CN117249158A

CN117249158A - Locking fastener that moves

Info

Publication number: CN117249158A
Application number: CN202311457736.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋建伟; 蒋易岑
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-11-03
Filing date: 2023-11-03
Publication date: 2023-12-19

Abstract

The utility model provides a locking fastener that moves, relates to fastener technical field, and it includes nut, gasket and bolt, nut and gasket cooperation and threaded connection are in the bolt, the periphery of gasket is buckled and is formed annular shirt rim, shirt rim and nut joint cooperation, terminal surface, the outer terminal surface parallel arrangement of terminal surface butt nut have many wedge teeth in the gasket. According to the invention, the wedge-shaped teeth on the end face of the gasket are tightly pressed on the surface of the workpiece to form fit so as to realize the engagement locking of the gasket and the surface of the workpiece, and then the gasket is clamped and matched with the nut so as to realize the engagement locking between the gasket and the nut, thereby preventing the nut from loosening easily, further enabling the whole fastener to be firmly connected on the workpiece, playing a firm outer sleeve role so as to achieve the effect of hardness and softness, effectively improving the reliability and stability, and forming a unique screw sleeve and pad sleeve combination anti-loosening effect.

Description

Locking fastener that moves

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fasteners, in particular to a locking fastener.

Background

Fasteners are often used to attach and secure various components in many applications, such as in the mechanical, construction, and automotive industries. Among them, bolts and nuts are one of the most common types of fasteners. However, after prolonged use, the fasteners may come loose due to shock, vibration or the effects of the working environment, which may lead to the disengagement of parts of the equipment or structure or failure.

In the current art, fastener designs commonly employed rely primarily on the high friction and pressure of the nut to provide the tightening force to maintain the connection between the components. However, due to the influence of external forces such as vibration, the fastener is easily loosened, resulting in instability and even breakage of the connecting member. Particularly under high load or high frequency operating conditions, fasteners are more prone to loosening, affecting the durability and safety of the device. As can be seen, the current technology has certain limitations in solving the fastener loosening problem. It is therefore desirable to design a loosening prevention fastener to provide more reliable fastening force and connection stability to meet the needs of various operating conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a looseness-preventing fastener with better reliability and stability.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a locking fastener that moves, includes nut, gasket and bolt, nut and gasket cooperation and threaded connection are in the bolt, the periphery of gasket is buckled and is formed annular shirt rim, shirt rim and nut joint cooperation, terminal surface, the outer terminal surface parallel arrangement of terminal surface butt nut have many wedge teeth in the gasket.

Preferably, the periphery of the bottom end of the nut is integrally formed with a flange, the inner wall surface of the skirt is provided with a plurality of locking tooth sheets at intervals, the hardness of the gasket is greater than that of the nut, and when the gasket is matched with the nut, the locking tooth sheets can be inserted into the flange to form locking.

More preferably, the bending angle of the skirt is 30 degrees, the locking teeth are formed by punching and bending the lower part of the skirt inwards, and the locking teeth incline towards the opposite direction of screwing the nut.

More preferably, the number of the nuts and the gaskets is two, wherein the upper end and the lower end of one nut are respectively matched with one gasket, and the other nut is pressed on the gasket far away from the workpiece surface.

Or, the inner peripheral surface of the skirt edge is annularly provided with a plum blossom-shaped protruding portion, the hardness of the gasket is larger than that of the nut, and when the gasket is matched with the nut, the protruding portion can be clamped on the outer peripheral surface of the nut.

More preferably, an elastic gasket is further arranged between the gasket and the nut, and one end of the nut compresses the elastic gasket in the gasket.

Compared with the prior art, the wedge-shaped teeth on the end face of the gasket are tightly pressed on the surface of the workpiece to form the fit so as to realize the engagement locking of the gasket and the surface of the workpiece, and then the gasket is matched with the nut in a clamping way so as to realize the engagement locking between the gasket and the nut, thereby preventing the nut from loosening easily, further enabling the whole fastener to be firmly connected on the workpiece, and effectively improving the reliability and stability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure in embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the gasket assembly according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the overall structure in embodiment 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the outer end face of the gasket in example 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the overall structure in embodiment 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 5 as applied to a workpiece;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of example 4 when applied to a workpiece;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the nut and washer of example 2 in a square configuration.

