CN111485044A - Quasi-pure oxygen iron-making and blast furnace gas recycling method and device - Google Patents
Quasi-pure oxygen iron-making and blast furnace gas recycling method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111485044A CN111485044A CN201910085474.3A CN201910085474A CN111485044A CN 111485044 A CN111485044 A CN 111485044A CN 201910085474 A CN201910085474 A CN 201910085474A CN 111485044 A CN111485044 A CN 111485044A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/002—Evacuating and treating of exhaust gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method and a device thereof2Separation apparatus, CO2Compressor, CO2Storage tank, CO storage tank and valve assembly. In the original blast furnace ironmaking process, oxygen is prepared and CO is added by adding an oxygen generator2Separation of CO by separation device2With CO, and separating a part of the separated CO2Mixing with oxygen in a certain proportion as combustion-supporting gas for blast furnace ironmaking, thereby avoiding the existence of a large amount of N in blast furnace gas2The difficulty of CO purification is reduced, the utilization value of blast furnace gas is improved, and the consumption of blast furnace ironmaking coke or coal is reduced, thereby realizing energy conservation and CO2And (4) the purpose of emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy and energy conservation and environmental protection, relates to a technology for recycling ironmaking and blast furnace gas, and particularly relates to a method and a device for pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling.
Background
About 1600m is needed to be produced for each ton of iron produced in the blast furnace ironmaking process3The blast furnace gas of (1), wherein the CO content is 20-24%, CO2Content of 16-20%, N2The content is about 40-50%. CO and N due to lower calorific value2The separation difficulty is high, so that the utilization value of the blast furnace gas is low and has a certain ratioThe blast furnace gas is directly combusted and discharged as release gas. CO and CO2The basic fixed proportion in the blast furnace gas, low heat value and great separation difficulty are caused by N2However, nitrogen is entrained by the combustion air. The main problems of pure oxygen smelting are that: 1) the oxygen can not be heated, otherwise, the high-temperature oxygen transmission pipeline can be oxidized, and the nozzle is easy to be oxidized and damaged; 2) the furnace temperature is too high, and the influence on the furnace wall of the blast furnace is great; 3) the combustion-supporting gas quantity is small, enough stirring cannot be formed on bottom molten steel, the reduction effect is influenced, and meanwhile, the gas quantity is small, so that the furnace top temperature is low, and the early reduction of iron ore is not facilitated. Patent CN107151718A proposes an oxygen-rich blast furnace iron-making device, which is suitable for oxygen-rich smelting. However, the investment of a newly-built blast furnace is large, and if the existing furnace type is modified, the combustion-supporting gas cannot be pure oxygen, so that the existing process cannot solve the problem of N in the blast furnace gas2Thereby leading to the inefficient utilization of blast furnace gas.
In the prior art, patent CN108430914A describes a CO2The recycling method of (1) adding CH on the circulating pipeline according to the proportion4Introducing CO and CH into a hot blast furnace4Thermal decomposition into CO and H by combustion2Then the mixture is introduced into a blast furnace. Patents CN205893309U and CN1216154C describe a method for making iron by mixing pure oxygen with hydrogen-rich gas. The common point of the technologies is that natural gas or coke oven gas is used, so that the price is high, and the gas consumption is high; the natural gas consumption in the implementation process is up to 800Nm3Per ton of iron, the consumption of single natural gas far exceeds the total cost of the prior iron making; and oxygen and CH4There is a risk of explosion in the hot blast furnace.
