CN104102779A - Energy dissipation and shock absorption optimization design method - Google Patents
Energy dissipation and shock absorption optimization design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy dissipation and shock absorption optimization design method which is a joint optimization design method developed based on an MATLAB (matrix laboratory) genetic algorithm toolbox and an SAP2000 finite element program platform. The method includes a preprocessing part, a cycle call optimization part and a post-processing part; the cycle call optimization part is genetic algorithm optimization and anti-seismic checking calculation, and the preprocessing part is used for determining related parameters and codes and establishing an original model and initialized populations for the cycle call optimization part; the cycle call optimization part is realized through the genetic algorithm toolbox GATBX and SAP2000API function compilation, optimum individual are selected, and the post-processing part is used for extracting and processing optimization results to generate a corresponding calculation sheet. The characteristics of the genetic algorithm used in multi-objective problem optimization and a finite element program used in structural energy dissipation and shock absorption reinforcement analysis are integrated, and the method has bigger advantages than a conventional energy dissipation and shock absorption design method.
Description
Technical field
Object of the present invention relates to employing genetic algorithm to energy dissipating shock-damping structure Optimization Design, belongs to engineering structure antidetonation and energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing technical field.
Background technology
Traditional seismic hardening technology, the main anti-seismic performance that improves structure self that relies on, such as increasing member section area etc., relies on the elastic-plastic deformation of the structure seismic energy that dissipates itself.This is a kind of antidetonation countermeasure of passive passiveness, does not possess self-control and control.The anti-shock methods of this " hard anti-hard ", although guaranteed that to a certain extent in earthquake, house does not collapse, the damage that facts have proved house is but very serious.Energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing technology, as a kind of Passive Control technology in engineering damping control technology, has been started a new approach for solving the problem of traditional seismic hardening, in the seismic hardening technology of structure, is developed rapidly.Traditional energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing design, is mainly following under the prerequisite of corresponding standard, relies on finite element software to carry out repeatedly analytical calculation, finally obtains a relatively satisfactory scheme.The optimal design of energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing structure, the result that is optimized of the comparative analysis by different schemes result of calculation in limited number of times, certainly exists a large amount of repetitive works so often.The building of, complex forms more for numbers of plies such as high level, Super Highs particularly, adopt conventional structure with energy dissipation devices method, need to expend a large amount of time and efforts, and the result drawing is also the optimization in limited range, can not effectively realize the double maximization of safety benefit and economic benefits.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of GAs Toolbox GATBX based on MATLAB and the combined optimization method for designing of SAP2000 finite element program platform, for determining optimized damper distributing position, this program has fully been used for reference the function of genetic algorithm and SAP2000OAPI, the advantage that the program that realized is succinct, simple to operate, save time, result reliability is strong.
The energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing Optimization Design that the present invention proposes, described method comprises pre-treatment portion, recursive call Optimization Dept. and aftertreatment portion; Wherein:
(1) pre-treatment portion is for calculative determination topology requirement initial stiffness, additional demand damping ratio, design surrender damping force and damper position coding, set up original structure finite element model and initialization population for follow-up loop optimization, for recursive call Optimization Dept. afterwards provides original structure finite element model and demand initial stiffness, additional demand damping ratio and design surrender damping force parameter, then according to the cardinal rule of damper setting, determine damper position coding, set initial population;
(2) recursive call Optimization Dept. is divided into genetic algorithm optimization and seismic resistance calculation, genetic algorithm optimization comprises population inner loop, utilize GAs Toolbox GATBX and the establishment of SAP2000OAPI function, realize and utilize dynamic analysis module batch mode to carry out recursive call; Genetic algorithm optimization first carries out population inner loop, according to characteristic individual in population, determine, call finite element model and carry out damper effective rigidity, effective damping, initial stiffness, yield strength and post-yield stiffness than the modification of parameter, until realize the analysis of calling to all individualities in population, then according to corresponding rule, carry out screening and the heredity of population, until the individuality in population meets the condition of convergence; For meeting the condition of convergence, carry out seismic resistance calculation, if can not satisfy the demand, revise the damperparameters in finite element model, re-start genetic algorithm optimization, until meet seismic resistance calculation, obtain optimum individual;
(3) aftertreatment portion extracts the result of calculation of recursive call Optimization Dept., and optimum individual is decoded and determined the physical location of damper, then according to the requirement of calculated description, extracts corresponding data and processes, directly the result of form format.