In the figure:

1-nut 2-gasket 3-bolt

4-wedge-shaped tooth 5-skirt 6-flange

7-locking tooth 8-bulge 9-auxiliary gasket

10-work piece 11-elastic pad.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, to which reference is made, but which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include both the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through additional features therebetween.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, an anti-loosening fastener comprises a nut 1, a gasket 2 and a bolt 3, wherein the nut 1 is matched with the gasket 2 and is in threaded connection with the bolt 3, the periphery of the gasket 2 is bent to form an annular skirt 5, the skirt 5 is matched with the nut 1 in a clamping manner, and a plurality of wedge-shaped teeth 4 are arranged on the inner end face of the gasket 2 in parallel with the end face and the outer end face of the gasket 1.

Wherein, the periphery one-piece of nut 1 bottom has flange 6, and the internal face interval of shirt rim 5 is provided with a plurality of locking tooth piece 7, and the hardness of gasket 2 is greater than the hardness of nut 1, and when gasket 2 and nut 1 joined in marriage, locking tooth piece 7 can insert in flange 6 and form the locking. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the locking teeth 7 have a hardness sufficiently high to pierce the flange 6 and insert into the flange 6, which is fully feasible in practice by tightening the nut 1 so that it is gradually pressed into the washer 2, and that the locking teeth 7 are inserted into the flange 6 in a time equivalent to the washer 2 and the nut 1 no longer rotating relative to each other, and by virtue of the engagement between the wedge teeth 4 on the outer face of the washer 2 and the face of the workpiece, the effect of preventing loosening of the nut 1 is achieved. Further, in order to ensure that the gasket 2 has sufficient hardness to be inserted into the flange 6, it may be difficult to bend the skirt 5 completely by 90 degrees due to the hard material, so that the bending angle of the skirt 5 is 30 ° for convenience of processing, the locking teeth 7 are punched and bent inward at the lower portion of the skirt 5, and the locking teeth 7 are inclined toward the opposite screwing direction of the nut 1, the locking teeth 7 may be actually formed by punching the outer wall of the lower portion of the skirt 5 inward, and only a few millimeters (i.e., the length of the locking teeth 7) is required, because the thickness of the skirt 5 itself is not large, only a little larger is shown in the drawing for clarity, but the locking teeth 7 can be snapped into the flange 6 to form locking during screwing of the fastener.

In the practical application process, if special requirements exist, for example, obvious damage cannot be caused to the workpiece, a piece of auxiliary gasket 9 can be added and placed between the gasket 2 and the nut 1 (as shown in fig. 2), a combined gasket sleeve structure is formed, the auxiliary gasket 9 needs to be consistent with the material of the workpiece, so that the force applied by the nut 1 in the screwing process can be transferred to the auxiliary gasket 9, the force directly applied to the workpiece is reduced as much as possible, and the excessive damage to the workpiece is avoided.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3, the anti-loosening fastener in this embodiment includes a nut 1, a washer 2 and a bolt 3, where the nut 1 is matched with the washer 2 and is screwed to the bolt 3, the periphery of the washer 2 is bent to form an annular skirt 5, the skirt 5 is matched with the nut 1 in a clamping manner, and a plurality of wedge-shaped teeth 4 (as shown in fig. 4) are parallel arranged on the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the washer 2, which are abutted against the end surface and the outer end surface of the nut 1. Wherein, the inner peripheral surface of shirt rim 5 is provided with plum blossom form bellying 8 in the annular, and the hardness of gasket 2 is greater than the hardness of nut 1, and when gasket 2 and nut 1 joined in marriage, bellying 8 can chucking in the outer peripheral surface of nut 1. In this embodiment, another structure is adopted in which the nut 1 is engaged with the gasket 2, and the plum blossom-shaped protruding portion 8 is annularly arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the skirt 5, so that the nut 1 does not need to be further formed into an additional flange structure, the nut 1 can be directly engaged into the protruding portion 8 of the skirt 5, and the mutual locking between the nut 1 and the gasket 2 can be realized. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the inner peripheral surface of the skirt 5 is provided with a plum blossom-shaped protrusion 8, which may be referred to as a box spanner, and the inner wall surface of the locking portion of the box spanner is also provided with such a structure for locking the object to be screwed.

To enhance the gripping effect of the boss 8, the boss 8 includes a plurality of pointed protrusions protruding toward the center of the washer 2 as shown, which makes it easier for the boss 8 to grip the nut 1. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in actual use, the nut 1 may be first snapped onto the washer 2 to form a fit, and then the integral structure may be sleeved onto the shank of the bolt 3 and further tightened to press against the workpiece surface.