In the prior art, high-pressure nitrogen is used as conveying gas of coal powder for coal injection of a blast furnace, air or oxygen is not used, the content of oxygen needs to be controlled to be lower than 12%, and the risk that the conveying gas reacts with the coal powder or the oxygen in the air reacts with CO to release a large amount of heat to cause explosion exists. Meanwhile, 2CO + O2＝2CO2A large amount of heat is discharged, and the content of CO is also controlled. The nitrogen finally enters the blast furnace gas, and the heat value of the blast furnace gas is reduced. Therefore, a large amount of N is present in the blast furnace gas2FromThe difficulty of CO purification is increased, so that low-concentration CO cannot be efficiently utilized, and the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction are difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method and device, which adopt CO2The method of mixing with oxygen replaces combustion air required by blast furnace ironmaking, and avoids a large amount of N in blast furnace gas2The difficulty of CO purification is reduced, and the utilization value of the blast furnace gas is improved, so that the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction are fulfilled.
The invention adds a set of oxygen making device and a set of CO in the original blast furnace ironmaking process2And (4) a separation device. CO 22Part of the CO obtained in the separation unit2Mixing the oxygen with oxygen according to a certain proportion, and using the obtained oxygen-containing mixed gas as combustion-supporting gas for blast furnace ironmaking instead of air; a part of CO2Transport gas for coal injection, excess CO2And discharging or sealing. The concentration of the separated CO-rich gas reaches 70-99.5%, and the CO-rich gas can be used as reducing gas for blast furnace ironmaking, and also can be used as a raw material for chemical synthesis or a high-calorific-value fuel according to the requirements of subsequent processes, so that the high-efficiency utilization of CO is realized. The invention uses CO2With pure oxygen O2Mixing to realize the oxygen in the combustion-supporting gas2The concentration is controlled, so that the requirement of the furnace temperature is ensured, and a considerable updraft can be obtained. Simultaneously avoids a large amount of N in the blast furnace gas2The purification difficulty of CO is greatly reduced, so that the problem that low-concentration CO cannot be efficiently utilized is solved, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved. The oxygen supplement uses a composition containing almost no N2And the oxygen is injected into the blast furnace according to the mixture ratio of simulated air properties2And CO2So the invention is quasi-pure oxygen ironmaking. To control the system N2Accumulation of (2), N required for coal injection2With separated CO2Gas substitution, N reduction2The substitution amount of (c).
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling device (system)The method comprises the following steps: oxygen generator, hot-blast stove, blast furnace, dust-removing equipment, supercharging equipment and CO2Separation apparatus, CO2Compressor, CO2A storage tank, a CO storage tank, and a valve assembly;
the oxygen generating device is connected with the hot blast stove; produced oxygen and recycled CO2The mixture is preheated by a hot blast stove and then is sent into a blast furnace; the blast furnace gas at the outlet of the blast furnace is sent into CO after passing through a dust removal device and a supercharging device2A separation device; CO 22CO-rich gas at the outlet of the separation device is sent into a CO storage tank, and CO is2Channel CO2After compressor feeding CO2And (4) storage tank. The CO gas storage tank is directly connected with the blast furnace.
The oxygen generating device provides the required oxygen; the hot blast stove is used for heating oxygen and CO2A mixed oxygen-containing gas mixture; coke (or carbon) and iron ore are filled in the blast furnace, and reduction ironmaking is carried out in the blast furnace; the dust removal equipment is used for treating the dust content of the blast furnace gas to 10mg/m3The following; the booster fan is used for boosting 30-600Kpa on the basis of the original pressure of the blast furnace gas to realize CO and CO2Separating; CO 22The separation device is used for carrying out CO and CO2The separation can adopt a solution absorption separation process or a pressure swing adsorption separation process. CO 22The storage tank is used for temporarily storing CO generated by separation2Having buffering of CO2By effect of fluctuations in gas pressure and/or flow rate into the CO2CO of storage tank2The gas will condense out liquid water, CO2The storage tank is provided with a drainage device.
CO2The compressor being for compressing CO2CO of storage tank2Pressurizing to the pressure of blast furnace operation to ensure CO2The gas can be smoothly sprayed into the blast furnace. The CO storage tank is used for storing the separated CO-rich gas.
