CN117265617A - Preparation method of barrier layer, barrier layer and niobium-three-tin superconducting wire - Google Patents
Preparation method of barrier layer, barrier layer and niobium-three-tin superconducting wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN117265617A CN117265617A CN202311524730.7A CN202311524730A CN117265617A CN 117265617 A CN117265617 A CN 117265617A CN 202311524730 A CN202311524730 A CN 202311524730A CN 117265617 A CN117265617 A CN 117265617A
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HFYPIIWISGZGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nb].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn] Chemical compound [Nb].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn] HFYPIIWISGZGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 30
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- KJSMVPYGGLPWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium tin Chemical compound [Nb].[Sn] KJSMVPYGGLPWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000657 niobium-tin Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910001029 Hf alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/02—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method of a barrier layer, the barrier layer and a niobium-three-tin superconducting wire, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: anodizing the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to form Nb on the surface of the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil 2 O 5 An oxide layer; annealing the anodized Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to obtain Nb 2 O 5 The oxide in the oxide layer is decomposed and is dissolved in the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil; and winding the annealed Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to form a cylindrical barrier layer. The barrier layer prepared by the application has the processing performance andnb is equivalent. Meanwhile, compared with a pure Nb barrier layer, the rate of generating the niobium-tin by reacting with Sn is reduced in the heat treatment process of the niobium-tin superconducting strand, so that the barrier layer with smaller thickness can effectively play a role in barrier. In addition, the size of niobium three-tin crystal grains generated by the barrier layer is greatly reduced, and the critical current density of the niobium three-tin superconducting strand can be further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a preparation method of a barrier layer, the barrier layer and a niobium-three-tin superconducting wire.
Background
Niobium trisin (Nb) 3 Sn) superconducting wire is a low-temperature practical superconducting material, and is widely used for magnet winding in the fields of large science devices, medical science and the like. Niobium trisin is a brittle material and cannot be directly drawn and formed. In the wire rod preparation process, a mode of separating niobium (Nb) from tin (Sn) is often adopted for processing. After the wire is prepared, tin diffuses into the niobium matrix during the final heat treatment to produce niobium tri-tin. In addition to niobium and tin, there is oxygen-free copper of very high purity in the niobium tri-tin strand. The oxygen-free copper has good heat conductivity and partial function of running the superconducting core wireAnd heat accidentally generated in the process is taken away, so that the heat stability of the wire is ensured. However, tin atoms are easy to diffuse into oxygen-free copper and pollute the oxygen-free copper, so that the heat conduction performance of the oxygen-free copper is drastically reduced. Therefore, a barrier layer needs to be provided at the boundary of the oxygen-free copper.
Conventional niobium tri-tin wire often uses niobium, tantalum (Ta), or an alloy of both as the barrier layer material, but each of these materials has advantages and disadvantages. Niobium, although having good workability, reacts with tin at a high rate, and is liable to cause tin leakage. Tantalum, while well guaranteeing the purity of oxygen-free copper, on the one hand has poor processability and on the other hand it hardly reacts with tin, and the extra volume occupied during the final heat treatment is completely free of niobium trisin phase formation, resulting in a loss of properties, and is not a particularly desirable barrier material.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a barrier layer, the barrier layer and a niobium-three-tin superconducting wire, which are used for solving the problem that the barrier layer and tin in the prior art react too quickly or hardly.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a barrier layer, including:
anodizing the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to form Nb on the surface of the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil 2 O 5 An oxide layer;
annealing the anodized Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to obtain Nb 2 O 5 The oxide in the oxide layer is decomposed and is dissolved in the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil;
and winding the annealed Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to form a cylindrical barrier layer.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides a barrier layer, which is prepared by adopting the method.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides a niobium three-tin superconducting wire, which comprises a copper pipe, a barrier layer and a niobium three-tin subunit, wherein the barrier layer is prepared by adopting the method.
