CN117208595A

CN117208595A - Method for paving photovoltaic modules on single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field

Info

Publication number: CN117208595A
Application number: CN202311080854.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖晓伟; 罗勇军; 唐鑫龙; 刘新民; 李伟; 牛呈珏; 刘浩; 李帅华; 吴师; 曹皓; 罗宏
Original assignee: China Energy Construction Group Hunan Thermal Power Construction Co ltd
Current assignee: China Energy Construction Group Hunan Thermal Power Construction Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-25
Filing date: 2023-08-25
Publication date: 2023-12-12

Abstract

The method for installing the components on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of the flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field comprises the steps of firstly assembling the photovoltaic components according to the length mode of a single rotating shaft to form a photovoltaic group string; the photovoltaic string is transferred to the transport operation vehicle from the ground through a paving, loading and unloading operation device arranged on the transport operation vehicle, and is piled on the transport operation vehicle in sequence and is transported to a photovoltaic power generation field; then, the photovoltaic module strings are pushed onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the photovoltaic power generation field through the same paving, loading and unloading operation device, and the photovoltaic module group mechanized installation operation is realized. According to the invention, the vehicle-mounted paving and loading and unloading operation device is adopted, the photovoltaic group strings are loaded onto the transport vehicle from the assembly workshop and then are transported to the photovoltaic power generation field, and the photovoltaic group strings are pushed onto the single-shaft tracking photovoltaic bracket of the photovoltaic power generation field through the paving and loading and unloading operation device, so that the mechanized operation and installation of the group photovoltaic modules are realized, the operation efficiency can be greatly improved, and the operation labor intensity is reduced.

Description

Method for paving photovoltaic modules on single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field

Technical Field

The invention relates to an installation method of a photovoltaic module of a photovoltaic power generation field, in particular to a complete installation method of the module on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat ground photovoltaic power generation field; the method for paving the photovoltaic module on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field can be used for installing the photovoltaic group string on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support upright post of the flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field through one-time mechanized operation; belongs to the technical field of automatic installation of photovoltaic power generation fields.

Background

In recent years, with the great popularization of clean energy sources, the flat-land photovoltaic power generation also has been developed at a high speed; photovoltaic power generation is a photoelectric conversion technology that directly converts light energy into electric energy by utilizing the photovoltaic effect of a semiconductor interface. The photovoltaic power generation mainly comprises three parts of a solar panel (component), a controller and an inverter, and the main components are composed of electronic components. The solar cells are packaged and protected after being connected in series to form a large-area solar cell module, and then the solar cell module is matched with components such as a power controller and the like to form a photovoltaic power generation device; wherein the solar panel (assembly) is the most basic device, and the solar panel (assembly) is generally mounted on different mounting frames according to different scenes to form a photovoltaic field; the photovoltaic field is on land and water, and is large and small; the industrialized application of the photovoltaic power station is more than megawatt, and one 1MW approximately needs 2000-3000 photovoltaic modules, but building one photovoltaic power station generally builds up hundreds of megawatts, and one 100MW photovoltaic power station approximately has 20-30 ten thousand photovoltaic modules, one 1000MW is 1GW (1 gigawatt), and one 1GW approximately has 150-200 ten thousand photovoltaic modules; so constructing a photovoltaic field requires assembling so many photovoltaic modules on site, which is a workload and a huge task; the existing photovoltaic modules are installed on site by means of manual work one by one, and the operation can be performed by means of cooperation of a crane and a transport vehicle during installation, so that the workload is considered to be great. In the invention, researchers find that the installation of the photovoltaic module of the existing photovoltaic power station is a work with huge workload in the process of installing the photovoltaic module on site of the photovoltaic power station, and the photovoltaic power generation field for installing the photovoltaic module on Fu Zhi frames of the single-axis tracking light is generally above the gigawatt level, so that the photovoltaic module to be installed can be about 200 ten thousand, and the huge installation quantity of the photovoltaic module is time-consuming and labor-consuming even if the installation is carried out by manpower, and even if the installation is carried out by means of a crane and a transport vehicle for auxiliary operation; moreover, the photovoltaic power generation field in the flat ground is mostly selected on deserts or gobi deserts without people and smoke, and is always under the insolation of intense sun, so that heatstroke phenomenon of operators is easily caused during long-time operation; therefore, the photovoltaic module is installed with huge workload, and the working environment is very bad, which is needed to be improved.

Through search and inquiry, although the literature report about the installation of the photovoltaic module is found, the installation of the photovoltaic module also involves the combination of a plurality of photovoltaic modules to form a photovoltaic module; however, through careful reading, the installation of the photovoltaic modules is only to assemble a plurality of photovoltaic panel bodies to form a larger assembly, but the installation of the assembly needs a crane to assist in installation when the assembly is large enough, so that a plurality of operation vehicles are required to be matched simultaneously to operate, and the assembly is still installed by manually going to a group of areas when being placed on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket, so that the labor intensity is still high, and the installation labor intensity of the photovoltaic modules of a large-scale photovoltaic power station is reduced, especially the labor intensity of paving the photovoltaic modules on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-earth photovoltaic power generation field, which needs to adjust the angles of the photovoltaic modules, is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.

After patent search, related patent technical literature reports have not been found yet, and the closest patent literature includes the following:

1. the document with the Chinese patent application number of CN202310591161.1 discloses a photovoltaic module installation component and an installation method thereof, in particular to a photovoltaic module installation component and an installation method thereof, the photovoltaic module installation component comprises an inner support framework, wherein both ends of the inner support framework are respectively fixed with a top support fixing piece, the bottom surface of the inner support framework is fixed with a lap joint buckle plate, two side plates which are distributed in parallel with the lap joint buckle plate are respectively provided with a clamping component, the surface of the lap joint buckle plate is provided with a blocking piece, and the poking blocking piece limits the clamping components.

