CN117175642A

CN117175642A - Energy storage system charge and discharge control method and device, electronic equipment and system

Info

Publication number: CN117175642A
Application number: CN202311165300.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张祺; 杨本均; 许冬
Original assignee: China Three Gorges Renewables Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Three Gorges Renewables Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-11
Filing date: 2023-09-11
Publication date: 2023-12-05

Abstract

The application provides a charge and discharge control method, a device, electronic equipment and a system for an energy storage system, and relates to the field of energy storage; the method comprises the following steps: receiving charge and discharge instructions, and acquiring initial SOCs and charge and discharge voltages of a plurality of secondary battery clusters, and charge and discharge power and application scenes required by an energy storage system; determining SOC deviation based on an application scene, and calculating the current SOC of the secondary battery cluster by using an SOC algorithm; calculating the average value of the current SOC, and calculating a target SOC value by utilizing a predefined algorithm based on the data; controlling the plurality of secondary battery clusters to charge or discharge based on the charge-discharge instruction so as to enable the SOC of the energy storage system to reach a target SOC value, and charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters by utilizing the super capacitor clusters and the fuel cell clusters until SOC balance is achieved; the method adopts the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster to realize the equalization of the SOC, and has higher efficiency, simple structure and lower cost.

Description

Energy storage system charge and discharge control method and device, electronic equipment and system

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, an electronic device, and a system for controlling charge and discharge of an energy storage system.

Background

With the development of energy storage technology, energy storage systems play an increasingly important role as an important component of smart grid and micro-grid systems. The energy storage system generally comprises a battery system and an energy storage converter (Power Conversion System, PCS), wherein the battery system comprises a battery stack and a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS), the battery stack is formed by connecting a plurality of battery monomers in series or in series-parallel connection to form a battery pack, the plurality of battery packs are connected in series to form a battery cluster, and the plurality of battery clusters are connected in parallel to form the battery stack; the BMS is configured to manage each of the battery cells of the battery stack such that a State of Charge (SOC) of each battery cell is substantially uniform, and maintain an equilibrium State.

In the prior art, a battery equalization method, such as a passive equalization method or an active equalization method, is adopted to control a battery cell or a battery pack so as to realize the equalization of the SOC of the energy storage system, and specifically, the passive equalization method uses elements such as a resistor, a capacitor or a diode to disperse charge differences in the battery pack so as to realize the equalization of the SOC; the active equalization method uses an electronic controller and switching circuitry to achieve equalization of battery charge by transferring charge from a high voltage battery cell to a low voltage battery cell.

However, the passive equalization method is adopted to perform equalization of the SOC, the efficiency is low, and the active equalization method is adopted to realize equalization of the battery charge, and the equalization method is relatively complex and has high cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a charge and discharge control method, a device, electronic equipment and a system of an energy storage system, which are used for solving the problems that the existing passive equalization method is adopted for equalization of SOC, the efficiency is low, and the active equalization method is adopted for equalization of battery charge, and the method is relatively complex and has high cost.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for controlling charge and discharge of an energy storage system, which is applied to the energy storage system; the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage clusters; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; the method comprises the following steps:

receiving charge and discharge instructions, and acquiring initial charge states SOC and charge and discharge voltages of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system and application scenes of the energy storage system;

determining the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters based on the application scene, and calculating the current SOC of each secondary battery cluster by using an SOC algorithm based on the initial SOC and the SOC deviation;

Calculating the average value of the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, and calculating a target SOC value by utilizing a predefined algorithm based on the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, the average value, the charge-discharge voltage and the charge-discharge power required by the energy storage system;

and controlling the plurality of secondary battery clusters to charge or discharge based on the charge and discharge instructions so as to enable the SOC of the energy storage system to reach the target SOC value, and charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters by utilizing the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster until SOC balance is achieved.

Optionally, the charge and discharge instruction includes a charge instruction and a discharge instruction; the charge-discharge voltage comprises a charge voltage and a discharge voltage; the SOC algorithm corresponding to the charging instruction is as follows:

the SOC algorithm corresponding to the discharging instruction is as follows:

wherein, SOCi is the current SOC of the ith secondary battery cluster; SOC (i, 0) is an initial SOC of the ith secondary battery cluster; t1 is a charging start time; t2 is the charge end time; t1 is the discharge start time; t2 is the discharge end time; uci is the charging voltage of the ith secondary battery cluster; udi is the discharge voltage of the ith secondary battery cluster; rt is the thermodynamic equivalent internal resistance, and the Rt value is determined based on the current SOC of the secondary battery cluster; rk is the dynamic equivalent internal resistance, and Rk value is determined based on charging current; Δe is the SOC deviation.

Optionally, the charge and discharge power includes a charge power and a discharge power; when the charge and discharge instruction is a charge instruction, calculating the predefined algorithm corresponding to the target SOC value as follows:

tar＝argmin(w1×tar1+w2×tar2)

tar1 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

tar2 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

wherein tar is a target SOC value; w1 and w2 are positive integers, and w1+w2=1, and the corresponding values of w1 and w2 are determined based on the application scene;a mean value of current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters; pc is the charging power required by the energy storage system; n is the number of secondary battery clusters; k is a natural number less than n.

Optionally, when the charge-discharge instruction is a discharge instruction, the predefined algorithm corresponding to the target SOC value is calculated as:

tar＝argmin(w3×tar1+w4×tar3)

tar3 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

wherein tar is a target SOC value; w3 and w4 are positive integers, and w3+w4=1, and the corresponding values of w3 and w4 are determined based on the application scene; pd is the discharge power required by the energy storage system.

