CN117169465A - Test device and method for coal-penetrating tunnel tunneling induced coal and gas outburst - Google Patents
Test device and method for coal-penetrating tunnel tunneling induced coal and gas outburst Download PDFInfo
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- CN117169465A CN117169465A CN202311147647.2A CN202311147647A CN117169465A CN 117169465 A CN117169465 A CN 117169465A CN 202311147647 A CN202311147647 A CN 202311147647A CN 117169465 A CN117169465 A CN 117169465A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and provides a device and a method for testing coal penetration tunnel tunneling induced coal and gas outburst, wherein the device comprises a test box, a rock sample and a coal sample are filled in the test box, and a sealing port is formed in one side of the test box; the simulated excavation assembly comprises a drilling piece, and a cutter disc is connected to the drilling piece in a transmission way; the loading assembly is used for carrying out three-dimensional pressurization loading on the test sample; the grouting assembly comprises a mixing pumping part, a water pumping part and an injection part, and the injection part is arranged on the drilling part and is communicated with the mixing pumping part and the water pumping part; the water injection assembly is used for manufacturing an aquifer in the test box; and the gas supply assembly is used for introducing gas into the coal sample. The method can accurately simulate the outburst conditions of coal and gas induced by coal-penetrating tunnel tunneling, and has certain guiding significance for monitoring and early warning of outburst induced by rock cross-cut coal uncovering of the coal-penetrating tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing coal and gas outburst induced by coal-penetrating tunnel tunneling.
Background
China is further pushing national infrastructure, in particular to rapid development of highway construction, the total mileage of the highway is continuously increased, and meanwhile, the number of highway tunnels is continuously increased. This is mainly because many areas of China are mountain areas and the geological conditions are relatively complex, so tunnel construction is one of the important choices for solving the problems. However, many complex geological conditions may be encountered during tunnel construction and sometimes coal formations have to be traversed. The coal measure stratum is used as a special rock-soil body, has the characteristics of weaker rock quality, easily broken structure, easy softening when meeting water and poorer engineering mechanical property, is rich in gas, and forms a great threat to tunnel construction safety. In addition, mined coal formations often present goaf or aquifer, which is also an important hidden danger for tunnel construction safety. Because the coal-based stratum has the characteristics, the tunnel construction difficulty of crossing the coal-based stratum is high. Therefore, this problem has become an important research direction in the field of tunnel construction.
In order to prevent the outburst of coal and gas and the occurrence of related gas disasters during the tunnel construction process of crossing coal-based strata, an effective outburst prevention measure must be sought. The common practice is to reserve the stable rock pillar of certain thickness between coal seam and excavation face, makes the tunnel stop the tunnelling, waits to carry out the excavation of reserving the rock pillar after preventing the sudden measure construction to the coal seam that has outstanding danger, ventilates the gas tunnel simultaneously to prevent the emergence of gas accident, ensures the security of construction. Therefore, the thickness of the rock pillar, the protruding precursor characteristics, the critical gas pressure and the like are reserved before the coal uncovering of the tunnel are analyzed for discussion, and the method has certain theoretical and engineering practical significance for the safe construction of the tunnel and the prevention of the coal and gas protrusion.
