CN117209170A - Laser welding method for nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass - Google Patents

Laser welding method for nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass Download PDF

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CN117209170A
CN117209170A CN202311090368.7A CN202311090368A CN117209170A CN 117209170 A CN117209170 A CN 117209170A CN 202311090368 A CN202311090368 A CN 202311090368A CN 117209170 A CN117209170 A CN 117209170A
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nickel
silicon carbide
laser
welding
carbide glass
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CN117209170B (en
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陈长军
徐梦璇
张敏
陆奕楷
邵嘉琪
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Suzhou University
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Suzhou University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a laser welding method of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass, belonging to the technical field of laser welding. S1, setting a processing track according to the sizes and shapes of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass to be welded, and preparing a welding fixture; s2, carrying out pretreatment operation on nickel-based alloy to be welded and silicon carbide glass; s3, clamping the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass which are pretreated in the S2 by adopting a welding clamp according to requirements, and preparing for welding; s4, setting laser processing parameters of a laser; s5, performing laser welding operation on the nickel-base alloy and the silicon carbide glass by a laser according to the processing track set in the S1 to form a nickel-base alloy-silicon carbide glass welded body; s6, dismantling the welding fixture to finish the whole welding operation flow. The obtained nickel-based alloy-silicon carbide glass welded body can meet the high standard quality requirements of high-end manufacturing industries such as high-power laser, nuclear power, chemical industry and the like.

