CN117210723A - Tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy conductor material for automobile cable and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy conductor material for automobile cable and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 286
- 229910019086 Mg-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 36
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 254
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 33
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 45
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 22
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 20
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 15
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
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- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical compound [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
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- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CLDVQCMGOSGNIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel tin Chemical compound [Ni].[Sn] CLDVQCMGOSGNIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, which comprises, by mass, 0.01% -1.5% of Fe and 0.003% -0.8% of Mg+Cu; the balance of Al and impurities; the surface of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is provided with a tin plating layer. The tinned aluminum alloy conductor material for the automobile cable can be used for new energy automobile cables, greatly improves the hardness, wear resistance and toughness and oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the existing aluminum alloy material, can be directly connected with a copper terminal, can also be directly welded with nickel-plated copper or tin-plated copper fittings, and is more convenient and safer in installation mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy automobile cable preparation, relates to a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, and a preparation method and application thereof, and in particular relates to a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire for an automobile cable, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The automobile wire harness is a network main body of an automobile circuit, is a component which is formed by binding wire harnesses to form a connecting circuit after a contact terminal (connector) made of copper materials is pressed and connected with wires and cables in a crimping mode, and is a plastic-pressed insulator or an externally-added metal shell and the like, and mainly comprises wires, terminals, connectors, a sheath and the like. The automobile wire harness product belongs to a customized product, and different whole automobile manufacturers and different automobile types have different design schemes and quality standards. The automobile wire harness product belongs to automobile parts, is positioned in the midstream of the whole automobile industry chain, has the upstream industries of copper, rubber, plastic, wire rods and the like, and has the downstream mainly of the whole automobile manufacturer and partial spare part matched suppliers. With the development of automobile electronization and informatization, the automobile wire harness has a higher and higher proportion in the whole automobile.
With the continuous rising of the sales volume of automobiles, particularly the explosive type of new energy automobiles in the two years is rapidly increased, the demands of automobile wire harnesses are also greatly increased, and the market capacity of the automobile wire harnesses is rapidly increased. In the traditional automotive electronics field, the average total value of single wire harness products is about 2000 yuan, and certain high-end vehicle types are higher. The yield of the China automobile in 2021 is 2622.5 ten thousand, the market size of the wire harness product of China automobile electronics is 530 hundred million yuan according to the price estimation of a single wire harness of 2000 yuan, and the market size of the wire harness of the China automobile in 2022 reaches one hundred billion yuan.
Light weight is a main foundation for the development of future automobile harnesses. The automobile wire harness is taken as an important part of the whole automobile, accounts for 2% of the total weight of the whole automobile, and is continuously expanded along with the increase of automobile electronic equipment, and the light weight of the wire harness is more and more important for reducing the energy consumption of the single automobile. The weight ratio of the copper wires in the automobile wire harness reaches 75%, so that the automobile wire harness is a main light weight direction, and the adoption of the aluminum alloy wires is one of means for solving the problem of intolerance to relaxation. Copper progress in aluminum is slow in the range of annealed copper wires (including automotive wire harnesses) mainly because aluminum wire joints are less stable and less reliable than copper wires. The main factors affecting the connection performance of the lead are contact and corrosion resistance of an oxide film layer, wherein the problem of the oxide film is difficult to improve the connection performance by an alloying method, the compressive creep characteristic of aluminum after alloying is probably similar to that of copper, aluminum does not have weldability, and the connection problem is a key problem and is a pain point of the aluminum in the application of automobile wire harnesses.
Therefore, how to solve the above problems of the automobile wire harness and push the aluminum alloy wire to develop in the deep direction in the automobile wire harness material field has become one of the problems to be solved by many first-line researchers in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a tinned Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a tinned Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire for an automobile cable. The tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor material for the automobile wire greatly improves the hardness, wear resistance and toughness of the existing aluminum alloy conductor material, particularly the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, can be directly connected with the existing terminal for installation, solves the problem of aluminum weldability after the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor material is subjected to tin plating treatment, can be directly welded with nickel plating or tin-plated copper fittings, and is safer and more convenient for application and connection on the automobile wire; and the process is simple, the controllability is strong, the site executable is high, and the method is suitable for popularization and application of industrial mass production.
The invention provides a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Fe：0.01％～1.5％；
Mg+Cu：0.003％～0.8％；
The balance of Al and impurities;
the surface of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is provided with a tin plating layer.
Preferably, the thickness of the tin plating layer is 0.1-100 μm;
the tinning layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Cu：0.001％～3％；
Ni：0.1％～30％；
the balance being Sn and impurities.
Preferably, the tin plating layer further comprises 0.002wt% to 5wt% of Mg;
the tin plating layer also comprises 0.01 to 5 weight percent of Zn;
the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire comprises an aluminum alloy matrix, a nickel plating layer compounded on the wire matrix and a tin plating layer compounded on the nickel plating layer;
the transverse dimension of the aluminum alloy matrix is 0.1-50 mm;
the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is used as one or more of a 1-class circular conductor, a 2-class circular conductor, a 5-class circular conductor and a 6-class circular conductor.
Preferably, the tin plating layer further comprises 0.005wt% to 3wt% Cr;
in the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, the mass content of a tin-plated layer is 1% -40%;
in the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, the thickness of the nickel plating layer is 100 nm-10 mu m;
the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire comprises a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire for an automobile cable.
The invention provides a preparation method of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, which comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreating an Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire blank, and then carrying out zinc dipping and nickel plating to obtain an aluminum alloy wire compounded with a nickel plating layer;
2) And (3) tinning the aluminum alloy wire compounded with the nickel plating layer obtained in the steps, and then performing aftertreatment to obtain the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire.
Preferably, the pretreatment step comprises one or more of surface chemical degreasing, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing and light emitting;
the zincating treatment liquid comprises:
the zinc dipping time is 5-10 min.
Preferably, the nickel plating method comprises plating bright nickel;
the treatment fluid for electroplating bright nickel comprises the following components:
the pH value of the electroplated bright nickel is 3.5-4.0;
d of the electroplated bright nickel k Is 6 to 8A/dm 2 ；
The temperature of the electroplated bright nickel is 40-45 ℃;
the time for electroplating the bright nickel is 40-45 min.