Optionally, charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters with the supercapacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster includes:

judging whether the current SOC of each secondary battery cluster and/or the charge-discharge voltage meet preset conditions or not according to each secondary battery cluster;

If yes, acquiring a power change value corresponding to the secondary battery cluster, charging the secondary battery cluster by using the fuel cell cluster based on the power change value, and balancing the power of the fuel cell cluster during charging by using the super capacitor cluster;

if not, selecting a target strategy from the operation strategies based on an application scene, charging the secondary battery cluster by using the fuel cell cluster based on the target strategy, and balancing the power of the fuel cell cluster during charging by using the super capacitor cluster;

the operation strategy is a power selection strategy which is defined in advance and is applicable to different application scenes.

Optionally, the charge and discharge instruction further includes a standing instruction; the method further comprises the steps of:

after receiving a standing instruction, determining an operation state of the energy storage system based on the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters; the running state comprises a standby state, a first balanced state and a second balanced state; the first equilibrium state is a state in which charging is performed by using a secondary battery cluster; the second equilibrium state is a state of charge with the fuel cell cluster.

Optionally, determining the operation state of the energy storage system based on the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters includes:

when the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters is smaller than a first threshold value, the energy storage system enters a standby state;

when the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters is larger than a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, the energy storage system enters a first balanced state;

and when the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters is larger than a second threshold value, the energy storage system enters a second balanced state.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

and when the time that the energy storage system is in the standby state is greater than a preset threshold value, charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters by using the fuel cell clusters, acquiring charging voltages and reference voltages of the plurality of secondary battery clusters in the charging process, and judging whether the plurality of secondary battery clusters need maintenance or not based on the difference value of the charging voltages and the reference voltages.

In a second aspect, the application further provides a charge and discharge control device of the energy storage system, which is applied to the energy storage system; the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage clusters; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; the device comprises:

The receiving module is used for receiving charge and discharge instructions, and acquiring initial charge states SOC and charge and discharge voltages of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system and application scenes of the energy storage system;

a determining module for determining SOC deviations of the plurality of secondary battery clusters based on the application scenario, and calculating a current SOC of each secondary battery cluster using an SOC algorithm based on the initial SOC and the SOC deviations;

the calculating module is used for calculating the average value of the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters and calculating a target SOC value by utilizing a predefined algorithm based on the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, the average value, the charge and discharge voltage and the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system;

and the charge-discharge module is used for controlling the plurality of secondary battery clusters to charge or discharge based on the charge-discharge instruction so as to enable the SOC of the energy storage system to reach the target SOC value, and charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters by utilizing the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster until the SOC balance is realized.

In a third aspect, the present application also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor;

The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

the processor executes computer-executable instructions stored by the memory to implement the method of any one of the first aspects.

In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides an energy storage system comprising a plurality of energy storage clusters, a plurality of DC-DC converters, and an electronic device according to the third aspect; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; each secondary battery cluster is corresponding to a DC-DC converter, and the secondary battery clusters are connected with the DC-DC converter in parallel to form a group of centralized structures;

each group of centralized structures are connected in parallel, and the centralized structures after being connected in parallel are respectively connected with the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster in parallel; wherein the secondary battery cluster is for storing electric power; the super capacitor cluster is connected with the DC-DC converter in parallel; the super capacitor cluster is used for balancing power; the fuel cell cluster is connected with the DC-DC converter in parallel; the fuel cell cluster is used for supplementing the secondary battery cluster with electric power.

In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for implementing the method according to any one of the first aspects when executed by a processor.

In a sixth aspect, the application also provides a computer program product comprising program code for performing the method according to any of the first aspects when the computer program runs on a computer.

In summary, the application provides a charge and discharge control method, a device, an electronic device and a system for an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system is provided with a plurality of secondary battery clusters, a super capacitor cluster and a fuel cell cluster, and the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster are used for charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters in the charge and discharge process of the plurality of secondary battery clusters so as to realize SOC balance; specifically, acquiring initial state of charge (SOC) and charge-discharge voltage of a secondary battery cluster, and charge-discharge power required by an energy storage system and an application scene of the energy storage system; determining an SOC deviation based on an application scene, and calculating the current SOC of each secondary battery cluster by using an SOC algorithm based on the data; calculating the average value of the current SOC, and further calculating a target SOC value by using an algorithm defined in advance; thereby controlling the plurality of secondary battery clusters to charge or discharge so as to reach a target SOC value, and charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters by utilizing the super capacitor clusters and the fuel cell clusters in the charging or discharging process so as to realize SOC balance; therefore, battery equalization can be realized, the efficiency is higher, the structure is simple, and the cost is lower.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art serial large-scale energy storage system;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling charge and discharge of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a charge-discharge control device of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Specific embodiments of the present application have been shown by way of the above drawings and will be described in more detail below. The drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any way, but rather to illustrate the inventive concepts to those skilled in the art by reference to the specific embodiments.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish the same item or similar items having substantially the same function and effect. For example, the first device and the second device are merely for distinguishing between different devices, and are not limited in their order of precedence. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the amount and order of execution, and that the words "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily differ.

In the present application, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.

In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.

The following is a description of terms involved in the present application.

PCS: may refer to a system used to describe the conversion of electrical energy from one form to another. Various types of power conversion devices may be included, such as inverters, transformers, rectifiers, frequency converters, etc.; PCS is commonly used to convert electrical energy from one form (e.g., DC or AC) to another to meet matching requirements between different power sources and loads.

DC-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) converter: may refer to a device for regulating and converting the voltage or current of direct current electrical energy. The DC-DC converter can increase, decrease or keep unchanged the voltage of the input direct current power supply and provide the converted direct current power to the load; DC-DC converters are generally composed of an inductor, a capacitor, a switching element, and a control circuit, and the flow and conversion of electric energy are controlled by switching operations.

