CN117260341A - Method and device for linking swash plate type tool magazine and machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for linking a swash plate type tool magazine and a machine tool, and relates to the technical field of machine tool control, wherein the method comprises the following steps: limiting the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis through a PMC control program, switching the Z axis into the control of the PMC control program, and carrying out directional control on the main shaft; controlling the Z axis to move to the original point through a PMC control program, and removing the movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis; the Z axis is controlled to move to a tool changing point along the Z direction by a PMC control program, and the swash plate type tool magazine is controlled to rotate to a target tool position so as to be used for carrying out a tool changing procedure on the machine tool and the swash plate type tool magazine, and the Z axis is controlled to move to an original point by the PMC control program after the tool changing procedure is finished; switching the Z axis to NC control program control; according to the invention, the linkage positioning of other feed shafts during tool changing is realized, the processing time is shortened, the waste of non-cutting time is effectively shortened, and the processing time is effectively shortened to improve the production efficiency.

Description

Method and device for linking swash plate type tool magazine and machine tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool control, in particular to a method and a device for linking a swash plate type tool magazine and a machine tool.

Background

The swash plate type tool magazine is mainly applied to drilling and tapping series machines, is fixed on an upright post and above a Z axis, and has the following tool changing process:

(1) positioning a main shaft and positioning a Z shaft to an origin;

(2) the Z-axis positive direction moves quickly to a tool loosening point for decelerating movement, and then moves quickly to the highest point;

(3) the cutter head rotates to a target cutter position;

(4) and quickly moving to a tool tightening point in the negative direction of the Z axis, decelerating, and then quickly moving to an original point, so that the tool changing action is completed.

Currently, a plurality of machine tool manufacturers realize tool changing actions through the combination of a PLC and a tool changing macro program, the Z axis is used as NC control and is used as a single-path control numerical control system, so that other NC programs cannot be executed in the ascending process of the Z axis and the rotating process of a cutter head, namely, the positioning of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis, the C axis and the like of a feed axis cannot be executed at the same time in the tool changing process, the tool changing must be executed after the tool changing, the machining time is wasted seriously, and the production efficiency is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a linkage method and a device of a swash plate type tool magazine and a machine tool, wherein a Z axis is switched to be controlled by a PMC control program in the tool changing process, and the up-down movement of the Z axis and the rotation of a cutter head are controlled by the PMC control program completely, so that the positioning of an X axis, a Y axis, an A axis and a C axis can be executed in the tool changing process, and after the tool changing is finished, the Z axis is switched to be controlled by an NC control program so as to execute a machining program corresponding to a subsequent NC control program.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a method for linking a swash plate type tool magazine with a machine tool, the machine tool including a spindle, an X axis, a Y axis, an a axis and a C axis, the swash plate type tool magazine being fixed on a column and above the Z axis, the swash plate type tool magazine being movable along the Z axis to push out/retract along the Y axis direction, the swash plate type tool magazine having a plurality of tool positions, the swash plate type tool magazine being rotatable to a target tool position for a tool changing process of the machine tool, the method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine with the machine tool including the steps of:

s1, limiting the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis through a PMC control program, switching the Z axis into the PMC control program control, and carrying out directional control on the main shaft;

s2, controlling the Z axis to move to an original point through a PMC control program, and removing movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis;

s3, controlling the Z axis to move to a tool changing point along the Z direction through a PMC control program, controlling the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to a target tool position so as to enable the machine tool and the swash plate type tool magazine to perform a tool changing process, and controlling the Z axis to move to an original point through the PMC control program after the tool changing process is completed;

s4, switching the Z axis into NC control program control to finish tool changing.

Preferably, in the tool changing process, the Z-axis coordinate value of the tool changing point is greater than the Z-axis coordinate value of the origin.

Preferably, the swash plate type tool magazine is controlled by a PMC control program to rotate to a target tool position.

Preferably, in the step S3, the PMC program controls the Z-axis to move and the swash plate type tool magazine is rotatable to the target tool position to move simultaneously with the NC control program controlling the positioning of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the a-axis and the C-axis.

Preferably, in the step S1, the movement of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the a-axis, and the C-axis is limited by a PMC control program, which specifically includes:

and controlling the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis to respectively connect the interlocking signals of the corresponding axes through a PMC control program so as to limit the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis.

