CN117192628A - Deep fracture water-bearing stratum distribution identification method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法,包括:钻探若干物探孔;沿物探孔分别下放对应的电阻率测试装置,获得待测试区域的地层数据;基于任意两个物探孔的两组地层数据,构建孔间地层电阻率云图;基于孔间地层电阻率云图,获取两组反演地层数据;基于两组反演地层数据获得两条变化规律曲线;基于两组反演地层数据,获得电阻率基准线值;基于电阻率基准线值以及两条变化规律曲线,构建变化规律图;基于变化规律图获取深部破碎含水地层分布信息;该方法可以准确地识别深部破碎含水地层的分布情况,可以直观地展示深部破碎含水地层的变化趋势和规律,为深部地下工程的安全建设施工提供可靠指导依据。
This application discloses a method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata, which includes: drilling a number of geophysical exploration holes; lowering corresponding resistivity testing devices along the geophysical exploration holes to obtain stratigraphic data of the area to be tested; two groups based on any two geophysical exploration holes Based on the formation data, a cloud map of the formation resistivity between the holes is constructed; based on the formation resistivity cloud map between the holes, two sets of inversion stratigraphic data are obtained; based on the two sets of inversion formation data, two change regularity curves are obtained; based on the two sets of inversion formation data, The resistivity baseline value; based on the resistivity baseline value and two change curves, a change pattern is constructed; based on the change pattern, the distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata is obtained; this method can accurately identify the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata, It can visually display the changing trends and patterns of deep fractured water-bearing strata, and provide reliable guidance for the safe construction of deep underground projects.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及深部地层探测技术领域,尤其涉及一种深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法。The present disclosure relates to the technical field of deep formation detection, and in particular to a method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing formations.
背景技术Background technique
在深部工程建设过程中时有突水、涌水事故的发生,研究和工程实践均表明水害已成为深部工程建设的首要风险隐患,因此,提高深部工程区工程地质和水文地质探测的准确性和可靠性,是科学评价涌水风险、有效治理水害的先决条件。Water inrush and water inrush accidents occur from time to time during the construction of deep engineering projects. Research and engineering practice have shown that water damage has become the primary risk hazard in deep engineering construction. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the accuracy and reliability of engineering geology and hydrogeological detection in deep engineering areas. Safety is a prerequisite for scientifically evaluating water inrush risks and effectively controlling water damage.
目前,深部工程在建设期间大多数靠传统的探水勘察孔来观测水情况,只能观测出水情况,所获取的信息也只是有限的水文信息,无法全面评估整个工作面前方地层的水情,无法定量表征深部地层的赋存状态;无法获取整个地层的全貌,就难以准确评估涌水风险,可能导致工作面前方地层的涌水无法及时发现和处理,极大增加了工程发生安全事故的风险,对工作人员的安全造成极大威胁。At present, most deep projects rely on traditional water exploration holes to observe water conditions during construction. They can only observe water conditions, and the information obtained is only limited hydrological information. It is impossible to comprehensively assess the water conditions of the strata in front of the entire working face. It is impossible to quantitatively characterize the occurrence status of deep strata; without obtaining a complete picture of the entire stratum, it is difficult to accurately assess the risk of water inrush, which may result in the failure to detect and handle water inrush in the strata in front of the working face in a timely manner, greatly increasing the risk of safety accidents in the project. The safety of staff is extremely threatened.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本公开实施例提供了一种深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法,至少部分的解决现有技术中存在的无法获取深部破碎含水地层的精准分布情况的问题。In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata, which at least partially solves the problem in the prior art of being unable to obtain accurate distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata.