Battery equalization (Battery Balancing): it may be referred to that each cell is managed and regulated in a battery pack or a battery cluster to ensure that the state of charge between the cells remains balanced, and may be understood as SOC equalization, as the performance and conditions of use of different cells may cause charge imbalance between them during use, thereby reducing the performance and lifetime of the entire battery pack, and so SOC is also equalized in the case of battery equalization.

String (Series Connection): it may refer to a serial connection in which a plurality of battery cells or battery clusters are connected together in a serial connection, i.e., the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected by a connection cable, transferring charge from one battery cell or battery cluster to another battery cell or battery cluster. The group string connection may increase the total voltage, but the total capacity and power remain unchanged.

Centralized (centralised): may refer to a centralized connection manner in which a plurality of battery cells or battery clusters are connected to one central controller or Battery Management System (BMS) to centrally control and manage the battery pack; i.e. all cells or clusters share the same power supply and control signals.

The energy storage system generally comprises a battery system and a PCS, wherein the battery system comprises a battery stack and a BMS, the battery stack is formed by connecting a plurality of battery monomers in series or in series-parallel connection to form a battery pack, the plurality of battery packs are connected in series to form a battery cluster, and the plurality of battery clusters are connected in parallel to form the battery stack; the BMS is used for managing each battery cell of the battery stack, so that the SOCs of the battery cells are basically consistent, and an equilibrium state is maintained. The battery cluster of the energy storage system is a battery assembly of the energy storage system and can store a large amount of electric energy for subsequent use, so as to meet the requirements of high capacity and high power.

In a possible implementation manner, a battery equalization method, such as a passive equalization method or an active equalization method, is adopted to control a battery cell or a battery pack, so as to realize equalization of the energy storage system SOC, and specifically, the passive equalization method uses elements such as a resistor, a capacitor or a diode to disperse charge differences in the battery pack to realize equalization of the SOC; the active equalization method uses an electronic controller and switching circuitry to achieve equalization of battery charge by transferring charge from a high voltage battery cell to a low voltage battery cell.

It can be appreciated that the SOC is balanced by a passive balancing method, which is relatively simple and low cost, but has low efficiency; and the equalization of the battery charge is realized by adopting an active equalization method, so that the charge state of the battery monomer can be regulated more accurately and efficiently, but the battery is relatively complex and has higher cost.

In another possible implementation manner, a hybrid balancing method is adopted, and hybrid balancing is a strategy combining a passive balancing method and an active balancing method, so that a mode of using passive balancing or active balancing can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions, and the purpose of balancing battery cells is achieved.

However, the SOC is balanced by adopting a passive balancing method, and different strategies are required to be used for different application scenes, so that the control is relatively complex.

In still another possible implementation manner, an expandable serial type large-scale energy storage system is provided, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing serial type large-scale energy storage system, as shown in fig. 1, the serial type large-scale energy storage system is formed by connecting a plurality of single-cluster energy storage systems in parallel, each cluster energy storage system is formed by connecting 4-13 battery modules in series with an inverter, positive and negative power supply ends of the 4-13 battery modules and positive and negative input ends of the high-voltage box are sequentially connected in series to form a loop, positive and negative output ends of the high-voltage box are connected with positive and negative direct current ends of the inverter, communication ports are connected between each battery module and the high-voltage box through a communication power bus, communication is realized between the high-voltage box and the inverter through 485 bus, and parallel connection is realized between the inverters of the multi-cluster energy storage system through an alternating current live wire and an alternating current zero wire.

Further, the high-voltage box can judge whether the voltages among the battery modules are consistent according to the detected voltage values, and the master control management module in the high-voltage box can communicate through the communication power bus and send the voltage to the battery module with high voltage, and the battery module with high voltage is used for realizing the battery equalization by self-starting the resistor consumption type passive equalization function.

The serial energy storage system is a structure based on energy storage batteries and PCS to form battery clusters, each battery cluster can be independently managed, flexibility and safety of the system are improved, but the following problems are also caused: firstly, although the above battery structure can find out a problematic battery cluster, reduce the running power thereof to ensure the system safety, the output of the energy storage system is controlled by the power grid dispatching, when the output of one battery cluster is reduced, the total output requirement is unchanged, the output of other battery clusters needs to be improved, the running load of the battery is increased, and even the service life of the battery is influenced; if the overall output of the system is reduced, the safety of the power grid can be endangered, and the actual application effect is poor; second, equalization cannot be achieved between each cluster of cells in the system.

In order to solve the problems, the application provides a charge and discharge control method of an energy storage system, which is applied to the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system is provided with a plurality of secondary battery clusters, a super capacitor cluster and a fuel cell cluster, and the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster are used for charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters in the charge and discharge process of the plurality of secondary battery clusters so as to realize SOC balance; specifically, acquiring initial state of charge (SOC) and charge-discharge voltage of a secondary battery cluster, and charge-discharge power required by an energy storage system and an application scene of the energy storage system; determining an SOC deviation based on an application scene, and calculating the current SOC of each secondary battery cluster by using an SOC algorithm based on the data; calculating the average value of the current SOC, and further calculating a target SOC value by using an algorithm defined in advance; thereby controlling the plurality of secondary battery clusters to charge or discharge so as to reach a target SOC value, and charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters by utilizing the super capacitor clusters and the fuel cell clusters in the charging or discharging process so as to realize SOC balance; therefore, battery equalization can be realized, the efficiency is higher, the structure is simple, and the cost is lower.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 2, the application scenario may be a charging/discharging scenario of an energy storage system; the energy storage system comprises a secondary battery cluster, a super capacitor cluster and a fuel cell cluster; the application scenario takes two secondary battery clusters as an example, and comprises the following steps: a charge and discharge control system 201, a secondary battery cluster 2021, a secondary battery cluster 2022, a supercapacitor cluster 203, and a fuel cell cluster 204; wherein each secondary battery cluster includes a plurality of battery packs, such as the secondary battery cluster 2021 includes battery packs 1-4, and the secondary battery cluster 2022 includes battery packs 5-8, each of which includes a plurality of battery cells therein for storing electric power.