The domestic published patent and literature are studied to a certain extent for coal-penetrating tunnel construction. The Chinese patent application No. CN201910646185.6 discloses a continuous repeated coal uncovering and outburst prevention operation flow of a coal penetrating tunnel under the condition of complex structure. The method relies on comprehensive outburst prevention measures in a four-in-one area and local comprehensive outburst prevention measures, and under the condition of implementing a multi-azimuth gas outburst safety guarantee system in advance, comprehensive advanced geological forecast, area prediction, drainage and verification comprehensive outburst prevention measures and local comprehensive outburst prevention measures are implemented by penetrating all coal seams at one time, so that the coal uncovering safety of a continuous repeated coal penetrating tunnel under the condition of complex construction is effectively ensured. However, the on-site research period is long, the workload is large, and once uncontrollable coal and gas outburst or water bursting disasters occur, the danger to workers and equipment is extremely high, if the related physical test research can be carried out indoors, the research period can be greatly shortened, the workload can be effectively reduced, and the safety of the research can be ensured. The utility model discloses a simulation experiment device of a tunnel boring machine, which mainly simulates the construction process and the construction flow of the TBM of the tunnel boring machine in tunnel boring, thereby researching the unloading process and damage characteristics of surrounding rock after TBM construction and researching the stability control of the surrounding rock. However, the grouting process has the problem of pipeline blockage, the construction process is not researched aiming at the coal and gas outburst danger in the coal-penetrating tunnel construction, and the occurrence state of a coal stratum is not simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a device and a method for testing coal and gas outburst induced by coal-penetrating tunneling, so as to solve the problems and achieve the purpose of accurately simulating the coal and gas outburst induced by coal-penetrating tunneling.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following solutions: a coal-penetrating tunnel tunnelling induced coal and gas outburst test device, comprising:
the test box is filled with a test sample, and rock stratum, coal seam and water-bearing layer are arranged in the test sample;
a simulated excavation assembly comprising a drilling member for drilling into a test sample;
the loading assembly is arranged in the test box and is used for carrying out three-dimensional pressurization loading on the test sample so as to simulate geological conditions of a construction site;
the mixing pumping piece is used for pumping a mixture for guniting;
the water pumping piece is used for pumping cooling water in the excavation process;
the first injection piece is arranged on the simulated excavation assembly, and is communicated with the mixing pumping piece and the water pumping piece and used for spraying water or mixture on the side wall of the goaf;
the monitoring assembly is arranged on the simulated excavation assembly and the test box.
Preferably, the first injection member comprises a first grouting nozzle and a second grouting nozzle, and the mixing pumping member and the water pumping member are respectively communicated with the first grouting nozzle and the second grouting nozzle.
Preferably, the device further comprises a second injection part, wherein the second injection part comprises a water injection nozzle, the water pumping part is communicated with the water injection nozzle, and the water injection nozzle is used for cooling the simulated excavation assembly.
Preferably, the material mixing pumping element comprises a material mixing storage tank and a material sealing pump, wherein the material mixing storage tank is communicated with a material inlet of the material sealing pump through a first material conveying pipeline, a first valve is communicated with the first material conveying pipeline, and a material outlet of the material sealing pump is communicated with the first grouting spray head and the second grouting spray head through a second material conveying pipeline.
Preferably, the water pumping piece comprises a first water storage tank and a first water pumping machine, the first water storage tank is communicated with a feed inlet of the first water pumping machine through a first water conveying pipeline, a second valve is communicated with the first water conveying pipeline, a third water conveying pipeline and one end of a fourth water conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with a discharge outlet of the first water pumping machine through a second water conveying pipeline, the other end of the third water conveying pipeline is communicated with a first grouting spray head and a second grouting spray head, the other end of the fourth water conveying pipeline is communicated with the water injection spray head, a third valve is communicated with the third water conveying pipeline, and a fourth valve is communicated with the fourth water conveying pipeline.
Preferably, the water injection device further comprises a water injection assembly, the water injection assembly comprises a second water delivery pump and a second water storage tank, the second water storage tank is communicated with a water inlet of the second water delivery pump through a third water delivery pipeline, a seventh valve is communicated with the third water delivery pipeline, a fourth water delivery pipeline is communicated between a water outlet of the second water delivery pump and the test box, and the aquifer is correspondingly arranged with the fourth water delivery pipeline.
Preferably, the gas supply assembly comprises a gas cylinder, a vacuum pump and an interface, wherein the interface is communicated with the test box and is correspondingly arranged with the coal seam, a sixth valve is communicated with the interface, the vacuum pump is communicated with the interface through a second inflation pipeline, the gas cylinder is communicated with the interface through a first inflation pipeline, and a fifth valve is communicated with the gas cylinder.
Preferably, the side wall of the test box is fixedly connected with a waste recovery box, and the waste recovery box is used for collecting solid, gas and liquid waste generated in the test process.