本公开实施例提供了一种深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法,该方法包括:Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata, which method includes:
钻探Q个物探孔;Drill Q geophysical holes;
沿Q个所述物探孔分别下放对应的电阻率测试装置,获得待测试区域的Q组地层数据;每组所述地层数据均包括若干原始电阻率数据以及若干电极坐标数据,每个所述原始电阻率数据与每个所述电极坐标数据一一对应;Corresponding resistivity test devices are lowered along the Q physical exploration holes to obtain Q sets of formation data in the area to be tested; each set of formation data includes a number of original resistivity data and a number of electrode coordinate data, and each of the original The resistivity data corresponds one-to-one with each electrode coordinate data;
基于任意两个所述物探孔的两组所述地层数据,构建孔间地层电阻率云图;Based on the two sets of formation data from any two geophysical holes, construct a formation resistivity cloud map between the holes;
基于所述孔间地层电阻率云图,获取两组反演地层数据;每组所述反演地层数据均包括若干反演电阻率数据以及若干反演坐标点数据,且所述反演电阻率数据与所述反演坐标点数据一一对应;Based on the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map, two sets of inversion formation data are obtained; each set of the inversion formation data includes a number of inversion resistivity data and a number of inversion coordinate point data, and the inversion resistivity data One-to-one correspondence with the inversion coordinate point data;
基于两组所述反演地层数据获得两条变化规律曲线;Based on the two sets of inverted stratigraphic data, two change law curves were obtained;
基于两组所述反演地层数据,获得电阻率基准线值;Based on the two sets of inverted formation data, the resistivity baseline value is obtained;
基于所述电阻率基准线值以及两条所述变化规律曲线,构建变化规律图;Based on the resistivity baseline value and the two change law curves, a change law diagram is constructed;
基于所述变化规律图获取深部破碎含水地层分布信息;Obtain distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata based on the change pattern;
其中,Q≥2。Among them, Q≥2.
可选的,Q个所述物探孔平行等间隔、等深度钻设,且Q个所述物探孔均位于深部工程掌子面的前方;Optionally, the Q geophysical exploration holes are drilled in parallel at equal intervals and at equal depths, and the Q geophysical exploration holes are located in front of the deep engineering tunnel face;
所述物探孔的深度与相邻孔间距的比值为2。The ratio of the depth of the geophysical exploration hole to the spacing between adjacent holes is 2.
可选的,所述电阻率测试装置为包含预设数量电极的电阻率测试专用电缆;Optionally, the resistivity testing device is a dedicated resistivity testing cable containing a preset number of electrodes;
所述电阻率测试专用电缆的前端装设有预设重量的配重锤。The front end of the special resistivity test cable is equipped with a counterweight with a preset weight.
可选的,所述基于任意两个所述物探孔的两组所述地层数据,构建孔间地层电阻率云图,包括:Optionally, based on the two sets of formation data of any two geophysical holes, constructing an inter-hole formation resistivity nephogram, including:
剔除两组所述地层数据中的噪声数据,获得第一数据集合;所述第一数据集合包括剔除噪声数据之后的若干原始电阻率数据以及对应的电极坐标数据;Eliminate the noise data in the two sets of formation data to obtain a first data set; the first data set includes several original resistivity data and corresponding electrode coordinate data after eliminating the noise data;
采用层析成像法对所述第一数据集合进行分布迭代反演成像,获得所述孔间地层电阻率云图。The tomography method is used to perform distributed iterative inversion imaging on the first data set to obtain the formation resistivity cloud map between the holes.
可选的,所述基于所述孔间地层电阻率云图,获取两组反演地层数据,包括:Optionally, based on the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map, obtain two sets of inversion formation data, including:
将所述孔间地层电阻率云图划分为若干预设尺寸的的正方形网格;Divide the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map into a number of square grids of preset sizes;
根据预设电阻率云图比例尺刻度分别提取两组所述物探孔的反演地层数据。The inverted stratigraphic data of the two groups of geophysical holes are respectively extracted according to the preset resistivity cloud chart scale.
可选的,所述反演电阻率数据的数量与所述原始电阻率数据的数量一致。Optionally, the number of inverted resistivity data is consistent with the number of original resistivity data.
可选的,所述基于两组所述反演地层数据,获得电阻率基准线值,包括:Optionally, the resistivity baseline value is obtained based on the two sets of inverted formation data, including:
基于两组所述反演地层数据分别获取两个基准值;Two benchmark values are obtained based on the two sets of inverted stratigraphic data;
两个所述基准值的平均值即为所述电阻率基准线值;The average of the two reference values is the resistivity baseline value;
所述基准值为,/>;其中,/>为含水系数,/>为第/>个物探孔中的测点个数,/>为测试点编号,/>为第/>个物探孔内的反演电阻率数据,/>为与所述反演电阻率数据对应的反演坐标点数据。The base value is ,/> ;wherein,/> is the moisture content coefficient,/> For the first/> The number of measuring points in each object exploration hole,/> is the test point number,/> For the first/> Inverted resistivity data within individual geophysical exploration holes,/> is the inversion coordinate point data corresponding to the inversion resistivity data.