Specifically, the charge/discharge control system 201 controls the secondary battery cluster 2021 and the secondary battery cluster 2022 to charge or discharge after receiving the charge command or the discharge command, but in the process of charging or discharging, the battery cell performance and the service condition are different, which may cause the charge imbalance of the energy storage system, so after the energy storage system is controlled to reach the SOC required by the target, the secondary battery cluster 2021 and the secondary battery cluster 2022 need to be charged by using the supercapacitor cluster 203 and the fuel cell cluster 204 to realize SOC balance.

Optionally, after a single cell fails, the supercapacitor cluster 203 and the fuel cell cluster 204 may be used to balance each secondary cell cluster, and the implementation method may refer to the embodiment of fig. 3, which is not described herein.

Optionally, the energy storage system further includes a DC-DC converter, and by the DCDC converter, it may be realized that a certain secondary battery cluster performs charging maintenance in a discharging process, that is, a power shortage part of the secondary battery cluster may be complemented by the fuel cell cluster.

The fuel cell cluster 204 is also connected in parallel with a DC-DC converter to regulate the output voltage of the fuel cell cluster 204; and the fuel cell cluster can control the operating current of the DC-DC converter; the supercapacitor bank 203 is also connected in parallel with a DC-DC converter for regulating the output voltage of the supercapacitor bank 203.

It can be understood that the energy storage system realizes energy complementation by the mutual coordination of the secondary battery cluster, the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster; the secondary battery cluster is a main energy storage unit for storing electric power; the super capacitor cluster is a power stabilizing unit and is used for balancing the fluctuation of a bus when the DC-DC converter is switched; the fuel cell cluster is an energy supplementing unit for supplementing energy to the secondary cell cluster or providing energy support for the energy storage system when the secondary cell cluster is underpowered.

The following describes the technical scheme of the present application and how the technical scheme of the present application solves the above technical problems in detail with specific embodiments. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling charge and discharge of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, where the method for controlling charge and discharge of an energy storage system is applied to an energy storage system; the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage clusters; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; the charge and discharge control method of the energy storage system comprises the following steps:

S301, receiving charge and discharge instructions, and acquiring initial charge states SOC and charge and discharge voltages of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system and application scenes of the energy storage system.

In the embodiment of the application, the charge and discharge instructions can comprise a charge instruction and a discharge instruction; the charge and discharge voltage may include a charge voltage and a discharge voltage; the charge and discharge power may include a charge power and a discharge power; the initial SOC is an SOC value corresponding to the secondary battery cluster in an initial state.

In the step, after receiving a charging instruction, the energy storage system controls the super capacitor cluster to be charged to a required SOC (for example, 80% of the SOC) preferentially, wherein the required SOC ranges from 50% to 100%; SOC is calculated by the following formula:

CHt is the battery power of the energy storage system, and the unit is ampere hour; BCHt is the total capacity of the battery of the energy storage system, and the unit is ampere hour; further, initial SOCs and charging voltages Uci (i=1, 2,3 … … n) of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, and charging power required by the energy storage system and an application scenario of the energy storage system are obtained; the application scene is an application environment of the energy storage system, and different application scenes correspond to different system requirements.

Correspondingly, after receiving a discharging instruction, the energy storage system starts discharging the plurality of secondary battery clusters, and at the moment, initial SOC and discharging voltage of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, discharging power required by the energy storage system and application scenes of the energy storage system are obtained.

S302, determining SOC deviations of the plurality of secondary battery clusters based on the application scene, and calculating the current SOC of each secondary battery cluster by using an SOC algorithm based on the initial SOC and the SOC deviations.

In the embodiment of the application, for different application scenes, the corresponding value of the SOC deviation is different, the SOC deviation can be regarded as 0 during primary charging, and the corresponding value of the SOC deviation is increased after the energy storage system is cycled for a plurality of times or is kept stand for a long time.

In the step, after determining the corresponding SOC deviation based on the application scene, the thermodynamic equivalent internal resistance and the kinetic equivalent internal resistance of the energy storage system in the application scene are required to be obtained; the thermodynamic equivalent internal resistance is related to the current state of the secondary battery cluster, for example, may be related to the temperature, the current SOC, etc. of the secondary battery cluster, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application; the dynamically equivalent internal resistance is related to the magnitude of the charging current, and thus, the resistance value of the dynamically equivalent internal resistance may be determined based on the present SOC; the resistance value of the dynamically equivalent internal resistance may be determined based on the charging current.

Further, in the charged state, for each secondary battery cluster, based on the initial SOC, the charged voltage, the thermodynamic equivalent internal resistance, the kinetic equivalent internal resistance, and the SOC deviation, the current SOC of each secondary battery cluster in the charged state can be calculated by using an SOC algorithm; the SOC algorithm is an algorithm defined in advance and used for calculating a true value of the secondary battery cluster in a charging state, and a specific algorithm corresponding to the SOC algorithm is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Correspondingly, in a discharge state, for each secondary battery cluster, the current SOC of each secondary battery cluster in the discharge state can be calculated by using an SOC algorithm based on the initial SOC, the discharge voltage, the thermodynamic equivalent internal resistance, the kinetic equivalent internal resistance and the SOC deviation; the SOC algorithm is an algorithm defined in advance and used for calculating a true value of the secondary battery cluster in a discharging state, and a specific algorithm corresponding to the SOC algorithm is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In the actual circuit, a certain internal impedance exists at the power output end of the energy storage system, so that the actual output voltage deviates from the theoretical value, and the corresponding values of the internal impedance are thermodynamic equivalent internal resistance and kinetic equivalent internal resistance.

