CN117251952A - Optimal design method of damping structure based on multi-level graded yield damper - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimization design method of a damping structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper, which comprises the following steps: inputting a non-control damping structure model; determining the setting position and the structural optimization expectation of the damper; determining and setting algorithm program preset parameters; and respectively and independently carrying out algorithm program analysis and calculation on the small-earthquake load working conditions, the middle-earthquake load working conditions and the large-earthquake load working conditions, obtaining damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curves corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the corresponding working conditions, constructing skeleton curves of the multi-level graded yield damper according to the hysteresis curves under the three working conditions, reversely calculating the hysteresis curves of the multi-level graded yield damper through the constructed skeleton curves, and then designing the subsequent multi-level graded yield damper. Compared with the original structure, the optimized structure obtained by the optimized design method can not only exert the performance of the damper to the maximum extent, but also meet the control requirement of the displacement angle between structural layers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of damper damping structures, in particular to an optimal design method of a damping structure based on a multi-level graded yielding damper.
Background
The energy dissipation and shock absorption technology is an anti-seismic technology widely used in various countries in the world at present, is widely applied at home and abroad, and is developed into various types of dampers at present. The prior art has focused mainly on the studies on the damper arrangement positions, the kinds of dampers have focused mainly on viscous dampers and the like, and the studies on the parameters of graded yield dampers have not been done so far. Therefore, the method has the advantages that the performance of the graded yielding damper is exerted to the greatest extent for damping by applying the graded yielding damper, the damping effect of the damper is improved, meanwhile, the economy is improved, and the method is greatly helpful for structural damping in actual engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optimal design method of a shock absorption structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an optimization design method of a shock absorption structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper, which comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting an uncontrolled damping structure model into SAP2000 finite element software;
s2, determining the setting position and the structural optimization expectation of the damper;
s3, determining and setting algorithm program preset parameters;
s4, setting a small earthquake load working condition;
s5, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the small earthquake load working condition;
s6, setting a medium-vibration load working condition;
s7, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the medium-shock load working condition;
s8, setting a large earthquake load working condition;
s9, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the working condition of a large earthquake load;
s10, constructing a skeleton curve of the multi-level graded yield damper according to hysteresis curves under three working conditions;
s11, reversely calculating a hysteresis curve of the multi-level graded yield damper through the constructed skeleton curve;
s12, designing and installing the multi-level graded yield damper.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the algorithm program preset parameters include: the method comprises the steps of initial population quantity, random range intervals of population, binary coding length, seismic waves and seismic working conditions of a shock absorption structure model and structure optimization expectation.
In a preferred embodiment, the entering algorithm program performs the analysis and calculation, including the steps of:
s101, setting algorithm program initial data;
s102, randomly selecting the yield bearing capacity and the rigidity value of the fixed paired number of dampers in a preset range;
s103, inputting an initial data file;
s104, reading data of yield bearing capacity and rigidity value of the damper by using python software;
s105, modifying parameters of a damper arranged in SAP2000 software;
s106, performing operation analysis by the software SAP2000, and outputting a structure analysis result to obtain a result data file;
s107, reading result data by using matlab software, and carrying the result data into a fitness function to calculate fitness;
s108, analyzing a damping result, outputting the yield bearing capacity and yield displacement of the damper corresponding to the maximum value of the fitness in the current population, and judging whether iteration times are reached;
s109, if the iteration times are not reached, obtaining a new initial population through selection, crossing and mutation, and recycling;
and S110, if the number of the cycles is reached, ending the calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum value of the obtained fitness by algorithm program calculation.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S101, the algorithm initial data includes: algorithm iteration times, stiffness and yield bearing capacity range of the damper, genetic selectivity, genetic variation rate and genetic crossing rate.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shear force and the top layer acceleration after the optimization of the shock absorbing structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated to obtain a percentage ratio, and then the square sum root opening number is used as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein V is max Maximum value (kN) of the interlayer shear force of the optimized structure; v is the maximum interlaminar shear force (kN) of the original structure; v (V) i Layer-by-layer shear (kN) for the structure; v 2 For maximum top-layer acceleration (mm/s) of the optimized structure 2 )；v 1 Is the top layer acceleration (mm/s) of the original structure 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the fitness is a fitness function.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shear force and the top layer acceleration after the optimization of the shock absorbing structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein V is max Maximum value (kN) of the interlayer shear force of the optimized structure; v is the maximum interlaminar shear force (kN) of the original structure; v (V) i Layer-by-layer shear (kN) for the structure; v 2 For maximum top-layer acceleration (mm/s) of the optimized structure 2 )；v 1 Is the top layer acceleration (mm/s) of the original structure 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the fitness is a fitness function; alpha and beta are weighting coefficients.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer displacement angle after the optimization of the shock absorbing structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein θ max The maximum interlayer displacement angle of the optimized structure is obtained; θ is the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the original structure; fitness is a fitness function.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shear force and the top layer acceleration after the optimization of the shock absorbing structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein θ max The maximum interlayer displacement angle of the optimized structure is obtained; θ is the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the original structure; a, a max Maximum acceleration of the optimized structure; a is the maximum interlayer acceleration of the original structure; u (u) max Maximum interlayer displacement of the optimized structure; u is the maximum interlayer displacement of the original structure; alpha, beta and χ are weighting coefficients; fitness is a fitness function.