可选的,该方法还包括:采用超声波探测技术,判断所述物探孔中是否含水;Optionally, the method also includes: using ultrasonic detection technology to determine whether the geophysical exploration hole contains water;
若是,为1;if, is 1;
若否,为-1。If not, is -1.
可选的,所述基于所述变化规律图获取深部破碎含水地层分布信息,包括:Optionally, obtaining distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata based on the change pattern includes:
基于所述变化规律图,获取两条所述变化规律曲线低于所述电阻率基准线值的第一曲线区域、第二曲线区域;Based on the change pattern, obtain a first curve area and a second curve area where the two change pattern curves are lower than the resistivity baseline value;
获取所述第一曲线区域、所述第二曲线区域的交集区域,即为所述深部破碎含水地层的分布区域。The intersection area of the first curve area and the second curve area is obtained, which is the distribution area of the deep fractured water-bearing strata.
可选的,该方法还包括:基于所述交集区域,获取所有的测试点坐标;Optionally, the method also includes: obtaining the coordinates of all test points based on the intersection area;
基于所述测试点坐标,构建地层分区破裂分布图;Based on the coordinates of the test points, construct a formation partition fracture distribution map;
所述地层分区破裂分布图的横坐标为预设跨度,纵坐标为测深。The abscissa of the formation zone fracture distribution map is the preset span, and the ordinate is the depth measurement.
本申请公开的深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法,通过钻探和电阻率测试装置获取多组地层数据,并构建孔间地层电阻率云图和反演地层数据,可以准确地识别深部破碎含水地层的分布情况;该方法以多组原始电阻率数据和电极坐标数据作为基础,通过反演地层数据和反演坐标点数据获取深部地层的电阻率信息,从而实现对含水地层的多维度分析;基于预设公式和反演地层数据,该方法可以获得电阻率基准线值,并结合两组反演地层数据构建变化规律图,这样,可以直观地展示深部破碎含水地层的变化趋势和规律;通过分析变化规律图,可以获取深部破碎含水地层的分布信息,这对于工程建设、地质勘探等领域具有重要意义,可以为相关决策提供科学依据和参考。The method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing formations disclosed in this application can accurately identify the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing formations by acquiring multiple sets of formation data through drilling and resistivity testing devices, and constructing inter-hole formation resistivity cloud maps and inversion formation data. ; This method is based on multiple sets of original resistivity data and electrode coordinate data, and obtains resistivity information of deep strata through inverted stratigraphic data and inverted coordinate point data, thereby achieving multi-dimensional analysis of water-bearing strata; based on preset formulas and inversion stratigraphic data. This method can obtain the resistivity baseline value, and combine the two sets of inversion stratigraphic data to construct a change pattern. In this way, the change trends and patterns of deep fractured water-bearing strata can be intuitively displayed; by analyzing the change pattern , the distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata can be obtained, which is of great significance to engineering construction, geological exploration and other fields, and can provide scientific basis and reference for relevant decision-making.
上述说明仅是本公开技术方案的概述,为了能更清楚了解本公开的技术手段,而可依照说明书的内容予以实施,并且为让本公开的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂,以下特举较佳实施例,并配合附图,详细说明如下。The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present disclosure. In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical means of the present disclosure, they can be implemented according to the content of the description, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable. , the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments, together with the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not relevant to the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1为本申请公开的一种具体实施例的流程示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a specific embodiment disclosed in this application.
图2为本申请公开的一种具体实施例中两个物探孔的钻设示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the drilling of two geophysical exploration holes in a specific embodiment disclosed in this application.
图3为图1中孔间地层电阻率云图构建方法的流程示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method for constructing the formation resistivity cloud map between holes in Figure 1.
图4为本申请公开的一种具体实施例中孔间地层电阻率云图的示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a formation resistivity cloud diagram between holes in a specific embodiment disclosed in the present application.
图5为图1中电阻率基准线值获得方法的流程示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of the method for obtaining the resistivity baseline value in Figure 1.
图6为本申请公开的一种具体实施例中变化规律图的示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a change pattern in a specific embodiment disclosed in this application.