Preferably, in the step S2, the movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the a axis, and the C axis is released, and specifically includes:

and controlling the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis to respectively disconnect the interlocking signals of the corresponding axes through a PMC control program so as to release the movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis.

Preferably, the tool changing point is a preset highest point of the origin moving upwards along the Z direction.

Preferably, before the step S1, the method further includes:

and monitoring a tool changing signal, and after receiving the tool changing signal, sequentially executing the steps S1 to S4.

Preferably, after the step S4, the method further includes:

and controlling the spindle to rotate.

Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a sloping cam type tool magazine and lathe aggregate unit, the lathe includes main shaft, X axle, Y axle, A axle and C axle, sloping cam type tool magazine is fixed on the stand and above the Z axle, sloping cam type tool magazine can follow Z axle and remove along the ejecting/moving back of Y axle direction, sloping cam type tool magazine has a plurality of tool positions, sloping cam type tool magazine can rotate to target tool position for the lathe carries out the tool changing procedure, sloping cam type tool magazine and lathe aggregate unit includes:

the first execution module is configured to limit the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis through a PMC control program, switch the Z axis into the PMC control program control, and perform directional control on the main shaft;

a second execution module configured to control the Z-axis to move to an origin by a PMC control procedure and to release movement restriction of the X-axis, Y-axis, a-axis, and C-axis;

the third execution module is configured to control the Z axis to move to a tool changing point along the Z direction through a PMC control program, control the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to a target tool position so as to enable the machine tool and the swash plate type tool magazine to perform a tool changing process, and control the Z axis to move to an original point through the PMC control program after the tool changing process is completed;

and the fourth execution module is configured to switch the Z axis into NC control program control so as to complete tool changing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that in the tool changing process, the Z axis is switched to be controlled by the PMC control program, and the up-and-down movement of the Z axis and the rotation of the cutter head are controlled by the PMC control program, so that the positioning of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis can be executed in the tool changing process, and after the tool changing is finished, the Z axis is switched to be controlled by the NC control program, so that the processing program corresponding to the follow-up NC control program can be executed, and the processing time is shortened by the linkage positioning of other feeding shafts in the tool changing process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart diagram of a method of linking a swash plate tool magazine to a machine tool according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a block diagram of the swash plate type tool magazine and machine tool linkage of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to describe the technical content, the constructional features, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made in connection with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, in the method for linking a swash plate type tool magazine and a machine tool according to the present embodiment, the machine tool includes a spindle, an X axis, a Y axis, an a axis, and a C axis, the swash plate type tool magazine is fixed on a stand column and above the Z axis, the swash plate type tool magazine can move along the Z axis to push out/retract along the Y axis direction, the swash plate type tool magazine has a plurality of tool positions, and the swash plate type tool magazine can rotate to a target tool position for the machine tool to perform a tool changing procedure, the method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool includes the following steps:

s1, limiting the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis through a PMC control program, switching the Z axis into the PMC control program control, and carrying out directional control on the main shaft;

s2, controlling the Z axis to move to an original point through a PMC control program, and removing movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis;

s3, controlling the Z axis to move to a tool changing point along the Z direction through a PMC control program, controlling the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to a target tool position so as to enable the machine tool and the swash plate type tool magazine to perform a tool changing process, and controlling the Z axis to move to an original point through the PMC control program after the tool changing process is completed;

s4, switching the Z axis into NC control program control to finish tool changing.

Preferably, in the tool changing process, the Z-axis coordinate value of the tool changing point is greater than the Z-axis coordinate value of the origin.

Preferably, the swash plate type tool magazine is controlled by a PMC control program to rotate to a target tool position.

Preferably, in the step S1, the movement of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the a-axis, and the C-axis is limited by a PMC control program, which specifically includes:

and controlling the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis to respectively connect the interlocking signals of the corresponding axes through a PMC control program so as to limit the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis.

Preferably, in the step S2, the movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the a axis, and the C axis is released, and specifically includes:

and controlling the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis to respectively disconnect the interlocking signals of the corresponding axes through a PMC control program so as to release the movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis.

Preferably, the tool changing point is a preset highest point of the origin moving upwards along the Z direction.

Preferably, before the step S1, the method further includes:

and monitoring a tool changing signal, and after receiving the tool changing signal, sequentially executing the steps S1 to S4.

Preferably, after the step S4, the method further includes:

and controlling the spindle to rotate.