In a preferred embodiment, outputting the structure analysis result in step S106 includes: interlayer shear force, top layer acceleration, structural interlayer displacement angle, interlayer acceleration, interlayer maximum displacement, damper yield bearing capacity, damper displacement and hysteresis curves of each layer of the structure.
In a preferred embodiment, the random range interval of the population includes: the upper and lower limits of the preset rigidity of the damper are as follows: the rigidity of the damper with the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the structure reaches 25% of the maximum interlayer rigidity of the uncontrolled structure, which meets the standard requirements; the upper and lower limits of the preset bearing capacity of the damper are set as follows: 0 to 25% of the maximum interlayer shear of the structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the optimal design method, independent calculation and analysis are respectively carried out on the small-earthquake load working conditions, the middle-earthquake load working conditions and the large-earthquake load working conditions, the yield bearing capacity, the yield displacement and the hysteresis curves of the damper corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the corresponding working conditions are obtained, the skeleton curves of the multi-level graded yield damper are constructed according to the hysteresis curves under the three working conditions, the hysteresis curves of the multi-level graded yield damper are calculated reversely through the constructed skeleton curves, and then the design of the subsequent multi-level graded yield damper is carried out. Compared with the original structure, the optimized structure obtained by the optimized design method can not only exert the performance of the damper to the maximum extent, but also meet the control requirement of the displacement angle between structural layers. Under the action of earthquakes with different intensities, the damping structure optimization design method based on the multi-level graded yield damper provided by the invention has good structure vibration control effect, is suitable for being popularized and applied to other displacement type graded yield dampers, and has important reference value and engineering application value for the damping design optimization of the building structure.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an optimization design method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the analysis and calculation performed by the algorithm program according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of seismic waves of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5A is a corresponding hysteresis curve under a small shock load condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5B is a corresponding hysteresis curve under a medium shock load condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5C is a corresponding hysteresis curve under heavy shock load conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of damper yield load capacity, yield displacement output of a staged yield damper according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing interlayer displacement angle data before and after optimization design according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of interlayer acceleration data before and after optimization design according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Embodiments of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the method for optimally designing a shock absorbing structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1, inputting an uncontrolled damping structure model in SAP2000 finite element software, wherein the uncontrolled damping structure model is an original structure model without dampers.
And S2, determining the setting position and the structural optimization expectation of the damper. Specifically, including but not limited to meeting specification interlayer displacement angle limits, expectations for interlayer acceleration optimization rates, and the like.
And S3, determining and setting algorithm program preset parameters. Specifically, the algorithm program preset parameters include: the method comprises the steps of initial population quantity, random range intervals of population, binary coding length, seismic waves and seismic working conditions of a shock absorption structure model and structure optimization expectation.
And S4, setting a small earthquake load working condition.
And S5, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the small earthquake load working condition.
And S6, setting a medium-vibration load working condition.
And S7, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, a yield displacement and a hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the medium-shock load working condition.
And S8, setting a heavy shock load working condition.
And S9, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the working condition of large earthquake load.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the entering algorithm program in steps S5, S7, S9 performs analysis and calculation, and includes the following steps: step S101, setting algorithm program initial data; step S102, randomly selecting fixed pairs of damper yield bearing capacity and rigidity values in a preset range; step S103, inputting an initial data file; step S104, reading data of yield bearing capacity and rigidity value of the damper by using python software; step S105, modifying parameters of a damper set in SAP2000 software; step S106, the software SAP2000 is transmitted to perform operation analysis, data of a structural analysis result is output, and a result data file is obtained; step S107, reading result data by using matlab software, and carrying the result data into a fitness function to calculate fitness; s108, analyzing a damping result, outputting the yield bearing capacity and yield displacement of the damper corresponding to the maximum value of the fitness in the current population, and judging whether iteration times are reached; step S109, if the iteration times are not reached, obtaining a new initial population through selection, crossing and mutation, and recycling; and step S110, if the number of the circulation times is reached, ending the calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum value of the obtained fitness by the algorithm program calculation.