图7为图1中深部破碎含水地层分布信息的获取方法的流程示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart of the method for obtaining distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata in Figure 1.
图8为图4中的破碎含水地层分布信息示意图。Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the distribution information of the broken water-bearing strata in Figure 4.
图9为本申请公开的一种具体实施例中地层分区破裂分布图的示意图。Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a formation zone fracture distribution map in a specific embodiment disclosed in the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施方式对本公开作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于解释相关内容,而非对本公开的限定。另外还需要说明的是,为了便于描述,附图中仅示出了与本公开相关的部分。The present disclosure will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific implementations described here are only used to explain the relevant content, but are not intended to limit the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, for convenience of description, only parts related to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings.
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本公开中的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施方式来详细说明本公开的技术方案。It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
除非另有说明,否则示出的示例性实施方式/实施例将被理解为提供可以在实践中实施本公开的技术构思的一些方式的各种细节的示例性特征。因此,除非另有说明,否则在不脱离本公开的技术构思的情况下,各种实施方式/实施例的特征可以另外地组合、分离、互换和/或重新布置。Unless otherwise specified, the illustrated exemplary embodiments/examples are to be understood as exemplary features providing various details of some manner in which the technical concepts of the present disclosure may be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, features of various embodiments/embodiments may be additionally combined, separated, interchanged and/or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure.
在附图中使用交叉影线和/或阴影通常用于使相邻部件之间的边界变得清晰。如此,除非说明,否则交叉影线或阴影的存在与否均不传达或表示对部件的具体材料、材料性质、尺寸、比例、示出的部件之间的共性和/或部件的任何其它特性、属性、性质等的任何偏好或者要求。此外,在附图中,为了清楚和/或描述性的目的,可以夸大部件的尺寸和相对尺寸。当可以不同地实施示例性实施例时,可以以不同于所描述的顺序来执行具体的工艺顺序。例如,可以基本同时执行或者以与所描述的顺序相反的顺序执行两个连续描述的工艺。此外,同样的附图标记表示同样的部件。The use of cross-hatching and/or shading in drawings is often used to make boundaries between adjacent parts clear. As such, unless stated otherwise, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or indicate any knowledge of the specific materials, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between the components shown and/or any other characteristics of the components, Any preferences or requirements for attributes, properties, etc. Furthermore, in the drawings, the size and relative sizes of components may be exaggerated for clarity and/or descriptive purposes. While example embodiments may be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially concurrently or in the reverse order of that described. In addition, the same reference numerals represent the same components.
当一个部件被称作“在”另一部件“上”或“之上”、“连接到”或“结合到”另一部件时,该部件可以直接在所述另一部件上、直接连接到或直接结合到所述另一部件,或者可以存在中间部件。然而,当部件被称作“直接在”另一部件“上”、“直接连接到”或“直接结合到”另一部件时,不存在中间部件。为此,术语“连接”可以指物理连接、电气连接等,并且具有或不具有中间部件。When an element is referred to as being "on," "on," "connected to" or "coupled to" another element, it can be directly on, directly connected to, or directly connected to the other element. Either directly coupled to said other component, or intervening components may be present. However, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element, there are no intervening elements present. For this purpose, the term "connected" may refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., with or without intervening components.