2. The patent application with the name of 'installation method and installation device of a photovoltaic module' is CN202310479897.X, and the patent discloses an installation method and an installation device of a photovoltaic module, wherein the installation method comprises the steps of automatically selecting an installation mode of the installation device for placing the photovoltaic module on an installation bracket at an installation station according to installation conditions; tilting the photovoltaic module by the mounting device so that the mounting device adsorbs the photovoltaic module; the mounting device adsorbs, moves and places the photovoltaic module on the corresponding mounting bracket based on the selected mounting mode; and securing the photovoltaic module to the mounting bracket.

3. The patent number is CN202211560684.1, the name is a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic system and an installation method, the patent discloses a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic system and an installation method, the photovoltaic module comprises a supporting frame, a photovoltaic module body, a front end lock head and a rear end lock body which are fixed on the supporting frame, a sliding clamp and a slideway matched with the sliding clamp, the slideway is connected between an upper beam and a lower beam of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module body is slidably installed on the slideway through the sliding clamp, the photovoltaic module is assisted and lifted through auxiliary lifting equipment in the installation process, the photovoltaic module is automatically slidably installed on the slideway through the auxiliary lifting equipment to form a whole row of photovoltaic modules, and finally the whole photovoltaic module is formed between the upper beam and the lower beam.

It can be seen from the description of the above patent that although installation of the photovoltaic module is currently involved and the installation of the photovoltaic module by means of an auxiliary working arm is proposed by the cn202310479897.X, the photovoltaic module still needs to be transported to the site by a transport vehicle, then lifted to the installation device by a crane and then installed by the installation device, and thus the above-mentioned problems still remain and still remain to be studied further.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at a series of problems existing in the installation of photovoltaic modules of the existing large-scale photovoltaic power station, the invention provides a method for installing the photovoltaic modules on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field directly through a transport vehicle without the cooperation of a crane; the photovoltaic module installation operation method can integrate the photovoltaic module as much as possible, meanwhile, the crane cooperation operation can be omitted, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor intensity of the installation operation is reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a complete set installation method of components on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field, which comprises the steps of firstly assembling photovoltaic components according to the length mode of a single rotating shaft to form a photovoltaic group string; the photovoltaic string is transferred to the transport operation vehicle from the ground through a paving, loading and unloading operation device arranged on the transport operation vehicle, and is piled on the transport operation vehicle in sequence and is transported to a photovoltaic power generation field; then, the photovoltaic module strings are pushed onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the photovoltaic power generation field through the same paving, loading and unloading operation device, and the photovoltaic module group mechanized installation operation is realized.

Further, the photovoltaic module is assembled in a module mode, namely the photovoltaic module, the U-shaped sandal wood strips, the U-shaped pipe clamps, the transmission shaft and the supporting bearing are preassembled into a whole in a photovoltaic assembly workshop according to the standard of 1 axial length to form a photovoltaic group string, so that transportation and installation operation of a transportation operation vehicle are facilitated.

Further, the paving, loading and unloading operation device comprises a three-dimensional storage mechanism for the photovoltaic strings, a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism and a photovoltaic string clamp; the photovoltaic string clamp is used for clamping the photovoltaic string in the whole handling, transferring and paving operation of the photovoltaic string so as to facilitate the whole handling, carrying and installation of the photovoltaic string; the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism is used for taking out the photovoltaic string from the combined frame, transferring the photovoltaic string to the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism on the transportation operation vehicle, and transferring the photovoltaic string from the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism of the transportation operation vehicle to the single-shaft tracking photovoltaic support upright post for paving after the transportation operation vehicle reaches a photovoltaic power generation field; the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism is used for temporarily storing the photovoltaic string on the transportation operation vehicle; the paving, loading and unloading operation device is arranged on the transportation operation vehicle and walks together with the transportation operation vehicle.

Further, the three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string is a three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string which enters from bottom to top; the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism is provided with a three-dimensional synchronous storage device, when the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism transfers the photovoltaic string to the transportation operation vehicle, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is continuously transferred to the bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism, the photovoltaic string clamp is jacked up by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device and is driven layer by layer from bottom to top to store in a stacking way, and the three-dimensional storage of the photovoltaic string is realized; after the transport operation vehicle reaches the photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic string is reversely moved out from the bottom layer by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string.

Further, the photovoltaic string clamp is a movable constant force clamp; the photovoltaic string clamp comprises a frame with a grapple outside, clamping jaws and a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged below the clamping jaws, and the clamping jaw is matched with a transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string in shape; the clamping jaw is of a split structure and comprises a constant force jaw and a movable jaw, wherein the movable jaw moves through a locking mechanism to open or clamp the polygonal outer edge of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string; the constant force claw guarantees that the locking moment is invariable, and the photovoltaic string clamp bottom is equipped with universal removal wheel, removes the wheel cooperation flexible arm and removes on the removal track of photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, realizes the transfer of photovoltaic string.

Further, the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism is a plurality of sections of telescopic movable rods; the telescopic movable rods are mutually nested to form a telescopic working arm; and a track for moving the photovoltaic string clamp moving wheel is arranged on the upper surface of the multi-section telescopic moving rod.

Further, the paving, loading and unloading operation device is formed by two groups of photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanisms and two groups of photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanisms which are respectively arranged at the head and the tail of a carriage of a transportation operation vehicle, and the middle of the two groups of photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanisms and the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanisms are connected by adopting a connecting rod capable of extending; the distance between the front and back of the paving frame is adjusted according to the length of the transmission shaft to realize free adjustment, so that when the two telescopic operation arms of the paving, loading and unloading operation device move to the position below the photovoltaic string, the two ends of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string are just aligned, and the photovoltaic string clamp clamps the two ends of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string.

The photovoltaic string is transferred onto the transport operation vehicle from the ground, after being assembled, the photovoltaic string is placed on the combined frame, the transport operation vehicle loaded with the paving loading and unloading operation device is driven to the side of the combined frame, and the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism of the paving loading and unloading operation device cooperates with the photovoltaic string clamp to operate, so that the photovoltaic string is taken out from the combined frame and is transferred onto the transport operation vehicle; the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the photovoltaic string transmission shaft, then moves the photovoltaic string clamp to clamp two ends of the transmission shaft, and then moves the photovoltaic string clamp clamping the photovoltaic string to the transportation operation vehicle.