Preferably, the nickel plating method comprises the steps of plating dark nickel;
the treatment fluid for electroplating the dark nickel comprises the following components:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 300～350g/L；
NaCl 40～45g/L；
Na 2 SO 4 85～95g/L；
d of the electroplated dark nickel k Is 8-10A/dm 2 ；
The temperature of the electroplated dark nickel is 35-40 ℃;
the time for electroplating the dark nickel is 30-35 min.
Preferably, the tinning method comprises electroplating tin;
the treatment solution for electroplated tin comprises the following components:
D of the electroplated tin k Is 6 to 10A/dm 2 ；
The temperature of the electrotinning is 20-30 ℃;
the time of tin electroplating is 30-60 min.
The invention also provides the application of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire according to any one of the technical schemes or the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire prepared by the preparation method according to any one of the technical schemes in the aspect of automobile cables.
The invention provides a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, which comprises, by mass, 0.01% -1.5% of Fe and 0.003% -0.8% of Mg+Cu; the balance of Al and impurities; the surface of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is provided with a tin plating layer. Compared with the prior art, the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor material for the automobile wire, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the hardness, the wear resistance and the toughness of the existing aluminum alloy conductor material are greatly improved, the aluminum alloy conductor material can be directly connected with an existing terminal for installation, the weldability of aluminum is solved after the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor material is subjected to tin plating treatment, the aluminum alloy conductor material can be directly welded with nickel plating or tin-plated copper fittings, and the application and the connection on the automobile wire are safer and more convenient.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy conductor material for the automobile cable, which comprises the steps of obtaining an aluminum alloy rod from the aluminum alloy material through smelting, casting and rolling processes, drawing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, chemically degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy wire blank, washing with hot water, washing with cold water, etching with strong alkali, washing with water, light emitting, washing with water, zinc immersing, washing with water, nickel plating, washing with water, electroplating tin, washing with water, drying, inspecting, tinning the aluminum alloy wire blank, processing the whole set of tin plating process, wherein the prepared tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor wire core has excellent corrosion resistance, and has the corrosion resistance greatly exceeding that of the aluminum alloy without tin plating, and the corrosion resistance is less than or equal to 0.03mm/a under the condition of a test period of 720 hours, and has good stability in salt fog and salt water, so that the problem that the surface of aluminum is easy to oxidize is solved, and the problem of completely continuing the aluminum conductor is completely caused by adopting the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor cable prepared by the tin-plated aluminum alloy conductor material. The tin-plated aluminum alloy conductor material can be used for new energy automobile cables, greatly improves the hardness, wear resistance and toughness of the existing aluminum alloy material, has oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, can be directly connected with copper terminals, can also be directly welded with nickel-plated copper or tin-plated copper fittings, and is more convenient and safer in installation mode.
The alloy cable prepared from the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor material can be directly connected with a copper terminal, so that the problems of instability caused by connection of a copper-aluminum transition terminal and unnecessary installation of the alloy cable with matched facilities are avoided. The tin-plated Al-Fe alloy aluminum alloy cable can be directly crimped with a copper terminal, and according to national standard GB/T9327 (rated voltage 35kV (um=40.5 kV) and below) crimping type and mechanical connecting fitting test methods and requirements for power cable conductors, 1000 times of thermal cycle experiments are passed, the installation connection is stable and reliable, the risk of easy corrosion caused by exposure of conductors at joint positions is avoided, and the service life of the cable is prolonged.
The tinning aluminum alloy process provided by the invention well solves the technical problem of tinning on the surface of an aluminum alloy conductor, successfully realizes the tinning process on the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor by pre-zinc dipping, then electroplating nickel on the basis, and finally electroplating tin, and greatly improves the hardness, the wear resistance and the toughness of the existing aluminum alloy material by tinning on the premise of not affecting the original electrical property and the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy conductor, effectively optimizes various performance indexes of the aluminum alloy as the conductor material, and solves the corrosion resistance problem of the aluminum alloy and the problem of connection with a copper terminal. According to the invention, the tin plating technology is realized on the surface of the aluminum alloy, so that the problem of weldability of aluminum is solved, the technical problem that the aluminum cannot be welded due to the need of welding in the application of automobile wires is solved, the aluminum can be directly welded and connected with nickel-plated copper or tin-plated copper fittings, the connection problem in the application of automobiles is solved, and the connection is safer and more convenient.
Experimental results show that the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor material provided by the invention has good electric conductivity, tensile property and fatigue resistance, the electric conductivity is more than 62% IACS, the elongation at break is more than or equal to 10%, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 100MPa, and the fatigue bending times at 90 degrees is more than or equal to 15 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic image of a cross section of a tinned aluminum alloy wire for cables prepared in a similar manner to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a microstructure image of a plating layer of a tin-plated aluminum alloy wire for cables prepared in a similar technical scheme to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are merely intended to illustrate further features and advantages of the invention and are not limiting of the invention claims.
All the raw materials of the present invention are not particularly limited in their sources, and may be purchased on the market or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
All raw materials of the invention are not particularly limited in purity, and the invention preferably adopts the conventional purity requirements in the field of industrial pure or aluminum alloy automobile wire harness preparation.
All raw materials of the invention, the brands and abbreviations of which belong to the conventional brands and abbreviations in the field of the related application are clear and definite, and the person skilled in the art can purchase from the market or prepare by the conventional method according to the brands, abbreviations and the corresponding application.
The process used in the invention, the abbreviations thereof belong to the conventional abbreviations in the field, the specific steps and the conventional parameters of each abbreviation are clear and definite in the related field, and the process can be realized by a conventional method according to the abbreviations by a person skilled in the art.
The invention provides a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Fe：0.01％～1.5％；
Mg+Cu：0.003％～0.8％；
the balance of Al and impurities;
the surface of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is provided with a tin plating layer.
In the present invention, the content of Fe is 0.01% to 1.5%, may be 0.1% to 1.0%, or 0.3% to 0.5%.
In the present invention, the mg+cu content is 0.003% to 0.8%, may be 0.005% to 0.7%, may be 0.01% to 0.6%, may be 0.05% to 0.5%, or may be 0.1% to 0.4%.
In the present invention, the thickness of the tin plating layer is preferably 0.1 to 100. Mu.m, more preferably 1 to 50. Mu.m, still more preferably 5 to 20. Mu.m.
In the present invention, the tin plating layer preferably comprises, in mass percent:
Cu：0.001％～3％；
Ni：0.1％～30％；
the balance being Sn and impurities.
In the present invention, the content of Cu is preferably 0.001% to 3%, more preferably 0.01% to 2%, and still more preferably 0.1% to 1%.