The preparation method of the barrier layer, the barrier layer and the niobium-three-tin superconducting wire have the following advantages:
when the barrier layer reacts with tin to generate a niobium tri-tin phase, oxide particles are separated out, and the oxide particles can serve as nucleation centers of the niobium tri-tin phase and prevent crystal boundaries of the niobium tri-tin phase from merging, so that the generation rate of the niobium tri-tin phase is slowed down while niobium tri-tin crystal grains are greatly reduced. Compared with niobium and niobium alloy serving as a barrier layer, the thickness of the barrier layer can be relatively reduced, so that a barrier effect can be achieved; meanwhile, niobium three-tin grains generated by the barrier layer are fine, so that the critical current density of the wire is improved. Compared with tantalum and tantalum alloy, the method overcomes the defect that the barrier layer cannot react with tin at all, so that the barrier layer can partially generate high-quality niobium-three-tin phase, superconducting current carrying capacity is provided, and wire performance is improved. In addition, oxygen in the barrier layer of the present application exists in the niobium and niobium alloy in solid solution rather than as second phase particles, making it better in processability than tantalum and tantalum alloy barrier layers.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a barrier layer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a niobium tri-tin superconducting wire prepared by the internal tin method provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a niobium tri-tin superconducting wire prepared by the bronze method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: the three-tin-niobium alloy comprises a 1-copper pipe, a 2-barrier layer, a 3-sector-shaped niobium three-tin sub-component, a 4-semicircular niobium three-tin sub-component and a 5-hexagonal niobium three-tin sub-component.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a barrier layer according to an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a barrier layer, which comprises the following steps:
s100, performing anodic oxidation treatment on the Nb foil or the Nb alloy foil to form Nb on the surface of the Nb foil or the Nb alloy foil 2 O 5 And (5) an oxide layer.
Illustratively, the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil is cleaned prior to the anodizing process. Specifically, the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil may be cleaned by pickling.
When an Nb alloy foil is used, the Nb alloy foil is one of Nb-Hf, nb-Zr, nb-Ta-Hf and Nb-Ta-Zr.
S110, annealing the Nb foil or the Nb alloy foil after the anodic oxidation treatment to obtain Nb 2 O 5 The oxide in the oxide layer is decomposed and is solid-dissolved in the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil.
For example, the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil may be annealed in an Ar (argon) atmosphere.
And S120, winding the annealed Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to form a cylindrical barrier layer.
For example, the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil may have a rectangular structure, may be wound in a cylindrical shape by a winding tool, and may be wound in a plurality of layers.
The embodiment of the application also provides a barrier layer, which is prepared by adopting the method.
The embodiment of the application also provides a niobium-three-tin superconducting wire, which comprises a copper pipe 1, a barrier layer 2 and a niobium-three-tin subcomponent, wherein the barrier layer 2 is prepared by adopting the method.
Illustratively, the niobium tri-tin sub-component comprises a hexagonal niobium tri-tin sub-component 5, the plurality of hexagonal niobium tri-tin sub-components 5 being closely spaced within the barrier layer 2.
Further, the niobium tri-tin sub-component further comprises a sector-shaped niobium tri-tin sub-component 3 and a semicircular niobium tri-tin sub-component 4, and the plurality of sector-shaped niobium tri-tin sub-components 3 and the plurality of semicircular niobium tri-tin sub-components 4 are arranged inside the barrier layer 2.
Example 1
Step 1: after cleaning a 0.15mm thick Nb-1at.% Zr (zirconium) alloy foil by acid washing, forming a layer of Nb with a thickness of 2 μm on the surface by anodic oxidation 2 O 5 And (5) an oxide layer.
Step 2: surface-to-surface generation of Nb 2 O 5 And annealing the Nb-1at.% Zr alloy foil of the oxide layer in Ar atmosphere at 900 ℃ for 10min.
Step 3: the Nb-1at.% Zr alloy foil with oxide dissolved therein obtained in step 2 was wound into a cylinder of Φ30mm/Φ26mm using a tooling to obtain a barrier layer.
Step 4: and (3) putting the Nb rod into a porous copper ingot, welding an upper cover and a lower cover, extruding, stretching for multiple times, forming, cutting to a fixed length, and obtaining the fan-shaped niobium three-tin sub-component 3, the semicircular niobium three-tin sub-component 4 and the hexagonal niobium three-tin sub-component 5.
Step 5: bundling the niobium tri-tin sub-components obtained in the step 4 according to the arrangement mode of fig. 2, loading the bundling into the barrier layer 2 obtained in the step 3, and then loading into the copper pipe 1 made of oxygen-free copper to obtain a final blank. The inner tin method niobium three-tin superconducting strand prepared by using the barrier layer can be obtained by multi-pass drawing of the final blank, and the niobium three-tin superconducting strand can be further processed to obtain the niobium three-tin superconducting wire.
Example 2
Step 1: after cleaning a 0.15mm thick Nb-1at.% Hf (hafnium) alloy foil by pickling, an Nb layer with a thickness of 1.5 μm was formed on the surface by anodic oxidation 2 O 5 And (5) an oxide layer.
Step 2: surface-to-surface generation of Nb 2 O 5 Nb of oxide layer-1at.% Hf alloy foil is annealed in Ar atmosphere at 1100 ℃ for 1min.