In another preferred mode, in the step S3, the NC control program controls the Z-axis motion and the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to the target tool position, and the PMC control program controls the Z-axis motion and the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to the target tool position, so that the single tool changing time is basically not different, but cannot be simultaneously operated with the NC control program controlling the X-axis, Y-axis, a-axis and C-axis positioning, which results in a disadvantage of wasting the total non-cutting machining time.

The following is a comparison description of the implementation code of the present embodiment and the implementation code of the conventional tool changing method:

1. the tool changing action of the present application uses PMC control entirely:

the processing program is when the tool is changed

M06TxxG54G00X0.0Y0.0A90.0C0.0；

M03S1000; (spindle rotation)

When the first sentence is executed, the M06Txx can run and control the whole tool changing action in the PMC program, wherein the Z axis is switched to the PMC axis and is completely controlled by the running of the PMC program, and G54G00X0.0Y0.0A90.0C0.0 is executed in the NC running path at the same time, the M06Txx and the Z axis are not interfered with each other until the sentence is executed, and the NC can automatically execute the next sentence.

The conventional tool changing mode generally comprises the following processing procedures:

m06Txx; (the xx in Txx may be any number of cutter bits

G54G00X0.0Y0.0A90.0C0.0; (positioning to the machining Start point)

M03S1000; (spindle rotation)

If the machining program is changed in the traditional tool changing mode:

M06TxxG54G00X0.0Y0.0A90.0C0.0；

M03S1000; (spindle rotation)

When the first sentence is executed, G54G00X0.0Y0.0A90.0C0.0 in the first sentence is executed first, and the feed shaft is positioned. And then executing M06, wherein the M06 of the main program can call a tool changing macro program O9001 according to the system parameter setting, and the numerical control system can execute step by step according to the steps of the tool changing macro program until the tool changing action is finished.

2. The traditional tool changing mode is as follows:

the programs of the customer processing products are NC programs, and the tool changing macro programs of the machine tool manufacturer are NC programs, such as a swash plate type tool magazine tool changing macro program O9001

O9001(TOOL CHANGE PROGRAM P6071＝6)

G4.1 (preventing prereading)

I F [ #1000EQ1] GOTO999 (if the command blade number is equal to the spindle blade number)

#3003＝1

#3004＝1

G53M06 (tool changing instruction start mark)

#31＝#4003

G90G00G53P1 Z0.M19S0 (spindle oriented and Z-axis oriented to first reference point (mechanical origin))

G53P1 Z[PRM[1242]/[3]-0.3]

G53P1Z [ PRM [1242]/[3] ] (Z-axis positive direction is positioned to the third reference point)

G53G30G 91P 2Z0 (Z-axis positive direction to the second reference point, cutter head allowed rotation position)

M196 (cutterhead rotating)

G90G53P1Z [ PRM [1243]/[3] ] (Z-axis negative direction is positioned to the second reference point)

G53P1 Z[[PRM[1243]/[3]-0.4]]

G53P1Z 0 (negative Z-axis orientation to first reference point)

G#31

#3003＝0

#3004＝0

M199 (tool changing instruction end sign)

N999

M99 (tool changing macro program end, return to main program)

As can be seen from the above codes, the linkage method of the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to the embodiment has fewer steps and high efficiency compared with the traditional tool changing method, and the linkage positioning of other feed shafts during tool changing realizes shortening of processing time.

Referring to fig. 2, the invention further discloses a linkage device of a swash plate type tool magazine and a machine tool, the machine tool comprises a main shaft, an X axis, a Y axis, an a axis and a C axis, the swash plate type tool magazine is fixed on a stand column and above the Z axis, the swash plate type tool magazine can push out/retract along the Y axis direction along with the movement of the Z axis, the swash plate type tool magazine is provided with a plurality of tool positions, the swash plate type tool magazine can rotate to a target tool position for the machine tool to change tools, and the linkage device of the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool comprises:

a first execution module 10 configured to restrict movement of the X-axis, Y-axis, a-axis, and C-axis by a PMC control program, and to switch the Z-axis to PMC control program control, and to perform directional control of the spindle;

a second execution module 20 configured to control the Z-axis to move to an origin by a PMC control program and to release movement restriction of the X-axis, Y-axis, a-axis, and C-axis;

the third execution module 30 is configured to control the Z axis to move to a tool changing point along the Z direction through a PMC control program, control the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to a target tool position so as to enable the machine tool and the swash plate type tool magazine to perform a tool changing process, and control the Z axis to move to an original point through the PMC control program after the tool changing process is completed;

and a fourth execution module 40 configured to switch the Z axis to NC control program control to complete tool changing.