In the present invention, the Ni content is preferably 0.1% to 30%, more preferably 1% to 20%, and still more preferably 5% to 10%.
In the present invention, the tin plating layer further preferably contains 0.002wt% to 5wt% of Mg, more preferably 0.005wt% to 3wt%, and still more preferably 0.01wt% to 1wt%.
In the present invention, the tin-plated layer further preferably contains 0.01wt% to 5wt% of Zn, more preferably 0.05wt% to 3wt%, and still more preferably 0.1wt% to 1wt%.
In the present invention, the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire preferably includes an aluminum alloy base, a nickel plating layer compounded on the wire base, and a tin plating layer compounded on the nickel plating layer. Specifically, the tinned Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire preferably comprises an aluminum alloy wire matrix and a plating layer compounded on the aluminum alloy wire matrix. Wherein the plating layer preferably comprises a nickel plating layer compounded on the wire substrate and a tin plating layer compounded on the nickel plating layer. In the invention, based on the preparation process, the aluminum alloy wire substrate is firstly plated with nickel and then plated with tin, and has a structure of plated with tin and plated with nickel. From the microscopic structure of the electron microscope of the finished product of the tinned aluminum alloy wire, no obvious layer boundary structure exists between the tinned layer and the nickel-plated layer, so that the aluminum alloy wire substrate provided by the invention is considered to have an integral plating structure, or a tin-nickel mixed layer structure between the tinned layer and the nickel-plated layer.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a microscopic image of a cross section of a tin-plated aluminum alloy wire for cables prepared in a similar technical scheme to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a microstructure image of a plating layer of a tin-plated aluminum alloy wire for cables prepared in a similar technical scheme to the present invention.
The microstructure of the tin-plated aluminum alloy conductor material (wire) for cables in fig. 1 and 2 is used to show that the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire provided by the invention has a substantially similar microstructure.
In the present invention, the lateral dimension of the aluminum alloy base is preferably 0.1 to 50mm, more preferably 0.5 to 40mm, still more preferably 1 to 30mm, still more preferably 5 to 25mm. Specifically, the lateral dimension in the present invention refers to the thickness of the aluminum alloy wire substrate, such as the radial dimension of the cylindrical wire, and the like.
In the present invention, the tin-plated al—fe—mg—cu aluminum alloy wire is preferably one or more of a 1-class circular conductor, a 2-class circular conductor, a 5-class circular conductor, and a 6-class circular conductor, more preferably a 1-class circular conductor, a 2-class circular conductor, a 5-class circular conductor, or a 6-class circular conductor.
In the present invention, the tin plating layer further preferably contains 0.005wt% to 3wt% of Cr, more preferably 0.01wt% to 2wt% of Cr, and still more preferably 0.05wt% to 1wt% of Cr.
In the invention, in the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy, the mass content of the tin plating layer is preferably 1% -40%, more preferably 6% -30%, and still more preferably 11% -20%.
In the present invention, in the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy, the thickness of the nickel plating layer is preferably 100nm to 10. Mu.m, more preferably 1 μm to 7. Mu.m, still more preferably 3 μm to 4. Mu.m.
In the present invention, the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire preferably includes a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire for an automobile cable.
The invention adopts a tinning mode to form a tinning layer, but other elements are inevitably present in raw materials or processes or are present as a result of inspection mode, so that a certain amount of the elements are present after the detection of the tinning layer.
The invention provides a preparation method of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, which comprises the following steps:
1) Pretreating an Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire blank, and then carrying out zinc dipping and nickel plating to obtain an aluminum alloy wire compounded with a nickel plating layer;
2) And (3) tinning the aluminum alloy wire compounded with the nickel plating layer obtained in the steps, and then performing aftertreatment to obtain the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire.
Firstly, pretreating an Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire blank, and then carrying out zinc dipping and nickel plating to obtain the aluminum alloy wire compounded with the nickel plating layer.
In the present invention, the pretreatment step preferably includes one or more of surface chemical degreasing, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, and light emitting, more preferably, a plurality of surface chemical degreasing, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, and light emitting.
In the present invention, the zincating treatment liquid preferably includes:
specifically, the NaOH content is preferably 180 to 260g/L, more preferably 190 to 250g/L, still more preferably 200 to 240g/L, and still more preferably 210 to 230g/L.
Specifically, the ZnO content is preferably 30 to 40g/L, more preferably 32 to 38g/L, and still more preferably 34 to 36g/L.
Specifically, the content of the potassium sodium tartrate is preferably 50 to 60g/L, more preferably 52 to 58g/L, and still more preferably 54 to 56g/L.
Specifically, the FeCI 3 ·6H 2 The O content is preferably 16 to 25g/L, more preferably 18 to 23g/L, and still more preferably 20 to 21g/L.
Specifically, the NaNO 3 The content of (C) is preferably 16 to higher25g/L, more preferably 18 to 23g/L, still more preferably 20 to 21g/L.
In the present invention, the time for the zincating is preferably 5 to 10 minutes, more preferably 6 to 9 minutes, and still more preferably 7 to 8 minutes.
In the present invention, the nickel plating method preferably includes plating bright nickel.
In the present invention, the treatment liquid for plating bright nickel preferably includes:
specifically, the NiSO 4 ·6H 2 The O content is preferably 400 to 450g/L, more preferably 410 to 440g/L, and still more preferably 420 to 430g/L.
Specifically, the NiCl 2 ·6H 2 The O content is preferably 150 to 180g/L, more preferably 155 to 175g/L, and still more preferably 160 to 170g/L.
Specifically, the H 3 BO 4 The content of (C) is preferably 80 to 90g/L, more preferably 82 to 88g/L, and still more preferably 84 to 86g/L.
Specifically, the saccharin content is preferably 10 to 50g/L, more preferably 15 to 45g/L, still more preferably 20 to 40g/L, and still more preferably 25 to 35g/L.
Specifically, the content of 1.4-butynediol is preferably 6 to 8g/L, more preferably 6.4 to 7.6g/L, and still more preferably 6.8 to 7.2g/L.
Specifically, the coumarin content is preferably 1 to 2g/L, more preferably 1.2 to 1.8g/L, and even more preferably 1.4 to 1.6g/L.
Specifically, the content of the sodium dodecyl sulfate is preferably 1 to 5g/L, more preferably 1.5 to 4.5g/L, still more preferably 2 to 4g/L, and still more preferably 2.5 to 3.5g/L.
