the smelting reduction furnace 1N is reduced 2 The ratio of the smelting dust generated by the smelting reduction furnace 1 is improved; after the smelting is successfully applied and divided, the iron per ton is increased by 10-30 kg before the comparison of the comprehensive smelting fuel, but the comprehensive smelting cost is reduced by 40-100 yuan/ton iron
Example 1
In the embodiment, the capability of processing 60 tons in the process of smelting dust in an hour is taken as an example of a production line for producing 60 ten thousand tons of high-purity pig iron in one year, and the following is described:
as shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment 1 of the invention, gas containing smelting dust generated by a smelting reduction furnace 1 is cooled by a vaporization cooling flue 2, the generated smelting dust is sequentially subjected to gravity sedimentation 3, a cyclone separator 5 and a dry cloth bag dust removal 7, and falls into a gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4, a cyclone separation transfer bin 6 and a dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin 8 through a gravity sedimentation transfer bin inlet valve 18, a cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve 20 and a dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin inlet valve 22 respectively, and then a corresponding gravity sedimentation transfer bin outlet valve 19, a cyclone separation transfer bin outlet valve 21 and a dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin outlet valve 23 are opened and are conveyed to a dust storage bin 9 through a conveying pipeline 15 under the action of compressed air, and then are sequentially subjected to adjustment of a middle tank 11, a blowing tank 12 and a pressure adjusting pipeline 28, and are sprayed into the smelting reduction furnace through an adjustable rotary feeder 13, a blowing pipeline 14 and a spray gun 16 to participate in oxidation reduction reaction so as to be utilized secondarily and efficiently.
According to the invention, the dust-containing flue gas is subjected to primary cooling through the vaporization cooling flue 2, and then is subjected to gravity sedimentation 3 to finish large particle separation of the dust-containing flue gas mainly under the action of gravity; when the weight of the dust is accumulated until the triggering and interlocking is achieved, automatically opening an inlet valve 18 of a gravity sedimentation transfer bin so that the dust in the gravity sedimentation 3 falls to a gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4 under the action of micro positive pressure, automatically closing the inlet valve 18 of the gravity sedimentation transfer bin after the triggering and interlocking, then pressurizing the gravity sedimentation transfer bin 4 until the triggering and interlocking is achieved, and opening an outlet valve 19 of the gravity sedimentation transfer bin to convey the dust to a dust storage bin 9 through a conveying pipeline 15, and sequentially and circularly conveying the dust;
according to the invention, after the dust-containing flue gas is subjected to gravity sedimentation 3, when the weight of dust in the cyclone separator 5 is accumulated to trigger interlocking, the cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve 20 is automatically opened, so that the dust in the cyclone separator 5 falls to the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 under the action of micro positive pressure, the cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve 20 is automatically closed after the interlocking is triggered, then the cyclone separation transfer bin 6 is pressurized to trigger interlocking, and then the cyclone separation transfer bin outlet valve 21 is opened to be conveyed to the dust storage bin 9 through the conveying pipeline 15, and the dust is sequentially and circularly conveyed;
according to the invention, after dust-containing flue gas passes through the cyclone separator 5, when the weight of dust in the dry cloth bag dust collector 7 is accumulated to trigger interlocking, the inlet valve 22 of the dry cloth bag dust collector transfer bin is automatically opened, so that the dust in the dry cloth bag dust collector 7 falls to the dry cloth bag dust collector transfer bin 8 under the action of micro-positive pressure, the inlet valve 22 of the dry cloth bag dust collector transfer bin is automatically closed after the interlocking is triggered, then the dry cloth bag dust collector transfer bin 8 is pressurized to trigger interlocking, and the outlet valve 23 of the dry cloth bag dust collector transfer bin is opened to be conveyed to the dust storage bin 9 through the conveying pipeline 15, and the dust is sequentially and circularly conveyed; wherein, the four conveying pipelines can be simultaneously or independently conveyed;
after the dust collected by the gravity sedimentation 3, the cyclone separator 5 and the dry cloth bag dust collector 7 is conveyed to the storage bin 9, the pressure in the middle tank 11 is released to the trigger pressure interlocking through the pressure regulating pipeline 28, the lower middle tank inlet valve 25 and the upper middle tank inlet valve 24 are automatically opened after the quick-cut valve of the pressure regulating pipeline 28 is closed, so that the dust in the storage bin 9 sequentially closes the upper middle tank inlet valve 24 and the lower middle tank inlet valve 25 from the middle tank 11 to the trigger interlocking under the action of gravity; then starting to pressurize the intermediate tank 11 until the triggering interlocking is started, opening the blowing tank inlet valve 26 so that dust in the intermediate tank 11 falls into the blowing tank 12 under the action of external pressure until the triggering interlocking closes the blowing tank inlet valve 26, and circulating according to the interlocking condition; finally, the dust in the blowing tank 12 is sprayed into the smelting reduction furnace 1 through the blowing pipeline 14 and the spray gun 16 by the adjustable rotary feeder 13 for smelting and utilization.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the capability of smelting lime powder for 40 tons in an hour of a high-purity pig iron production line with annual production of 60 ten thousand tons is taken as an example for explanation:
as shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment 2 of the invention, 50 tons of lime powder is pumped into a dust storage bin 9 by an external lime powder through a dust tank truck 17 and a conveying pipeline under the pressure of 0.45-0.80 MPa; firstly, when the pressure in the middle tank 11 is released to trigger pressure interlocking through a pressure regulating pipeline 28, a middle tank inlet lower valve 25 and a middle tank inlet upper valve 24 are automatically opened after a quick-cut valve arranged on the pressure regulating pipeline 28 is closed, so that dust in a storage bin 9 is enabled to sequentially close the middle tank inlet upper valve 24 and the middle tank inlet lower valve 25 when the middle tank 11 is implemented under the action of gravity to trigger interlocking; then starting to pressurize the intermediate tank 11 until the triggering interlocking is started, opening the blowing tank inlet valve 26 so that dust in the intermediate tank 11 falls into the blowing tank 12 under the action of external pressure until the triggering interlocking closes the blowing tank inlet valve 26, and circulating according to the interlocking condition; finally, the dust in the blowing tank 12 is sprayed into the smelting reduction furnace 1 through the blowing pipeline 14 and the spray gun 16 by the adjustable rotary feeder 13 for smelting and utilization.