In step S101, the algorithm program initial data includes: algorithm iteration times, stiffness and yield bearing capacity range of the damper, genetic selectivity, genetic variation rate and genetic crossing rate.
In step S107, the fitness includes, but is not limited to, being obtained by one of the following four calculation formulas, and the fitness function may be adjusted according to the requirement:
1. and solving the percentage ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shearing force and the top layer acceleration after the shock absorption structure optimization and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure, and taking the square sum root opening number as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein V is max Maximum value (kN) of the interlayer shear force of the optimized structure; v is the maximum interlaminar shear force (kN) of the original structure; v (V) i Layer-by-layer shear (kN) for the structure; v 2 For maximum top-layer acceleration (mm/s) of the optimized structure 2 )；v 1 Is the top layer acceleration (mm/s) of the original structure 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the fitness is a fitness function.
The adaptability is calculated through the formula (1) and applied to the condition of controlling the earthquake response of the structure by comprehensively considering the optimization rate of the top layer acceleration and the maximum interlayer shearing force of the structure.
2. And calculating the percentage ratio of the absolute value of the difference value between the maximum interlayer shearing force and the top layer acceleration after the shock absorption structure optimization and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure, and then using the percentage ratio as an fitness calculation formula:
wherein V is max Maximum value (kN) of the interlayer shear force of the optimized structure; v is the maximum interlaminar shear force (kN) of the original structure; v (V) i Layer-by-layer shear (kN) for the structure; v 2 For maximum top-layer acceleration (mm/s) of the optimized structure 2 )；v 1 Is the top layer acceleration (mm/s) of the original structure 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the fitness is a fitness function; alpha and beta are weighting coefficients.
And (3) calculating the optimization rate of the fitness applied to the interlayer shearing force and the top layer acceleration under different duty ratios through a formula (2), and controlling the earthquake response.
3. And calculating the percentage ratio of the absolute value of the difference value between the maximum interlayer displacement angle after the optimization of the shock absorption structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure, and then using the percentage ratio as an fitness calculation formula:
wherein θ max The maximum interlayer displacement angle of the optimized structure is obtained; θ is the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the original structure; fitness is a fitness function.
The adaptability is calculated through the formula (3) and applied to the interlayer displacement of the structure in consideration of the displacement angle optimization rate control structure of the structure, the requirement of the standard structure displacement angle is met, and the deformation condition of the structure is controlled.
4. And calculating the percentage ratio of the absolute value of the difference value between the maximum interlayer shearing force and the top layer acceleration after the shock absorption structure optimization and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure, and then using the percentage ratio as an fitness calculation formula:
wherein θ max The maximum interlayer displacement angle of the optimized structure is obtained; θ is the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the original structure; a, a max Maximum acceleration of the optimized structure; a is the maximum interlayer acceleration of the original structure; u (u) max Maximum interlayer displacement of the optimized structure; u is the maximum interlayer displacement of the original structure; alpha, beta and χ are weighting coefficients; fitness is a fitness function.
The calculation adaptability is applied to comprehensively considering the optimization rate of the structural interlayer displacement angle, the layer angular acceleration and the interlayer maximum displacement under different duty ratios through the formula (4), so that the condition of the single objective function is avoided.
Further, the outputting the structure analysis result in step S106 includes: interlayer shear force, top layer acceleration, structural interlayer displacement angle, interlayer acceleration, interlayer maximum displacement, damper yield bearing capacity, damper displacement and hysteresis curves of each layer of the structure.
Further, the range interval of population randomness includes: the upper and lower limits of the preset rigidity of the damper are as follows: the rigidity of the damper with the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the structure reaches 25% of the maximum interlayer rigidity of the uncontrolled structure, which meets the standard requirements; the upper and lower limits of the preset bearing capacity of the damper are set as follows: 0 to 25% of the maximum interlayer shear of the structure.
And S10, constructing a skeleton curve of the multi-level graded yield damper according to hysteresis curves under three working conditions.
And S11, reversely calculating a hysteresis curve of the multi-level graded yield damper through the constructed skeleton curve.
And S12, designing and installing the multi-level graded yielding damper, thereby completing the optimal design of the damping structure.
Specifically, a skeleton curve of the graded yield damper is constructed through hysteresis curves under three working conditions, the skeleton curve has various hysteresis rules, the hysteresis rules of the graded yield damper are defined according to actual conditions, and finally the design of the graded yield damper is carried out. Design considerations and forms of staged yielding dampers include, but are not limited to, annular sleeves, clearance gaps, and the like.