Description

Laser welding method for nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a laser welding method of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass.
Background
Because of the high laser energy density, conventional silica-alumina glass in the high power laser field has not been able to meet the requirements. In nuclear power and chemical occasions, the conventional glass also cannot meet the use requirements due to harsh and complex environments, chemical corrosion, high temperature and other changeable environments. Metals sealed with glass phase, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel and kovar alloy, also can not meet the use requirements.
The silicon carbide glass can be applied to harsh use environments such as chemical industry, nuclear power and the like due to the excellent high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Can be applied to the field of high-power lasers, such as windows, prisms, reflectors, lenses and the like of high-power lasers. But also in the field of chemical industry, such as chemical reactors, combustors, stoves, heating elements, electrodes, etc.
The most common welding method for silicon carbide glass and metal is matching sealing, the metal is pre-oxidized before sealing, so that a compact oxide film with a certain thickness is formed on the surface of the metal, then the silicon carbide glass and the metal are heated, the heated silicon carbide glass and the metal are combined through diffusion melting, and the silicon carbide glass and the metal are cooled to room temperature after heat preservation for a period of time to finish welding. However, the method of matching and sealing requires a longer production period, and meanwhile, the oxidation of the nickel-based alloy has a larger influence on the characteristics of the nickel-based alloy such as brightness. Therefore, the production period is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, the use requirement of sealing is guaranteed, and the direct welding of the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass becomes a mainstream welding method.
The conventional glass and metal sealing needs to be brazed under the high-temperature environment by using Ag-Cu-Ti, the melting point of the brazing material is generally 500-600 ℃ and is not more than 1000 ℃ at most, and meanwhile, the combination after Ag-Cu-Ti brazing can only be applied to working occasions below 500 ℃ and cannot meet the complex use environments such as corrosion, high pressure, high temperature and the like. In addition, the glass window of a large-scale device in the occasions of nuclear power, chemical industry and the like has the problem that the heating and sealing in a furnace are inconvenient. Therefore, realizing the welding process of the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass under the conventional condition is a problem which needs to be solved at present.
In recent years, a related research has been made on a metal-to-glass welding technology, for example, patent document CN 101428979a discloses a glass-to-metal vacuum diffusion welding process, CN 101708964a discloses a glass-to-metal vacuum brazing process, but the welding process needs to be operated under vacuum conditions, and the sizes of the metal and silicon carbide glass are limited by a vacuum chamber, so that some large-size solders cannot be suitable for the process. As another example, patent document CN 1541802a discloses an anode welding method between metal and glass and ceramic, CN 104291612a discloses a convex vacuum glass with sealing strips and mounting holes welded by metal, but the welding process is limited by the size of a welding vacuum chamber on one hand, and the welding time is long on the other hand, so that the welding between silicon carbide glass and metal cannot be realized rapidly and efficiently, and the obtained welded body cannot meet the high quality requirement of the welded body in aerospace occasions.
Therefore, in order to break through the limit of high-temperature sealing between the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass in high-power occasions and the like, solve the problem of long working time, improve the quality of products, and design a simple and controllable welding method with good welding seams to realize excellent welding between the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the laser welding method for the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass, which fully plays the performances of the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass, adopts laser direct fusion welding, eliminates the traditional method of brazing the nickel-based alloy in a vacuum chamber and the method of oxidizing the nickel-based alloy at high temperature to generate an oxide film and then sealing the oxide film, solves the defects of low sealing strength and limitation of the traditional sealing on the size specification, and simultaneously avoids the defects that the conventional Ag-Cu-Ti solder sealing cannot meet the service requirements.
A first object of the present invention is to provide a laser welding method of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass, comprising the steps of,
s1, setting a processing track according to the sizes and shapes of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass to be welded, and preparing a welding fixture;
s2, carrying out pretreatment operation on nickel-based alloy to be welded and silicon carbide glass;
s3, clamping the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass which are pretreated in the S2 by adopting a welding clamp according to requirements, and preparing for welding;
s4, setting laser processing parameters of a laser;
s5, performing laser welding operation on the nickel-base alloy and the silicon carbide glass by a laser according to the processing track set in the S1 to form a nickel-base alloy-silicon carbide glass welded body;
s6, dismantling the welding fixture to finish the whole welding operation flow.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the nickel-base alloy and silicon carbide glass refer to all nickel-base alloys and silicon carbide glasses that can be used for electronic products in the aerospace field.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the preprocessing operation includes:
carrying out vapor deposition treatment on the nickel-based alloy to Be welded, and forming a layer of Ti-Zr-Be film on the surface of the nickel-based alloy;
and cleaning the silicon carbide glass to be welded by clear water, cooling and air-drying.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the Ti-Zr-Be film is 5 μm to 20 μm, the thickness of the Ti-Zr-Be film must Be well controlled in the vapor deposition process, if the Ti-Zr-Be film is too thin, the bonding is not easy to achieve welding (low sealing strength) due to too small stress buffer area, and if the Ti-Zr-Be film is too thick, the stress buffer area is too large, and effective welding (low sealing strength) is not easy to achieve.