When the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the photovoltaic string, the photovoltaic string clamp is firstly placed at the end of the telescopic operation arm of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism, then the telescopic operation arm of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string, and then the operation arm end lifting mechanism of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism lifts the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string, and clamping jaws of the photovoltaic string clamp are positioned at two ends of the transmission shaft, so that the clamping jaws can clamp the transmission shaft conveniently; the two ends of the transmission shaft for clamping the photovoltaic string by the movable photovoltaic string clamp are respectively provided with the transmission shaft for clamping the photovoltaic string from the two ends of the transmission shaft by the clamping jaw of the photovoltaic string clamp.

Further, after the photovoltaic strings are transferred onto the transport operation vehicle by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, the photovoltaic strings are continuously transferred to the position below the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, the photovoltaic string clamps holding the photovoltaic strings are lifted to the bottom inlet of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism by the lifting device of the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, then the three-dimensional synchronous storage device is used for grabbing the photovoltaic string clamps from two sides of the photovoltaic string clamps and synchronously moving upwards, and the photovoltaic string clamps grabbing the other layer again in the determined interval period continuously synchronously moves upwards together with the photovoltaic string clamps above, so that the three-dimensional stacking of the photovoltaic strings on the transport operation vehicle from bottom to top is realized.

Further, the photovoltaic string is pushed onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the photovoltaic power generation field through the same paving and loading and unloading operation device, after the transportation operation vehicle transports the paving and loading and unloading operation device carrying the photovoltaic string to the photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is placed onto the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism layer by layer from the bottom by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device, and then the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism drives the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string to move to the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support column in parallel, the photovoltaic string clamp is opened, the photovoltaic string is put down, and the photovoltaic string is installed on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support column.

The operation procedure of the invention is as follows:

s1) assembling a photovoltaic group string in a combination workshop of a photovoltaic module;

s2) starting a transport operation vehicle provided with a paving loading and unloading operation device to the side of the assembled photovoltaic group string;

s3) moving a lifting platform at the outermost end of a telescopic working arm of the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism to be right below a transmission shaft;

s4) starting the photovoltaic string clamp to enable clamping jaws of the photovoltaic string clamp to clamp the transmission shaft from two sides;

s5) lifting the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string to be separated from the combined support;

S6) removing the photovoltaic string by using a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism;

s7) matching the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism with a three-dimensional synchronous storage device to store the photovoltaic string in a three-dimensional synchronous way;

s8) conveying the photovoltaic string to a photovoltaic power generation field through a transportation operation vehicle;

s9) unloading the photovoltaic string stored on the transportation operation vehicle in a three-dimensional way by utilizing the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism and the three-dimensional synchronous storage device;

s10) installing the photovoltaic string on the upright post of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket by utilizing a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

according to the invention, a set of paving and loading and unloading operation device is arranged on a transportation operation vehicle, a photovoltaic string is assembled in a photovoltaic assembly workshop according to the length of a single shaft, the photovoltaic string is directly taken down from a combined frame by the paving and loading and unloading operation device and is loaded on the transportation operation vehicle in a three-dimensional storage mode, after reaching a photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic string is moved out of the transportation operation vehicle one by the paving and loading and unloading operation device and is directly mounted on a single shaft tracking photovoltaic bracket upright post; has the following advantages:

1. the invention adopts a transportation operation vehicle with a paving loading and unloading operation device, and the paving loading and unloading operation device is directly utilized to load and unload and transport the photovoltaic strings and perform field installation operation; the three-in-one function is realized, and installation operators and equipment are greatly reduced;

2. According to the standard of single-axis tracking of the axial length of 1 transmission shaft between the photovoltaic supports, the photovoltaic modules are assembled into the photovoltaic group string again in an assembly workshop in advance to form a standard module, so that the assembly and disassembly operation is convenient, the time of on-site operation can be greatly reduced, and the efficacy of on-site operation is improved;

3. according to the invention, the paving loading and unloading operation device is directly arranged on the transport vehicle, and the loading and unloading of the photovoltaic string is completed directly through the paving loading and unloading operation device, so that the crane is not required to cooperate with the operation, the dependence on crane operation can be greatly reduced, and the operation cost can be reduced; in the past, the photovoltaic modules are scattered and hoisted onto a transport vehicle by utilizing a crane, after the photovoltaic modules reach a photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic modules are hoisted above the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support upright posts from top to bottom by utilizing the crane, and then are manually installed, so that multiple crane cooperation operations are needed;

4. according to the invention, stacking is carried out from bottom to top, and the photovoltaic strings are fed in and fed out from bottom to top, so that the photovoltaic strings are directly stored in a three-dimensional temporary manner in a transportation operation vehicle, the space utilization rate of the vehicle is high, the three-dimensional storage of a plurality of photovoltaic strings can be realized, and the transportation operation efficiency is improved;

5. according to the invention, the structure of the telescopic arm is matched with the movable clamping device, and the translational photovoltaic group string is directly connected to the bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device or the upright post of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket, so that the translational mechanical loading and unloading of the photovoltaic group string can be effectively realized, and the crane matched operation is not needed any more; the laying manual workload can be greatly saved;

6. The invention starts from improving the work efficiency and improving the construction environment of workers, has semi-automatic loading and unloading vehicles and pavement, requires a small amount of manual assistance (3 persons are expected to be needed for loading and pavement, including a flat car driver), and can greatly reduce the labor intensity and improve the labor efficiency by 3-5 times compared with the conventional operation;

7. the industrial assembly of the photovoltaic module can be realized, and the batch installation is assisted by site manual work. The time of exposing workers to sunlight exposure operation is reduced, and the operation environment of the workers is improved;

8. according to the invention, the transmission shaft is directly clamped by the photovoltaic string clamp, constructors and devices are not in direct contact with the photovoltaic module all the time, and the risk of hidden cracking of the photovoltaic module due to installation is reduced;

