CN117268836B - Multifunctional field sampling device and sampling method based on soil detection - Google Patents
Multifunctional field sampling device and sampling method based on soil detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN117268836B CN117268836B CN202311250513.3A CN202311250513A CN117268836B CN 117268836 B CN117268836 B CN 117268836B CN 202311250513 A CN202311250513 A CN 202311250513A CN 117268836 B CN117268836 B CN 117268836B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009419 refurbishment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a field multifunctional sampling device and a sampling method based on soil detection, comprising a base, wherein one end of the base is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, an adjustable sampling structure is arranged on the supporting plate, sampling cylinders which can sample different maximum depths of the ground are connected in a driving manner with the adjustable sampling structure, a classifying and collecting structure matched with the adjustable sampling structure is arranged on the base, the classifying and collecting structure comprises a storage box which can intermittently move along the inner wall of the base for a fixed distance, a plurality of storage cavities are uniformly arranged in the storage box, the lower end of the base is provided with a trimming and backfilling structure matched with the adjustable sampling structure, and the trimming and backfilling structure comprises a first trimming blade and a second trimming blade which can move in opposite directions, so that the problems that the sampling and classifying storage in the prior art are inconvenient, and the lack of backfilling operation after soil surface trimming, the ground surface is exposed, and original geological soil is affected are effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to a field multifunctional sampling device and a sampling method based on soil detection.
Background
Soil sampling means to gather soil sample, need to repair and clear up soil surface before gathering soil, then take a sample soil according to level top-down layer by layer, at present, soil sampling device often utilizes the manual work to insert a whole root of a circle tubular structure inside soil and take a sample, and this kind of operation mode not only increases degree of labour, also can waste time, can cause the condition that is difficult to insert and is difficult to extract the pipe because of the soil property is harder more, consumes a large amount of human energy.
Moreover, the existing sampling device for soil detection can only finish one-time sampling, samples to be sampled cannot be conveniently and rapidly stored in a classified mode, sampling operations of different layers of soil cannot be simultaneously achieved, backfill operations are absent after soil surface is refurbished, and therefore the earth surface is exposed to the outside, and original geological soil is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a field multifunctional sampling device and a sampling method based on soil detection, which effectively solve the problems that sampling and classified storage are inconvenient and backfill operation is absent after soil surface is refurbished, so that the earth surface is exposed and the original geological soil is influenced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection, includes the base, the one end fixedly connected with backup pad of base is provided with adjustable sampling structure in the backup pad, and adjustable sampling structure drive is connected with the sampler barrel that can take a sample to the different maximum depths in ground, be provided with on the base with adjustable sampling structure matched with categorised collection structure, categorised collection structure is including the receiver that can follow the fixed distance of base inner wall intermittent type removal, evenly is provided with a plurality of storage cavities in the receiver, the lower extreme of base is provided with and adjustable sampling structure matched with refurbishment structure, refurbishment structure is including the first refurbishment blade and the second refurbishment blade that can move in opposite directions.
Further, adjustable sampling structure includes the motor with backup pad fixed connection, and the output of motor is provided with the carousel of rotating the connection with the backup pad, fixedly connected with gear wheel on the carousel, and gear wheel and categorised structure drive connection of collecting are provided with first slider on the carousel, first slider inner wall threaded connection has first screw rod, fixedly connected with slide pin on the first slider, fixedly connected with spacing on the base, spacing inner wall is provided with the cell pole, cell pole inner wall and slide pin sliding connection, the lower extreme fixedly connected with dead lever of cell pole, the lower extreme of dead lever is provided with the flange, the upper end of sampling tube is provided with the lower flange corresponding with the flange, the sample connection has been seted up on the sampling tube.
Further, the classifying and collecting structure further comprises a pinion meshed with the large gear, the pinion is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating rod and an arc wheel, one end of the rotating rod is provided with a second sliding column, the supporting plate is rotationally connected with a dividing wheel, the dividing wheel corresponds to the arc wheel and the sliding column respectively, the arc wheel is fixedly connected with a screw rod corresponding to the sampling port, the dividing wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second meshing gear, the second meshing gear is meshed with a second straight rack fixedly connected with the storage box, and the bottom of the storage box is fixedly connected with a first limiting block in sliding connection with the base.