In the present invention, the pH of the plated bright nickel is preferably 3.5 to 4.0, more preferably 3.6 to 3.9, and still more preferably 3.7 to 3.8.
In the invention, D of the electroplated bright nickel k Preferably 6 to 8A/dm 2 More preferably 6.4 to 7.6A/dm 2 More preferably 6.8 to 7.2A/dm 2 。
In the present invention, the temperature of the bright nickel plating is preferably 40 to 45 ℃, more preferably 41 to 44 ℃, and even more preferably 42 to 43 ℃.
In the present invention, the time for plating the bright nickel is preferably 40 to 45 minutes, more preferably 41 to 44 minutes, and still more preferably 42 to 43 minutes.
In the present invention, the nickel plating means preferably includes plating of dark nickel.
In the present invention, the treatment liquid for plating dark nickel preferably includes:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 300～350g/L；
NaCl 40～45g/L；
Na 2 SO 4 85～95g/L；
specifically, the NiSO 4 ·6H 2 The O content is preferably 300 to 350g/L, more preferably 310 to 340g/L, and still more preferably 320 to 330g/L.
Specifically, the NaCl content is preferably 40 to 45g/L, more preferably 41 to 44g/L, and even more preferably 42 to 43g/L.
Specifically, the Na 2 SO 4 The content of (C) is preferably 85 to 95g/L, more preferably 87 to 93g/L, and even more preferably 89 to 91g/L.
In the invention, D of the electroplated dark nickel k Preferably 8 to 10A/dm 2 More preferably 8.4 to 9.6A/dm 2 More preferably 8.8 to 9.2A/dm 2 。
In the present invention, the temperature of the plated dark nickel is preferably 35 to 40 ℃, more preferably 36 to 39 ℃, and still more preferably 37 to 38 ℃.
In the present invention, the time for plating the dark nickel is preferably 30 to 35 minutes, more preferably 31 to 34 minutes, and still more preferably 32 to 33 minutes.
Finally, tinning the aluminum alloy wire with the composite nickel coating obtained in the steps, and then performing aftertreatment to obtain the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire.
In the present invention, the means of tin plating preferably includes electrolytic tin plating.
In the present invention, the electrolytic tin plating treatment liquid preferably includes:
specifically, the SnSO 4 The content of (C) is preferably 140 to 170g/L, more preferably 145 to 165g/L, and even more preferably 150 to 160g/L.
Specifically, the H 2 SO 4 The content of (C) is preferably 240 to 270g/L, more preferably 245 to 265g/L, and still more preferably 250 to 260g/L.
Specifically, the content of SS-820 is preferably 55 to 60mL/L, more preferably 56 to 59mL/L, and even more preferably 57 to 58mL/L.
Specifically, the content of SS-821 is preferably 5 to 10mL/L, more preferably 6 to 9mL/LL, and even more preferably 7 to 8mL/L.
In the present invention, D of the electroplated tin k Preferably 6 to 10A/dm 2 More preferably 6.5 to 9.5A/dm 2 More preferably 7 to 9A/dm 2 More preferably 7.5 to 8.5A/dm 2 。
In the present invention, the temperature of the electrolytic tin is preferably 20 to 30 ℃, more preferably 22 to 28 ℃, and still more preferably 24 to 26 ℃.
In the present invention, the time for the tin plating is preferably 30 to 60 minutes, more preferably 32 to 40 minutes, still more preferably 33 to 38 minutes, still more preferably 34 to 36 minutes.
The invention is a complete and refined integral technical scheme, better ensures the structure and composition of a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, further improves the performance of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, and the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire and the preparation method thereof specifically comprise the following steps:
a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy for an automobile wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Fe：0.01～1.5％；
Mg+Cu：0.003～0.8％；
the balance of Al and impurities;
the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor is plated with a layer of tin with the thickness of not less than 0.1 mu m, and the tin plating layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Cu：0.001～3％；
Ni：0.1～30％；
the balance of Sn and impurities;
specifically, the tin plating layer further comprises 0.002-5 wt% of Mg.
Specifically, the tin plating layer further comprises 0.01-5 wt% of Zn.
Specifically, the tin plating layer further comprises 0.005-3 wt% of Cr.
Specifically, the aluminum alloy material is manufactured into an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and then is drawn into an aluminum alloy wire, and the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank is subjected to chemical degreasing, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, nickel electroplating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning.
Specifically, the zinc dipping process comprises the following steps:
180-260 g/L NaOH, 30-40g/L ZnO, 50-60 g/L sodium potassium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 16～25g/L，NaNO 3 16-25 g/L, temperature: the room temperature is kept for 5-10 min.
Specifically, the bright nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 400～450g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 150～180g/L，H 3 BO 4 80-90 g/L saccharin 10-50 g/L, 1.4-butynediol 6-8 g/L coumarin 1-2 g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 1-5 g/L, pH 3.5-4.0 g/L, D k 6～8A/dm 2 The temperature is 40-45 ℃ and the time is 40-45 min.
Specifically, the process for electroplating the dark nickel comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 300～350g/L，NaCl 40～45g/L，Na 2 SO 4 85～95g/L，D k 8～10A/dm 2 the temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the time is 30-35 min.
Specifically, the electrotinning process is as follows:
SnSO 4 140～170g/L，H 2 SO 4 240-270 mL/L, SS-820-60 mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 5-L0 mL/L (additive), temperature 20-30 ℃, D k 6～10A/dm 2 。
Specifically, the tinned aluminum alloy material can be manufactured into 1-class or 2-class or 5-class or 6-class circular conductors for automobile cables.
Specifically, the aluminum alloy material is manufactured into an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and then is drawn into an aluminum alloy wire.
Specifically, the aluminum alloy wire blank surface is subjected to chemical degreasing, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, nickel electroplating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning.
Specifically, the zinc dipping process comprises the following steps:
180-260 g/L NaOH, 30-40g/L ZnO, 50-60 g/L sodium potassium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 16～25g/L，NaNO 3 16-25 g/L, temperature: the room temperature is kept for 5-10 min.
Zinc impregnation is the key point of the process, and the quality of the zinc impregnation layer directly influences the quality of the nickel plating layer. The zinc impregnation function is as follows: (1) removing the exposed surface layer, (2) making the relative potential of the aluminum alloy conductor surface higher.