S303, calculating the average value of the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, and calculating a target SOC value by utilizing a predefined algorithm based on the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, the average value, the charge and discharge voltage and the charge and discharge power required by the energy storage system.

In the embodiment of the present application, the predefined algorithm is an algorithm defined in advance for calculating the charge or discharge required by the energy storage system so as to meet the SOC corresponding to the system requirement, and the specific algorithm corresponding to the predefined algorithm is not limited, for example, the predefined algorithm is a weighting algorithm.

In this step, the average value of the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters is calculated by the following formula:

wherein, SOCi is the current SOC of the ith secondary battery cluster, n is the number of secondary battery clusters; further, based on the current SOC of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, the average value of the current SOC, the charge and discharge voltage, the charge and discharge power, the thermodynamic equivalent internal resistance, the kinetic equivalent internal resistance and other values required by the energy storage system, corresponding weight values are obtained, and based on the data, a weighting algorithm is utilized to calculate a target SOC value; the weight value can be set based on the application scene, and the specific numerical value corresponding to the weight value is not limited in the embodiment of the application.

And S304, controlling the plurality of secondary battery clusters to charge or discharge based on the charge and discharge instructions so as to enable the SOC of the energy storage system to reach the target SOC value, and charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters by utilizing the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster until SOC balance is achieved.

In the embodiment of the application, the secondary battery cluster is a main energy storage unit for storing electric power; the super capacitor cluster is a power stabilizing unit and is used for balancing the power of the energy storage system; the fuel cell cluster is an energy supplementing unit and is used for providing power support for the energy storage system when the secondary cell cluster is supplemented with power or the secondary cell cluster is insufficient in power.

The secondary battery cluster is mainly a rechargeable battery, and may include a lithium ion battery, a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a nickel-chromium battery, a flow battery, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application, and is preferably a lithium ion battery; the supercapacitor cluster may include an electric double layer supercapacitor, a pseudocapacitor, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application, and is preferably an electric double layer supercapacitor; the fuel cell clusters may include proton exchange membrane fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, and the like, as embodiments of the application are not limited in this regard.

In this step, when the energy storage system is charged, the charging voltage of each secondary battery cluster may be controlled to achieve a target SOC value, and when the energy storage system is discharged, the discharging voltage of each secondary battery cluster may be controlled to achieve a target SOC value; furthermore, in order to enable the SOC of the energy storage system to reach a target SOC value, the fuel cell clusters can participate in discharging, namely, a plurality of secondary cell clusters are charged, and the power of the system is balanced through the super capacitor clusters, so that the SOC balance of the energy storage system is realized.

Optionally, if an abnormality occurs in a secondary battery cluster before the energy storage system is charged or discharged, the steps S301 to S304 may be executed to calculate a target SOC value, and charge or discharge other secondary battery clusters that are not abnormal may be controlled, so that the SOC of the energy storage system reaches the target SOC value, and charge the other secondary battery clusters that are not abnormal by using the supercapacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster until SOC balance is achieved, so as to ensure safe operation of the energy storage system.

If a certain secondary battery cluster is abnormal in the charging or discharging process of the energy storage system, the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster are directly utilized to charge the other secondary battery clusters which are not abnormal until the SOC balance is realized, and the safe operation of the energy storage system is ensured.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application can control the charge and discharge of the energy storage system through the corresponding intelligent algorithm control strategy, and realize the balance of the SOC by adopting the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster, thereby having higher efficiency, simple structure and lower cost, further improving the energy storage efficiency of the whole energy storage system, prolonging the cycle life and improving the safety of the system operation.

Optionally, since the energy storage system is composed of a plurality of energy storage clusters, the energy storage cluster combination can be set according to the system requirement or application scene, as shown in table 1, the number of secondary battery clusters is set to be greater than the number of super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; and the single cluster power of the secondary battery cluster is smaller than the power of the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster.

TABLE 1

The above battery types and the number of deployments of the secondary battery cluster, the supercapacitor cluster, and the fuel cell cluster are merely exemplary, and the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited thereto, and may be set based on system requirements or application scenarios.

It is understood that the present application may also set the charging time of the secondary battery cluster and the stage capacitor cluster, for example, the charging time of the secondary battery cluster may be configured to be 0.25 hours to 10 hours, preferably 2 hours; the charging time of the supercapacitor cluster can be configured from 1 second to 1 hour, preferably 3 seconds; the embodiment of the application does not limit the specific time of setting, and can be set based on the system requirement or application scene.

Optionally, the method for controlling charge and discharge of the energy storage system may further select a model prediction control strategy, a direct connection control strategy, etc., where the model prediction control strategy is based on charge and discharge power and initial SOC required by the energy storage system, and the charge and discharge power and the initial SOC are input into a machine learning model to obtain a target SOC value, so as to control the energy storage system to charge and discharge to achieve the target SOC value; the embodiment of the application does not limit the specific model corresponding to the machine learning model, for example, the model can be a neural network model based on deep learning; the direct connection control strategy is based on manual selection and directly controls the energy storage system to charge and discharge.

Therefore, different strategies can be selected for charge and discharge control of the energy storage system based on different application scenes or user requirements, and application flexibility is improved.

Optionally, the charge and discharge instruction includes a charge instruction and a discharge instruction; the charge-discharge voltage comprises a charge voltage and a discharge voltage; in S302, the SOC algorithm corresponding to the charging instruction may be:

the SOC algorithm corresponding to the discharging instruction is as follows:

In the embodiment of the application, when the current SOC of the secondary battery cluster is calculated during charging, the charging start time t1 and the charging end time t2 are also required to be obtained, and in the period of t2-t1, the actual current SOC can be calculated by utilizing an integral algorithm and SOC deviation and is very close to an actual value; the SOC deviation Δe can be understood as a correction value.