为了描述性目的,本公开可使用诸如“在……之下”、“在……下方”、“在……下”、“下”、“在……上方”、“上”、“在……之上”、“较高的”和“侧(例如,如在“侧壁”中)”等的空间相对术语,从而来描述如附图中示出的一个部件与另一(其它)部件的关系。除了附图中描绘的方位之外,空间相对术语还意图包含设备在使用、操作和/或制造中的不同方位。例如,如果附图中的设备被翻转,则被描述为“在”其它部件或特征“下方”或“之下”的部件将随后被定位为“在”所述其它部件或特征“上方”。因此,示例性术语“在……下方”可以包含“上方”和“下方”两种方位。此外,设备可被另外定位(例如,旋转90度或者在其它方位处),如此,相应地解释这里使用的空间相对描述语。For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use terms such as “under,” “under,” “under,” “under,” “over,” “on,” “on.” Spatially relative terms, such as "on", "higher" and "side (e.g., as in "sidewall"), are used to describe one component in relation to another (other) component as illustrated in the figures Relationship. In addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, spatially relative terms are intended to encompass various orientations of the device in use, operation, and/or manufacture. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" may encompass both orientations "above" and "below." Furthermore, the device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
这里使用的术语是为了描述具体实施例的目的,而不意图是限制性的。如这里所使用的,除非上下文另外清楚地指出,否则单数形式“一个(种、者)”和“所述(该)”也意图包括复数形式。此外,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”以及它们的变型时,说明存在所陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、部件、组件和/或它们的组,但不排除存在或附加一个或更多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、部件、组件和/或它们的组。还要注意的是,如这里使用的,术语“基本上”、“大约”和其它类似的术语被用作近似术语而不用作程度术语,如此,它们被用来解释本领域普通技术人员将认识到的测量值、计算值和/或提供的值的固有偏差。The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, when the terms "comprises" and/or "includes" and variations thereof are used in this specification, it is stated that the stated features, integers, steps, operations, parts, components and/or groups thereof are present but not excluded. One or more other features, integers, steps, operations, parts, components and/or groups thereof are present or appended. It is also noted that, as used herein, the terms "substantially," "approximately," and other similar terms are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and as such, they are used to explain what one of ordinary skill in the art would recognize. Inherent deviations from measured, calculated and/or supplied values.
参照图1,本申请提供了一种深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法,该方法包括以下步骤:Referring to Figure 1, this application provides a method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata. The method includes the following steps:
S100,钻探 Q个物探孔;其中,Q≥2。S100, drill Q geophysical holes; among them, Q≥2.
S200,沿Q个物探孔分别下放对应的电阻率测试装置,获得待测试区域的Q组地层数据;S200, lower corresponding resistivity testing devices along Q physical exploration holes to obtain Q groups of formation data in the area to be tested;
每组地层数据均包括若干原始电阻率数据以及若干电极坐标数据,每个原始电阻率数据与每个电极坐标数据一一对应。Each set of formation data includes a number of original resistivity data and a number of electrode coordinate data, and each original resistivity data corresponds to each electrode coordinate data one-to-one.
S300,基于任意两个物探孔的两组地层数据,构建孔间地层电阻率云图。S300, based on two sets of stratigraphic data from any two geophysical holes, constructs an inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map.
S400,基于孔间地层电阻率云图,获取两组反演地层数据;每组反演地层数据均包括若干反演电阻率数据以及若干反演坐标点数据,且反演电阻率数据与反演坐标点数据一一对应。S400, based on the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map, obtains two sets of inversion formation data; each set of inversion formation data includes several inversion resistivity data and several inversion coordinate point data, and the inversion resistivity data and inversion coordinates Point data corresponds one to one.
在本实施例中,反演电阻率数据的数量与原始电阻率数据的数量一致。In this embodiment, the number of inverted resistivity data is consistent with the number of original resistivity data.
S500,基于两组反演地层数据获得两条变化规律曲线;S500, obtain two change law curves based on two sets of inverted stratigraphic data;
基于两组反演地层数据,获得电阻率基准线值;Based on two sets of inversion stratigraphic data, the resistivity baseline value is obtained;
基于电阻率基准线值以及两条变化规律曲线,构建变化规律图;Based on the resistivity baseline value and two change pattern curves, a change pattern diagram is constructed;
S600,基于变化规律图获取深部破碎含水地层分布信息。S600: Obtain the distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata based on the change pattern.
本申请公开的深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法,通过钻探和电阻率测试装置获取多组地层数据,并构建孔间地层电阻率云图和反演地层数据,可以准确地识别深部破碎含水地层的分布情况;该方法以多组原始电阻率数据和电极坐标数据作为基础,通过反演地层数据和反演坐标点数据获取深部地层的电阻率信息,从而实现对含水地层的多维度分析;基于预设公式和反演地层数据,该方法可以获得电阻率基准线值,并结合两组反演地层数据构建变化规律图,这样,可以直观地展示深部破碎含水地层的变化趋势和规律;通过分析变化规律图,可以获取深部破碎含水地层的分布信息,这对于工程建设、地质勘探等领域具有重要意义,可以为相关决策提供科学依据和参考。The method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing formations disclosed in this application can accurately identify the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing formations by acquiring multiple sets of formation data through drilling and resistivity testing devices, and constructing inter-hole formation resistivity cloud maps and inversion formation data. ; This method is based on multiple sets of original resistivity data and electrode coordinate data, and obtains resistivity information of deep strata through inverted stratigraphic data and inverted coordinate point data, thereby achieving multi-dimensional analysis of water-bearing strata; based on preset formulas and inversion stratigraphic data. This method can obtain the resistivity baseline value, and combine the two sets of inversion stratigraphic data to construct a change pattern. In this way, the change trends and patterns of deep fractured water-bearing strata can be intuitively displayed; by analyzing the change pattern , the distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata can be obtained, which is of great significance to engineering construction, geological exploration and other fields, and can provide scientific basis and reference for relevant decision-making.