In one embodiment of the invention, in S3, the silicon carbide glass is covered on a part of the surface of the nickel-based alloy, the welding clamps respectively support against the surface of the silicon carbide glass and the bottom surface of the nickel-based alloy to provide clamping force in the vertical direction, the covered side edge of the nickel-based alloy is a welding line, a welding operation area exists between the two welding clamps on the surface of the silicon carbide glass, and the welding line is positioned in the welding operation area in the vertical direction.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the laser is a solid state laser having a wavelength of 800nm to 1070 nm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the laser processing parameters are: the laser scanning speed is 1mm s -1 -3.3mm·s -1 The focal length is-3 mm less than or equal to f less than or equal to 0mm, the laser power is 150-299W, the pulse width is 0.1-20 Ms, and the frequency is 20-30 Hz.
In one embodiment of the invention, in S5, the laser welding operation is performed in a protective atmosphere.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the protective atmosphere is an argon atmosphere.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in S5, the laser is focused directly on the surface of the nickel-based alloy by penetrating the silicon carbide glass according to the processing track set in S1, and is melted and then bonded to the silicon carbide glass.
The second object of the invention is to provide a nickel-based alloy-silicon carbide glass welded body manufactured by the laser welding method.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The Ti-Zr-Be film deposited by the laser welding method belongs to amorphous glass, and has compatibility with glass according to similar compatibility characteristics, so that the Ti-Zr-Be film has better wettability with silicon carbide glass. Meanwhile, the Ti-Zr-Be amorphous is amorphous formed by metal elements, so that the Ti-Zr-Be amorphous has the advantage of being wetted with a nickel-based alloy phase. Meanwhile, the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass are materials which are used in severe environments such as high temperature, extreme conditions and the like, and the added Ti-Zr-Be can just meet the service requirement. The traditional method for forming a layer of oxide film or sealing Ag-Cu-Ti by oxidizing alloy at high temperature is characterized by low service temperature and simpler service condition, so that the requirements of the application occasion of the invention can not be met.
(2) The nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass are welded by adopting a laser direct melting method, the traditional vacuum sealing method is abandoned, the limitation on the size and the limitation on the conditions of a vacuum chamber when vacuum equipment is used are solved, the defects of poor bonding strength and easy aging when adhesive tapes are sealed are avoided, the defect of poor service performance of Ag-Cu-Ti brazing filler metal in the traditional brazing process is also overcome, the welding preparation of nickel-based alloys with different sizes and specifications and the silicon carbide glass can be carried out by optimizing the technological parameters, the method has the advantage of high controllability, and the produced nickel-based alloy-silicon carbide glass welding body can meet the high standard quality requirements of high-end manufacturing industries such as high-power laser, nuclear power, chemical industry and the like.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the locations of a nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass of the present invention during a welding process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the locations of the nickel-base alloy, silicon carbide glass and welding jig of the present invention during a welding process;
reference numerals illustrate: 1-laser beam, 2-silicon carbide glass, 3-nickel base alloy, 4-welding line, 5-welding fixture and 6-clamping force.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
In the present invention, the nickel-base alloy and the silicon carbide glass used in the examples refer to all nickel-base alloys and silicon carbide glasses that can be used for electronic products in the fields of aerospace and the like, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, the laser welding method of the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a processing track according to the sizes and shapes of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass to be welded, and preparing a welding fixture;
s2, performing early-stage welding pretreatment operation on nickel-based alloy to be welded and silicon carbide glass; the preliminary pretreatment is to carry out vapor deposition treatment on the nickel-based alloy, and form a Ti-Zr-Be film with the thickness of 5-6 mu m on the surface of the nickel-based alloy; the silicon carbide glass is simply cleaned by clean water on the surface, and then dried by cold air for waiting use;
s3, clamping the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass which are subjected to pretreatment operation in the step S2 according to requirements by using a welding fixture, preparing for welding, covering the silicon carbide glass 2 on part of the surface of the nickel-based alloy 3, respectively propping the surface of the silicon carbide glass 2 and the bottom surface of the nickel-based alloy 3 by using the welding fixture 5, providing a clamping force 6 in the vertical direction, wherein a welding line 4 is arranged on the covered side edge of the nickel-based alloy 3, a welding operation area is arranged between the two welding fixtures 5 positioned on the surface of the silicon carbide glass 2, and the welding line 4 is positioned in the welding operation area in the vertical direction;
s4, setting laser processing parameters of a laser: the laser adopts a solid laser with the wavelength of 800nm, and the laser processing parameters are set as follows: the laser scanning speed is 1mm s -1 Focal length f=0mm, laser power 150W, pulse width 20Ms, frequency 20Hz.
S5, the laser directly focuses laser beam 1 emitted by the laser on the surface of the nickel-based alloy 3 by penetrating through silicon carbide glass 2 according to the processing track set in S1, and the Ti-Zr-Be film on the surface of the nickel-based alloy 3 is melted and then is bonded with the silicon carbide glass 2 to form a nickel-based alloy-silicon carbide glass welded body, wherein the whole laser welding operation is carried out in an argon atmosphere, and the Ti-Zr-Be film plays a role of glue;
s6, dismantling the welding fixture to finish the whole welding operation flow.
Through the test:
the sealing strength was 30MPa, and the strength of the sealing after forming an oxide film on the surface of the nickel-based alloy was 10MPa.
In the content 3%H 2 SO 4 In the corrosion environment of (2), the temperature is 100 ℃, after the heat preservation is carried out for 10min, the steel plate is taken out and is cleaned by clean water, and whether cracks exist is checked by coloring; this isOne cycle, the conventional seal, showed a visible crack in 3 cycles, whereas the example showed a crack after 10 cycles.
Example 2
The invention relates to a laser welding method of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass, which specifically comprises the following steps:
substantially the same as in example 1, the difference is that: the thickness of the Ti-Zr-Be film is 10 mu m-11 mu m, a solid laser with the wavelength of 900nm is adopted as a laser, and the laser processing parameters are set as follows: the laser scanning speed was 1.3 mm.s -1 Focal length f= -1mm, laser power 189W, pulse width 0.5Ms, frequency 24Hz.
Through the test:
the sealing strength was 36Mpa, and the strength of the sealing after forming an oxide film on the surface of the nickel-based alloy was 12Mpa.
In the content 3%H 2 SO 4 In the corrosion environment of (2), the temperature is 100 ℃, after the heat preservation is carried out for 10min, the steel plate is taken out and is cleaned by clean water, and whether cracks exist is checked by coloring; thus, in the conventional sealing, cracks visible to the naked eye appear in 3 cycles, whereas in the present example, cracks appear after 16 cycles.
Example 3
The invention relates to a laser welding method of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass, which specifically comprises the following steps:
substantially the same as in example 1, the difference is that: the thickness of the Ti-Zr-Be film is 15-16 μm, a solid laser with the wavelength of 950nm is adopted as the laser, and the laser processing parameters are set as follows: the laser scanning speed was 2.5 mm.s -1 Focal length f= -2mm, laser power 229W, pulse width 10Ms, frequency 28Hz.
Through the test:
the sealing strength was 39Mpa, and the strength of the sealing after forming an oxide film on the surface of the nickel-based alloy was 12Mpa.
In the content 3%H 2 SO 4 In the corrosive environment of (1), the temperature is 100 ℃, after the heat preservation is carried out for 10min, the product is taken out and is cleaned by clean water, and whether the product has cracks is inspected by coloringLines; thus, in the conventional sealing, cracks visible to the naked eye appear in 3 cycles, whereas in the present example, cracks appear after 18 cycles.
Example 4
The invention relates to a laser welding method of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass, which specifically comprises the following steps:
substantially the same as in example 1, the difference is that: the thickness of the anodic oxide film is 18-19 mu m, a solid laser with the wavelength of 1060nm is adopted as a laser, and the laser processing parameters are set as follows: the laser scanning speed was 3.3 mm.s -1 Focal length f= -3mm, laser power 290W, pulse width 18Ms, frequency 30Hz.
Through the test:
the sealing strength was 33Mpa, and the strength of the sealing after forming an oxide film on the surface of the nickel-based alloy was 11Mpa.
In the content 3%H 2 SO 4 In the corrosion environment of (2), the temperature is 100 ℃, after the heat preservation is carried out for 10min, the steel plate is taken out and is cleaned by clean water, and whether cracks exist is checked by coloring; thus, in the conventional sealing, cracks visible to the naked eye appear in 3 cycles, whereas in the present example, cracks appear after 20 cycles.
In summary, the laser welding method for the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass adopts the laser direct melting method to weld the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass, so that the defects of welding caused by the fact that the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass are required to be placed in a heat treatment furnace and a vacuum furnace for heat preservation are avoided, the limitation of the size and the condition of a vacuum chamber when vacuum equipment is used are overcome, the defects of poor bonding strength, easiness in ageing and environmental pollution when adhesive tape sealing are avoided, the welding preparation of the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass with different sizes can be performed by optimizing the technological parameters, the advantage of high controllability is achieved, and the produced nickel-based alloy-silicon carbide glass welding can meet the high standard quality requirements of high-end manufacturing industries such as aerospace industry.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A laser welding method of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, setting a processing track according to the sizes and shapes of nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass to be welded, and preparing a welding fixture;
s2, carrying out pretreatment operation on nickel-based alloy to be welded and silicon carbide glass;
s3, clamping the nickel-based alloy and the silicon carbide glass which are pretreated in the S2 by adopting a welding clamp according to requirements, and preparing for welding;
s4, setting laser processing parameters of a laser;
s5, performing laser welding operation on the nickel-base alloy and the silicon carbide glass by a laser according to the processing track set in the S1 to form a nickel-base alloy-silicon carbide glass welded body;
s6, dismantling the welding fixture to finish the whole welding operation flow.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in S2 the pretreatment operation comprises:
carrying out vapor deposition treatment on the nickel-based alloy to Be welded, and forming a layer of Ti-Zr-Be film on the surface of the nickel-based alloy;
and cleaning the silicon carbide glass to be welded by clear water, cooling and air-drying.
3. The method of laser welding a nickel-base alloy to silicon carbide glass as claimed in claim 2, wherein the Ti-Zr-Be film has a thickness of 5 μm to 20 μm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the silicon carbide glass is covered on a part of the surface of the nickel carbide glass, the welding jigs are respectively abutted against the surface of the silicon carbide glass and the bottom surface of the nickel carbide glass to provide a clamping force in the vertical direction, the covered side of the nickel carbide is a welding seam, a welding operation area is provided between the two welding jigs on the surface of the silicon carbide glass, and the welding seam is located in the welding operation area in the vertical direction.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in S4, the laser is a solid state laser having a wavelength of 800nm to 1070 nm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in S4, the laser processing parameters are: the laser scanning speed is 1mm s -1 -3.3mm·s -1 The focal length is-3 mm less than or equal to f less than or equal to 0mm, the laser power is 150-299W, the pulse width is 0.1-20 Ms, and the frequency is 20-30 Hz.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in S5 the laser welding operation is performed in a protective atmosphere.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the protective atmosphere is an argon atmosphere.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S5, the laser is focused directly on the surface of the nickel-based alloy by penetrating the silicon carbide glass according to the processing trajectory set in S1, and the laser is melted and bonded to the silicon carbide glass.
10. A nickel-base alloy-silicon carbide glass welded body produced by the laser welding method of any one of claims 1-9.
CN202311090368.7A 2023-08-28 Laser welding method for nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass Active CN117209170B (en)