Further, the refurbishment backfill structure comprises a driving assembly and an extension assembly which is in power connection with the driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a hydraulic cylinder which is fixedly connected with a base, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a second limiting block, the base is provided with a sliding plate in a sliding connection mode, two ends of the sliding plate are respectively fixedly connected with a first sliding column, the sliding plate is fixedly connected with a sliding groove block, the inner wall of the sliding groove block is in sliding connection with the second limiting block, two ends of the base are respectively fixedly connected with a limiting sliding plate, an arc-shaped groove which is in sliding connection with the first sliding column is formed in the limiting sliding plate, the upper end of the sliding plate is rotationally connected with a rotating column, the rotating column is fixedly connected with a cleaning block, and the extension assembly is arranged on the cleaning block.
Further, the extension assembly comprises a worm in rotary connection with the cleaning block, the worm is meshed with a worm wheel, the worm wheel is fixedly connected with a second screw rod, two ends of the inner wall of the cleaning block are respectively and slidably connected with a second sliding block and a third sliding block, threaded parts at two ends of the second screw rod are respectively and spirally connected with the inner walls of the second sliding block and the third sliding block, the second sliding block is fixedly connected with a first trimming blade, the third sliding block is fixedly connected with the second trimming blade, a first straight rack is arranged on the base, and a first meshing gear meshed with the first straight rack is arranged on the rotating column.
Further, the screw rod is in sliding connection with the sampling port, and the diameter of the screw rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the sampling tube.
Further, a through hole corresponding to the sampling tube is formed in the base, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than that of the sampling tube.
Further, a plurality of universal wheels are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end of the base, one end of the base is fixedly connected with a supporting frame, and a grab handle is arranged on the supporting frame.
A sampling method of a field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection comprises the following steps:
s1, moving a sampling cylinder to a region to be sampled, controlling the work of a renovation backfill structure, and renovating and cleaning the soil surface at the lower end of the sampling cylinder by utilizing the horizontal movement of a first renovating blade and a second renovating blade while rotating circumferentially;
s2, controlling the adjustable sampling structure to work according to the soil sampling requirement, adjusting the maximum depth of downward movement of the sampling tube, applying downward pressure to the sampling tube, and collecting soil in the ground into the sampling tube;
s3, after sampling is completed, the sampling tube moves upwards, the classified collection structure works, and soil samples in the sampling tube are classified and recovered into different storage cavities in the storage box;
s4, adjusting the first trimming blade and the second trimming blade to move outwards in opposite directions, controlling the trimming backfilling structure to work again, and backfilling soil at the original trimming part around the periphery by utilizing the reverse circumferential rotation of the first trimming blade and the second trimming blade and the horizontal movement of the first trimming blade and the second trimming blade, wherein the rotation range of the first trimming blade and the second trimming blade is enlarged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, by arranging the adjustable sampling structure, the maximum distance of the upward and downward movement of the groove rod can be adjusted by changing the distance between the sliding pin and the circle center of the turntable according to soil sampling requirements, so that the maximum downward movement depth of the sampling tube is controlled, and soil with different maximum depths is sampled.
2. According to the invention, the classifying and sample collecting structure is arranged, the storage box is intermittently driven to move for a fixed distance under the limit of the first limiting block, different storage cavities in the storage box are replaced, soil samples in different soil depths are conveniently stored by using the different storage cavities, and meanwhile, the spiral rod is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the arc wheel, so that the spiral rod can continuously take out the samples in the sampling tube into the storage box.