9. the invention adopts the lower inlet and the lower outlet, all the operations are completed on the ground, the cooperation of hoisting machinery is not needed, the constructor does not need to ascend the height, and the safety of the whole operation process is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall installation of a photovoltaic string and a single axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic string layout of the photovoltaic power generation field of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single axis tracking photovoltaic support structure of the photovoltaic power generation field of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a transport vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a loading of a transport vehicle in an assembly shop in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the photovoltaic string clamp of the present invention in an initial state on a lifting platform;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state that a photovoltaic string clamp is lifted to a side of a transmission shaft on a lifting platform;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic string clamp moving on a multi-section work arm according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the photovoltaic string clamp of the present invention as it moves under a stereoscopic storage device;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the photovoltaic string clamp of the present invention from the jacking device to the synchronous rotating belt of the three-dimensional storage device;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a delivery vehicle according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention has been made by a researcher on the problems involved in the installation of the existing photovoltaic modules. The problems in the background art are found, and although the problems exist, the problems are caused by a plurality of reasons, and the problems are that a special device is lacking to a large extent to finish the whole operation engineering of loading, unloading, transporting and field installation, so that different devices such as a crane, a transport vehicle and the like are needed to cooperate to carry out the operation during the operation; the transportation needs to be carried by a vehicle, and the photovoltaic module is loaded onto the transportation vehicle from a warehouse and is required to be hoisted by a crane, and a special person is responsible for checking in the hoisting process to prevent collision; after the photovoltaic power generation field is reached, a crane is required to be lifted from the vehicle and then lifted to the stand column of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket, and then a special person is required to take care at the same time; the more devices are needed to be matched, and because the devices do not have professional working capacity, the devices are assisted by a plurality of people, and the devices naturally increase manpower, are time-consuming and labor-consuming and have low working efficiency. It is therefore a direction of interest to provide a specialized work apparatus or device.

The invention is further illustrated in the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

A complete set installation method of components on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field is disclosed, wherein the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of the flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field is shown in figures 1 and 2, a photovoltaic component installation part 3 is arranged on a stand column 2 of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket, and a rotating shaft 4 of a photovoltaic component 1 is installed in the photovoltaic component installation part 3 of the stand column 2 of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket; the rotating shaft 4 is a polygonal hollow shaft, as shown in fig. 3, the rotating shaft 4 is sleeved on a shaft sleeve 5 of the photovoltaic module mounting component 3 and is driven to rotate by a driving device 6, so that photovoltaic tracking is realized. The photovoltaic module mounting component 3 is fixed on the upright post 2 of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket through a fastener 7.

The photovoltaic module is installed by:

firstly, assembling a photovoltaic module and accessories in an assembly workshop according to a standard module with the axial length of 1 transmission shaft to form a photovoltaic group string 8, and placing the photovoltaic group string 8 on a combined bracket 9; then the transport operation vehicle 11 loaded with the paving loading and unloading operation device 10 is opened beside the combined bracket, the photovoltaic string 8 is clamped by the photovoltaic string clamp 14 of the paving loading and unloading operation device 10, the photovoltaic string 8 is taken down from the combined bracket 9 by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism 12 of the paving loading and unloading operation device 10, and is transferred to the bottom of the three-dimensional storage device 13 of the paving loading and unloading operation device 10, and three-dimensional stacking is carried out from bottom to top by the three-dimensional storage device 13, and locking and fixing are carried out; and then the transport operation vehicle 11 loaded with the photovoltaic strings is started to a photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic strings 8 are taken out layer by layer from bottom to top from the bottom of the three-dimensional storage device 13 by using the paving loading and unloading operation device 10, the photovoltaic strings 8 are pushed onto the upright posts 2 of the single-shaft tracking photovoltaic support of the photovoltaic power generation field by using the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism 12 of the paving loading and unloading operation device 10 to realize mechanized installation operation of the photovoltaic module group assemblies. The complete set installation method of the components on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field can be used for more than 1GW (1 gigawatt), the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support is adopted to support the photovoltaic power generation field, and the photovoltaic components are installed.

The whole photovoltaic module installation operation procedure of the embodiment is as follows:

s1) assembling a photovoltaic group string in a storage area of a photovoltaic module; the photovoltaic module, the U-shaped sandalwood strips, the U-shaped pipe clamps, the transmission shaft and the supporting bearing are assembled into a standard photovoltaic string integral module according to the standard of the axial length of 1 transmission shaft on a single-shaft tracking photovoltaic support of a photovoltaic power generation field, and a modularized photovoltaic string 8 is formed, so that two ends of the transmission shaft 4 are exposed out, as shown in figure 2, and the assembled photovoltaic string is placed on a combined support 9 of a storage area, so that two exposed parts of the two ends of the transmission shaft are clamped on the combined support 9. Therefore, the exposed parts at the two ends of the transmission shaft can be fully utilized to form clamping points, and the whole assembly, disassembly, transportation and installation operations can be carried out, so that the work load of the photovoltaic power generation field can be greatly saved, and the transportation and installation operations of the transportation operation vehicle are facilitated; the assembled photovoltaic string must have uniform template specification, so that the paving, loading and unloading operation device can be conveniently operated and stored;

s2) opening the transport operation vehicle 11 provided with the paving loading and unloading operation device 10 to the side of the combined bracket 9 for placing the assembled photovoltaic string; the transport operation vehicle is provided with a paving operation device, the paving operation device comprises a photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism 13, a photovoltaic string operation mechanism 12 and a photovoltaic string clamp 14, the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism 13 and the photovoltaic string operation mechanism 12 are respectively provided with a set of assembly at two ends of a head and a tail on a platform of the transport operation vehicle, and the two assemblies synchronously run; the paving loading and unloading operation device 10 must be installed on a transport operation vehicle with the carriage plate length not less than 12 m and the carriage plate height not more than 1 m so as to meet the requirement of the single shaft of the photovoltaic power generation field for tracking the length of 1 shaft of the transmission shaft on the photovoltaic bracket; after the transport operation vehicle 11 reaches the position where the assembled photovoltaic string is placed at the combined support 9, the front and rear multi-section telescopic operation arms 15 in the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism 12 of the paving loading and unloading operation device 10 are required to be parked in the direction opposite to the combined support, and the distance between the edge plate edge of the transport operation vehicle and the center of the combined support is not more than 2.5 meters;