Example 2
In a specific embodiment, taking a 9-layer bench-mark model as an example, an optimization design method of a shock absorption structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper is performed. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting an uncontrolled damping structure model in SAP2000 finite element software, wherein the uncontrolled damping structure model is an original structure model without dampers.
And S2, determining the setting position and the structural optimization expectation of the damper. As shown in fig. 3, 4 dampers 1 are symmetrically arranged in the X, Y direction, respectively.
And S3, determining and setting algorithm program preset parameters. Specifically, the algorithm program preset parameters include: initial population number set 20 (generally set 10-50, the larger the population number, the longer the calculation time), population random range interval from 0 to 25% of interlaminar shear and stiffness, binary coded length 15 (length determined from population random range). Earthquake working conditions: the small vibration acceleration is 70cm/s 2, the medium vibration acceleration is 200cm/s 2, the small vibration acceleration is 400cm/s 2, and the structural optimization is expected to be the interlayer displacement angle optimization rate of 30% and the interlayer acceleration optimization rate of 15% (generally stipulated).
And S4, setting a small earthquake load working condition.
And S5, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the small earthquake load working condition.
And S6, setting a medium-vibration load working condition.
And S7, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, a yield displacement and a hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the medium-shock load working condition.
And S8, setting a heavy shock load working condition.
And S9, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the working condition of large earthquake load.
The corresponding hysteresis curves under the small-earthquake, medium-earthquake and large-earthquake load working conditions are shown in fig. 5A-5C. The damper yield load capacity and yield displacement output results of the graded yield damper are shown in fig. 6.
S10, constructing a skeleton curve of the multi-level graded yield damper according to hysteresis curves under three working conditions;
s11, reversely calculating a hysteresis curve of the multi-level graded yield damper through the constructed skeleton curve;
s12, designing and installing the multi-level graded yield damper.
The entering algorithm program in the steps S5, S7 and S9 performs analysis and calculation, including: step S101, setting algorithm program initial data; step S102, randomly selecting fixed pairs of damper yield bearing capacity and rigidity values in a preset range; step S103, inputting an initial data file; step S104, reading data of yield bearing capacity and rigidity value of the damper by using python software; step S105, modifying parameters of a damper set in SAP2000 software; step S106, the software SAP2000 is transmitted to perform operation analysis, data of a structural analysis result is output, and a result data file is obtained; step S107, reading result data by using matlab software, and carrying the result data into a fitness function to calculate fitness; s108, analyzing a damping result, outputting the yield bearing capacity and yield displacement of the damper corresponding to the maximum value of the fitness in the current population, and judging whether iteration times are reached; step S109, if the iteration times are not reached, obtaining a new initial population through selection, crossing and mutation, and recycling; and step S110, if the number of the circulation times is reached, ending the calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum value of the obtained fitness by the algorithm program calculation.
Specifically, the fitness function of the present embodiment is set as follows: after the limit value of the interlayer displacement angle is met, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shearing force and the top layer acceleration after the optimization of the shock absorption structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated to be a percentage ratio to be used as an adaptability function, wherein the maximum interlayer displacement angle optimization rate is less than or equal to 30 percent, the interlayer maximum acceleration optimization rate is less than or equal to 15 percent,
the fitness calculation formula is as follows:
wherein V is max Maximum value (kN) of the interlayer shear force of the optimized structure; v is the maximum interlaminar shear force (kN) of the original structure; v (V) i Layer-by-layer shear (kN) for the structure; v 2 For maximum top-layer acceleration (mm/s) of the optimized structure 2 )；v 1 Is the top layer acceleration (mm/s) of the original structure 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the fitness is a fitness function; alpha and beta are weighting coefficients. The weighting factor in this embodiment is 1.0.
According to the analysis and calculation results, the structural interlayer displacement angle and the interlayer acceleration which are optimized by the optimization design method of the invention are effectively controlled, as shown in fig. 7-8.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An optimization design method of a damping structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting an uncontrolled damping structure model into SAP2000 finite element software;
s2, determining the setting position and the structural optimization expectation of the damper;
s3, determining and setting algorithm program preset parameters;
s4, setting a small earthquake load working condition;
s5, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the small earthquake load working condition;
s6, setting a medium-vibration load working condition;
s7, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the medium-shock load working condition;
s8, setting a large earthquake load working condition;
s9, entering an algorithm program to perform analysis and calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum adaptability under the working condition of a large earthquake load;
s10, constructing a skeleton curve of the multi-level graded yield damper according to hysteresis curves under three working conditions;
s11, reversely calculating a hysteresis curve of the multi-level graded yield damper through the constructed skeleton curve;
s12, designing and installing the multi-level graded yield damper.