3. The invention is characterized in that a first trimming blade and a second trimming blade at the lower end of a cleaning block are contacted with the soil surface after being moved downwards by arranging a trimming backfilling structure, the soil surface is trimmed and cleaned by the first trimming blade and the second trimming blade, the first trimming blade and the second trimming blade are controlled to move towards two opposite ends, the rotation range of the first trimming blade and the second trimming blade is enlarged, and the soil of the original trimming part around is backfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an adjustable sampling structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sampling tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sorting and collecting structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a screw structure according to the present invention
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the engagement structure of the index wheel and the arcuate wheel of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the screw and the sampling tube of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a refurbishment backfill structure of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a first rack bar of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the extension assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a driving assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial view of area A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a base, 2, universal wheels, 3, a limit slide plate, 4, a support frame, 5, a grab handle, 6, a limit frame, 7, a storage box, 8, a sampling tube, 9, a through hole, 10, a rotary table, 11, a large gear, 12, a motor, 13, a fixed rod, 14, a lower flange, 15, a groove rod, 16, a sliding pin, 17, a first sliding block, 18, a first screw rod, 19, a first handle, 20, a screw rod, 21, a storage cavity, 22, a second straight rack, 23, a first limiting block, 24, a second meshing gear, 25, an arc-shaped wheel, 26, a dividing wheel, 27, a rotary rod, 28, a hydraulic cylinder, 29, a first straight rack, 30, a slide plate, 31, a first slide column, 32, a first meshing gear, 33, a cleaning block, 34, a second screw rod, 35, a second sliding block, 36, a worm wheel, 37, a worm, 38, a second handle, 39, a first trimming blade, 40, a third sliding block, 41, a second blade, 42, a sliding groove block, 43, a second limiting block, 44, a rotating column, 45, a rotary column, a supporting plate, a 48, an arc-shaped groove, a small flange, a sampling tube, 50.
Detailed Description
1-13, including base 1, the one end fixedly connected with backup pad 50 of base 1, be provided with adjustable sampling structure on the backup pad 50, adjustable sampling structure drive is connected with can carry out the sampling tube 8 of sample to the different maximum depths in ground, be provided with on the base 1 with adjustable sampling structure matched with categorised collection structure, categorised collection structure includes receiver 7 that can follow 1 inner wall intermittent type removal fixed distance of base, evenly is provided with a plurality of containing cavities 21 in the receiver 7, the lower extreme of base 1 is provided with and adjustable sampling structure matched with refurbishment backfill structure, refurbishment structure is including the first refurbishment blade 39 that can move in opposite directions and second refurbishment blade 41.
In use, the invention moves the sampling tube 8 to the area to be sampled, controls the operation of the refurbishment backfill structure, utilizes the first refurbishment blade 39 and the second refurbishment blade 41 to horizontally move along the circumferential rotation, refurbishes and cleans the soil surface at the lower end of the sampling tube 8, controls the adjustable sampling structure operation according to the soil sampling requirement, adjusts the maximum depth of the downward movement of the sampling tube 8, applies downward pressure to the sampling tube 8, collects the soil in the ground into the sampling tube 8, after the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 8 moves upwards, sorts the collected structure operation, sorts the soil sample in the sampling tube 8 into different accommodating chambers 21 in the accommodating box 7, adjusts the first refurbishment blade 39 and the second refurbishment blade 41 to oppositely move outwards, and controls the refurbishment structure operation again, and utilizes the reverse circumferential rotation of the first refurbishment blade 39 and the second refurbishment blade 41 to horizontally move along the circumferential rotation, and backfill the soil at the original position around the circumference due to the increase of the rotation range of the first refurbishment blade 39 and the second refurbishment blade 41.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the adjustable sampling structure comprises a motor 12 fixedly connected with a supporting plate 50, the output end of the motor 12 is provided with a rotary table 10 rotatably connected with the supporting plate 50, a large gear 11 is fixedly connected to the rotary table 10, the large gear 11 is in driving connection with a classifying collection structure, a first sliding block 17 is arranged on the rotary table 10, a first screw 18 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the first sliding block 17, a sliding pin 16 is fixedly connected to the first sliding block 17, a limiting frame 6 is fixedly connected to the base 1, a groove rod 15 is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting frame 6, the inner wall of the groove rod 15 is in sliding connection with the sliding pin 16, the lower end of the groove rod 15 is fixedly connected with a fixing rod 13, an upper flange 48 is arranged at the lower end of the fixing rod 13, a lower flange 14 corresponding to the upper flange 48 is arranged at the upper end of the sampling tube 8, and a sampling port 47 is formed in the sampling tube 8.