A test method for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting field rock blocks and coal blocks, manufacturing test samples, and putting the test samples into a test box;
s2, starting a loading assembly to load the rock sample and the coal sample in three dimensions;
s3, setting parameters of the simulated excavation assembly, drilling a test sample, and monitoring various data through the monitoring assembly;
s4, if coal and gas outburst occurs in the drilling process, immediately stopping the test, observing whether the coal and gas outburst further induces water bursting disaster, measuring the reserved thickness of the safety rock pillar and critical outburst precursor signals, if the coal and gas outburst does not occur, performing slurry spraying treatment on the goaf through the first spraying assembly, and then continuing tunneling;
s5, repeating the step S4 until the outburst or water bursting of coal and gas is induced, immediately stopping drilling, and measuring the reserved thickness of the safety rock pillar and critical outburst precursor signals;
s6, repeating the steps, gradually reducing the gas pressure in the coal sample with a gradient of 0.MPa, simulating the drilling process after the gas extraction measure is implemented, and starting the drilling piece until no protrusion occurs when the coal sample is drilled, so as to obtain the protrusion critical gas pressure;
s7, processing data in the test process;
and S8, removing the device and performing maintenance.
Preferably, if the coal and gas outburst still does not occur when the drilling piece drills into the coal block sample, the drilling is stopped, and the next test is performed by changing the test parameters until the coal and gas outburst is induced.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and technical effects:
1. the utility model also considers secondary water bursting disasters possibly further induced by coal and gas bursting, and various parameters of the test device can be adjusted according to test requirements, so that the reserved thickness of the safety rock pillar under various different parameter test conditions can be measured.
2. The grouting assembly can perform rapid grouting reinforcement treatment on the goaf, and simulate support treatment on the goaf in the tunneling construction process, so that the influence of displacement deformation of a rock sample in the drilling machine tunneling process on the test process is avoided.
3. The monitoring component is arranged on the cutterhead, so that parameter changes in a rock sample in the tunneling process can be monitored in real time, and a gas emission characteristic salient early warning index and a critical value in the test process can be obtained, so that guidance is provided for predicting coal and gas salient risks in the actual coal-penetrating tunnel tunneling construction process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal-penetrating tunneling test of the utility model with an inclined coal seam and an aquifer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coal-penetrating tunnel tunnelling test preparation of a fault-containing geological structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coal-penetrating tunnel tunnelling test process of the fault-containing geological structure of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a drill bit of the present utility model;
wherein, 1, the drilling machine; 2. a drill rod; 3. a cutterhead; 4. a cutter; 5. a rock formation; 6. a test chamber; 7. a coal seam; 8. an aquifer; 9. a waste recycling bin; 10. sealing the mouth; 11. a hydraulic pump station; 12a, a first hydraulic control line; 12b, a second hydraulic control line; 13a, a first load plate; 13b, a second load plate; 14. a mixture storage tank; 15. a first water storage tank; 16. sealing material pump; 17. a first water pump; 18a, a first valve; 18b, a second valve; 19a, a third valve; 19b, a fourth valve; 20a, a first mixture conveying pipeline; 20b, a second mixture conveying pipeline; 21a, a first water delivery pipeline; 21b, a second water delivery pipeline; 21c, a third water conveying pipeline; 21d, a fourth water conveying pipeline; 22a, a first grouting nozzle; 22b, a second grouting nozzle; 23. a water injection nozzle; 24. a gas cylinder; 25. a vacuum pump; 26a, a first inflation line; 26b, a second inflation line; 27a, a fifth valve; 27b, a sixth valve; 28. a second water conveying pump; 29. a second water storage tank; 30. a seventh valve; 31a, a third water conveying pipeline; 31b, a fourth water delivery pipeline; 32. an air tightness detector; 33. a first pressure sensor; 34. a second pressure sensor; 35. an integrated sensor; 36. and a data processing center.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the utility model provides a test device for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst, comprising:
the test box 6 is filled with a test sample, and the test sample is provided with a rock stratum 5, a coal bed 7 and an aquifer 8;
the simulated excavation assembly comprises a drilling piece, and the drilling piece is used for drilling into the test sample;
the loading assembly is arranged in the test box 6 and is used for carrying out three-dimensional pressurization loading on the test sample so as to simulate geological conditions of a construction site;
the mixing pumping piece is used for pumping a mixture for spraying;
the water pumping piece is used for pumping cooling water in the excavation process;
the first injection piece is arranged on the simulated excavation assembly and is communicated with the mixing pumping piece and the water pumping piece and used for spraying water or mixture on the side wall of the goaf;
the monitoring component is arranged on the simulated excavation component and the test box 6.