When the quasi-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling system works, oxygen and CO obtained by the oxygen generator are mixed with CO2CO recycled from storage tank2Mixing at a certain ratio, heating the mixed gas with hot blast stove, spraying CO from the bottom of the blast furnace2And reducing the oxygen with carbon in the blast furnace to produce CO, which is further used for reducing the ore to obtain iron. Tail of blast furnace outletThe gas is cooled after being dedusted by the dedusting equipment, and then enters CO after being supercharged by the supercharging equipment2The obtained CO-rich gas can be directly returned to the blast furnace for combustion or used as reducing gas to separate the obtained CO2By CO2The pressurized gas returns to the compressor to be mixed with oxygen to obtain partial CO2Can be used as conveying gas for coal injection, and residual CO2Discharging or sealing; thereby realizing the quasi-pure oxygen iron making and the cyclic utilization of blast furnace gas, achieving the purposes of improving the blast furnace efficiency, reducing the consumption of coke (or coal) and reducing CO2The purpose of discharging.
The invention also provides a pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method, in the original blast furnace ironmaking process, oxygen is prepared by adding an oxygen generator, and CO is added2Separation of CO by separation device2With CO, and separating a part of the separated CO2Mixing with oxygen in a certain proportion, and using the oxygen-containing mixed gas as combustion-supporting gas for blast furnace ironmaking so as to prevent a large amount of N from existing in blast furnace gas2The difficulty of CO purification is reduced, and the utilization value of the blast furnace gas is improved. The method comprises the following steps:
1) oxygen is prepared by the oxygen generator, and oxygen with the concentration range of 80-100 percent and CO separation can be prepared2Mixing to obtain blast furnace combustion-supporting gas; or directly preparing oxygen and CO by an oxygen generating device2The oxygen-containing mixed gas is used as the combustion-supporting gas of the blast furnace.
Oxygen may be produced by cryogenic separation (rectification) processes or by adsorptive separation processes (room temperature operation or high temperature operation).
2) By using CO2Separation apparatus for CO2Separating with CO to obtain CO-rich gas and CO2Gas; separating the obtained part of CO2As the oxygen-containing mixed gas obtained after mixing the circulating gas and the oxygen or as the regenerated gas of an oxygen generating device for preparing the oxygen and the CO2Mixed oxygen-containing gas mixture.
In specific implementation, CO is used2The gas and the oxygen are respectively 30-80% in proportion: mixing at 20-45%. And the nitrogen N in the oxygen-containing mixed gas needs to be controlled2The content of (A) is less than 15%, and the optimum value is less than 5%. The oxygen-containing mixed gas can be usedOxygen and CO produced by a conventional oxygen plant2Directly mixing the circulating gas to obtain the product; or directly obtaining the oxygen-containing mixed gas with the concentration of the proportion by using an adsorption process.
3) The hot blast stove is a device for heating the oxygen-containing mixed gas, and in order to ensure enough heat for later use, the device needs to heat the oxygen-containing mixed gas to 900-1300 ℃, and the optimized range is 1050-1300 ℃.
4) Reducing and ironmaking in a blast furnace. CO injection into blast furnace2The method is favorable for promoting the C in the blast furnace to react to generate CO and improving the concentration of the CO, thereby being favorable for improving the reaction speed and the volume load of the blast furnace. The blast furnace operating pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa, and is especially suitable for 0.25-0.4 MPa.
5) The dust removal equipment is used for treating the dust content of the tail gas at the outlet of the blast furnace to 10mg/m3In order to meet the requirements of the subsequent separation section.
6) The blast furnace tail gas after dust removal is pressurized by 30-600Kpa by utilizing a booster fan on the basis of the original pressure of the blast furnace gas, and the blast furnace tail gas is cooled to below 40 ℃ by using a conventional heat exchange mode before entering the booster fan.