Preferably, according to the soil sampling requirement, the maximum depth of the downward movement of the sampling tube 8 is controlled, one end of the first screw rod 18 is provided with a first handle 19, the first screw rod 18 is driven to rotate through the first handle 19, the first sliding block 17 is driven to slide in the process of rotating the first screw rod 18, the distance between the sliding pin 16 on the first sliding block 17 and the circle center of the rotary table 10 is adjusted, the output end of the motor 12 drives the rotary table 10 to rotate when the motor 12 works, the maximum distance between the sliding pin 16 and the circle center of the rotary table 10, which can be adjusted, is changed due to the fact that the sliding pin 16 rotates along with the rotary table 10, the distance between the sliding pin 16 and the circle center of the rotary table 10 can be adjusted, the fixed rod 13 is driven to move downwards when the grooved rod 15 moves downwards, the fixed rod 13 and the sampling tube 8 are connected in a detachable mode through the upper flange 48 and the lower flange 14, the maintenance and replacement of the sampling tube 8 are facilitated, the fixed rod 13 is driven to move downwards into soil when the sampling tube 8 is driven to be hollow, and the soil samples can be collected in the sampling tube 8 due to damp in the soil, and after the soil samples move up to the upper end of the sampling tube 8, the soil samples are stopped and collected through the sampling hole 47.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5-7, the sorting and collecting structure further comprises a pinion 49 meshed with the large gear 11, the pinion 49 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating rod 27 and an arc wheel 25, one end of the rotating rod 27 is provided with a sliding column, the supporting plate 50 is rotatably connected with an indexing wheel 26, the indexing wheel 26 is respectively corresponding to the arc wheel 25 and a second sliding column 45, the arc wheel 25 is fixedly connected with a spiral rod 20 corresponding to the sampling port 47, the indexing wheel 26 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second meshing gear 24, the second meshing gear 24 is meshed with a second straight rack 22 fixedly connected with the storage box 7, and the bottom of the storage box 7 is fixedly connected with a first limiting block 23 in sliding connection with the base 1.
Preferably, the turntable 10 drives the large gear 11 to rotate when rotating, the large gear 11 drives the small gear 49 to rotate, the small gear 49 drives the rotating rod 27 and the arc wheel 25 to rotate in the rotating process, the rotating rod 27 drives the second sliding column 45 to rotate along with the arc wheel 25 to drive the dividing wheel 26 to intermittently rotate by a quarter circle, the dividing wheel 26 drives the second meshing gear 24 to rotate in the rotating process, the second meshing gear 24 is meshed with the second straight rack 22 when rotating, and then the storage box 7 is intermittently driven to move for a fixed distance under the limit of the first limiting block 23, different storage cavities 21 in the storage box 7 are replaced, soil samples in different depths of soil are conveniently stored by using the different storage cavities 21, and meanwhile, the spiral rod 20 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the arc wheel 25, so that the samples in the sampling cylinder 8 can be continuously taken out into the storage box 7.
As shown in fig. 9-12, the refurbishment and backfill structure comprises a driving component and an extension component in power connection with the driving component, the driving component comprises a hydraulic cylinder 28 fixedly connected with a base 1, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 28 is fixedly connected with a second limiting block 43, a sliding plate 30 is slidingly connected with the base 1, two ends of the sliding plate 30 are respectively fixedly connected with a first sliding column 31, a sliding groove block 42 is fixedly connected with the sliding plate 30, the inner wall of the sliding groove block 42 is slidingly connected with the second limiting block 43, two ends of the base 1 are respectively fixedly connected with a limiting sliding plate 3, an arc-shaped groove 46 in sliding connection with the first sliding column 31 is formed in the limiting sliding plate 3, a rotating column 44 is rotationally connected with the upper end of the sliding plate 30, a cleaning block 33 is fixedly connected with the rotating column 44, and the extension component is arranged on the cleaning block 33.
Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder 28 works, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the sliding plate 30 to move through the second limiting block 43 and the sliding groove block 42, the first sliding columns 31 at two ends are driven to slide along the arc grooves 46 on the inner wall of the limiting sliding plate 3 in the moving process of the sliding plate 30, and the arc grooves 46 are in a shape of ascending from beginning to end, so that the hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the sliding plate 30 to move downwards under the action of the first sliding columns 31 and then move horizontally, the sliding plate 30 drives the cleaning block 33 to move downwards firstly and then move horizontally through the rotating column 44, and then the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 at the lower end of the cleaning block 33 are driven to contact with the soil surface after moving downwards, and then the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 are utilized to trim and clean the soil surface.
As shown in fig. 11, the extension assembly comprises a worm 37 rotatably connected with the cleaning block 33, the worm 37 is meshed with a worm wheel 36, the worm wheel 36 is fixedly connected with a second screw 34, two ends of the inner wall of the cleaning block 33 are respectively and slidably connected with a second slide block 35 and a third slide block 40, threaded parts at two ends of the second screw 34 are respectively and spirally connected with the inner walls of the second slide block 35 and the third slide block 40, the second slide block 35 is fixedly connected with a first trimming blade 39, the third slide block 40 is fixedly connected with a second trimming blade 41, a first straight rack 29 is arranged on the base 1, and a first meshing gear 32 meshed with the first straight rack 29 is arranged on a rotating column 44.
Preferably, when the sliding plate 30 drives the cleaning block 33 to move horizontally, the first engaging wheel on the rotating post 44 is driven to move, the first engaging wheel is meshed with the first rack 29 in the moving process of the first engaging wheel, so as to drive the rotating post 44 on the sliding plate 30 to rotate, the rotating post 44 drives the cleaning block 33 to rotate in the rotating process, therefore, the cleaning block 33 drives the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 to move horizontally and rotate circumferentially, the earth surface soil is trimmed and cleaned, when the soil is required to be backfilled, one end of the worm 37 is provided with the second handle 38, the worm 37 is driven to rotate by the second handle 38, the worm wheel 36 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the worm 37, the second screw 34 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the worm wheel 36, the threaded parts at two ends of the second screw 34 drive the second slider 35 and the third slider 40 to move oppositely, so as to control the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 to move oppositely, the rotating range of the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 is enlarged, and the surrounding original soil is backfilled.
As shown in FIG. 8, the screw rod 20 and the sampling port 47 are slidably connected, and the diameter of the screw rod 20 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sampling tube 8.
Preferably, the screw rod 20 rotates the in-process and can take out the soil sample in the sampling tube 8 by the sampling port 47, and the in-process that the sampling tube 8 moved up can discharge the soil sample of different positions in the sampling tube 8, and then take a sample to the ground soil of different degree of depth.
As shown in fig. 1, a through hole 9 corresponding to the sampling tube 8 is formed in the base 1, and the diameter of the through hole 9 is larger than that of the sampling tube 8.
Preferably, the sampling tube 8 can move downwards through the through hole 9 to sample the ground.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, two sides of the lower end of the base 1 are respectively provided with a plurality of universal wheels 2, one end of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a support frame 4, and a grab handle 5 is arranged on the support frame 4.
Preferably, the universal wheel 2 is convenient for the removal of this device, and support frame 4 plays the effect of support to grab handle 5, is convenient for promote this device through grab handle 5 and removes, changes the sampling position of sampling tube 8.