In the present invention, described pre-treatment portion idiographic flow is as follows:
(1), according to existing < < seismic design provision in building code > > and rules thereof, determine the fresh target of providing fortification against earthquakes of original structure; Set up original structure finite element model, set seismic event, generalized displacement parameter, and original structure finite element model is analyzed;
(2) the original structure finite element model Calculation results of utilizing step (1) to set up, according to transformation, reinforce target and determine energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing structural performance level, estimate demand initial stiffness, additional demand damping ratio and design surrender damping force parameter, and in original structure finite element model, set damper effective rigidity, effective damping, initial stiffness, yield strength and post-yield stiffness and compare parameter; Adopt SAP2000OAPI function establishment damping force, the cardinal rule arranging according to damper, carries out damper position coding; According to damper position cryptoprinciple, set initialization population, determine that in population, individual amount is N.
In the present invention, recursive call Optimization Dept. idiographic flow is as follows:
(1) carry out population inner loop, read the 1st individuality in population, according to individual character, determine damperparameters; Call the original structure finite element model that pre-treatment portion sets up, revise the parameter of damper in original structure finite element model, and arrange damper according to individuality coding, save as new finite element model; New finite element model is carried out to time-history analysis, storage result of calculation; Carry out successively said process, until N in traversal population is individual;
(2) read the analysis result of population inner loop storage, calculate each individual corresponding objective function in population, according to GAs Toolbox GATBX, judge whether this population meets the condition of convergence;
(3) to not meeting the population of the condition of convergence, intersect, variation and punitive measures set up new population, repeating step (1), (2), until meet the condition of convergence;
(4) for the population that meets the condition of convergence, determine the optimum individual in population, call the new finite element model that optimum individual is corresponding, carry out the time-history analysis under large shake; If do not meet the checking computations condition under large shake, adjust parameter and the quantity of damper, revise damper effective rigidity in new finite element model, initial stiffness and yield strength parameter, then return to initialization population, re-start step (1), (2) and (3), until meet seismic resistance calculation.
In the present invention, aftertreatment portion idiographic flow is as follows:
(1), according to the principle decoding optimum individual of damper coding, determine the damper position of the corresponding model of optimum individual;
(2) when generalized displacement, the iterations that extracts optimum individual is N, the target function value of all individualities in population, carries out secondary treating, the target function value distribution plan when drawing maximum relative storey displacement angle comparison diagram, iterations and being N.
the present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, by the cycle calculations of genetic algorithm and finite element software associating, solve energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing design in the past and adopted Time-History Analysis Method to carry out tentative calculation repeatedly until the design of shock-damping structure meets the drawback of performance and economic requirement, broken through the limitation of traditional design;
2, Optimization Design is divided into three parts, makes full use of MATLAB GAs Toolbox built-in function, and programming process is simple and clear, is convenient to later stage parameter adjustment, has effectively saved the consuming time of structure optimization optimal design;
3, utilize the ultimate principle of genetic algorithm, can effectively realize the optimization of multi-objective problem, can realize the double maximization of safety effectiveness and economic benefits;
4, utilize SAP2000OAPI function, direct realization is called finite element software dynamic analysis module, has solved the problem of writing dynamic analysis program, makes calculating more efficiently, fast, reliably;
5, utilize SAP2000OAPI function, using SAP2000 dynamic analysis module as subroutine, by the system call function of master routine, realize the batch mode to model analysis, improved counting yield;
6, post-processed program, energy is extensive, batch processing optimized results, directly exports critical data, has solved the problem consuming time of post-processed mass data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of Optimization Design of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of all processing of Optimization Design of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of pre-treatment of the present invention portion;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of circulation in population of the present invention
Fig. 5 is that genetic algorithm optimization of the present invention obtains process flow diagram;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of seismic resistance calculation of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of aftertreatment of the present invention.