When in preparation, znO is firstly mixed into paste and added into sodium hydroxide solution, and is continuously stirred, otherwise Zn (OH) is easy to form 2 And 3, adding 3-valence Fe ions can improve the binding force between the coating and the matrix. The added potassium sodium tartrate can form a complex with 3-valent Fe ions to prevent the 3-valent Fe ions from forming Fe (OH) 3 And (5) precipitation. NaNO 3 The oxidation-reduction reaction can be promoted. Due to the proximity of the electrode potentials of Zn and A1, zn sinks The deposition speed is slow, the immersion time is too short, and a zinc layer cannot be deposited; the zinc layer is re-dissolved for too long, so that it is important to control the zinc dipping time, if the quality of the primary zinc dipping layer is poor, 100ml/L HNO can be used 3 And (5) removing the solution.
In order to enhance the binding force between the tinning layer and the aluminum matrix, the invention selects to plate a layer of nickel on the surface of the aluminum alloy in advance and then to plate tin on the basis of nickel, thus being easy to realize.
Specifically, the bright nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 400～450g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 150～180g/L，H 3 BO 4 80-90 g/L saccharin 10-50 g/L, 1.4-butynediol 6-8 g/L coumarin 1-2 g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 1-5 g/L, pH 3.5-4.0 g/L, D k 6～8A/dm 2 The temperature is 40-45 ℃ and the time is 40-45 min.
Specifically, the process for electroplating the dark nickel comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 300～350g/L，NaCl 40～45g/L，Na 2 SO 4 85～95g/L，D k 8～10A/dm 2 the temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the time is 30-35 min.
After zinc impregnation of the aluminum workpiece, nickel is plated as soon as possible, and in order to prevent the zinc impregnation layer from being dissolved in the nickel plating solution, the aluminum substrate is charged into the nickel plating solution. The bright plating layer can be directly plated by electroplating bright nickel, the plating layer is fine, but the internal stress of the plating layer is large, the plating layer cannot be too thick, or else the plating layer is easy to peel.
The plating layer obtained by electroplating the dark nickel has fine crystallization, good toughness, smaller internal stress and better corrosion resistance than bright nickel.
Specifically, the tinned aluminum alloy material prepared by the procedures can be further processed into a class 1 or class 2 or class 5 or class 6 conductor stranded wire core, and can be used for an automobile wire conductor wire core.
Further:
the Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy disclosed by the invention comprises the following components:
Fe：0.01～1.5％；
Mg+Cu：0.003～0.8％；
the balance being Al and impurities.
For matrix aluminum in the aluminum alloy, pure aluminum of industrial Al99.70 can be adopted, so that the aluminum alloy prepared by the method has the advantages of sufficient raw material supply, low cost, convenient purchase and the like; meanwhile, the aluminum base can also adopt refined aluminum or high-purity aluminum as a matrix alloy, and the aluminum base has higher quality than the common aluminum base material, and the processed product has more advantages in the aspects of electrical property and mechanical property.
In the invention, aluminum is taken as a matrix, and trace iron is added to improve the performance of the aluminum alloy, so that the iron can improve the mechanical strength and tensile property of the aluminum alloy, improve the tensile strength, yield property, heat resistance and creep resistance of the aluminum, and improve the plasticity of the aluminum alloy. By adding a small amount of magnesium, the mechanical strength of the aluminum alloy and the heat resistance of the material of the aluminum alloy can be improved. The addition of a trace amount of copper can improve the mechanical strength and fatigue resistance of the aluminum alloy.
The Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy material is manufactured into an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and then the aluminum alloy rod is manufactured into an aluminum alloy wire.
Electroplating a tin layer with the thickness of not less than 0.1 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire, wherein the tin plating layer comprises the following components:
Cu：0.001～3％；
Ni：0.1～30％；
the balance being Sn and impurities.
According to the invention, the tin coating preferably also contains 0.002 to 5% by weight of Mg. Preferably, the tin plating layer further comprises 0.01 to 5 wt% of Zn. Preferably, the tin plating layer further contains 0.005 to 3 wt% of Cr.
In order to prepare the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy material, the invention also provides a tin plating process flow, wherein the tin plating process flow is as follows: the method comprises the steps of chemical degreasing of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, nickel electroplating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank.
In order to more fully illustrate the tin plating process, the invention further provides a zinc dipping process, which is as follows:
180-260 g/L NaOH, 30-40g/L ZnO, 50-60 g/L sodium potassium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 16～25g/L，NaNO 3 16-25 g/L, temperature: the room temperature is kept for 5-10 min.
In order to enhance the binding force between the tinning layer and the aluminum substrate, the invention can be easily realized by plating a layer of nickel on the surface of the aluminum alloy in advance and then plating tin on the basis of the nickel.
According to the invention, if the bright nickel electroplating process is adopted, the bright nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 400～450g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 150～180g/L，H 3 BO 4 80-90 g/L saccharin 10-50 g/L, 1.4-butynediol 6-8 g/L coumarin 1-2 g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 1-5 g/L, pH 3.5-4.0 g/L, D k 6～8A/dm 2 The temperature is 40-45 ℃ and the time is 40-45 min.
According to the invention, if the process of plating the dark nickel is adopted, the process of plating the dark nickel is as follows:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 300～350g/L，NaCl 40～45g/L，Na 2 SO 4 85～95g/L，D k 8～10A/dm 2 the temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the time is 30-35 min.
After zinc impregnation of the aluminum workpiece, nickel is plated as soon as possible, and in order to prevent the zinc impregnation layer from being dissolved in the nickel plating solution, the aluminum substrate is charged into the nickel plating solution. The bright plating layer can be directly plated by electroplating bright nickel, the plating layer is fine, but the internal stress of the plating layer is large, the plating layer cannot be too thick, or else the plating layer is easy to peel.
The plating layer obtained by electroplating the dark nickel has fine crystallization, good toughness, smaller internal stress and better corrosion resistance than the bright nickel.
According to the invention, the electrotinning process is as follows:
SnSO 4 140～170g/L，H 2 SO 4 240-270 mL/L, SS-820-60 mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 5-L0 mL/L (additive), temperature 20-30 ℃, D k 6～10A/dm 2 。
In the operation process, the workpiece is required to be cleaned after the cathode is moved to plate, and the tinning time is determined according to the required thickness.
According to the invention, the tinned aluminum alloy material prepared by the procedures can be further processed into a class 1 or class 2 or class 5 or class 6 conductor stranded wire core, and the tinned aluminum alloy material can be used as an automobile wire conductor wire core.