The working process of the invention is as follows: when the invention is used, the sampling tube 8 is moved to the area to be sampled, the hydraulic cylinder 28 works, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the sliding plate 30 to move through the second limiting block 43 and the sliding groove block 42, the first sliding columns 31 at the two ends are driven to slide along the arc grooves 46 on the inner wall of the limiting sliding plate 3 in the moving process of the sliding plate 30, the arc grooves 46 are in a shape of descending first and ascending second, the hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the sliding plate 30 to move downwards under the action of the first sliding columns 31 in the moving process, the sliding plate 30 drives the cleaning block 33 to move downwards through the rotating column 44 and then move horizontally, the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 at the lower end of the cleaning block 33 are driven to contact with the soil surface after moving downwards, the first meshing wheel on the rotating column 44 is driven to move in the moving process of the sliding plate 30 driving the cleaning block 33 horizontally, the first meshing wheel is meshed with the first straight rack 29 in the moving process of the first meshing wheel, so that a rotating column 44 on the sliding plate 30 is driven to rotate, the cleaning block 33 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the rotating column 44, therefore, the cleaning block 33 drives the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 to horizontally move and circumferentially rotate, the earth surface soil is trimmed and cleaned, when the soil needs to be backfilled, one end of the worm 37 is provided with a second handle 38, the worm 37 is driven to rotate by the second handle 38, the worm 36 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the worm 37, the second screw 34 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the worm 36, the threaded parts at two ends of the second screw 34 respectively drive the second sliding block 35 and the third sliding block 40 to oppositely move, and further the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 are controlled to oppositely move towards two ends, the rotation range of the first truing blade 39 and the second truing blade 41 is increased, and the soil in the original peripheral truing site is backfilled.
According to the soil sampling needs, the maximum depth of the downward movement of the sampling tube 8 is controlled, one end of the first screw rod 18 is provided with a first handle 19, the first screw rod 18 is driven to rotate through the first handle 19, the first sliding block 17 is driven to slide in the process of rotating the first screw rod 18, the distance between the sliding pin 16 on the first sliding block 17 and the circle center of the rotary table 10 is adjusted, the output end of the motor 12 drives the rotary table 10 to rotate when the motor 12 works, the sliding pin 16 rotates circumferentially along with the rotary table 10, the maximum distance between the sliding pin 16 and the circle center of the rotary table 10, which can adjust the up-and-down movement of the grooved bar 15, the grooved bar 15 drives the fixed bar 13 to move downwards when moving downwards, the fixed bar 13 and the sampling tube 8 are connected detachably through the upper flange 48 and the lower flange 14, the maintenance and replacement of the sampling tube 8 are facilitated, the fixed bar 13 is driven to move downwards into the soil when moving downwards, and the sampling tube 8 is hollow because the sampling tube 8 is moist in the soil, the soil sample can be in the sampling tube 8, and the stagnation is moved to the upper end of the ground along with the movement of the sampling tube 8.
Meanwhile, when the rotary table 10 rotates, the large gear 11 is driven to rotate, the large gear 11 drives the small gear 49 to rotate, the small gear 49 drives the rotary rod 27 and the arc wheel 25 to rotate in the rotating process, the rotary rod 27 drives the second sliding column 45 to rotate along with the arc wheel 25 to drive the dividing wheel 26 to intermittently rotate by one quarter of the circumference, the dividing wheel 26 drives the second meshing gear 24 to rotate in the rotating process, the second meshing gear 24 is meshed with the second straight rack 22 in the rotating process, the storage box 7 is intermittently driven to move for a fixed distance under the limit of the first limiting block 23, different storage cavities 21 in the storage box 7 are replaced, soil samples in different soil depths are conveniently stored by using the different storage cavities 21, and meanwhile, the spiral rod 20 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the arc wheel 25, and the spiral rod 20 can continuously take samples in the sampling cylinder 8 out of the storage box 7.
When soil needs to be backfilled, one end of the worm 37 is provided with a second handle 38, the worm 37 is driven to rotate through the second handle 38, the worm wheel 36 is driven to rotate in the process of rotating the worm 37, the second screw 34 is driven to rotate in the process of rotating the worm wheel 36, the threaded parts at two ends of the second screw 34 respectively drive the second slide block 35 and the third slide block 40 to move in opposite directions, and further the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 are controlled to move in opposite directions, so that the rotation range of the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 is enlarged, and the soil at the original trimming part around is backfilled.