The main function of the simulated excavation component is to drill into a test sample in the test box 6, and simulate tunnel excavation; the primary function of the first jet member is to perform guniting reinforcement on the goaf after drilling for a certain distance; the monitoring component is mainly used for detecting and recording various data in the test process. In addition, the utility model can simulate the conditions of coal and gas outburst, can simulate the water-bursting condition, simultaneously record various data in the tunneling process under different test conditions, analyze the evolution rule of various parameters under different working conditions, and has certain guiding significance for monitoring and early warning of coal-penetrating tunnel-induced coal and gas outburst.
Further preferably, the side wall of the test chamber 6 is provided with a sealing port 10, and the cutter 4 drills into the test sample in the test chamber 6 through the sealing port 10.
Further preferably, the first spraying member comprises a first grouting nozzle 22a and a second grouting nozzle 22b, and the mixing pumping member and the water pumping member are respectively communicated with the first grouting nozzle 22a and the second grouting nozzle 22 b.
Further optimizing scheme still includes the second and sprays the piece, and the second sprays the piece and includes water injection shower nozzle 23, and water pump send piece and water injection shower nozzle 23 intercommunication, and water injection shower nozzle 23 is used for cooling down to simulate excavation subassembly.
Further optimizing scheme, the compounding pumping member includes mixture storage tank 14 and sealing material pump machine 16, through first transport mixture pipeline 20a intercommunication between the feed inlet of mixture storage tank 14 and sealing material pump machine 16, the last first valve 18a that communicates of first transport mixture pipeline 20a, the discharge gate of sealing material pump machine 16 and first slip casting shower nozzle 22a, second slip casting shower nozzle 22b between through second transport mixture pipeline 20b intercommunication.
As shown in fig. 4, since the first grouting nozzle 22a and the second grouting nozzle 22b are communicated with each other, the end of the second mixed material conveying pipeline 20b away from the sealing pump 16 can be communicated with the first grouting nozzle 22a and the second grouting nozzle 22b at the same time.
Further optimizing scheme, the water pumping piece includes first water storage tank 15 and first water delivery pump 17, communicate through first water delivery pipeline 21a between the feed inlet of first water storage tank 15 and first water delivery pump 17, the last second valve 18b that communicates of first water delivery pipeline 21a, the discharge gate of first water delivery pump 17 has the one end of third water delivery pipeline 21c and fourth water delivery pipeline 21d through second water delivery pipeline 21b respectively, the other end and the first slip casting shower nozzle 22a of third water delivery pipeline 21c, the second slip casting shower nozzle 22b intercommunication, the other end and the water injection shower nozzle 23 intercommunication of fourth water delivery pipeline 21d, the last third valve 19a that communicates of third water delivery pipeline 21c, the last fourth valve 19b that communicates of fourth water delivery pipeline 21 d.
As shown in fig. 4, the third water delivery line 21c may communicate with both the first and second grouting nozzles 22a and 22 b. The third valve 19a is opened, the fourth valve 19b is closed, and the first water delivery pump 17 can pump the water in the first water storage tank 15 to the first grouting spray head 22a and the second grouting spray head 22b through the second water delivery pipeline 21b and the third water delivery pipeline 21c to spray; similarly, the third valve 19a is closed, the fourth valve 19b is opened, and water enters the water injection nozzle 23 through the second water delivery pipeline 21b and the fourth water delivery pipeline 21d and is injected from the water injection nozzle 23.