The invention provides an application of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire in the aspect of automobile cables, wherein the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is prepared by the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire prepared by the preparation method in any one of the technical schemes.
The invention provides a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire for an automobile cable, and a preparation method and application thereof. The tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor material for the automobile wire, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the hardness, the wear resistance and the toughness of the existing aluminum alloy conductor material are greatly improved, the aluminum alloy conductor material can be directly connected with the existing terminal for installation, the aluminum alloy conductor material surface is subjected to tin plating treatment, the weldability of aluminum is solved, the aluminum alloy conductor material can be directly welded with nickel plating or tin-plated copper fittings, and the application and the connection on the automobile wire are safer and more convenient.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy conductor material for the automobile cable, which comprises the steps of obtaining an aluminum alloy rod from the aluminum alloy material through smelting, casting and rolling processes, drawing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, chemically degreasing the surface of the aluminum alloy wire blank, washing with hot water, washing with cold water, etching with strong alkali, washing with water, light emitting, washing with water, zinc immersing, washing with water, nickel plating, washing with water, electroplating tin, washing with water, drying, inspecting, tinning the aluminum alloy wire blank, processing the whole set of tin plating process, wherein the prepared tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor wire core has excellent corrosion resistance, and has the corrosion resistance greatly exceeding that of the aluminum alloy without tin plating, and the corrosion resistance is less than or equal to 0.03mm/a under the condition of a test period of 720 hours, and has good stability in salt fog and salt water, so that the problem that the surface of aluminum is easy to oxidize is solved, and the problem of completely continuing the aluminum conductor is completely caused by adopting the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor cable prepared by the tin-plated aluminum alloy conductor material. The tin-plated aluminum alloy conductor material can be used for new energy automobile cables, greatly improves the hardness, wear resistance and toughness of the existing aluminum alloy material, has oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, can be directly connected with copper terminals, can also be directly welded with nickel-plated copper or tin-plated copper fittings, and is more convenient and safer in installation mode.
The alloy cable prepared from the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor material can be directly connected with a copper terminal, so that the problems of instability caused by connection of a copper-aluminum transition terminal and unnecessary installation of the alloy cable with matched facilities are avoided. The tin-plated Al-Fe alloy aluminum alloy cable can be directly crimped with a copper terminal, and according to national standard GB/T9327 (rated voltage 35kV (um=40.5 kV) and below) crimping type and mechanical connecting fitting test methods and requirements for power cable conductors, 1000 times of thermal cycle experiments are passed, the installation connection is stable and reliable, the risk of easy corrosion caused by exposure of conductors at joint positions is avoided, and the service life of the cable is prolonged.
The tinning aluminum alloy process provided by the invention well solves the technical problem of tinning on the surface of an aluminum alloy conductor, successfully realizes the tinning process on the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor by pre-zinc dipping, then electroplating nickel on the basis, and finally electroplating tin, and greatly improves the hardness, the wear resistance and the toughness of the existing aluminum alloy material by tinning on the premise of not affecting the original electrical property and the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy conductor, effectively optimizes various performance indexes of the aluminum alloy as the conductor material, and solves the corrosion resistance problem of the aluminum alloy and the problem of connection with a copper terminal. According to the invention, the tin plating technology is realized on the surface of the aluminum alloy, so that the problem of weldability of aluminum is solved, the technical problem that the aluminum cannot be welded due to the need of welding in the application of automobile wires is solved, the aluminum can be directly welded and connected with nickel-plated copper or tin-plated copper fittings, the connection problem in the application of automobiles is solved, and the connection is safer and more convenient.
Experimental results show that the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu alloy conductor material provided by the invention has good electric conductivity, tensile property and fatigue resistance, the electric conductivity is more than 62% IACS, the elongation at break is more than or equal to 10%, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 100MPa, and the fatigue bending times at 90 degrees is more than or equal to 15 times.
For further explanation of the present invention, the following details of a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire and the preparation method and application thereof are provided in connection with examples, but it should be understood that these examples are implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and detailed implementation and specific operation procedures are given, which are only for further explanation of the features and advantages of the present invention, but not for limitation of the claims of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the examples described below.
Example 1
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
referring to Table 1, table 1 shows the composition (wt%) of the aluminum alloy prepared in the examples of the present invention.
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 0.1 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
Chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
referring to table 2, table 2 is a table of composition (wt%) of tin-plated layers of tin-plated aluminum alloys prepared in examples of the present invention.
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
260g/L NaOH, 40g/L ZnO and tartaric acidPotassium sodium 60g/L FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 25g/L，NaNO 3 25g/L, under the condition of room temperature, the time is 10min;
(4) The bright nickel electroplating process in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 400g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 150g/L，H 3 BO 4 80g/L saccharin 10g/L, 1.4-butynediol 6g/L, coumarin 1g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 1g/L, pH 3.5g/L, D k 6A/dm 2 The temperature is 40 ℃ and the time is 40min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 140g/L，H 2 SO 4 240mL/L, SS-820 55mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 5mL/L (additive), temperature 20 ℃, D k 6A/dm 2 The time is 30min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3. Table 3 is a table of performance test data for tin-plated aluminum alloy conductor wires prepared in the examples of the present invention.