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CN202311090368.7A CN117209170B (en) 2023-08-28 Laser welding method for nickel-based alloy and silicon carbide glass

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CN117209170B CN117209170B (en) 2024-06-28

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Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080251164A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Boonrat Lohwongwatana Process for joining materials using bulk metallic glasses
CN106583924A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-04-26 苏州大学 Laser sealing method of glass and kovar alloy and sealing body
CN106735895A (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-31 苏州大学 A kind of method for laser welding of aluminium alloy glass composite
CN108687461A (en) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-23 天津大学 A kind of titanium-based amorphous alloy cored solder and preparation method thereof
CN113770502A (en) * 2021-09-14 2021-12-10 西安特种设备检验检测院 Method for welding ceramic and nickel-based alloy
CN114751751A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-15 南通三责精密陶瓷有限公司 Manufacturing method of semiconductor high-temperature water-cooling high-precision ceramic sucker and ceramic sucker
CN115070258A (en) * 2022-06-09 2022-09-20 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 Zirconium-based amorphous alloy brazing filler metal and preparation method and application thereof
CN115286264A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-04 苏州大学 Laser sealing method and sealing body for glass and ferritic stainless steel

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080251164A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Boonrat Lohwongwatana Process for joining materials using bulk metallic glasses
CN106735895A (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-31 苏州大学 A kind of method for laser welding of aluminium alloy glass composite
CN106583924A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-04-26 苏州大学 Laser sealing method of glass and kovar alloy and sealing body
CN108687461A (en) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-23 天津大学 A kind of titanium-based amorphous alloy cored solder and preparation method thereof
CN113770502A (en) * 2021-09-14 2021-12-10 西安特种设备检验检测院 Method for welding ceramic and nickel-based alloy
CN114751751A (en) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-15 南通三责精密陶瓷有限公司 Manufacturing method of semiconductor high-temperature water-cooling high-precision ceramic sucker and ceramic sucker
CN115070258A (en) * 2022-06-09 2022-09-20 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 Zirconium-based amorphous alloy brazing filler metal and preparation method and application thereof
CN115286264A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-04 苏州大学 Laser sealing method and sealing body for glass and ferritic stainless steel

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