7)CO2The separation device is used for carrying out CO and CO2Can separate CO by solution absorption2The pressure swing adsorption separation process can also be adopted. In particular, H in blast furnace gas2、CH4Enters a CO storage tank along with CO, and H2O following CO2And entering a storage tank. CO 22Gas needs to be dewatered, and CO2The storage tank is provided with a water removal device.
CO2The compressor is used for compressing CO in the product tank2Pressurizing to the pressure of blast furnace operation to ensure CO2The gas can be smoothly sprayed into the blast furnace.
8) Separation of produced CO2Except part of the CO is used as combustion-supporting gas of the blast furnace, the rest of the CO is used2A part of which is used for the transport gas of coal injection, and the rest of which is CO2Can be directly discharged or sealed; the separated and prepared CO gas with the concentration of 70-99.5 percent can be circularly returned to a blast furnace to be used as reducing gas or combustion gas, and can also be used for combustion of a hot blast stove or used as a raw material for chemical synthesis.
Through the steps, the quasi-pure oxygen ironmaking and the cyclic utilization of blast furnace gas are realized, the blast furnace efficiency is improved, the coke coal consumption is reduced, and the CO is reduced2The purpose of discharging.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method and a device for reducing tail gas emission by pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling. Oxygen-containing mixed gas is sprayed from the bottom of the blast furnace as combustion-supporting gas. After the process is operated, the mixing proportion of blown gas is 30-80% of CO2Circulating gas, 20-45% of oxygen and 0-15% of N2. The outlet blast furnace gas contains 30-45% of CO2，40-55％CO，0.3-12％N2，1-15％H2，0.3-0.6CH4. 180 Nm-240 Nm oxygen injected into each ton of steel3Compared with the prior art, the method saves coal consumption by 25-30 percent and improves the volume load of the blast furnace by 30-60 percent. In the process of the invention, the blast furnace gas CO and CO2The separation is very easy, and the separated CO gas is returned to the blast furnace as reducing gas; or used as raw material for chemical synthesis or fuel gas source with high heat value. When CO gas is needed, the amount of oxygen injected into each ton of steel is 320-400Nm3While generating CO gas with the concentration of 70-99.5% and the gas quantity of 450-900Nm3And the amount of CO generated gas can be flexibly adjusted.
The main technical advantages of the invention are as follows:
(I) by CO2The circulation is mixed with pure oxygen, so that the problem that the blast pipeline, the jet orifice and the blast furnace wall cannot tolerate high temperature due to high theoretical combustion temperature is solved; and the problems of stirring caused by insufficient ascending gas amount of pure oxygen and low top furnace temperature are solved. The CO concentration is improved at the bottom of the furnace according to the reaction principle, and the volume load of blast furnace ironmaking is improved by 30-60%.
(II) by CO2Mixing with oxygen to replace N in air2So that the blast furnace gas contains nitrogenLittle or no amount of CO and N2The problem of difficult separation; and CO2The CO is easy to separate, and the separation cost is low, thereby realizing the high-efficiency utilization of the blast furnace gas.
(III) by CO2The mixed oxygen is mixed with oxygen to replace natural gas or coke oven gas which is required to be added in pure oxygen blast furnace hydrogen-rich smelting, and cheap coal is used as a reducing agent or a heat value source, so that the method is more economical.
(IV) CO is finally discharged out of the system2Under the condition of CO full circulation, the carbon consumption can be reduced by 25-30 percent, namely the carbon consumption of each ton of iron can be reduced by 150kg of carbon by 100-.