It should be noted that the structure of the present embodiment can satisfy the use of the nut with various structures, for example, the nut 1 may be a nut with a circular or polygonal cross section, and after being clamped into the curved edge 5, the nut can be well clamped by the protruding portion 8.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned structure is shown only in the form of a fastener formed by a nut having a hexagonal structure, and in fact, the structure of the nut may be other shapes, such as a quadrangular nut, so that the washer 2 may be correspondingly adjusted to have a square structure according to the requirement, and the skirt 5 may be annular or two symmetrically arranged skirt as shown in fig. 8, which also has a locking effect.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 5, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that an elastic washer 11 is further provided between the washer 2 and the nut 1, and one end of the nut 1 presses the elastic washer 11 into the washer 2. The material of the elastic pad 11 may be the same as that of the workpiece 10. When the nut 1 is pressed against the elastic washer 11, the stability of the fit between the nut 1 and the washer 2 can be further improved. The state when the structure of the present embodiment is applied to the work 10 is shown in fig. 6.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 7, this embodiment is a further optimized extension based on embodiment 2, specifically, this embodiment includes a nut 1, a washer 2 and a bolt 3, the nut 1 is matched with the washer 2 and is in threaded connection with the bolt 3, the periphery of the washer 2 is bent to form an annular skirt 5, the skirt 5 is in clamping fit with the nut 1, and a plurality of wedge teeth 4 are arranged in parallel on the inner end face and the outer end face of the washer 2, which are abutted against the end face and the outer end face of the nut 1. Wherein, the inner peripheral surface of shirt rim 5 is provided with plum blossom form bellying 8 in the annular, and the hardness of gasket 2 is greater than the hardness of nut 1, and when gasket 2 and nut 1 joined in marriage, bellying 8 can chucking in the outer peripheral surface of nut 1. The number of the nuts 1 and the number of the gaskets 2 are two, the upper end and the lower end of one nut 1 are respectively matched with one gasket 2, the other nut 1 is pressed on the gasket 2 far away from the workpiece surface, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the two gaskets 2 are of uniform hexagonal structures so as to be convenient for clamping in the screwing process to apply screwing force. The combined structure of the embodiment can provide a more reliable locking effect, specifically, the double-nut fastening structure in the existing structure can be referred to, in this embodiment, a washer 2 is added between one of the nuts and the contact surface of the workpiece, and a washer 2 is added between two nuts 1, and both the two washers 2 are in clamping fit with the same nut 1, which means that the other nut 1 is pressed on the outer end surface of the washer 2 located in the middle and is meshed with the wedge teeth on the outer end surface of the washer 2, and the hardness of the washer 2 is known to be greater than that of the nut 1, so that the locking effect between the nut 1 and the washer 2 can be improved by the same way, the stability and the firmness of the nut 1 which is simultaneously clamped and matched by two washers 2 are further improved, the loosening possibility of the nut 1 is further reduced, and the whole fastener has quite reliable locking firmness. In the above structure, the washer 2 actually plays a role of a sleeve for the nut, and the thickness of the sleeve can be 0.5mm or 1mm or 2mm, and two opposite nuts can provide a better anti-loosening effect.

It should be noted that, in the anti-loosening fastener provided in each of the above embodiments, the plurality of wedge teeth 4 are disposed in parallel on the outer end surface of the gasket 2, and the function of the wedge teeth 4 may refer to the tooth-shaped structure disposed on the surface of the existing TOP-LOCK washer, and the TOP-LOCK washer is required to cooperate with the corresponding washer, so that the tooth-shaped structure is designed into a radial form, but the structure is difficult to process. In the invention, the same wedge-shaped teeth 4 are in a form of a plurality of parallel arranged, so that the number of the wedge-shaped teeth is more and simpler in the processing link, and the grains can be directly cut by machining to form reamer-type straight grooves. The reason for this is that the wedge teeth 4 are not required to be engaged with other gaskets, but can be engaged with the workpiece contact surface under the action of external force and form a tight fit with the workpiece. It is known to those skilled in the art that for many large devices and equipment, the wedge teeth 4, when engaged against the workpiece surface, produce a degree of embossing on the workpiece contact surface that is acceptable without any structural damage to the workpiece.