Example 2
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 100 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
180g/L NaOH, 30g/L ZnO, 50g/L potassium sodium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 16g/L，NaNO 3 16g/L, at room temperature5min in between;
(4) The bright nickel electroplating process in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 450g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 180g/L，H 3 BO 4 90g/L saccharin 50g/L, 1.4-butynediol 8g/L, coumarin 2g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 5g/L, pH 4.0g/L, D k 8A/dm 2 The temperature is 45 ℃ and the time is 45min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 170g/L，H 2 SO 4 270mL/L, SS-820 60mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821L0mL/L (additive), temperature 30 ℃, D k 10A/dm 2 The time is 60min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 3
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 3 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
NaOH 220/L, znO 35g/L, potassium sodium tartrate 55g/L, feCI 3 ·6H 2 O 20g/L，NaNO 3 20g/L, under the condition of room temperature, the time is 7min;
(4) The bright nickel electroplating process in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 420g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 165g/L，H 3 BO 4 85g/L saccharin 30g/L, 1.4-butynediol 7g/L, coumarin 1.5g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 3g/L, pH 3.7g/L, D k 7A/dm 2 The temperature is 43 ℃ and the time is 42min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 150g/L，H 2 SO 4 250mL/L, SS-820 mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 7mL/L (additive), temperature 25 ℃, D k 8A/dm 2 The time is 45min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 4
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 10 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
190g/L NaOH, 33g/L ZnO, 53g/L potassium sodium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 18g/L，NaNO 3 18g/L, under the condition of room temperature, the time is 6min;
(4) The bright nickel electroplating process in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 410g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 160g/L，H 3 BO 4 82g/L saccharin 20g/L, 1.4-butynediol 7g/L, coumarin 1.4g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 2g/L, pH 3.6g/L, D k 8A/dm 2 Warm (warm)The temperature is 40 ℃ and the time is 44min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 145g/L，H 2 SO 4 245mL/L, SS-820 56mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 8mL/L (additive), temperature 28 ℃, D k 7A/dm 2 The time is 40min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 5
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 80 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
195g/L NaOH, 33g/L ZnO, 53g/L potassium sodium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 19g/L，NaNO 3 19g/L, at room temperature, for 7min;
(4) The bright nickel electroplating process in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 440g/L，NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O 170g/L，H 3 BO 4 82g/L saccharin 20g/L, 1.4-butynediol 6.5g/L, coumarin 1.2g/L, sodium dodecyl sulfate 2g/L, pH 3.6g/L, D k 6.5A/dm 2 The temperature is 41 ℃ and the time is 41min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 145g/L，H 2 SO 4 255mL/L, SS-820 58mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 6mL/L (additive), temperature 23 ℃, D k 8A/dm 2 The time is 40min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 6
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 40 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
260g/L NaOH, 40g/L ZnO, 60g/L potassium sodium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 25g/L，NaNO 3 25g/L, under the condition of room temperature, the time is 10min;
(4) The process for electroplating the dark nickel in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 300g/L，NaCl 40g/L，Na 2 SO 4 85g/L，D k 8A/dm 2 the temperature is 35 ℃ and the time is 30min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 140g/L，H 2 SO 4 240mL/L, SS-820 55mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 5mL/L (additive), temperature 20 ℃, D k 6A/dm 2 The time is 30min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 7
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 26 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin process flow on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
180g/L NaOH, 30g/L ZnO, 50g/L potassium sodium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 16g/L，NaNO 3 16g/L, under the condition of room temperature, the time is 5min;
(4) The process for electroplating the dark nickel in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 350g/L，NaCl 45g/L，Na 2 SO 4 95g/L，D k 10A/dm 2 the temperature is 40 ℃ and the time is 35min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 170g/L，H 2 SO 4 270mL/L, SS-820 60mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821L0mL/L (additive), temperature 30 ℃, D k 10A/dm 2 The time is 50min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 8
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 25 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
200g/L NaOH, 33g/L ZnO, 54g/L potassium sodium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 19g/L，NaNO 3 18g/L, under the condition of room temperature, the time is 6min;
(4) The process for electroplating the dark nickel in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 330g/L，NaCl 42g/L，Na 2 SO 4 89g/L，D k 8A/dm 2 the temperature is 36 ℃ and the time is 34min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 150g/L，H 2 SO 4 250mL/L, SS-820 58mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 7mL/L (additive), temperature 25 ℃, D k 8A/dm 2 The time is 45min. The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 9
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 16 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
190g/L NaOH, 33g/L ZnO, 52g/L potassium sodium tartrate and FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 18g/L，NaNO 3 19g/L, and the time is 5-10 min under the room temperature condition.
(4) The process for electroplating the dark nickel in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 340g/L，NaCl 44g/L，Na 2 SO 4 92g/L，D k 10A/dm 2 the temperature is 39 ℃ and the time is 34min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 150g/L，H 2 SO 4 250mL/L, SS-820 58mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-821 9mL/L (additive), temperature 28 ℃, D k 9A/dm 2 . The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
Example 10
(1) Putting aluminum-iron, aluminum-magnesium and aluminum-copper alloy ingots into a smelting furnace, manufacturing an aluminum alloy rod through smelting, casting and rolling procedures, and manufacturing the aluminum alloy rod into an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the alloy compositions are listed in table 1;
(2) Electroplating a layer of tin with the thickness of 9 mu m on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire obtained in the step (1), wherein the tin plating process flow of the surface of the aluminum alloy wire is as follows:
chemical degreasing of the surface of an aluminum alloy wire blank, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water washing, light emitting, water washing, zinc dipping, water washing, bright nickel plating, water washing, tin electroplating, water washing, drying, inspection and tinning of the aluminum alloy wire blank. The composition of the tin plating layer is listed in table 2;
(3) The zinc dipping process conditions in the step (2) are as follows:
250g/L NaOH, 38g/L ZnO and 58g sodium potassium tartrate/L，FeCI 3 ·6H 2 O 22g/L，NaNO 3 23g/L, at room temperature, for 8min.
(4) The process for electroplating the dark nickel in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O 320g/L，NaCl 43g/L，Na 2 SO 4 90g/L，D k 9A/dm 2 the temperature is 38 ℃ and the time is 33min;
(5) The tin electroplating process in the step (2) is as follows:
SnSO 4 160g/L，H 2 SO 4 260mL/L, SS-820 58mL/L (for cylinder opening). SS-8218mL/L (additive), temperature 26 ℃, D k 7A/dm 2 . The other ingredients are added in the form of chlorides.
The aluminum alloy prepared according to the above method and the aluminum alloy performance after the tin plating process were tested, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 1
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TABLE 2
| Group of | Ni | Cu | Mg | Zn | Cr | Sn and impurities |
| Example 1 | 0.10 | 0.002 | — | — | — | Allowance of |
| Example 2 | 1.56 | 2.80 | 4.99 | — | — | Allowance of |
| Example 3 | 0.55 | 3.00 | 0.003 | 0.001 | — | Allowance of |
| Example 4 | 11.30 | 0.035 | 1.120 | 0.039 | 0.005 | Allowance of |
| Example 5 | 13.0 | 0.086 | 0.95 | 0.490 | 2.99 | Allowance of |
| Example 6 | 22.05 | 0.326 | 4.515 | 4.580 | 0.059 | Allowance of |
| Example 7 | 10.10 | 0.68 | 0.105 | 1.23 | 1.50 | Allowance of |
| Example 8 | 30.0 | 1.26 | 3.035 | 3.85 | 0.019 | Allowance of |
| Example 9 | 6.67 | 1.96 | 2.006 | 5.00 | 2.560 | Allowance of |
| Example 10 | 8.22 | 2.51 | 0.009 | 2.985 | 1.166 | Allowance of |
TABLE 3 Table 3
Referring to table 4, table 4 is a table of performance test data of aluminum alloy conductor wires prepared according to comparative examples of the present invention without any surface treatment.