Accordingly, in calculating the current SOC of the secondary battery cluster at the time of discharging, it is also necessary to acquire the discharge start time T1 and the discharge end time T2, and during this period of time T2-T1, the actual current SOC, which is very close to the actual value, can be calculated using the integration algorithm and the SOC deviation.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application obtains the real SOC based on the SOC algorithm through correcting the current SOC, and improves the accuracy of calculating the SOC.

Optionally, the charge and discharge power includes a charge power and a discharge power; in S303, when the charge-discharge instruction is a charge instruction, the predefined algorithm for calculating the target SOC value may be:

tar＝argmin(w1×tar1+w2×tar2)

tar1 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

tar2 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

wherein tar is a target SOC value; w1 and w2 are positive integers, and w1+w2=1, and the corresponding values of w1 and w2 are determined based on the application scene; A mean value of current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters; pc is the charging power required by the energy storage system; n is the number of secondary battery clusters; k is a natural number less than n。

In the embodiment of the application, when the energy storage system receives the charging instruction and calculates the target SOC value, the energy storage system also needs to acquire the weight values corresponding to tar1 and tar2, the weight values corresponding to tar1 and tar2 are determined based on the application scene, and can be set manually, the embodiment of the application is not particularly limited to the above, and only the values of w1 and w2 corresponding to different energy storage systems are different; in the formula corresponding to tar2, the value of k may be selected to be k=1 or k=0.

The target SOC value can be obtained through calculation through the formula, and the energy storage system can be controlled to be charged based on the target SOC value when the target SOC value is obtained.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application controls the energy storage system to charge by calculating the target SOC value, and improves the accuracy of controlling the charging.

Optionally, in S303, when the charge-discharge instruction is a discharge instruction, the predefined algorithm corresponding to the target SOC value is calculated as:

tar＝argmin(w3×tar1+w4×tar3)

tar3 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

In the embodiment of the application, when the energy storage system receives the discharge instruction and calculates the target SOC value, the energy storage system also needs to acquire the weight values corresponding to tar1 and tar3, the weight values corresponding to tar1 and tar3 are determined based on the application scene, and can be set manually, the embodiment of the application is not particularly limited to the above, but the values of w3 and w4 corresponding to different energy storage systems are different; in the formula corresponding to tar3, the value of k may be selected to be k=1 or k=0.

The weight value w3 corresponding to tar1 is different from the weight value w1 corresponding to tar 1.

The target SOC value can be obtained through calculation through the formula, and the discharge of the energy storage system can be controlled based on the target SOC value when the target SOC value is obtained.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application controls the energy storage system to discharge by calculating the target SOC value, and improves the accuracy of controlling the discharge.

In the embodiment of the present application, the preset condition may mean that the current SOC and/or Udi (uic) of the ith secondary battery cluster is lower than a normal threshold, and the specific numerical value corresponding to the normal threshold is not limited in the embodiment of the present application; the power variation value refers to a difference between an initial power and a post-discharge power of the secondary battery cluster.

In this step, when the current SOC or Udi of the ith secondary battery cluster is lower than the normal threshold, the power of the secondary battery cluster is reduced from p1 to p2, the output power of the fuel battery cluster is p1-p2, further, the fuel battery cluster charges the secondary battery cluster based on the power variation value of p1-p2, and the power of the fuel battery cluster when being charged is balanced by the super capacitor cluster.

When the i-th secondary battery cluster SOC is higher than the normal threshold, or meets the normal threshold, but Udi is lower than the normal threshold, the secondary battery cluster is judged to need maintenance, and three operation strategies are available for selection, namely:

Strategy 1: the primary power operation of the energy storage system is kept, the secondary battery cluster discharges to the cut-off voltage, and further, the balance maintenance can be carried out through the fuel battery cluster or the power frequency alternating current.

Strategy 2: and reducing the power operation of the energy storage system, namely, calculating an SOC algorithm to determine a real target SOC value.

Strategy 3: realizing on-line maintenance, namely discharging the secondary battery cluster by power P1 and discharging the fuel battery cluster by P1+P2 in the discharging process of the energy storage system, wherein P1 is maintenance power and P2 is the discharging power from the fuel battery cluster to the bus; by the action of the DC-DC converter, the charge maintenance of one secondary battery cluster in the discharging process can be realized, and the insufficient power of the energy storage system is supplemented by the fuel cell cluster.

Further, a target strategy is selected from the operation strategies based on the application scene, the secondary battery clusters are charged by the fuel cell clusters based on the selected target strategy, and the power of the fuel cell clusters during charging is balanced by the super capacitor clusters.

It should be noted that when the energy storage system operates the DC-DC converter to switch different strategies, fluctuation interference is instantaneously caused to the voltage on the bus, and at this time, the supercapacitor cluster starts to work, and reverse power support is provided for instantaneous (millisecond-level) bus voltage fluctuation, so that the voltage is stable.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application can maintain the SOC through the super capacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster, so that the charge level of the energy storage system is kept in a reasonable range, thereby improving the energy storage efficiency of the whole battery pack, prolonging the cycle life and improving the safety.

In the step, when the system receives a standing instruction, the battery of the energy storage system is in an external static state, namely, a state of not providing power or supplementing power to the outside, but the operation state of the energy storage system can be determined based on the magnitude of the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters inside the energy storage system; the operating states include a standby state, a first equilibrium state, and a second equilibrium state.