In addition, compared with the double-superposition self-locking washer type anti-loosening structure, the anti-loosening fastener provided by the invention has certain advantages, the possibility of workpiece damage caused by the double-superposition self-locking washer can be avoided, because the situation that the material of the washer is extruded and extruded from a gap between the fasteners can be caused relatively easily when the washer is subjected to compression force, the washer is broken or deformed, and scratches are generated on the surface of a workpiece, but only one washer is extruded by the nut, and meanwhile, the situation that the washer is extruded and broken can occur relatively more difficultly because the hardness of the washer is larger than that of the nut.

Therefore, the reamer-type straight groove structure-mounted wedge-shaped tooth 4 at the end face of the gasket 2 is completely different from the traditional Japanese Hadeloc anti-loosening gasket, the anti-loosening fastener designed by the structure is also completely different from the U.S. anti-loosening self-locking thread technology, the anti-loosening self-locking gasket is obviously different from the Germany screw anti-loosening technology and the double-stacked self-locking gasket anti-loosening technology designed by the NORD-LOCK AB company in Sweden, the defect of the anti-loosening technology in China is overcome, in addition, the gasket can be made of a plurality of common high-carbon steel materials with higher hardness or made of a relatively tough structure by using a composite material, the combined design of the gasket sleeve and the screw sleeve is equivalent to the method of providing a layer of firm outer sleeve for the nut and the gasket sleeve, so that the workpiece is better snapped, the fastener is prevented from moving, in addition, the method is more preferable, the gasket is combined into a double-nut double-thread (double-thread sleeve) form in a manner, so that the invention has better advantages of being applied to the market at home, and even better market prospect is achieved.

In order to make it easier for a person skilled in the art to understand the improvements of the present invention with respect to the prior art, some of the figures and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified, and the above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, but in addition, the present invention may be implemented in other ways, and any obvious substitution is within the scope of protection of the present invention without departing from the concept of the present technical solution.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a locking fastener that moves, includes nut (1), gasket (2) and bolt (3), nut (1) and gasket (2) cooperation and threaded connection in bolt (3), its characterized in that: the periphery of the gasket (2) is bent to form an annular skirt edge (5), the skirt edge (5) is matched with the nut (1) in a clamping mode, and a plurality of wedge-shaped teeth (4) are arranged on the inner end face of the gasket (2) in parallel against the end face and the outer end face of the nut (1).

2. A tamper-evident fastener as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the nut is characterized in that a flange (6) is integrally formed on the periphery of the bottom end of the nut (1), a plurality of locking tooth plates (7) are arranged on the inner wall surface of the skirt edge (5) at intervals, the hardness of the gasket (2) is greater than that of the nut (1), and when the gasket (2) is matched with the nut (1), the locking tooth plates (7) can be inserted into the flange (6) to form locking.

3. A tamper-evident fastener as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bending angle of the skirt edge (5) is 30 degrees, the locking tooth piece (7) is formed by punching and bending the lower part of the skirt edge (5) inwards, and the locking tooth piece (7) inclines towards the opposite screwing direction of the nut (1).

4. A tamper-evident fastener as claimed in claim 3 wherein: a secondary gasket (9) is further arranged between the gasket (2) and the nut (1), and one end of the nut (1) compresses the secondary gasket (9) in the gasket (2).

5. A tamper-evident fastener as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the number of the nuts (1) and the number of the gaskets (2) are two, one gasket (2) is respectively matched with the upper end and the lower end of one nut (1), and the other nut (1) is tightly pressed on the gasket (2) far away from the surface of the workpiece.

6. A tamper-evident fastener as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the inner peripheral surface of the skirt edge (5) is annularly provided with a plum blossom-shaped protruding portion (8), the hardness of the gasket (2) is greater than that of the nut (1), and when the gasket (2) is matched with the nut (1), the protruding portion (8) can be clamped on the outer peripheral surface of the nut (1).

7. A tamper-evident fastener as claimed in claim 6 wherein: an elastic gasket (11) is further arranged between the gasket (2) and the nut (1), and one end of the nut (1) compresses the elastic gasket (11) in the gasket (2).

8. A tamper-evident fastener as claimed in claim 6 wherein: the number of the nuts (1) and the number of the gaskets (2) are two, one gasket (2) is respectively matched with the upper end and the lower end of one nut (1), and the other nut (1) is tightly pressed on the gasket (2) far away from the surface of the workpiece.