A sampling method of a field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, moving a sampling cylinder 8 to a region to be sampled, driving a cleaning block 33 to move downwards through a rotary column 44 by a sliding plate 30, then horizontally moving, further driving a first trimming blade 39 and a second trimming blade 41 at the lower end of the cleaning block 33 to contact with the soil surface after moving downwards, driving the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 on the cleaning block 33 to horizontally move while rotating circumferentially through the sliding plate 30, and trimming and cleaning the soil surface at the lower end of the sampling cylinder 8;
s2, according to the soil sampling requirement, when the motor 12 works, the output end of the motor 12 drives the rotary table 10 to rotate, as the sliding pin 16 rotates along with the rotary table 10 in a circumferential manner, the maximum distance of the sliding pin 16, which is the distance between the center of the rotary table 10, and the adjustable slot rod 15 moves up and down is changed, when the slot rod 15 moves down, the fixed rod 13 and the sampling tube 8 are driven to move down, the fixed rod 13 and the sampling tube 8 are detachably connected through the upper flange 48 and the lower flange 14, so that the sampling tube 8 is convenient to maintain and replace, when the fixed rod 13 moves down, the sampling tube 8 is driven to move down into soil, and because the sampling tube 8 is hollow and the soil is moist, a soil sample can be stagnated in the sampling tube 8;
s3, the storage box 7 moves for a fixed distance under the limit of the first limiting block 23, different storage cavities 21 in the storage box 7 are replaced, soil samples in different soil depths are conveniently stored by using the different storage cavities 21, meanwhile, the screw rod 20 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the arc wheel 25, and the screw rod 20 can continuously take out the samples in the sampling tube 8 into the storage box 7;
s4, adjusting the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 to move outwards in opposite directions, controlling the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 to move horizontally in opposite directions while rotating circumferentially, and backfilling soil of the original trimming part around the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41 due to the increase of the rotation range of the first trimming blade 39 and the second trimming blade 41.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection, includes base (1), its characterized in that: one end of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a supporting plate (50), an adjustable sampling structure is arranged on the supporting plate (50), a sampling tube (8) capable of sampling different maximum depths of the ground is connected to the adjustable sampling structure in a driving mode, a classification collecting structure matched with the adjustable sampling structure is arranged on the base (1), the classification collecting structure comprises a storage box (7) capable of intermittently moving along the inner wall of the base (1) for a fixed distance, a plurality of storage cavities (21) are uniformly arranged in the storage box (7), a refurbishment structure matched with the adjustable sampling structure is arranged at the lower end of the base (1), and the refurbishment structure comprises a first refurbishment blade (39) and a second refurbishment blade (41) capable of moving in opposite directions;
the adjustable sampling structure comprises a motor (12) fixedly connected with a supporting plate (50), the output end of the motor (12) is provided with a rotary table (10) rotationally connected with the supporting plate (50), a large gear (11) is fixedly connected to the rotary table (10), the large gear (11) is connected with a classified collection structure in a driving mode, a first sliding block (17) is arranged on the rotary table (10), a first screw (18) is connected to the inner wall of the first sliding block (17) in a threaded mode, a sliding pin (16) is fixedly connected to the first sliding block (17), a limiting frame (6) is fixedly connected to the base (1), a groove rod (15) is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting frame (6), the inner wall of the groove rod (15) is in sliding connection with the sliding pin (16), a fixed rod (13) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the groove rod (15), an upper flange (48) is arranged at the lower end of the fixed rod (13), a lower flange (14) corresponding to the upper flange (48) is arranged at the upper end of a sampling tube (8), and a sampling port (47) is formed in the sampling tube (8).