Further optimizing scheme, simulation excavation subassembly includes rig 1, the transmission is connected with the one end of drilling rod 2 on the rig 1, the other end fixedly connected with blade disc 3 of drilling rod 2, fixedly connected with cutter 4 on the blade disc 3, cutter 4 are used for directly boring the test sample, and first slip casting shower nozzle 22a and second slip casting shower nozzle 22b set up on drilling rod 2 and are located the one side that cutter 4 was kept away from to blade disc 3.
Further preferably, the loading assembly comprises a first loading plate 13a and a second loading plate 13b respectively arranged on the upper inner wall and the rear inner wall of the test chamber 6, and the first loading plate 13a and the second loading plate 13b are used for directly pressurizing the rock sample and the coal sample.
In a further optimized scheme, the drilling machine 1, the first loading plate 13a and the second loading plate 13b are respectively in transmission connection with the hydraulic pump station 11.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic pump station 11 operates by supplying hydraulic oil to drive the drilling machine 1, the first loading plate 13a, and the second loading plate 13 b.
Further optimizing scheme still includes water injection subassembly, and water injection subassembly includes second water delivery pump 28 and second water storage tank 29, communicates through third water delivery pipeline 31a between the water inlet of second water storage tank 29 and second water delivery pump 28, and the last intercommunication of third water delivery pipeline 31a has seventh valve 30, communicates with fourth water delivery pipeline 31b between the delivery port of second water delivery pump 28 and the test box 6, and aquifer 8 corresponds the setting with fourth water delivery pipeline 31 b.
Further optimizing scheme still includes gas supply assembly, and gas supply assembly includes gas cylinder 24, vacuum pump 25 and interface, and the interface is connected with test chamber 6 and is set up with coal seam 7 correspondence, and the intercommunication has sixth valve 27b on the interface, communicates through second inflation line 26b between vacuum pump 25 and the interface, and gas cylinder 24 communicates with the interface through first inflation line 26a, and the intercommunication has fifth valve 27a on the gas cylinder 24.
Further optimizing scheme, the monitoring assembly includes the gas tightness detector 32 that communicates on test box 6, first pressure sensor 33, second pressure sensor 34 and set up integrated sensor 35 in blade disc 3, gas tightness detector 32, first pressure sensor 33, second pressure sensor 34, first pressure sensor 33 are used for monitoring the atmospheric pressure in test box 6, second pressure sensor 34 is used for monitoring the water pressure in aquifer 8, gas tightness detector 32, first pressure sensor 33, second pressure sensor 34 and integrated sensor 35 are electric connection respectively has data processing center 36.
The integrated sensor 35 integrates a pressure sensor, a gas concentration sensor, an infrared probe and a binocular video probe, the center of the cutterhead 3 is made of transparent materials and is designed into a micropore structure, so that various parameters can be effectively measured, and dust blockage is avoided; the evolution rule of each item of data monitored by the integrated sensor 35 is analyzed by the data processing center 36, so that the coal and gas outburst characteristics and influence factors are determined, further, the gas emission characteristic outburst early warning index and critical value in the test process can be obtained, and guidance can be provided for predicting the coal and gas outburst risk in the actual coal-penetrating tunnel tunneling construction process.
Further optimizing scheme, fixedly connected with waste recovery case 9 on the lateral wall of test chamber 6, waste recovery case 9 are used for collecting solid, gas, the liquid waste material that produces in the test process.
As shown in fig. 1, after the test is finished, solid, gas and liquid waste can be discharged into the waste recovery box 9 through the sealing port 10 for recovery treatment, and the whole test process is environment-friendly.
A test method for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting field rock blocks and coal blocks, manufacturing test samples, and placing the test samples into a test box 6;
opening the upper cover of the test box 6, placing a die with the same size as the coal bed 7 and the water-bearing layer 8 in the test box 6 according to test parameters, crushing the retrieved rock, screening out the required particle size to be used as aggregate, adding lime and gypsum to be used as cementing materials, adding water to be stirred, pouring into the test box 6 for curing for a period of time, and taking out the die after molding to be used as the rock layer 5; the retrieved coal pieces are cut and polished to the required structure, placed in a test box 6, cemented by adding coal tar to the interface between the formation 5 and the coal seam 7, and the test box 6 is sealed.