And (V) during the process of toughening combined production, the blast furnace is used as a gas making furnace in coal chemical industry while realizing the iron making process, so that high-quality CO product gas is obtained, the two purposes of one furnace can be realized, and the investment of the gas making furnace with higher price is reduced. And the output gas quantity of the CO gas can be flexibly adjusted in a large range according to the requirement, namely, a production unit can carry out matching adjustment according to the price of steel and the price of chemical products, so that the optimized matching is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling system provided by the invention;
wherein, 1-an oxygen generating device; 2, hot blast stove; 3, a blast furnace; 4-dust removing equipment; 5, a booster fan; 6-CO2A separation device; 7-CO2A compressor; 8-CO2A storage tank; 9-CO storage tank.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described by way of examples, without in any way limiting the scope of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a method for utilizing CO2Mixing with pure oxygen to simulate the hot blast characteristic of the prior oxygen-enriched blast. The method has small change to the existing blast furnace process pipeline, and can easily realize the yield increase of 30-60% and reduce the tail gas emission under the condition that the existing blast furnace main body is not changed. Oxygen-containing mixed gas is sprayed from the bottom of the blast furnace as combustion-supporting gas. CO separated from the blast furnace gas can be returned to the blast furnace and can be simultaneously usedThe product can be used as raw material gas or high heating value fuel for toughening and coproducing chemical synthesis.
In specific implementation, the system structure of the quasi-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling process comprises the following steps: an oxygen making device 1, a hot blast stove 2, a blast furnace 3, a dust removing device 4, a booster fan 5, CO2Separation unit 6, CO2Compressor 7, CO2 A storage tank 8, a CO storage tank 9, and a valve assembly, etc. The working flow is as follows, oxygen and CO are obtained by the oxygen production plant 12CO recycled from tank 82Mixing according to a certain proportion, heating the mixed gas to 1000-1300 ℃ through a hot blast furnace 2, spraying in CO from the bottom of a blast furnace 32And reducing the oxygen with carbon in the furnace to generate CO, and further reducing the iron ore to obtain iron. The blast furnace tail gas at the outlet is cooled after being dedusted by the dedusting equipment 4, and then enters CO after being supercharged by the supercharging equipment 52A separation device 6, directly returning the obtained CO gas to the blast furnace, desorbing the CO2The mixture is pressurized by a compressor and then returned to be mixed with oxygen, and redundant CO is obtained2And discharging or sealing.
The oxygen concentration range used by the invention is 80-100%, and the optimized range is 90-100%. Oxygen and separated CO2Mixing to obtain oxygen-containing mixed gas with a ratio of 30-80% CO2、20-45％O2、0-15％N2。
The claimed oxygen-containing gas mixture ratio is 30-80% CO2Circulating gas, 20-45% of O2、0-15％N2Alternatively, the product gas can be obtained directly in this concentration range using an adsorption process.
The hot blast stove 2 is a device for heating the mixer, and in order to ensure enough heat for later use, the device needs to heat the oxygen-containing mixed gas to 900-.
The blast furnace 3 is a place where iron-making reduction is performed, and the reaction performed in the furnace is as follows:
C+O2＝CO2(1)
C+CO2＝2CO (2)
2CO+O2＝2CO2(3)
direct reduction of C + FeO ═ Fe + CO (4)
Indirect reduction of CO + FeO ═ Fe + CO2(5)
CO+Fe2O3＝2FeO+CO2(6)
The reaction of the steps (1) and (2) is carried out at the bottom of the blast furnace, and the reaction equation (4) is completed by the two steps of the equations (2) and (5). CO injection2The method is favorable for promoting the C reaction to generate CO and improving the concentration of the CO, thereby being favorable for improving the reaction speed and the volume load of the blast furnace. The blast furnace operating pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa, and is especially suitable for 0.25-0.4 MPa.
The equipment 4 is dust removing equipment, and the dust content of the blast furnace gas is treated to 10mg/m3In order to meet the requirements of the subsequent separation section.
The device 5 is a booster fan, and is pressurized to 30-600Kpa on the basis of the original pressure of the blast furnace gas. The blast furnace gas needs to be cooled to below 40 ℃ by using a conventional heat exchange mode before entering the booster fan.