The classifying and collecting structure further comprises a pinion (49) meshed with the large gear (11), the pinion (49) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating rod (27) and an arc-shaped wheel (25), one end of the rotating rod (27) is provided with a sliding column, the supporting plate (50) is rotatably connected with an indexing wheel (26), the indexing wheel (26) is respectively corresponding to the arc-shaped wheel (25) and a second sliding column (45), the arc-shaped wheel (25) is fixedly connected with a spiral rod (20) corresponding to the sampling port (47), the indexing wheel (26) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second meshing gear (24), the second meshing gear (24) is meshed with a second straight rack (22) fixedly connected with the storage box (7), and the bottom of the storage box (7) is fixedly connected with a first limiting block (23) which is in sliding connection with the base (1);
the refurbishment backfill structure comprises a driving assembly and an extension assembly which is in power connection with the driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a hydraulic cylinder (28) which is fixedly connected with a base (1), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (28) is fixedly connected with a second limiting block (43), a sliding plate (30) is connected to the base (1) in a sliding manner, two ends of the sliding plate (30) are respectively fixedly connected with a first sliding column (31), a sliding groove block (42) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (30), the inner wall of the sliding groove block (42) is in sliding connection with the second limiting block (43), two ends of the base (1) are respectively fixedly connected with a limiting sliding plate (3), an arc groove (46) which is in sliding connection with the first sliding column (31) is formed in the limiting sliding plate (3), a rotating column (44) is connected to the upper end of the sliding plate (30), a cleaning block (33) is fixedly connected to the rotating column (44), and the extension assembly is arranged on the cleaning block (33);
the extension assembly comprises a worm (37) which is rotationally connected with the cleaning block (33), the worm (37) is meshed with a worm wheel (36), the worm wheel (36) is fixedly connected with a second screw rod (34), two ends of the inner wall of the cleaning block (33) are respectively and slidably connected with a second sliding block (35) and a third sliding block (40), threaded parts at two ends of the second screw rod (34) are respectively and spirally connected with the inner wall of the second sliding block (35) and the inner wall of the third sliding block (40), the second sliding block (35) is fixedly connected with a first trimming blade (39), the third sliding block (40) is fixedly connected with a second trimming blade (41), a first straight rack (29) is arranged on the base (1), and a first meshing gear (32) which is meshed with the first straight rack (29) is arranged on the rotating column (44).
2. The field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: the screw rod (20) is in sliding connection with the sampling port (47), and the diameter of the screw rod (20) is smaller than the inner diameter of the sampling tube (8).
3. The field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: the base (1) is provided with a through hole (9) corresponding to the sampling tube (8), and the diameter of the through hole (9) is larger than that of the sampling tube (8).
4. The field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: the novel multifunctional electric bicycle is characterized in that a plurality of universal wheels (2) are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end of the base (1), one end of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a supporting frame (4), and a grab handle (5) is arranged on the supporting frame (4).
5. The sampling method of a field multifunctional sampling device based on soil detection according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, moving a sampling cylinder (8) to a region to be sampled, controlling a renovation backfill structure to work, and renovating and cleaning the soil surface at the lower end of the sampling cylinder (8) by utilizing the horizontal movement of a first renovating blade (39) and a second renovating blade (41) while rotating circumferentially;
s2, controlling the adjustable sampling structure to work according to the soil sampling requirement, adjusting the maximum depth of downward movement of the sampling tube (8), applying downward pressure to the sampling tube (8), and collecting soil in the ground into the sampling tube (8);
s3, after sampling is completed, the sampling tube (8) moves upwards, and the classified collection structure works to classify and recycle soil samples in the sampling tube (8) into different storage chambers (21) in the storage box (7);
s4, adjusting the first trimming blade (39) and the second trimming blade (41) to move outwards in opposite directions, controlling the trimming backfilling structure to work again, and backfilling soil at the original trimming part around the periphery by utilizing the reverse circumferential rotation and horizontal movement of the first trimming blade (39) and the second trimming blade (41) and the increase of the rotation range of the first trimming blade (39) and the second trimming blade (41).
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