综上,本申请能够对深部工程掌子面前方地层赋存状态进行识别,能够高效地识别深部破碎含水地层的分布情况,为深部地下工程的安全建设施工提供可靠依据,为相关领域的决策提供重要参考,具有较高的实用性和应用价值。In summary, this application can identify the existence status of strata in front of the tunnel face of deep engineering, and can efficiently identify the distribution of deep broken water-bearing strata, providing a reliable basis for the safe construction of deep underground engineering, and providing information for decision-making in related fields. An important reference with high practicality and application value.
在本实施例中,以钻探两个物探孔为例进行详述说明。In this embodiment, drilling two geophysical holes is taken as an example for detailed description.
参照图2,两个物探孔平行等间隔、等深度钻设,且两个物探孔均位于深部工程掌子面的前方。Referring to Figure 2, two geophysical exploration holes are drilled in parallel at equal intervals and at equal depths, and both geophysical exploration holes are located in front of the deep engineering tunnel face.
在本实施例中,电阻率测试装置优选为包含预设数量电极的电阻率测试专用电缆;此外,电阻率测试专用电缆的前端装设有预设重量的配重锤,保证下放到位,以便获得有效测试数据。In this embodiment, the resistivity testing device is preferably a dedicated cable for resistivity testing that includes a preset number of electrodes; in addition, a counterweight with a preset weight is installed at the front end of the dedicated cable for resistivity testing to ensure that it is lowered into place to obtain Valid test data.
优选地,配重锤为圆柱形,其直径不大于电阻率测试专用电缆的外径,其重量优选为5kg-10kg。Preferably, the counterweight is cylindrical, its diameter is no larger than the outer diameter of the special cable for resistivity testing, and its weight is preferably 5kg-10kg.
每个物探孔中均下放有一根电阻率测试专用电缆,每根电阻率测试专用电缆上等间隔设置有48个电极,以获取足够量的原始电阻率数据。A special resistivity test cable is placed in each geophysical exploration hole, and 48 electrodes are arranged at equal intervals on each special resistivity test cable to obtain a sufficient amount of original resistivity data.
在本实施例中,通过采集仪进行电阻率测试专用电缆的信号采集整理以及存储。In this embodiment, the signal collection, sorting and storage of the special cable for resistivity testing are performed through a collection instrument.
在本实施例中物探孔的深度与相邻孔间距的比值优选为2;需要说明的是,这里的相邻孔间距指的是所选取的任意两个孔之间的间距。In this embodiment, the ratio of the depth of the physical exploration hole to the spacing between adjacent holes is preferably 2; it should be noted that the spacing between adjacent holes here refers to the spacing between any two selected holes.
在本实施例中,物探孔的钻探偏斜不大于2%,且孔径大于电阻率测试专用电缆的外径。In this embodiment, the drilling deflection of the geophysical hole is not greater than 2%, and the hole diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the special cable for resistivity testing.
参照图3和图4,基于在物探孔1和物探孔2中分别采集的两组地层数据进行孔间地层电阻率云图的构建,其构建方法具体包括:Referring to Figures 3 and 4, based on the two sets of formation data collected in geophysical hole 1 and geophysical hole 2, the formation resistivity cloud map between holes is constructed. The construction method specifically includes:
S310,剔除两组地层数据中的噪声数据,获得第一数据集合;第一数据集合包括剔除噪声数据之后的若干原始电阻率数据以及对应的电极坐标数据;S310, remove the noise data from the two sets of formation data to obtain a first data set; the first data set includes several original resistivity data and corresponding electrode coordinate data after removing the noise data;
S320,采用层析成像法对第一数据集合进行分布迭代反演成像,获得该孔间地层电阻率云图。S320, use the tomography method to perform distribution iterative inversion imaging on the first data set to obtain the formation resistivity cloud map between the holes.