The device 6 is CO2Separation apparatus for carrying out CO and CO2The separation of (2) can be performed by wet CO removal2The pressure swing adsorption separation process can also be adopted. In particular, H in blast furnace gas2、CH4Enters a storage tank 9 along with CO, H2O following CO2Into the storage tank 8. The tank 8 is provided with a drainage device.
The device 9 is used as a CO storage tank, can return CO to a blast furnace, and can also output CO as a product as high-calorific-value fuel or a chemical synthesis raw material gas according to actual needs.
Further, in order to control the nitrogen content in the oxygen-containing mixed gas, a part of the separated CO can be used for combustion in a hot blast stove or used as a chemical production raw material.
In particular, the recovered CO can be utilized2The product gas is used for conveying the coal powder.
Hair brushTo clarify CO2The circulation is mixed with pure oxygen to improve the efficiency of the blast furnace, reduce the consumption of coke (or coal) and reduce CO2The technological process of discharging and improving the smelting efficiency of the blast furnace belongs to the protection scope of the invention by any modification in the technological scope. Including, but not limited to, preheating by recycling CO gas to the furnace, recycling CO gas, CO2The gas carries out rewarming heat exchange to the outlet gas of the blast furnace independently or simultaneously, and partial CO gas is used as fuel of the hot blast stove.
Example 1:
capacity of the blast furnace: 2000m3(ii) a Ordinary coal was used: 400 kg/ton iron, normal coal composition as in Table 1, 298 kg/ton iron consumed by fixed carbon. Blast furnace utilization coefficient: 2.95 ton iron/(m)3Day). The oxygen consumption is as follows: 230m3Per ton of iron, composition as in Table 2, this example reduced the Ar inert gas to N2In (1). Blast furnace gas yield: 2600Nm3Per ton of iron, the composition is given in table 3.
Table 1 common coal composition (%)
| C | H2 | N2 | O2 | S | H2O | Ash content |
| 74.5 | 4.2 | 0.4 | 3.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 16.2 |
Table 2 oxygen composition (%):
| O2 | N2(including N)2+AR) |
| 90％ | 10％ |
TABLE 3 blast furnace gas composition (%, dry gas)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.35 | 48.29 | 34.26 | 11.56 | 5.54 |
Producing each ton of iron, wherein the total amount of CO product gas after purification is 1710m3，1200m3The amount of the gas is 510m after being discharged into a blast furnace3A ton iron hot air removal furnace. The CO product gas composition is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 CO product gas composition (%)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.53 | 73.43 | 0.04 | 17.57 | 8.43 |
Producing per ton of iron, CO after purification2The total amount of product gas is 890m3，400m3The air flow is sent to a blast furnace, and the rest is 490m3And (4) discharging or sealing off. CO 22The composition of the recycle gas is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 CO2Composition of circulating gas (%, dry gas)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.01 | 0.09 | 99.85 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
Example 2:
capacity of the blast furnace: 2000m3(ii) a The coal use condition is as follows: 200kg of coking coal per ton of iron, the composition of which is shown in Table 6; 130kg of ordinary coal per ton of iron, the composition of which is shown in Table 1. The total carbon consumption was 265 kg/ton iron. Blast furnace utilization coefficient: 3.25 ton iron/(m)3Day);
TABLE 6 coking coal composition (%)
| C | H2 | N2 | O2 | S | H2O | Ash content |
| 83.8 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 14.6 |
The oxygen consumption is as follows: 190m3Per ton of iron, composition as in Table 7, this example reduced the Ar inert gas to N2In (1).
Table 7 oxygen composition (%):
| O2 | N2(including N2+ AR) |
| 99％ | 1％ |
Blast furnace gas yield: 2250Nm3Per ton of iron, composition of which is given in Table 3
TABLE 8 blast furnace gas composition (%, dry gas)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.38 | 53.16 | 38.88 | 5.43 | 2.15 |
The total amount of CO product gas after purification is 1385m for producing each ton of pig iron3，1100m3The gas amount per ton is sent to a blast furnace, wherein 285m is adopted3A heat removal air furnace.