Then, the crushed and sieved rock blocks with small particle size, lime, gypsum and water are mixed in proportion to prepare a sealing material, and the sealing port 10 is filled for sealing.
And finally, collecting crushed rock and cut coal block residues, performing secondary crushing treatment, screening out small-particle-size rock and coal blocks meeting the test requirements, and adding a rapid coagulant as a mixture.
The mixture is injected into the mixture tank 14, the seal pump 16, the first grouting nozzle 22a, and the second grouting nozzle 22b are connected through the first and second mixture transporting pipelines 20a and 20b, water is injected into the first water tank 15, and the first water tank 15, the first and second grouting pumps 17, 22a, and the water injection nozzle 23 are connected through the first, second, third, and fourth water transporting pipelines 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21 d.
The drilling machine 1, the hydraulic pump station 11, the material sealing pump 16, the first water conveying pump 17, the vacuum pump 25, the second water conveying pump 28, the air tightness detector 32, the first pressure sensor 33, the second pressure sensor 34 and the integrated sensor 35 are connected with the data processing center 36.
The seventh valve 30 is opened, the second water pump 28 is started, water is filled into the aquifer 8, a certain water pressure is maintained, and the seventh valve 30 is closed.
S2, starting a loading assembly to load the rock sample and the coal sample in three dimensions;
the hydraulic pump station 11 is started, and the rock stratum 5 and the coal seam 7 are loaded in a true three-dimensional mode through the first loading plate 13a and the second loading plate 13 b.
S3, setting parameters of the simulated excavation assembly, drilling a test sample, and monitoring various data through the monitoring assembly;
opening a sixth valve 27b, starting a vacuum pump 25, vacuumizing the cavity of the test box 6, closing the sixth valve 27b, stopping the vacuum pump 25, opening the fifth valve 27a and the sixth valve 27b, filling gas into the coal seam 7 by using a gas cylinder 24, monitoring the change of the gas pressure in the test box 6 in the filling process by using a gas tightness detector 32, and ensuring the gas tightness of the device; if the air tightness is good, continuing to charge air until adsorption is balanced according to the gas pressure required by the test, and closing the fifth valve 27a and the sixth valve 27b; if the air tightness is poor, the sealing material is refilled, the test steps are repeated until the air tightness of the device is good, and then the device is inflated and adsorbed to an equilibrium state.
According to the parameters of the test scheme, installing a cutter disc 3 and a cutter 4, and setting drilling machine parameters such as drilling speed, weight on bit, rotating speed and the like; opening a second valve 18b and a fourth valve 19b, starting a first water conveying pump 17, cooling the cutter 4 in the drilling process, wetting and settling rock powder and discharging slag; starting the drilling machine 1, firstly drilling a sealing opening 10, then drilling the rock stratum 5, and monitoring video images, gas pressure, gas concentration, rock stratum temperature, rock stratum deformation and other data in the drilling process, as well as the gas pressure and the water pressure of the water-bearing stratum of the coal bed in real time.
S4, if coal and gas outburst occurs in the drilling process, immediately stopping the test, observing whether the coal and gas outburst further induces water bursting disaster, measuring the reserved thickness of the safety rock pillar and critical outburst precursor signals, if the coal and gas outburst does not occur, performing slurry spraying treatment on the goaf through the first spraying assembly, and then continuing tunneling;
monitoring the gas pressure, the gas concentration, the rock stratum temperature, the rock stratum deformation parameters, the gas pressure of a coal bed and the water pressure of a water-bearing layer in the tunnel in real time in the test process, observing whether the outburst happens, immediately stopping the test if the outburst happens, observing whether the outburst happens to further induce the water bursting disaster, and measuring the reserved thickness of a safety rock column and critical outburst precursor signals; if no mutation occurs, after the first grouting nozzle 22a and the second grouting nozzle 22b reach the distance between spraying, drilling is stopped, the third valve 19a is opened, water spraying and dust settling treatment is carried out on broken rock scraps and rock dust in the goaf, after deslagging and cleaning are carried out, the first valve 18a is opened again, the sealing pump 16 is started, after the mixture and water are mixed in a pipeline, rapid grouting reinforcement treatment is carried out on the goaf region through the first grouting nozzle 22a and the second grouting nozzle 22b, so that deformation of the rock stratum 5 in the goaf is prevented in the drilling process, and then the first valve 18a, the third valve 19a and the sealing pump 16 are closed, and tunneling is continued.