在本实施中,由于电极坐标数据与原始电阻率数据一一对应,因此只需要进行地层数据中原始电阻率数据的噪声数据的剔除,只留下剩余非噪声数据的原始电阻率数据以及对应的电极坐标数据,通过这些数据作为有效的输入数据,来获得孔间地层电阻率云图,提取成图质量。In this implementation, since the electrode coordinate data corresponds to the original resistivity data one-to-one, only the noise data of the original resistivity data in the formation data needs to be eliminated, leaving only the original resistivity data of the remaining non-noise data and the corresponding The electrode coordinate data is used as effective input data to obtain the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map and extract the map quality.
通过本申请公开的孔间地层电阻率云图的构建方法,通过剔除地层数据中的噪声数据,可以减少数据的干扰和误差,提高结果的准确性和可靠性,可以更好地还原真实的地层电阻率分布情况;剔除噪声数据之后,得到的第一数据集合包括清晰的原始电阻率数据和对应的电极坐标数据,这些数据可以作为层析成像法的输入,用于分布迭代反演成像;通过层析成像法,获得的孔间地层电阻率云图可以直观地展示深部地层的电阻率分布情况,这对于分析和理解深部破碎含水地层的性质和特征非常有帮助,为后续的地质勘探和工程施工提供重要参考。Through the construction method of the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map disclosed in this application, by eliminating the noise data in the formation data, the interference and errors of the data can be reduced, the accuracy and reliability of the results can be improved, and the true formation resistance can be better restored resistivity distribution; after removing the noise data, the first data set obtained includes clear original resistivity data and corresponding electrode coordinate data. These data can be used as input to the tomography method for distribution iterative inversion imaging; through layer Using the analytical imaging method, the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map obtained can visually display the resistivity distribution of deep formations, which is very helpful for analyzing and understanding the properties and characteristics of deep fractured water-bearing formations, and provides information for subsequent geological exploration and engineering construction. Important reference.
在本实施例中,对于两组反演地层数据的获取,具体方法包括:将孔间地层电阻率云图划分为若干预设尺寸的的正方形网格;根据预设电阻率云图比例尺刻度分别提取两组物探孔的反演地层数据。In this embodiment, for obtaining two sets of inversion formation data, the specific method includes: dividing the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map into a number of square grids of preset sizes; extracting two sets of resistivity cloud maps according to the scale of the preset resistivity cloud map. Inverse stratigraphic data from geophysical exploration holes.
其中,预设尺寸可以为1m*1m。Among them, the preset size can be 1m*1m.
参照图5,在本实施例中,电阻率基准线值的获取方法具体包括以下步骤:Referring to Figure 5, in this embodiment, the method for obtaining the resistivity baseline value specifically includes the following steps:
A510,基于两组反演地层数据以及预设公式分别获取两个基准值;A510 obtains two benchmark values based on two sets of inverted stratigraphic data and preset formulas;
A520,计算两个基准值的平均值,即为该电阻率基准线值。A520, calculate the average of the two reference values, which is the resistivity baseline value.
预设公式为:。The default formula is: .
其中,为基准值,/>为含水系数,/>为第/>个物探孔中的测点个数,/>为测试点编号,/>为第/>个物探孔内的反演电阻率数据,/>为与反演电阻率数据对应的反演坐标点数据。in, is the base value,/> is the moisture content coefficient,/> For the first/> The number of measuring points in each object exploration hole,/> is the test point number,/> For the first/> Inverted resistivity data within individual geophysical exploration holes,/> is the inversion coordinate point data corresponding to the inversion resistivity data.
在本实施例中,本申请公开的深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法还包括:采用超声波探测技术,判断物探孔中是否含水,若是(即物探孔中含水),则为1,若否(即物探孔中不含水),则/>为-1。In this embodiment, the method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata disclosed in this application also includes: using ultrasonic detection technology to determine whether there is water in the geophysical exploration hole. If so (that is, there is water in the geophysical exploration hole), then It is 1, if not (that is, there is no water in the geophysical hole), then/> is -1.