S3) moving a lifting platform 16 at the outermost end of a multi-section telescopic working arm 15 of the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism to the position right below the transmission shaft 4; the outermost end of the multi-section telescopic working arm 15 is connected with a lifting device, and the lifting device comprises a lifting platform frame 21, a lifting screw 17 and a lifting platform 16; the lifting platform 16 is mounted on top of the lifting screw; lifting screws 17 on lifting platforms 16 at the outermost ends of a plurality of sections of telescopic working arms 15 of a vehicle head and vehicle tail two groups of photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanisms are reduced to the lowest height, so that two photovoltaic string clamps 14 are respectively placed on the two lifting platforms 16; then, starting the multi-section telescopic working arm 15 to enable the lifting platform 16 to be located on the lifting platform frame 21; the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15 extends out until the photovoltaic string clamp 14 moves to the position right below the end part of the transmission shaft 4 supported by the combined bracket 9, as shown in fig. 6; in the process, the multi-section movable telescopic boom 15 is manually assisted, the length and the horizontal swing of the multi-section telescopic boom 15 are finely adjusted, and the position of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is ensured to be correct; starting the lifting screw 17 of the lifting platform 16 again to lift the photovoltaic string clamp 14 to the front and rear of the exposed part of the end part of the transmission shaft 4, so that the clamping jaws 18 of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 are opposite to the transmission shaft 4 from two sides, as shown in fig. 7;

S4) starting the photovoltaic string clamp so that clamping jaws 18 of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 clamp two ends of the exposed end part of the transmission shaft 4 from two sides; starting a locking mechanism 21 of the photovoltaic string clamp 14, and enabling clamping jaws 18 of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 to clamp the transmission shaft 4 from two sides through locking screws 19 of the locking mechanism 21; the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is a movable constant force clamp; the photovoltaic string clamp 14 comprises a frame 20 with a grapple at the outer part, clamping jaws 18 and a locking screw 19, wherein the locking screw 19 is arranged below the clamping jaws 18, and the clamping jaw is matched with the transmission shaft 4 of the photovoltaic string in shape; the clamping jaw 18 is of a split structure and comprises a constant force claw 22 and a movable claw 23, the movable claw 23 rotates through a locking screw 19 of a locking mechanism 21 to drive the movable claw 23 to move, and the polygonal outer edge of the transmission shaft 4 of the photovoltaic string is opened or clamped; the constant force claw 22 ensures constant locking torque and is an elastic clamping jaw; when clamping jaws 18 of the photovoltaic string clamp the transmission shaft from two sides, the transmission shaft 4 is clamped by moving jaws 23; the jaw shape of the constant force jaw 22 and one of the moving jaws 23 is determined according to the shape of the drive shaft, and is of polygonal structure so as to clamp the drive shaft, as shown in fig. 7; in this embodiment octagonal jaws;

S5) lifting the photovoltaic string clamp 14 holding the photovoltaic string to be separated from the combined support 9; after the transmission shaft is clamped, a lifting screw rod 17 of a lifting platform is further started to lift a photovoltaic string clamp 14 holding the photovoltaic string until the bottommost part of the transmission shaft 4 is higher than the limit of the combined frame 9 and is separated from the combined frame 9;

s6) removing the photovoltaic string 8 by using the photovoltaic string handling mechanism 12; after the photovoltaic string clamp 14 holding the photovoltaic string is lifted and separated from the combined bracket, retracting the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15 to recover the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15, and driving the photovoltaic string clamp 14 holding the photovoltaic string 8 to move into a platform of the transportation operation vehicle 11 in the recovery process, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9; when the transmission shaft 4 is completely separated from the limiting block of the combined bracket 9, the lifting screw 17 of the lifting platform 16 is started to reversely rotate, so that the lifting platform 16 is lowered until the bottommost part of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is flush with the top of the multi-section telescopic operating arm 15; the bottom of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is provided with a universal moving wheel 24, and the moving wheel 24 is matched with the multi-section telescopic arm 15 to move on a moving track 25 of a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism; after the lifting screw 17 of the lifting platform 16 descends, the multi-section telescopic arm 15 retracts, so that the moving wheel 24 at the bottom of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is close to the moving track 25 on the upper surface of the multi-section telescopic arm 15 and contacts with the magnetic suction rod telescopic arm 26; the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is driven by the magnetic suction rod telescopic operation arm 26 and is further recovered along with the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15, so that the movable wheel 24 at the bottom of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 moves in the platform 27 of the transportation operation vehicle in the movable track of the upper surface of the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15 until the movable wheel moves to the middle position 28 of the lifting channel at the bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13; the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15 and/or the magnetic suction rod telescopic operation arm 26 are/is electric or hydraulic multi-section telescopic operation arms, the head of the magnetic suction rod telescopic operation arm 26 is a magnetic suction cup with magnetic force, the magnetic suction cup sucks the frame of the photovoltaic string clamp 14, simultaneously pulls the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15 to retract together, and pulls a group of photovoltaic string 8 and the group of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 back to the lower side of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13 together, so that the bottom of the frame of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is just above the middle position 28 of the lifting channel at the bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13 above the storage lifting device 29, and the storage lifting device 29 lifts the group of the photovoltaic string clamp 14;