S5, repeating the step S4 until the outburst or water bursting of coal and gas is induced, immediately stopping drilling, and measuring the reserved thickness of the safety rock pillar and critical outburst precursor signals;
s6, repeating the steps, gradually reducing the gas pressure in the coal sample with a gradient of 0.1MPa, simulating the drilling process after the gas extraction measure is implemented, and starting the drilling piece until no protrusion occurs when the coal sample is drilled, so as to obtain the protrusion critical gas pressure;
s7, processing data in the test process;
and determining the reserved thickness of the safety rock column under different working conditions by analyzing the relation between the geological structures such as the size of the cutter head 3, the cutter 4, the drilling speed, the drilling pressure, the rotating speed, the aquifer, the coal seam gas pressure, the coal seam thickness, the coal seam inclination angle, the fault and the like and the reserved thickness of the safety rock column in the test.
And determining the size of the coal seam gas to be pre-extracted under different working conditions by analyzing and simulating the data change of video images, gas pressure, gas concentration, rock stratum temperature, rock stratum deformation and water pressure of the water-bearing layer in the drilling process after the gas extraction measures are implemented, so as to obtain the prominent critical gas pressure.
The response rule and the salient influence factor of the salient feature signals are determined by analyzing the evolution rule and the salient critical value of the gas pressure, the gas concentration, the rock stratum temperature, the rock stratum deformation and the water pressure data of the aquifer in the test process, so that the early warning index and the critical value of the salient feature of the gas emission are determined, and guidance is provided for predicting the coal and gas salient risks in the actual coal-penetrating tunnel tunneling construction process.
And S8, removing the device and performing maintenance.
And starting the drilling machine 1, withdrawing the drill rod 2, the cutter disc 3 and the cutter 4, and then loosening the first loading plate 13a and the second loading plate 13b to release pressure in the test chamber 6.
Closing each valve, disconnecting each waterway and gas circuit, disconnecting each sensor from the data processing center 36, and closing the data processing center 36.
And opening an upper cover of the test box 6, cleaning the coal sample and the rock sample in the test box 6, recycling the coal sample, the rock sample, the waste water and the waste gas in the waste recycling box 9, and maintaining the whole device.
And (3) further optimizing the scheme, stopping drilling if the coal and gas outburst still does not occur when the drilling piece drills into the coal sample, and changing the test parameters to perform the next test until the coal and gas outburst is induced.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model without departing from the design spirit of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wear coal tunnel tunnelling and induce test device that coal and gas outstanding which characterized in that includes:
the test box (6) is filled with a test sample, and the test sample is provided with a rock stratum (5), a coal bed (7) and an aquifer (8);
a simulated excavation assembly comprising a drilling member for drilling into a test sample;
the loading assembly is arranged in the test box (6) and is used for carrying out three-dimensional pressurization loading on a test sample so as to simulate geological conditions of a construction site;
the mixing pumping piece is used for pumping a mixture for guniting;
the water pumping piece is used for pumping cooling water in the excavation process;
the first injection piece is arranged on the simulated excavation assembly, and is communicated with the mixing pumping piece and the water pumping piece and used for spraying water or mixture on the side wall of the goaf;
the monitoring assembly is arranged on the simulated excavation assembly and the test box (6).
2. The test device for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first injection piece comprises a first grouting spray head (22 a) and a second grouting spray head (22 b), and the mixing pumping piece and the water pumping piece are respectively communicated with the first grouting spray head (22 a) and the second grouting spray head (22 b).
3. The test device for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst according to claim 2, characterized in that: the device comprises a simulation excavation component, and is characterized by further comprising a second injection part, wherein the second injection part comprises a water injection nozzle (23), the water pumping part is communicated with the water injection nozzle (23), and the water injection nozzle (23) is used for cooling the simulation excavation component.