Embodiment
below by embodiment, further illustrate by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the method mainly forms by being divided into pre-treatment portion, recursive call Optimization Dept., aftertreatment portion three parts.Wherein recursive call Optimization Dept. is divided into genetic algorithm optimization and former and later two parts of seismic resistance calculation; Genetic algorithm optimization comprises population inner loop.
(1) pre-treatment portion, according to existing < < seismic design provision in building code > > and other rules, determines the target of providing fortification against earthquakes of original structure; And the original structure of setting up is carried out to vibration shape decomposition reaction spectrometry or time-history analysis; Then according to transformation, reinforce target and determine energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing structural performance level.
Utilize the above-mentioned original structure finite element meta-model of setting up, setting the calculation of parameter results such as seismic event estimates corresponding parameter and in model, carries out parameter setting, precompensation parameter comprises demand initial stiffness, additional demand damping ratio, design surrender damping force etc., for example, in SAP2000, need to set the damping ratio of non-linear unit.
For damper position coding, the cardinal rule arranging according to damper, to estimating the possible position coding that damper is set.Such as every layer, certain structure of supposition, set up 4 dampers or one and do not establish, have 8 layers; Adopting binary coding length is 8, and the figure place of code is 8, according to the coded sequence of floor number; If i position genic value is 1, be just illustrated in this location arrangements damper; If i position genic value is 0, is just illustrated in this position and does not arrange damper.If setting individuality is 00, be illustrated in first and second, five, six layers be respectively provided with four dampers.
Initialization population is also added up individual amount, according to the cryptoprinciple of damper position coding, at first specifies a population.Use the hypothesis on top, can specify following initial population:
Individual amount N=4 of this initial population.
Population inner loop, can adopt each individuality in if statement recursive call population.Each row vector in population represents each the individual corresponding a kind of damper position distribution situation in every generation Advanced group species.
The parameter of determining damper is position, is the process that the coding of population at individual is decoded, and determines which location arrangements damper.
(2) flow process of population inner loop relates to calling SAP2000OAPI function.The program of opening prototype structure model is as follows:
SapModel = SapObject.SapModel;
ret = SapModel.InitializeNewModel;
FileName = 'C:\API\try.sdb';
ret = SapModel.File.OpenFile(FileName);
Wherein file reading path is set according to the physical holding of the stock position of file.
According to decoding gained damper arrangement position, can in the SAP2000 model of opening, add damper in relevant position.Such as hypothesis is at i(-9 ,-6,0) and j(-3 ,-6,3) between 2, add default damper, program is as follows:
ret = SapModel.LinkObj.AddByCoord(-9,-6,0,-3,-6,3,'Name1',false,'PropName1','');
Structure is analyzed, and calls SAP00OAPI function and carries out, and program is as follows:
ret = SapModel.Analyze.RunAnalysis();
Genetic algorithm optimization relates generally to population inner loop, realizes after all individual traversals of population, utilizes the ultimate principle of genetic algorithm, to initial population intersect, the operation such as variation sets up new individuality, until meet the condition of convergence.
Objective function, guarantee optimum results meet the specifications such as existing < < seismic design provision in building code > > under the prerequisite of corresponding requirements, realize the maximization of economic benefits.Objective function can be: the relative storey displacement angle minimum value of structure maximum in whole dynamic analysis; Energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing structure need to be installed the minimum value of dissipative cell global stiffness sum.