The invention omits sintering, pelletizing and coking procedures with high pollution and high energy consumption in the traditional treatment process, can realize direct injection smelting of smelting dust and realize secondary high-efficiency utilization; compared with the traditional process, the invention realizes the online collection and blowing of the high-temperature dust of the micro-positive pressure system for the first time, greatly reduces the hidden danger of production, reduces the energy consumption of working procedures and improves the working efficiency; compared with the traditional process, the process realizes totally-enclosed dust treatment, and is safer and more environment-friendly; compared with the traditional process, the process can also realize recycling of external dust, and is flexible and efficient in operation; compared with the traditional process, the process has the advantages that the physical sensible heat of the dust is recycled and utilized efficiently in the same step, and the smelting cost is further reduced.
The invention is applicable to the online collection and blowing of dust of different smelting raw materials for smelting in a smelting reduction process, and can be used for other similar iron-making processes or other smelting processes by referring to the thought, thereby reducing the smelting cost while shortening the treatment process, enhancing the service performance and prolonging the service life.
Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the embodiments are only used for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a smelting dust utilization system for hydrogen-based smelting reduction, its characterized in that includes smelting reduction furnace (1), vaporization cooling flue (2), gravity subsidence (3), cyclone (5) and dry process sack dust removal (7), transfer line (15), dust storage storehouse (9), jetting jar (12), spray gun (16), wherein the coal gas that contains the smelting dust that smelting reduction furnace (1) produced passes through gravity subsidence (3), cyclone (5) and dry process sack dust removal (7) in proper order through vaporization cooling flue (2) cooling, transfer line (15) respectively with gravity subsidence (3), cyclone (5) and dry process sack dust removal (7) UNICOM, smelting dust is carried to dust storage storehouse (9) through transfer line (15), then will spout into the smelting reduction furnace through jetting jar (12), spray gun (16).
2. The smelting dust utilization system for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 1, further comprising a gravity sedimentation transfer bin (4), a cyclone separation transfer bin (6) and a dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin (8), wherein the gravity sedimentation (3), the cyclone separator (5) and the dry cloth bag dust removal (7) enable the generated smelting dust to fall into the gravity sedimentation transfer bin (4), the cyclone separation transfer bin (6) and the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin (8) through a gravity sedimentation transfer bin inlet valve (18), a cyclone separation transfer bin inlet valve (20) and a dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin inlet valve (22) respectively.
3. The smelting dust utilization system for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 2, wherein a gravity sedimentation transfer bin outlet valve (19) is arranged between the gravity sedimentation transfer bin (4) and the conveying pipeline (15), a cyclone separation transfer bin outlet valve (21) is arranged between the cyclone separation transfer bin (6) and the conveying pipeline (15), and a dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin outlet valve (23) is arranged between the dry cloth bag dust removal transfer bin (8) and the conveying pipeline (15).
4. A smelting dust utilization system for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 3, characterized in that an intermediate tank (11) is provided between the dust storage bin (9) and the blowing tank (12), and the intermediate tank (11) is communicated with the storage bin (9) through a pressure regulating line (28).
5. The system for utilizing the smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 4, wherein a feeder (13) and a blowing line (14) are provided in this order between the blowing tank (12) and the lance (16).
6. The smelting dust utilization system for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 5, further comprising a batching device that communicates with the dust storage bin (9).
7. The utility model provides a smelting dust utilization process for hydrogen-based smelting reduction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps that coal gas containing smelting dust produced by a smelting reduction furnace (1) is cooled through a vaporization cooling flue (2), the produced smelting dust is conveyed to a dust storage bin (9) through a conveying pipeline (15) under the action of compressed air through a gravity sedimentation (3), a cyclone separator (5) and a dry cloth bag dust removal (7) in sequence, and then is sprayed into the smelting reduction furnace through an adjustable rotary feeder (13), a blowing pipeline (14) and a spray gun (16) through adjustment of a middle tank (11), a blowing tank (12) and a pressure adjusting pipeline (28) in sequence.
8. The process for utilizing the smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 7, wherein the lance (16) is injected into the molten pool of the smelting reduction furnace.
9. The process for utilizing smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 8, wherein the proportion (weight) of dust collected by gravity sedimentation (3), cyclone separator (5) and dry bag dust removal (7) in the blowing process is 3-5:2-3:1.
10. the process for utilizing a smelting dust for hydrogen-based smelting reduction according to claim 9, whereinThe gas flow is controlled to be 230000-260000Nm after stable production 3 And/h, the spraying speed of the spray gun (16) is 150-300m/s.
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