The standby state may refer to a state in which the energy storage system waits for operation, and the first equilibrium state may refer to a state in which charging of a certain secondary battery cluster by other secondary battery clusters is achieved through a DC-DC converter; the power of the other secondary battery clusters is higher than that of a certain secondary battery cluster; the second equilibrium state may refer to a state in which the fuel cell cluster is operated, and a certain secondary cell cluster is charged through the DC-DC converter.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application can ensure that the energy storage system is not deficient in power under the condition of standing again and is always in an equilibrium state, and the energy storage system can be directly used next time, thereby improving the application practicability and the service life of the energy storage system.

In the embodiment of the application, the first threshold value may refer to a threshold value set in advance for determining that the SOC deviation is small, and the second threshold value may refer to a threshold value set in advance for determining that the SOC deviation is large, and corresponding to the need for charging and maintaining the secondary battery cluster; the specific values corresponding to the first threshold value and the second threshold value are not limited, and the first threshold value can be set to 0% to 10% of the SOC, such as 3% of the SOC; the second threshold may be set to 0% to 30% of SOC, such as 5% of SOC.

In the step, when the SOC deviation of each secondary battery cluster is smaller than 0-3% of the SOC, the energy storage system enters a standby state; when the SOC deviation of each secondary battery cluster is smaller than 3-5% of the SOC, the energy storage system enters a first equilibrium state, namely other secondary battery clusters are charged for the secondary battery cluster through the DC-DC converter; when the SOC deviation of each secondary battery cluster is greater than 5%, the energy storage system enters a second equilibrium state, i.e., the fuel cell cluster is operated, and the secondary battery cluster is charged through the DC-DC converter.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application aims at the condition of different SOC deviation, and the energy storage system corresponds to different running states, so that the energy in the energy storage system can be reasonably utilized, and the running stability of the energy storage system is improved.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

In the embodiment of the application, the preset threshold may refer to a threshold set in advance and used for determining that the standing time of the energy storage system is excessively long, and the specific numerical value corresponding to the preset threshold is not limited in the embodiment of the application.

In this step, when the energy storage system stands still for a long time, the fuel cell cluster is started, and the i secondary battery energy storage cluster is charged sequentially, and the charging sequence may be i=1, i= …, i=n, and the charging power may be 0.1C to 1C or 0.1P to 1P, for example, 0.1C to 0.2C may be selected, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In the charging process, the energy storage system also needs to acquire a charging voltage Uci corresponding to the charging current of the secondary battery cluster, and judge whether the secondary battery cluster needs maintenance, such as overhauling, charging or discharging, according to the difference value between Uci and the reference voltage Us; wherein, us is obtained from the operation data of the secondary battery cluster, and the parameters related to Us may include SOCi of the battery cluster, current i of the secondary battery cluster, and other parameters such as temperature x1, elapsed charging time x2, and the like; the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited in this regard, as determined based on the following formula:

Us＝f(SOCi,i,x1,x2…)

therefore, the embodiment of the application can maintain the secondary battery cluster, further lengthen the running time of the secondary battery cluster and improve the application range of the energy storage system.

In the foregoing embodiments, the method for controlling charge and discharge of the energy storage system according to the embodiments of the present application is described, and in order to implement the functions in the method according to the embodiments of the present application, the electronic device as the execution body may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and implement the functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure and a software module. Some of the functions described above are performed in a hardware configuration, a software module, or a combination of hardware and software modules, depending on the specific application of the solution and design constraints.

For example, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a charge-discharge control device of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application, where the device is applied to the energy storage system; the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage clusters; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus includes: a receiving module 401, a determining module 402, a calculating module 403 and a charging and discharging module 404; the receiving module 401 is configured to receive a charge-discharge instruction, and obtain initial states of charge SOC and charge-discharge voltages of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, and charge-discharge power required by the energy storage system and an application scenario of the energy storage system;

The determining module 402 is configured to determine SOC deviations of the plurality of secondary battery clusters based on the application scenario, and calculate a current SOC of each secondary battery cluster using an SOC algorithm based on the initial SOC and the SOC deviations;

the calculating module 403 is configured to calculate an average value of current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, and calculate a target SOC value using a predefined algorithm based on the current SOCs of the plurality of secondary battery clusters, the average value, the charge-discharge voltage, and the charge-discharge power required by the energy storage system;

the charge-discharge module 404 is configured to control the plurality of secondary battery clusters to charge or discharge based on the charge-discharge instruction, so that the SOC of the energy storage system reaches the target SOC value, and charge the plurality of secondary battery clusters by using the supercapacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster until SOC equalization is achieved.

the SOC algorithm corresponding to the discharging instruction is as follows:

tar＝argmin(w1×tar1+w2×tar2)

tar1 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

tar2 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

tar＝argmin(w3×tar1+w4×tar3)

tar3 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

Optionally, the charge-discharge module 404 is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the charge and discharge instruction further includes a standing instruction; the device also comprises a standing module, wherein the standing module is used for:

Optionally, the standing module is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the device further includes a maintenance module, where the maintenance module is configured to:

The specific implementation principle and effect of the charge and discharge control device of the energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the application can be referred to the corresponding related description and effect of the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

The embodiment of the application also provides a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device may include: a processor 502 and a memory 501 communicatively coupled to the processor; the memory 501 stores a computer program; the processor 502 executes the computer program stored in the memory 501, so that the processor 502 performs the method according to any of the embodiments described above.

Wherein the memory 501 and the processor 502 may be connected by a bus 503.

The present application also provides an energy storage system, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, where the energy storage system includes: a plurality of energy storage clusters, a plurality of DC-DC converters, and an electronic device as described in fig. 5; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; each secondary battery cluster is corresponding to a DC-DC converter, and the secondary battery clusters are connected with the DC-DC converter in parallel to form a group of centralized structures;

The DC-DC converter may be replaced by a DC port, which may perform the same regulation function, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In the embodiment of the application, the voltage of each energy storage cluster is adjustable by constructing a centralized energy storage system by using the DC-DC converter and the energy storage clusters.