Step 3: the Nb-1at.% Hf alloy foil with oxide dissolved therein obtained in step 2 was wound into a cylinder of Φ30mm/Φ26mm using a tooling to obtain a barrier layer.
Step 4: and (3) putting the Nb rod into a porous copper ingot, welding an upper cover and a lower cover, extruding, stretching for multiple times, forming, cutting to a fixed length, and obtaining the fan-shaped niobium three-tin sub-component 3, the semicircular niobium three-tin sub-component 4 and the hexagonal niobium three-tin sub-component 5.
Step 5: bundling the niobium tri-tin sub-components obtained in the step 4 according to the arrangement mode of fig. 2, loading the niobium tri-tin sub-components into the barrier layer 2 obtained in the step 3, and loading the barrier layer into the copper pipe 1 to obtain a final blank. And finally drawing the blank for multiple passes to obtain the niobium three-tin superconducting strand with the internal tin method prepared by using the barrier layer.
Example 3
Step 1: after cleaning the Nb-4at.% Ta-1at.% Hf alloy foil with the thickness of 0.2mm by pickling, forming a Nb layer with the thickness of 2 mu m on the surface by using an anodic oxidation method 2 O 5 And (5) an oxide layer.
Step 2: surface-to-surface generation of Nb 2 O 5 And (3) annealing the Nb-4at.% Ta1at.% Hf alloy foil of the oxide layer in an Ar atmosphere at 1200 ℃ for 2min.
Step 3: the Nb-4at.% Ta-1at.% Hf alloy foil with oxide dissolved therein obtained in step 2 was wound into a cylinder of Φ80mm/Φ68mm using a tooling to obtain a barrier layer.
Step 4: and (3) putting the Nb rod into a porous bronze ingot, welding an upper cover and a lower cover, extruding, stretching for multiple times, forming, cutting to a certain length, and obtaining the hexagonal niobium three-tin sub-component 5.
Step 5: and (3) carrying out hexagonal close-packed arrangement on the niobium tri-tin sub-components obtained in the step (4) according to the arrangement mode of fig. 3, loading the hexagonal close-packed niobium tri-tin sub-components into the barrier layer (2) obtained in the step (3), and loading the hexagonal close-packed niobium tri-tin sub-components into the copper pipe (1) to obtain a final blank. And finally drawing the blank in multiple passes to obtain the bronze niobium three-tin superconducting strand prepared by using the barrier layer.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A method of making a barrier layer comprising:
anodizing the Nb foil or the Nb alloy foil to form Nb on the surface of the Nb foil or the Nb alloy foil 2 O 5 An oxide layer;
annealing the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil after anodic oxidation treatment to obtain the Nb alloy foil 2 O 5 The oxide in the oxide layer is decomposed and is solid-dissolved in the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil;
and winding the annealed Nb foil or Nb alloy foil to form a cylindrical barrier layer.
2. A method of producing a barrier layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil is cleaned before the anodic oxidation treatment.
3. A method of producing a barrier layer according to claim 2, characterized in that the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil is cleaned by means of pickling.
4. A method of producing a barrier layer according to claim 1, wherein the Nb foil or Nb alloy foil is annealed in an Ar atmosphere.
5. A method of producing a barrier layer according to claim 1, wherein when the Nb alloy foil is used, the Nb alloy foil is one of Nb-Hf, nb-Zr, nb-Ta-Hf and Nb-Ta-Zr.
6. A barrier layer, characterized in that it is produced by the method according to any one of claims 1-5.
7. A niobium tri-tin superconducting wire, characterized by comprising a copper tube (1), a barrier layer (2) and a niobium tri-tin subcomponent, wherein the barrier layer (2) is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A niobium tri-tin superconducting wire as claimed in claim 7, wherein the niobium tri-tin sub-component comprises a plurality of hexagonal niobium tri-tin sub-components (5), the plurality of hexagonal niobium tri-tin sub-components (5) being closely arranged inside the barrier layer (2).
9. A niobium tri-tin superconducting wire as claimed in claim 8, wherein the niobium tri-tin sub-component further comprises a sector niobium tri-tin sub-component (3) and a semicircular niobium tri-tin sub-component (4), a plurality of the sector niobium tri-tin sub-components (3) and a plurality of the semicircular niobium tri-tin sub-components (4) being arranged inside the barrier layer (2).
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TARO MORITA ET AL.: "Impact of Ti-doping position on Nb 3 Sn layer formation in internal Sn-processed Nb 3 Sn superconducting wires", 《CRYOGENICS》, vol. 122, pages 1 - 7 * |
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