Among these, the aluminum alloy wires in comparative examples 1 to 10 are the same as those in examples 1 to 10, respectively.
TABLE 4 Table 4
Referring to table 5, table 5 is a table of performance test data of the aluminum alloy conductor wire treated with only the nickel plating surface prepared in comparative example of the present invention.
The aluminum alloy wires in comparative examples 11 to 20 were the same as those in examples 1 to 10, respectively, and the nickel plating process and the corresponding parameters were also the same as those in examples 1 to 10, respectively.
TABLE 5
From the comparison of examples, it was found that the aluminum alloy conductor material was subjected to tin plating treatment in the examples, whereas the aluminum alloy not subjected to any surface treatment and the aluminum alloy subjected to only surface nickel plating treatment in the comparative examples were not particularly different in terms of tensile strength, elongation at break and fatigue bending property at 90 degrees, but were also significantly different in terms of electrical properties, the aluminum alloy subjected to only surface nickel plating treatment was reduced in terms of electrical properties as compared with the aluminum alloy conductor material subjected to no surface treatment, whereas the aluminum alloy subjected to surface tin plating was significantly improved in terms of electrical properties as compared with the aluminum alloy conductor material subjected to no surface treatment, and was an aluminum alloy not subjected to tin plating treatment, which was significantly inferior in terms of corrosion resistance and connection property with copper terminals as compared with the aluminum alloy material subjected to tin plating, and the aluminum alloy after tin plating was 0.03mm/a or less, and after connection with copper terminals was able to pass 1000 heat cycle tests. With reference to the GB/T4910-2009 Standard of tin-plated round copper wire, the aluminum alloys of the examples and the comparative examples are tested, the aluminum alloys without any surface treatment have no weldability, the aluminum alloys with the surface nickel plating treatment have very poor welding performance, and certain weldability can not pass the welding performance test requirements in the GB/T4910-2009 Standard by means of a solder resist, while the tin-plated aluminum alloys of the examples have the weldability, do not need any soldering flux, and have excellent welding performance and meet the requirements of the GB/T4910-2009 Standard. The cable can be used as an automobile cable conductor core and used for a whole automobile harness of a new energy automobile.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the principles and embodiments of the present invention in order that the best mode may be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced and carried out in any manner that is accomplished by the use of a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire for automotive cables, and methods of making and using the same, and in particular examples herein. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. The scope of the patent protection is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, characterized in that the Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy comprises, in mass percent:
Fe：0.01％～1.5％；
Mg+Cu：0.003％～0.8％；
the balance of Al and impurities;
the surface of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is provided with a tin plating layer.
2. The tin plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire according to claim 1, wherein the tin plated layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 100 μm;
the tinning layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Cu：0.001％～3％；
Ni：0.1％～30％；
the balance being Sn and impurities.
3. The tin plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire according to claim 1, wherein the tin plated layer further comprises 0.002wt% to 5wt% Mg;
the tin plating layer also comprises 0.01 to 5 weight percent of Zn;
the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire comprises an aluminum alloy matrix, a nickel plating layer compounded on the wire matrix and a tin plating layer compounded on the nickel plating layer;
the transverse dimension of the aluminum alloy matrix is 0.1-50 mm;
the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire is used as one or more of a 1-class circular conductor, a 2-class circular conductor, a 5-class circular conductor and a 6-class circular conductor.
4. A tin plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire according to claim 3, wherein the tin plated layer further comprises 0.005wt% to 3wt% Cr;
In the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, the mass content of a tin-plated layer is 1% -40%;
in the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire, the thickness of the nickel plating layer is 100 nm-10 mu m;
the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire comprises a tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire for an automobile cable.
5. A method for producing the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
1) Pretreating an Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire blank, and then carrying out zinc dipping and nickel plating to obtain an aluminum alloy wire compounded with a nickel plating layer;
2) And (3) tinning the aluminum alloy wire compounded with the nickel plating layer obtained in the steps, and then performing aftertreatment to obtain the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the pretreatment step comprises one or more of surface chemical degreasing, hot water washing, cold water washing, strong alkali etching, water rinsing, and light extraction;
the zincating treatment liquid comprises:
the zinc dipping time is 5-10 min.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the nickel plating comprises plating bright nickel;
The treatment fluid for electroplating bright nickel comprises the following components:
the pH value of the electroplated bright nickel is 3.5-4.0;
d of the electroplated bright nickel k Is 6 to 8A/dm 2 ；
The temperature of the electroplated bright nickel is 40-45 ℃;
the time for electroplating the bright nickel is 40-45 min.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the nickel plating comprises plating dark nickel;
the treatment fluid for electroplating the dark nickel comprises the following components:
d of the electroplated dark nickel k Is 8-10A/dm 2 ；
The temperature of the electroplated dark nickel is 35-40 ℃;
the time for electroplating the dark nickel is 30-35 min.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the tinning comprises electroplating tin;
the treatment solution for electroplated tin comprises the following components:
d of the electroplated tin k Is 6 to 10A/dm 2 ；
The temperature of the electrotinning is 20-30 ℃;
the time of tin electroplating is 30-60 min.
10. Use of the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the tin-plated Al-Fe-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy wire prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 5 to 9 in automotive cables.
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| JP2006019164A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-19 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Aluminum conductive wire |
| CN101128887A (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2008-02-20 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum conductive wire |
| CN102071446A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-05-25 | 无锡新大中薄板有限公司 | Continuous electroplating process for weldable aluminum coiled material |
| CN202054913U (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-11-30 | 无锡新大中薄板有限公司 | Weldable tin plating aluminum alloy strip |
| CN107268049A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-20 | 尼尔金属(苏州)有限公司 | A kind of tin plating method on aluminium and aluminum alloy coiled materials |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2006019164A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-19 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Aluminum conductive wire |
| CN101128887A (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2008-02-20 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum conductive wire |
| CN102081984A (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2011-06-01 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum conductive wire for automobile wiring |
| CN102071446A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-05-25 | 无锡新大中薄板有限公司 | Continuous electroplating process for weldable aluminum coiled material |
| CN202054913U (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-11-30 | 无锡新大中薄板有限公司 | Weldable tin plating aluminum alloy strip |
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