The working principle of the fuel cell cluster is that the reducing gas (namely fuel) reacts with air to generate electric power; the reducing gas includes hydrogen, methane, methanol (liquid) and the like, and the embodiment of the application is not particularly limited thereto, and is preferably hydrogen, so that the method is energy-saving, environment-friendly and pollution-free.

The fuel cell cluster is connected in parallel with the DC-DC converter and is used for adjusting the output voltage, specifically, when the fuel cell cluster outputs power, the voltage of the output power may be different from the system voltage, so that the voltage is corrected by the DC-DC converter, and the adjustment of the output voltage is realized; the fuel cell cluster may also control the operating current of the DC-DC converter.

Alternatively, the supercapacitor cluster may not be connected in parallel with the DC-DC converter, and is a supercapacitor cluster deployed separately, which may determine whether the supercapacitor cluster is connected in parallel with the DC-DC converter according to the application scenario requirement, and whether the supercapacitor cluster is connected with the DC-DC converter in the circuit.

Optionally, after the reducing gas in the fuel cell cluster reacts with air, high-nitrogen tail gas can be discharged, and the fuel cell cluster can be used for fire protection of an energy storage system, and the heat exchange system of the fuel cell cluster can also be used for heat supply of the energy storage system. Specifically, in operation of the fuel cell cluster, oxygen in cathode air is consumed to become high-nitrogen gas, and the gas is discharged into the energy storage battery system, so that fire safety of the system can be improved through the characteristics of low oxygen and high nitrogen.

It should be noted that, because the oxygen content in the tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell cluster is generally 10% -21%, the security effect of the energy storage system is controlled by setting the oxygen content, for example, the oxygen concentration in the tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell is lower, and the gas is used as the protection gas of the energy storage system, so that the fire fighting capability of the system is improved.

Therefore, the system can realize the on-line maintenance of the system through the centralized structure realized by the DC-DC converter and through the mutual combination of the fuel cell cluster, the secondary cell cluster and the super capacitor cluster, and can also realize the multi-network integration of the power grid and the gas network of the energy structure, thereby improving the application range of the energy storage system and being particularly suitable for off-network application scenes.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, are configured to implement a method as in any of the foregoing embodiments of the present application.

The embodiment of the application also provides a chip for running instructions, and the chip is used for executing the method executed by the electronic equipment in any of the previous embodiments of the application.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product comprising computer program code which, when executed by a processor, implements a method as performed by an electronic device in any of the previous embodiments of the application.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of modules is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions of actual implementation, e.g., multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

The modules illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to implement the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional module in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules may be integrated in one unit. The units formed by the modules can be realized in a form of hardware or a form of hardware and software functional units.

The integrated modules, which are implemented in the form of software functional modules, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The software functional modules described above are stored in a storage medium and include instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or processor to perform some of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the application.

It should be appreciated that the processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU for short), other general purpose processors, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP for short), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC for short), etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the present application may be embodied directly in a hardware processor for execution, or in a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor for execution.

The Memory may include a high-speed random access Memory (Random Access Memory, abbreviated as RAM), and may further include a Non-volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one magnetic disk Memory, and may also be a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only Memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The bus may be an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, ISA) bus, an external device interconnect (Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, EISA) bus, among others. The buses may be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses in the drawings of the present application are not limited to only one bus or to one type of bus.

The storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile Memory device or combination thereof, such as Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EEPROM), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.

An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, ASIC for short). It is also possible that the processor and the storage medium reside as discrete components in an electronic device or a master device.

The foregoing is merely a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiment of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The charge and discharge control method of the energy storage system is characterized by being applied to the energy storage system; the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage clusters; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; the method comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge instructions comprise a charge instruction and a discharge instruction; the charge-discharge voltage comprises a charge voltage and a discharge voltage; the SOC algorithm corresponding to the charging instruction is as follows:

the SOC algorithm corresponding to the discharging instruction is as follows:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the charge and discharge power comprises a charge power and a discharge power; when the charge and discharge instruction is a charge instruction, calculating the predefined algorithm corresponding to the target SOC value as follows:

tar＝argmin(w1×tar1+w2×tar2)

tar1 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

tar2 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein when the charge-discharge instruction is a discharge instruction, the predefined algorithm for calculating the target SOC value is:

tar＝argmin(w3×tar1+w4×tar3)

tar3 satisfies the following formula:

or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,

5. The method of claim 1, wherein charging the plurality of secondary battery clusters with the supercapacitor cluster and the fuel cell cluster comprises:

6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the charge-discharge instructions further comprise a rest instruction; the method further comprises the steps of:

7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining the operating state of the energy storage system based on the SOC deviation of the plurality of secondary battery clusters comprises:

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises:

9. The charge and discharge control device of the energy storage system is characterized by being applied to the energy storage system; the energy storage system includes a plurality of energy storage clusters; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; the device comprises:

10. An electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor;

The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

the processor executes computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method of any one of claims 1-8.

11. An energy storage system comprising a plurality of energy storage clusters, a plurality of DC-DC converters, and the electronic device of claim 10; the energy storage clusters comprise a plurality of secondary battery clusters, super capacitor clusters and fuel cell clusters; each secondary battery cluster is corresponding to a DC-DC converter, and the secondary battery clusters are connected with the DC-DC converter in parallel to form a group of centralized structures;

12. A computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions which when executed by a processor are adapted to carry out the method of any one of claims 1-8.

13. A computer program product comprising program code for performing the method of any of claims 1-8 when the computer program is run by a computer.