S7) matching the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism with a three-dimensional synchronous storage device to store the photovoltaic string in a three-dimensional synchronous way; a stereoscopic synchronous storage device 13 of a paving loading and unloading operation device is arranged on a platform 27 of the transportation operation vehicle 11, as shown in fig. 4; the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13 is formed by combining two sets of up-down synchronous drive storage devices 30, the two sets of up-down synchronous drive storage devices 30 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the head and the tail of the platform 27 of the transportation operation vehicle 11, and the two sets of up-down synchronous drive storage devices 30 are synchronously driven; the three-dimensional storage of the photovoltaic string is realized by two sets of up-and-down synchronous driving storage devices 30 and the synchronous operation of each set of up-and-down synchronous driving storage devices. The up-down synchronous driving storage device 30 comprises two vertical plates 31, wherein the two vertical plates 31 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the head and the tail of the platform 27 of the transportation operation vehicle, and the middle parts of the two vertical plates are connected by adopting a connecting piece capable of being extended to form a whole; a connecting plate 32 is arranged at the top of each vertical plate 31, one side of the connecting plate 32 is connected with the vertical plate 31, and the other side is connected with a vertical synchronous device mounting plate 33 corresponding to the vertical plate, so as to form a synchronous device mounting bracket similar to a cantilever; synchronous driving belts 34 which run up and down synchronously are respectively arranged on the vertical plate 31 and the vertical synchronous device mounting plate 33, synchronous storage hooks 35 are uniformly arranged on the outer edges of the two synchronous driving belts 34 in pairs at symmetrical intervals, each pair of synchronous storage hooks 35 can hang one photovoltaic string clamp 14 and drive the photovoltaic string clamp 14 to run up and down synchronously, and three-dimensional synchronous storage of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is realized, as shown in fig. 9. When the photovoltaic string handling operation mechanism 12 moves the photovoltaic string clamp 14 to the middle position 28 of the lifting channel at the bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13, the storage jacking device 29 arranged at the middle bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13 lifts the photovoltaic string clamp 14 holding the photovoltaic string and starts the two synchronous driving belts 34 of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device, the synchronous storage hooks 35 are arranged on the synchronous driving belts 34, after the storage jacking device 29 lifts the photovoltaic string clamp 14 holding the photovoltaic string to the position below the synchronous rotating wheels 36 of the synchronous driving belts 34, the hanging lugs 37 at two sides of the supporting frame of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 are hung from two sides through the synchronous storage hooks 35 on the upper edge of the synchronous driving belts 34, and gradually move from bottom to top layer by layer, and the vertical three-dimensional storage of the photovoltaic string is realized according to one storage station lifting of the photovoltaic string; when the photovoltaic string stored in the first layer reaches the top position of the synchronous rotation chain wheel (six layers are generally adopted), the rotation of the synchronous driving belt 34 is stopped, the storage of the photovoltaic string is not increased any more, and the photovoltaic string clamp 14 for clamping the photovoltaic string in the last layer is connected with the photovoltaic string in series and falls on the track 25 of the multi-section telescopic operation arm at the middle bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13; then locking the three-dimensional synchronous storage device and the multi-section telescopic operation arm to enable each layer of photovoltaic group 8 and the photovoltaic group string clamp 14 thereof to be in a fixed state so as to be convenient for transportation; the synchronous driving belt 34 can be an annular chain synchronous conveying belt driven by a chain wheel, and synchronous storage hooks are uniformly arranged on pin shafts of the chain at intervals; the synchronous storage hooks can also be uniformly arranged on the back of the synchronous teeth of the synchronous belt transmission belt at intervals.

S8) conveying the photovoltaic group string to a photovoltaic field of a photovoltaic power station through a transportation operation vehicle; after the photovoltaic string is assembled on the transport operation vehicle 11 in an assembly workshop, fixing all the photovoltaic strings assembled on the transport operation vehicle 11, preventing the photovoltaic string 8 and the photovoltaic string clamp 14 thereof from shaking in the middle of transportation, starting the transport operation vehicle 11 after the photovoltaic string 8 and the photovoltaic string clamp 14 thereof are fixed, and transporting the photovoltaic string 8 and the photovoltaic string clamp 14 thereof stored on the transport operation vehicle to a photovoltaic field of a photovoltaic power station in a three-dimensional storage posture;

s9) unloading the photovoltaic string stored on the transportation operation vehicle in a three-dimensional way by utilizing the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism and the three-dimensional synchronous storage device; after the transport operation vehicle 11 arrives at the photovoltaic field site, the ports of two multi-section telescopic operation arms 15 of a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism 12 on the transport operation vehicle 11 are aligned with the upright posts 2 of two single-axis tracking photovoltaic brackets, and then the photovoltaic string 8 which is stored on the transport operation vehicle 11 in a three-dimensional way is unloaded by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism 12 and the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13 in a matching way; the unloading operation procedure of the photovoltaic string 8 stored on the transportation operation vehicle 11 is an operation procedure opposite to the operation procedure during storage, and the photovoltaic string stored in the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13 is taken out from the bottom layer to layer; the distance between the longitudinal axis of the transportation operation vehicle and the column line of the column of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support is controlled within 3.5 meters, and the front-back deviation of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support is not more than 1 meter;

S10) installing the photovoltaic string on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket by utilizing a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism; after the transport operation vehicle 11 reaches a photovoltaic power generation field, the ports of two multi-section telescopic operation arms 15 of a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism 12 on the transport operation vehicle 11 are respectively aligned with the upright posts 2 of two single-shaft tracking photovoltaic brackets; after aligning the upright post 2 of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support, the photovoltaic string 8 taken out of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device 13 is pushed by the magnetic suction rod telescopic operation arm 26 together with the photovoltaic string clamp 14, moves to the upper part of the upright post 2 of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support through the multi-section telescopic operation arm 15 of the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism 12, descends through the lifting screw 17 on the lifting platform 16 at the outermost end of the multi-section telescopic operation arm, so that the photovoltaic string 8 descends together with the photovoltaic string clamp 14 until the transmission shaft 4 falls on the upright post 2 of the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support, and after the locking mechanism 19 of the photovoltaic string clamp 14 is loosened, the photovoltaic string installation of the standard module is completed through manual installation and fixation, and the installation of the photovoltaic assembly of the whole shaft is completed.

The photovoltaic string clamp is used for clamping the photovoltaic string in the whole loading, unloading, transferring and paving operation of the photovoltaic string so as to facilitate the whole loading, unloading, carrying and installing of the photovoltaic string; the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism is used for taking out the photovoltaic string from the photovoltaic string storage shelf, sending the photovoltaic string to the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism on the transportation operation vehicle, and then after the transportation operation vehicle reaches a photovoltaic power generation field, moving the photovoltaic string from the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism of the transportation operation vehicle to the shaft tracking photovoltaic bracket for paving; the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism is used for temporarily storing the photovoltaic string on the transportation operation vehicle;

the paving, loading and unloading operation device is arranged on the transportation operation vehicle and walks together with the transportation operation vehicle.