Use the objective function of a kind of comprehensive safety and economic benefit here:
, wherein
for the maximum relative storey displacement angle of each floor,
for the global stiffness of each storey setting damper,
for number of floor levels,
for adjusting coefficient.Rigidity sum is used for weighing economy, and minimum rigidity sum has represented uses minimum energy-dissipating device just can reach optimal design requirement.
be used for adjusting the order of magnitude at global stiffness and relative storey displacement angle, showed these two weights that index is different simultaneously.
It is corresponding fitness value that fitness function is generally used for switch target functional value, for subsequent population, evolves.Fitness function and objective function have following relation:
, wherein
for fitness function,
for objective function,
objective function to be converted to the transformation factor of nonnegative value.
The objective function proposing according to upper step, proposes following fitness function:
, when objective function is that to minimize be that the better individuality of the less corresponding fitness of functional value is that fitness value is larger.
The condition of convergence, can be: having found the enough outstanding individualities that arrive that expection requires is that objective function has reached enough little or Evolution of Population to the maximum algebraically of being scheduled to.When usining the maximum algebraically of Evolution of Population as convergence criterion, can adopt while gen<MAXGEN, realize circulation.
Do not meet the condition of convergence, need to, from the filial generation of male parent individual choice, by processing such as intersection, variation, punishment, thereby set up the certain new population of individual amount.
Chooser is for there being diverse ways: roulette selection algorithm, random ergodic sampling, best reservation selection etc.; Intersection comprises: single-point intersects, 2 intersection, order intersection etc.; Variation, punitive measures also have diverse ways and form.
For example, the objective function of male parent individuality is adopted to linear distribution fitness value, then carry out roulette selection, carry out single-point and intersect to form filial generation, program is as follows:
FitnV=scaling(ObjV); SelCh=select('rws',Chrom,FitnV,GGAP);
SelCh=recombin('xovsp',SelCh,0.7);
Wherein, " scaling ", " rws ", " xovsp " are respectively as realizing by " linear distribution fitness value " in Matlab algorithm, the function that roulette wheel selection is selected, single-point intersects restructuring.
After genetic algorithm optimization finishes, determine optimum individual in population.Consider the requirement of current specifications, need to carry out the elasto-plastic time history analysis under rarely occurred earthquake effect to structure, call the model that optimum individual is corresponding, the way that can adopt rigidity to give a discount is carried out the time-history analysis under large shake.
Checking computations condition under large shake, usings elastoplasticity relative storey displacement as main standard.When not meeting large lower checking computations of shake, need to adjust parameter and the quantity of damper, revise relevant parameter in model, then return to initialization population, determine population at individual number N, re-start optimization.
(3) after recursive call Optimization Dept. finishes, carry out aftertreatment portion, first according to the principle decoding of coding, have individuality most, determine damper position, then according to the data of extracting, carry out secondary treating, the target function value distribution plan when drawing maximum relative storey displacement angle comparison diagram, iterations and being N etc.
It is in order to facilitate relevant personnel to understand and apply the invention that the above embodiments are described, and enforcement of the present invention is not only for so.Within improving and revise and all belong to protection scope of the present invention for contents such as coding, initialization population, objective function, cross selections.
Claims (4)
1. an energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing Optimization Design, is characterized in that described method comprises pre-treatment portion, recursive call Optimization Dept. and aftertreatment portion; Wherein:
(1) pre-treatment portion is for calculative determination topology requirement initial stiffness, additional demand damping ratio, design surrender damping force and damper position coding, set up original structure finite element model and initialization population for follow-up loop optimization, for recursive call Optimization Dept. afterwards provides original structure finite element model and demand initial stiffness, additional demand damping ratio and design surrender damping force parameter, then according to the cardinal rule of damper setting, determine damper position coding, set initial population;
(2) recursive call Optimization Dept. is divided into genetic algorithm optimization and seismic resistance calculation, genetic algorithm optimization comprises population inner loop, utilize GAs Toolbox GATBX and the establishment of SAP2000OAPI function, realize and utilize dynamic analysis module batch mode to carry out recursive call; Genetic algorithm optimization first carries out population inner loop, according to characteristic individual in population, determine, call finite element model and carry out damper effective rigidity, effective damping, initial stiffness, yield strength and post-yield stiffness than the modification of parameter, until realize the analysis of calling to all individualities in population, then according to corresponding rule, carry out screening and the heredity of population, until the individuality in population meets the condition of convergence; For meeting the condition of convergence, carry out seismic resistance calculation, if can not satisfy the demand, revise the damperparameters in finite element model, re-start genetic algorithm optimization, until meet seismic resistance calculation, obtain optimum individual;
(3) aftertreatment portion extracts the result of calculation of recursive call Optimization Dept., and optimum individual is decoded and determined the physical location of damper, then according to the requirement of calculated description, extracts corresponding data and processes, directly the result of form format.
2. energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing Optimization Design according to claim 1, is characterized in that described pre-treatment portion idiographic flow is as follows:
(1), according to existing < < seismic design provision in building code > > and rules thereof, determine the fresh target of providing fortification against earthquakes of original structure; Set up original structure finite element model, set seismic event, generalized displacement parameter, and original structure finite element model is analyzed;
(2) the original structure finite element model Calculation results of utilizing step (1) to set up, according to transformation, reinforce target and determine energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing structural performance level, estimate demand initial stiffness, additional demand damping ratio and design surrender damping force parameter, and in original structure finite element model, set damper effective rigidity, effective damping, initial stiffness, yield strength and post-yield stiffness and compare parameter; Adopt SAP2000OAPI function establishment damping force, the cardinal rule arranging according to damper, carries out damper position coding; According to damper position cryptoprinciple, set initialization population, determine that in population, individual amount is N.
3. energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing Optimization Design according to claim 1, is characterized in that recursive call Optimization Dept. idiographic flow is as follows:
(1) carry out population inner loop, read the 1st individuality in population, according to individual character, determine damperparameters; Call the original structure finite element model that pre-treatment portion sets up, revise the parameter of damper in original structure finite element model, and arrange damper according to individuality coding, save as new finite element model; New finite element model is carried out to time-history analysis, storage result of calculation; Carry out successively said process, until N in traversal population is individual;
(2) read the analysis result of population inner loop storage, calculate each individual corresponding objective function in population, according to GAs Toolbox GATBX, judge whether this population meets the condition of convergence;
(3) to not meeting the population of the condition of convergence, intersect, variation and punitive measures set up new population, repeating step (1), (2), until meet the condition of convergence;
(4) for the population that meets the condition of convergence, determine the optimum individual in population, call the new finite element model that optimum individual is corresponding, carry out the time-history analysis under large shake; If do not meet the checking computations condition under large shake, adjust parameter and the quantity of damper, revise damper effective rigidity in new finite element model, initial stiffness and yield strength parameter, then return to initialization population, re-start step (1), (2) and (3), until meet seismic resistance calculation.
4. energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing Optimization Design according to claim 1, is characterized in that aftertreatment portion idiographic flow is as follows:
(1), according to the principle decoding optimum individual of damper coding, determine the damper position of the corresponding model of optimum individual;
(2) when generalized displacement, the iterations that extracts optimum individual is N, the target function value of all individualities in population, carries out secondary treating, the target function value distribution plan when drawing maximum relative storey displacement angle comparison diagram, iterations and being N.
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| CN105696717A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-22 | 广东省建筑设计研究院 | Comprehensive optimizing method for energy dissipaters in energy dissipating damping structure based on target addition effective damping ratios |
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| CN109598041A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-09 | 宁波职业技术学院 | A kind of Architectural Structure Design method of additional energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing system |
| CN109933855A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-25 | 北京交通大学 | Self-resetting support construction anti-seismic performance optimization method and system based on genetic algorithm |
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| CN110765530A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-07 | 宁波工程学院 | Method for rapidly determining rigidity of swinging wall in frame-swinging wall structure |
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