参照图6,在预设坐标中绘制获得的两条变化规律曲线以及电阻率基准线值,获得相邻两个物探孔之间的电阻率与基准线的变化规律图,在该变化规律图中,横坐标为测深(即从孔间地层电阻率云图中提取的测试点位置),纵坐标为对应的反演电阻率数据。Referring to Figure 6, draw the two obtained change curves and the resistivity baseline value in the preset coordinates to obtain the change pattern between the resistivity and the baseline between two adjacent geophysical exploration holes. In this change pattern , the abscissa is the bathymetry (that is, the test point position extracted from the inter-hole formation resistivity cloud map), and the ordinate is the corresponding inversion resistivity data.
参照图7和图8,深部破碎含水地层分布信息的获取方法具体包括以下步骤:Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the method for obtaining distribution information of deep fractured water-bearing strata specifically includes the following steps:
S610,基于变化规律图,获取两条变化规律曲线低于电阻率基准线值的第一曲线区域、第二曲线区域;S610, based on the change pattern diagram, obtain the first curve area and the second curve area where the two change pattern curves are lower than the resistivity baseline value;
S620,获取第一曲线区域、第二曲线区域的交集区域,即为深部破碎含水地层的分布区域。S620: Obtain the intersection area of the first curve area and the second curve area, which is the distribution area of the deep fractured water-bearing strata.
在本实施例中,可以从该变化规律图中直观地确定低于电阻率基准线值的区域,获取深部破碎含水地层的分布数量以及具体的分布位置,通过对其分布数量以及分布面积的分析,可以精准的确定待注浆的位置以及对应位置的注浆量,实现定点定量的注浆,即为实际施工提供精准指导,提高施工效率以及注浆安全性,大大降低后续施工中的突水、涌水事故的发生概率。In this embodiment, the area lower than the resistivity baseline value can be visually determined from the change pattern, and the distribution quantity and specific distribution location of the deep fractured water-bearing strata can be obtained. Through the analysis of its distribution quantity and distribution area , can accurately determine the location to be grouted and the amount of grouting at the corresponding position, and achieve fixed-point and quantitative grouting, which provides accurate guidance for actual construction, improves construction efficiency and grouting safety, and greatly reduces water inrush in subsequent construction. , the probability of water intrusion accidents.
此外,与传统的数据处理方法相比,该方法将复杂的数据分析过程简化为查看变化规律图的曲线区域,可以节省时间和人力成本,并且减少人为误差的可能性。In addition, compared with traditional data processing methods, this method simplifies the complex data analysis process to viewing the curve area of the change pattern, which can save time and labor costs and reduce the possibility of human errors.
参照图9,本申请公开的深部破碎含水地层分布识别方法还包括:基于变化规律图中的交集区域,获取所有的测试点坐标;Referring to Figure 9, the method for identifying the distribution of deep fractured water-bearing strata disclosed in this application also includes: obtaining the coordinates of all test points based on the intersection area in the change pattern diagram;
将获得的若干测试点坐标绘制在断面坐标系中,获得地层分区破裂分布图,在该地层分区破裂分布图中,横坐标为预设跨度,纵坐标为测深,即在本申请中,还可以以地层分区破裂分布图来体现深部破碎含水地层的分布区域,更加直观简洁。Plot the obtained coordinates of several test points in the cross-section coordinate system to obtain a stratigraphic zonal rupture distribution map. In this stratigraphic zonal rupture distribution map, the abscissa is the preset span and the ordinate is the depth measurement. That is, in this application, it is also The distribution area of deep fractured water-bearing strata can be reflected by the formation zone fracture distribution map, which is more intuitive and concise.
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例/方式”、“一些实施例/方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例/方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例/方式或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例/方式或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例/方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例/方式或示例以及不同实施例/方式或示例的特征进行结合和组合。In the description of this specification, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/way", "some embodiments/way", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. is meant to be in conjunction with the description of the embodiment/way. or examples describe specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics that are included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments/ways or examples and features of different embodiments/ways or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
本领域的技术人员应当理解,上述实施方式仅仅是为了清楚地说明本公开,而并非是对本公开的范围进行限定。对于所属领域的技术人员而言,在上述公开的基础上还可以做出其它变化或变型,并且这些变化或变型仍处于本公开的范围内。Those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for clearly illustrating the present disclosure, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications can be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.
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