The three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string is a three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string which enters from bottom to bottom; the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism is provided with a three-dimensional synchronous storage device, when the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism transfers the photovoltaic string to the transportation operation vehicle, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is continuously transferred to the bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism, the photovoltaic string clamp is jacked up by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device and is driven layer by layer from bottom to top to store in a stacking way, and the three-dimensional storage of the photovoltaic string is realized; after the transport operation vehicle reaches the photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic string is reversely moved out from the bottom layer by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string.

The photovoltaic string clamp is a movable constant force clamp; the photovoltaic string clamp comprises a frame with a grapple outside, clamping jaws and a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged below the clamping jaws, and the clamping jaw is matched with a transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string in shape; the clamping jaw is of a split structure and comprises a constant force jaw and a movable jaw, wherein the movable jaw moves through a locking mechanism to open or clamp the octagonal outer edge of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string; the constant force claw guarantees that the locking moment is invariable, and the photovoltaic string clamp bottom is equipped with universal removal wheel, removes the wheel cooperation flexible arm and removes on the removal track of photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, realizes the transfer of photovoltaic string.

The photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism is a multi-section telescopic movable rod piece; the telescopic movable rods are mutually nested to form a telescopic working arm; and a track for moving the photovoltaic string clamp moving wheel is arranged on the upper surface of the multi-section telescopic moving rod.

The paving, loading and unloading operation devices are two groups of one, namely, two groups of photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanisms and two groups of photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanisms are respectively arranged at the head and the tail of a carriage of the transportation operation vehicle, and the middle of the two groups of photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanisms and the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanisms are connected by adopting a connecting rod capable of extending; the distance between the front and back of the paving frame is adjusted according to the length of the transmission shaft to realize free adjustment, so that when the two telescopic operation arms of the paving, loading and unloading operation device move to the position below the photovoltaic string, the two ends of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string are just aligned, and the photovoltaic string clamp clamps the two ends of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string.

The photovoltaic string is transferred onto the transport operation vehicle from the ground, after the photovoltaic string is assembled, the transport operation vehicle loaded with the paving loading and unloading operation device is placed on the combined frame, the transport operation vehicle is driven beside the combined frame, and the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism of the paving loading and unloading operation device cooperates with the photovoltaic string clamp to take out the photovoltaic string from the combined frame and transfer the photovoltaic string to the transport operation vehicle; the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the photovoltaic string transmission shaft, then moves the photovoltaic string clamp to clamp two ends of the transmission shaft, and then moves the photovoltaic string clamp clamping the photovoltaic string to the transportation operation vehicle.

When the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the photovoltaic string, the photovoltaic string clamp is firstly placed at the end of the telescopic operation arm of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism, then the telescopic operation arm of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string, and then the operation arm end lifting mechanism of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism lifts the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string, and the clamping jaws of the photovoltaic string clamp are positioned at the two ends of the transmission shaft, so that the clamping jaws can clamp the transmission shaft conveniently; the two ends of the transmission shaft for clamping the photovoltaic string by the movable photovoltaic string clamp are respectively provided with the transmission shaft for clamping the photovoltaic string from the two ends of the transmission shaft by the clamping jaw of the photovoltaic string clamp.

The photovoltaic string is stacked on the transport operation vehicle in sequence, after being transferred onto the transport operation vehicle by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, the photovoltaic string is continuously transferred to the position below the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is lifted to the bottom inlet of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism by the lifting device of the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, then the three-dimensional synchronous storage device is used for grabbing the photovoltaic string clamp from two sides of the photovoltaic string clamp to synchronously move upwards, and the photovoltaic string clamp grabbing the other layer again in the determined interval period continuously moves upwards together with the photovoltaic string clamp above in synchronization, so that the three-dimensional stacking of the photovoltaic string on the transport operation vehicle is realized.

The photovoltaic string is pushed onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the photovoltaic power generation field through the same paving and loading and unloading operation device, after the transportation operation vehicle transports the paving and loading and unloading operation device carrying the photovoltaic string to the photovoltaic power generation board installation site, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is placed onto the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism layer by layer from the bottom by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device, the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism drives the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string to move onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support, the photovoltaic string clamp is opened, the photovoltaic string is put down, and the photovoltaic string is installed on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support.

It should be noted that: the above-listed embodiments are only to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, and that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "middle", etc. used in this specification are also for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, but rather the relative relationships thereof may be altered or modified without materially altering the technology to the extent that the invention may be practiced. Meanwhile, the structures, proportions, sizes and the like shown in the drawings are only used for being matched with the disclosure of the specification, so that people skilled in the art can know and read the structures, proportions and sizes, and the like, and are not limited by the practical limit conditions of the invention, so that the structure modification, the proportion relation change or the size adjustment do not have any technical significance, and all fall within the scope covered by the technical disclosure of the invention under the condition that the effect and the achieved aim of the invention are not affected. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

Claims

1. The method for installing the components on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of the flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field in a complete mode is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, assembling the photovoltaic module according to the length mode of a single rotating shaft to form a photovoltaic group string; the photovoltaic string is transferred to the transport operation vehicle from the ground through a paving, loading and unloading operation device arranged on the transport operation vehicle, and is piled on the transport operation vehicle in sequence and is transported to a photovoltaic power generation field; then, the photovoltaic module strings are pushed onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the photovoltaic power generation field through the same paving, loading and unloading operation device, and the photovoltaic module group mechanized installation operation is realized.

2. The method for paving a photovoltaic module on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the photovoltaic module is assembled according to the length mode of a single rotating shaft, namely the photovoltaic module, the U-shaped sandal wood strips, the U-shaped pipe clamps, the transmission shaft and the supporting bearing are preassembled into a whole in a photovoltaic assembly workshop according to the standard of 1 shaft length to form a photovoltaic group string, so that transportation and installation operation of a transportation operation vehicle are facilitated.