2. The method for optimally designing a shock absorbing structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the algorithm program preset parameters include: the method comprises the steps of initial population quantity, random range intervals of population, binary coding length, seismic waves and seismic working conditions of a shock absorption structure model and structure optimization expectation.
3. The method for optimally designing a shock absorbing structure based on a multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 1, wherein: the entering algorithm program performs analysis and calculation and comprises the following steps:
s101, setting algorithm program initial data;
s102, randomly selecting the yield bearing capacity and the rigidity value of the fixed paired number of dampers in a preset range;
s103, inputting an initial data file;
s104, reading data of yield bearing capacity and rigidity value of the damper by using python software;
s105, modifying parameters of a damper arranged in SAP2000 software;
s106, performing operation analysis by the software SAP2000, and outputting a structure analysis result to obtain a result data file;
s107, reading result data by using matlab software, and carrying the result data into a fitness function to calculate fitness;
s108, analyzing a damping result, outputting the yield bearing capacity and yield displacement of the damper corresponding to the maximum value of the fitness in the current population, and judging whether iteration times are reached;
s109, if the iteration times are not reached, obtaining a new initial population through selection, crossing and mutation, and recycling;
and S110, if the number of the cycles is reached, ending the calculation, and outputting a damper yield bearing capacity, yield displacement and hysteresis curve corresponding to the maximum value of the obtained fitness by algorithm program calculation.
4. The optimal design method for the shock absorbing structure based on the multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S101, the algorithm program initial data includes: algorithm iteration times, stiffness and yield bearing capacity range of the damper, genetic selectivity, genetic variation rate and genetic crossing rate.
5. The optimal design method for the shock absorbing structure based on the multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shear force and the top layer acceleration after the optimization of the shock absorption structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated to obtain a percentage ratio, and then the square sum root opening number is used as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein V is max Maximum value (kN) of the interlayer shear force of the optimized structure; v is the maximum interlaminar shear force (kN) of the original structure; v (V) i Layer-by-layer shear (kN) for the structure; v 2 For maximum top-layer acceleration (mm/s) of the optimized structure 2 )；v 1 Is the top layer acceleration (mm/s) of the original structure 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the fitness is a fitness function.
6. The optimal design method for the shock absorbing structure based on the multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shear force and the top layer acceleration after the optimization of the shock absorption structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein V is max Maximum value (kN) of the interlayer shear force of the optimized structure; v is the maximum interlaminar shear force (kN) of the original structure; v (V) i Layer-by-layer shear (kN) for the structure; v 2 For maximum top-layer acceleration (mm/s) of the optimized structure 2 )；v 1 Is the top layer acceleration (mm/s) of the original structure 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the fitness is adapted toA degree function; alpha and beta are weighting coefficients.
7. The optimal design method for the shock absorbing structure based on the multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer displacement angle after the optimization of the shock absorption structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein θ max The maximum interlayer displacement angle of the optimized structure is obtained; θ is the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the original structure; fitness is a fitness function.
8. The optimal design method for the shock absorbing structure based on the multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S107, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the maximum interlayer shear force and the top layer acceleration after the optimization of the shock absorption structure and the corresponding value of the original structure to the corresponding value of the original structure is calculated as a fitness calculation formula:
wherein θ max The maximum interlayer displacement angle of the optimized structure is obtained; θ is the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the original structure; a, a max Maximum acceleration of the optimized structure; a is the maximum interlayer acceleration of the original structure; u (u) max Maximum interlayer displacement of the optimized structure; u is the maximum interlayer displacement of the original structure; alpha, beta and χ are weighting coefficients; fitness is a fitness function.
9. The optimal design method for the shock absorbing structure based on the multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the outputting of the structure analysis result in step S106 includes: interlayer shear force, top layer acceleration, structural interlayer displacement angle, interlayer acceleration, interlayer maximum displacement, damper yield bearing capacity, damper displacement and hysteresis curves of each layer of the structure.
10. The optimal design method for the shock absorbing structure based on the multi-level graded yield damper according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the random range interval of the population comprises: the upper and lower limits of the preset rigidity of the damper are as follows: the rigidity of the damper with the maximum interlayer displacement angle of the structure reaches 25% of the maximum interlayer rigidity of the uncontrolled structure, which meets the standard requirements; the upper and lower limits of the preset bearing capacity of the damper are set as follows: 0 to 25% of the maximum interlayer shear of the structure.
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