TABLE 9 CO product gas composition (%)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.62 | 86.92 | 0.04 | 8.92 | 3.50 |
Producing per ton of pig iron, CO after purification2Total product gas amount is 865m3，415m3The rest 490m is discharged to a blast furnace3And (4) discharging or sealing off.
TABLE 10 CO2Composition of circulating gas (%)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.01 | 0.09 | 99.85 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
Example 3:
capacity of the blast furnace: 2000m3And carrying out toughening coproduction.
770kg of ordinary coal per ton of iron, the composition of which is shown in Table 1; the total carbon consumption was 574kg per ton of iron. Blast furnace utilization coefficient:2.95 ton iron/(m)3Day), 860Nm of pure CO gas as by-product3(ii) a The oxygen consumption is as follows: 380m3Per ton of iron, the composition is given in table 2. Blast furnace gas yield: 1875Nm3Per ton of iron, the composition is given in Table 11.
TABLE 11 blast furnace gas composition (%, dry gas)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.36 | 49.54 | 35.15 | 11.86 | 3.09 |
The total amount of CO product gas after purification is 1215m for producing each ton of pig iron3The composition is shown in Table 12, the pure CO yield is 858m3The gas quantity per ton can be used for chemical synthesis.
TABLE 12 CO product gas composition (%)
| CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | N2 |
| 0.55 | 76.44 | 0.03 | 18.2 | 4.77 |
Producing per ton of pig iron, CO after purification2The total amount of product gas is 660m3，420m3The gas amount of the gas is sent to a blast furnace, and the rest 225m3And (4) discharging or sealing off. In this case, CO gas is generated, so that CO discharged from the system2Obvious reduction of CO2The recycle gas composition is given in Table 5.
It is noted that the disclosed embodiments are intended to aid in further understanding of the invention, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and appended claims. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the embodiments disclosed, but the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A pseudo-pure oxygen iron-making and blast furnace gas recycling method is characterized in that in the original blast furnace iron-making process, an oxygen generator is added to obtain oxygen and CO is added2Separation of CO by separation device2With CO, and separating a part of the separated CO2Mixing with oxygen in a certain proportion, and using the oxygen-containing mixed gas as combustion-supporting gas for blast furnace ironmaking so as to prevent a large amount of N from existing in blast furnace gas2The difficulty of CO purification is reduced, and the utilization value of blast furnace gas is improved; the method comprises the following steps:
1) oxygen is prepared by an oxygen generator, the concentration of the oxygen is 80-100 percent, and CO is separated2Mixing to obtain oxygen-containing mixed gas; or the oxygen generator directly produces oxygen and CO2A mixed oxygen-containing gas mixture;
2) by using CO2Separation apparatus for CO2Separating with CO to obtain CO-rich gas and CO2Gas; part obtained by the preparation is used as CO2Recycling of recycle gas, CO2The circulating gas and oxygen are mixed to be used as oxygen-containing mixed gas for blast of the blast furnace, and the proportion of the oxygen-containing mixed gas is as follows: 30-80% CO2Circulating gas, 20-45% of O2、0-15％N2；
3) Heating the oxygen-containing mixed gas to the temperature of 900-; spraying oxygen-containing mixed gas from the bottom of the blast furnace;
4) the operating pressure for carrying out reduction ironmaking in the blast furnace is 0.2-0.6 Mpa; the dust content of the tail gas at the outlet of the blast furnace is treated to 10mg/m by using dust removing equipment3The following; cooling blast furnace gas to below 40 ℃ through heat exchange;
5) pressurizing by 30-600Kpa with booster fan based on the original pressure of blast furnace gas, and performing CO absorption or pressure swing adsorption on blast furnace gas by solution absorption or pressure swing adsorption2Separating from CO;
6) the CO concentration of the separated CO gas reaches 50-99.5%, and the CO gas can be directly returned to a blast furnace as reducing gas for blast furnace ironmaking, or used as high-calorific-value fuel, and can also be used as a chemical synthesis raw material when the CO concentration reaches more than 95%;
7) CO obtained by separation2A part is passed through CO2The pressurized gas returns to the compressor to be mixed with oxygen to recover part of CO2The gas is used as the conveying gas of coal injection, and the rest CO is2Discharging or sealing;
through the steps, the quasi-pure oxygen ironmaking and the cyclic utilization of blast furnace gas are realized, the blast furnace efficiency is improved, the coke coal consumption is reduced, and the CO is reduced2The purpose of discharging.
2. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that the required oxygen can be produced by cryogenic separation (rectification) process or by adsorption separation process (room temperature operation or high temperature operation).
3. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method of claim 1, characterized in that the CO-rich gas is prepared by solution absorption and pressure swing adsorption process separation; returning a part of the CO-rich gas as fuel gas or reducing gas to the blast furnace; part of the CO-rich gas is used for combustion of a hot blast stove or for preparing high-purity CO which is used as a chemical synthesis raw material.
4. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method of claim 1, characterized in that the recovered CO is utilized2Gas is used to transport the pulverized coal.
5. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method of claim 1, characterized in that CO2The separation device adopts a wet method to remove CO2Or CO and CO are separated by pressure swing adsorption2Separation of (4).
6. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method of claim 1, characterized in that CO and CO2The water discharging device is arranged behind the separation device to discharge water brought by raw materials and water generated by reaction in the blast furnace ironmaking process.
7. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method of claim 1, characterized in that oxygen is prepared by an oxygen generator, and the optimized range of oxygen concentration is 90-100%; the content optimization value of nitrogen in the oxygen-containing mixed gas is less than 8 percent; the oxygen-containing mixed gas is heated by a hot blast stove, and the optimized heating temperature range is 1050-.
8. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that the blast furnace operating pressure is preferably 0.2-0.6 Mpa.
9. A pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling device comprises: oxygen generating device, hot blast stove, blast furnace, dust removing equipment, supercharging equipment and CO2Separation apparatus, CO2Compressor, CO2A storage tank and dehydration device, a CO storage tank and a valve component;
the oxygen generating device is connected with the hot blast stove; the hot blast stove is connected with the blast furnace; the outlet of the blast furnace is sequentially connected with a dust removal device, a supercharging device and CO2A separation device; CO 22The outlet of the separator is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the CO storage tank, and the other path passes through the CO storage tank2Compressor and CO2The storage tanks are connected;
oxygen produced by oxygen-producing plant and recycled CO2The mixture is preheated by a hot blast stove and then is sent into a blast furnace; the blast furnace gas at the outlet of the blast furnace is sent into CO after passing through a dust removal device and a supercharging device2A separation device; CO 22CO gas at the outlet of the separation device is sent into a CO storage tank, and CO is2Channel CO2After compressor feeding CO2A storage tank;
the oxygen generating device is used for providing required oxygen; the hot blast stove is used for heating oxygen-containing mixed gas; the blast furnace is used for carrying out reduction ironmaking; the dust removal equipment is used for treating the dust content of the blast furnace gas; the booster fan is used for boosting on the basis of the original pressure of the blast furnace gas; CO 22The separation device is used for carrying out CO and CO2Separation of (1); CO 22The storage tank is used for temporarily storing CO generated by separation2Having buffering of CO2The effect of gas pressure and/or flow fluctuations; CO 22The compressor is used for mixing CO2CO in storage tank2Boosting to the pressure of blast furnace operation; the CO storage tank is used for storing CO.
10. The pseudo-pure oxygen ironmaking and blast furnace gas recycling device of claim 9, characterized in that CO2A water discharging device is arranged behind the separating device and is used for discharging water brought by raw materials and water generated by reaction in the blast furnace ironmaking process.
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