In combination with fig. 1 and 2, in the process of changing a tool, the Z axis is switched to be controlled by a PMC control program, and the up-and-down movement of the Z axis and the rotation of the cutter head are controlled by the PMC control program, so that the positioning of the X axis, the Y axis, the a axis and the C axis can be executed in the process of changing the tool, and after the tool is changed, the Z axis is switched to be controlled by an NC control program, so that the processing program corresponding to the subsequent NC control program is executed, and the processing time is shortened by the linkage positioning of other feeding axes during the tool changing.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, which follow, as defined in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a sloping cam type tool magazine and lathe linkage method, the lathe includes main shaft, X axle, Y axle, A axle and C axle, sloping cam type tool magazine is on the stand and in Z axle top, sloping cam type tool magazine can follow Z axle removal is along Y axle direction release/return removal, sloping cam type tool magazine has a plurality of tool positions, sloping cam type tool magazine can rotate to target tool position for the lathe carries out the tool changing process, its characterized in that, sloping cam type tool magazine and lathe linkage method includes the following steps:

s1, limiting the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis through a PMC control program, switching the Z axis into the PMC control program control, and carrying out directional control on the main shaft;

s2, controlling the Z axis to move to an original point through a PMC control program, and removing movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis;

s3, controlling the Z axis to move to a tool changing point along the Z direction through a PMC control program, controlling the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to a target tool position so as to enable the machine tool and the swash plate type tool magazine to perform a tool changing process, and controlling the Z axis to move to an original point through the PMC control program after the tool changing process is completed;

s4, switching the Z axis into NC control program control to finish tool changing.

2. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: in the tool changing process, the Z-axis coordinate value of the tool changing point is larger than the Z-axis coordinate value of the origin.

3. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: and controlling the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to a target tool position through a PMC control program.

4. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the PMC program controls the Z-axis to move and the swash plate type tool magazine is rotatable to the target tool position to move simultaneously with the NC control program controlling the positioning of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the a-axis and the C-axis.

5. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, the movement of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the a-axis, and the C-axis is limited by a PMC control program, which specifically includes:

and controlling the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis to respectively connect the interlocking signals of the corresponding axes through a PMC control program so as to limit the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis.

6. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the a axis, and the C axis is released, and specifically includes:

and controlling the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis to respectively disconnect the interlocking signals of the corresponding axes through a PMC control program so as to release the movement restriction of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis.

7. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the tool changing point is a preset highest point of the origin moving upwards along the Z direction.

8. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the step S1 further includes:

and monitoring a tool changing signal, and after receiving the tool changing signal, sequentially executing the steps S1 to S4.

9. The method for linking the swash plate type tool magazine and the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the step S4 further includes:

and controlling the spindle to rotate.

10. The utility model provides a sloping cam type tool magazine and lathe aggregate unit, the lathe includes main shaft, X axle, Y axle, A axle and C axle, on the sloping cam type tool magazine fixed stand and be in Z axle top, sloping cam type tool magazine can follow Z axle removes and push out/withdraw the removal along Y axle direction, sloping cam type tool magazine has a plurality of tool positions, sloping cam type tool magazine is rotatable to target tool position for the lathe carries out the tool changing process, its characterized in that, sloping cam type tool magazine and lathe aggregate unit includes:

the first execution module is configured to limit the movement of the X axis, the Y axis, the A axis and the C axis through a PMC control program, switch the Z axis into the PMC control program control, and perform directional control on the main shaft;

a second execution module configured to control the Z-axis to move to an origin by a PMC control procedure and to release movement restriction of the X-axis, Y-axis, a-axis, and C-axis;

the third execution module is configured to control the Z axis to move to a tool changing point along the Z direction through a PMC control program, control the swash plate type tool magazine to rotate to a target tool position so as to enable the machine tool and the swash plate type tool magazine to perform a tool changing process, and control the Z axis to move to an original point through the PMC control program after the tool changing process is completed;

and the fourth execution module is configured to switch the Z axis into NC control program control so as to complete tool changing.