3. The method for paving a photovoltaic module on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the paving, loading and unloading operation device comprises a three-dimensional storage mechanism for photovoltaic strings, a photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism and a photovoltaic string clamp; the photovoltaic string clamp is used for clamping the photovoltaic string in the whole handling, transferring and paving operation of the photovoltaic string so as to facilitate the whole handling, carrying and installation of the photovoltaic string; the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism is used for taking out the photovoltaic string from the combined frame, transferring the photovoltaic string to the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism on the transportation operation vehicle, and transferring the photovoltaic string from the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism of the transportation operation vehicle to the single-shaft tracking photovoltaic support upright post for paving after the transportation operation vehicle reaches a photovoltaic power generation field; the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism is used for temporarily storing the photovoltaic string on the transportation operation vehicle; the paving, loading and unloading operation device is arranged on the transportation operation vehicle and walks together with the transportation operation vehicle.

4. A method of paving a photovoltaic module on a single axis tracking photovoltaic support of a flat land photovoltaic farm as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string is a three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string which enters from bottom to bottom; the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism is provided with a three-dimensional synchronous storage device, when the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism transfers the photovoltaic string to the transportation operation vehicle, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is continuously transferred to the bottom of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism, the photovoltaic string clamp is jacked up by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device and is driven layer by layer from bottom to top to store in a stacking way, and the three-dimensional storage of the photovoltaic string is realized; after the transport operation vehicle reaches the photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic string is reversely moved out from the bottom layer by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the three-dimensional storage mechanism of the photovoltaic string.

5. A method of paving a photovoltaic module on a single axis tracking photovoltaic support of a flat land photovoltaic farm as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the photovoltaic string clamp is a movable constant force clamp; the photovoltaic string clamp comprises a frame with a grapple outside, clamping jaws and a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged below the clamping jaws, and the clamping jaw is matched with a transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string in shape; the clamping jaw is of a split structure and comprises a constant force jaw and a movable jaw, wherein the movable jaw moves through a locking mechanism to open or clamp the polygonal outer edge of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string; the constant force claw ensures constant locking torque; the bottom of the photovoltaic string clamp is provided with a universal moving wheel, and the moving wheel is matched with the telescopic arm to move on a moving track of the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, so that the transfer of the photovoltaic string is realized.

6. A method of paving a photovoltaic module on a single axis tracking photovoltaic support of a flat land photovoltaic farm as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism is a multi-section telescopic movable rod piece; the telescopic movable rods are mutually nested to form a telescopic working arm; and a track for moving the photovoltaic string clamp moving wheel is arranged on the upper surface of the multi-section telescopic moving rod.

7. A method of paving a photovoltaic module on a single axis tracking photovoltaic support of a flat land photovoltaic farm as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the paving, loading and unloading operation devices are two groups of one, namely, two groups of photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanisms and two groups of photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanisms are respectively arranged at the head and the tail of a carriage of the transportation operation vehicle, and the middle of the two groups of photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanisms and the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanisms are connected by adopting a connecting rod capable of extending; the distance between the front and back of the paving frame is adjusted according to the length of the transmission shaft to realize free adjustment, so that when the two telescopic operation arms of the paving, loading and unloading operation device move to the position below the photovoltaic string, the two ends of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string are just aligned, and the photovoltaic string clamp clamps the two ends of the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string.

8. The method for paving a photovoltaic module on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the photovoltaic string is transferred onto the transport operation vehicle from the ground, after the photovoltaic string is assembled, the transport operation vehicle loaded with the paving loading and unloading operation device is placed on the combined frame, the transport operation vehicle is driven beside the combined frame, and the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism of the paving loading and unloading operation device cooperates with the photovoltaic string clamp to take out the photovoltaic string from the combined frame and transfer the photovoltaic string to the transport operation vehicle; the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the photovoltaic string transmission shaft, then moves the photovoltaic string clamp to clamp two ends of the transmission shaft, and then moves the photovoltaic string clamp clamping the photovoltaic string to the transportation operation vehicle.

9. The method for paving a photovoltaic module on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the photovoltaic string, the photovoltaic string clamp is firstly placed at the end of the telescopic operation arm of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism, then the telescopic operation arm of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism moves the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string, and then the operation arm end lifting mechanism of the photovoltaic string assembling and disassembling operation mechanism lifts the photovoltaic string clamp to the position below the transmission shaft of the photovoltaic string, and the clamping jaws of the photovoltaic string clamp are positioned at the two ends of the transmission shaft, so that the clamping jaws can clamp the transmission shaft conveniently; the two ends of the transmission shaft for clamping the photovoltaic string by the movable photovoltaic string clamp are respectively provided with the transmission shaft for clamping the photovoltaic string from the two ends of the transmission shaft by the clamping jaw of the photovoltaic string clamp.

10. The method for paving a photovoltaic module on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the photovoltaic string is stacked on the transport operation vehicle in sequence, after being transferred onto the transport operation vehicle by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, the photovoltaic string is continuously transferred to the position below the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism by the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is lifted to the bottom inlet of the three-dimensional synchronous storage device of the photovoltaic string three-dimensional storage mechanism by the lifting device of the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism, then the three-dimensional synchronous storage device is used for grabbing the photovoltaic string clamp from two sides of the photovoltaic string clamp to synchronously move upwards, and the photovoltaic string clamp grabbing the other layer again in the determined interval period continuously moves upwards together with the photovoltaic string clamp above in synchronization, so that the three-dimensional stacking of the photovoltaic string on the transport operation vehicle is realized.

11. The method for paving a photovoltaic module on a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket of a flat-ground photovoltaic power generation field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the photovoltaic string is pushed onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support of the photovoltaic power generation field through the same paving and loading and unloading operation device, after the transportation operation vehicle transports the paving and loading operation device carrying the photovoltaic string to the photovoltaic power generation field, the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string is placed onto the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism layer by layer from the bottom by the three-dimensional synchronous storage device, the photovoltaic string loading and unloading operation mechanism drives the photovoltaic string clamp holding the photovoltaic string to move onto the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support column, the photovoltaic string clamp is opened, the photovoltaic string is put down, and the photovoltaic string is installed on the single-axis tracking photovoltaic support column.