4. A coal-penetrating tunnel boring induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mixing pumping element comprises a mixing storage tank (14) and a sealing pump (16), wherein the mixing storage tank (14) is communicated with a feeding port of the sealing pump (16) through a first conveying mixing pipeline (20 a), a first valve (18 a) is communicated with the first conveying mixing pipeline (20 a), and a discharging port of the sealing pump (16) is communicated with a first grouting spray head (22 a) and a second grouting spray head (22 b) through a second conveying mixing pipeline (20 b).
5. A coal-penetrating tunnel boring induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the water pumping piece comprises a first water storage tank (15) and a first water pumping machine (17), wherein the first water storage tank (15) is communicated with a feed inlet of the first water pumping machine (17) through a first water conveying pipeline (21 a), a second valve (18 b) is communicated with the first water conveying pipeline (21 a), a third water conveying pipeline (21 c) and one end of a fourth water conveying pipeline (21 d) are respectively communicated with a discharge outlet of the first water pumping machine (17) through a second water conveying pipeline (21 b), the other end of the third water conveying pipeline (21 c) is communicated with a first grouting spray nozzle (22 a) and a second grouting spray nozzle (22 b), the other end of the fourth water conveying pipeline (21 d) is communicated with a water injection spray nozzle (23), a third valve (19 a) is communicated with the third water conveying pipeline (21 c), and a fourth valve (19 b) is communicated with the fourth water conveying pipeline (21 d).
6. The test device for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include water injection assembly, water injection assembly includes second water delivery pump (28) and second water storage tank (29), second water storage tank (29) with through third water delivery pipeline (31 a) intercommunication between the water inlet of second water delivery pump (28), the intercommunication has seventh valve (30) on third water delivery pipeline (31 a), the delivery port of second water delivery pump (28) with pass fourth water delivery pipeline (31 b) intercommunication between test box (6), aquifer (8) with fourth water delivery pipeline (31 b) correspond and set up.
7. The test device for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include the gas supply assembly, the gas supply assembly includes gas cylinder (24), vacuum pump (25) and interface, the interface with test box (6) intercommunication and with coal seam (7) correspond the setting, the intercommunication has sixth valve (27 b) on the interface, vacuum pump (25) with communicate through second inflation line (26 b) between the interface, gas cylinder (24) through first inflation line (26 a) with the interface intercommunication, the intercommunication has fifth valve (27 a) on gas cylinder (24).
8. The test device for coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the test box (6) is fixedly connected with a waste recycling box (9), and the waste recycling box (9) is used for collecting solid, gas and liquid waste generated in the test process.
9. A method for testing coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst, based on the device for testing coal-penetrating tunneling induced coal and gas outburst according to the preceding claims, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting field rock blocks and coal blocks, manufacturing test samples, and placing the test samples into a test box (6);
s2, starting a loading assembly to load the rock sample and the coal sample in three dimensions;
s3, setting parameters of the simulated excavation assembly, drilling a test sample, and monitoring various data through the monitoring assembly;
s4, if coal and gas outburst occurs in the drilling process, immediately stopping the test, observing whether the coal and gas outburst further induces water bursting disaster, measuring the reserved thickness of the safety rock pillar and critical outburst precursor signals, if the coal and gas outburst does not occur, performing slurry spraying treatment on the goaf through the first spraying assembly, and then continuing tunneling;
s5, repeating the step S4 until the outburst or water bursting of coal and gas is induced, immediately stopping drilling, and measuring the reserved thickness of the safety rock pillar and critical outburst precursor signals;
s6, repeating the steps, gradually reducing the gas pressure in the coal sample with a gradient of 0.1MPa, simulating the drilling process after the gas extraction measure is implemented, and starting the drilling piece until no protrusion occurs when the coal sample is drilled, so as to obtain the protrusion critical gas pressure;
s7, processing data in the test process;
and S8, removing the device and performing maintenance.
10. The method for testing coal and gas outburst induced by coal-penetrating tunneling according to claim 9, comprising the following steps: if the coal and gas outburst still does not occur when the drilling piece drills into the coal block sample, stopping drilling, changing the test parameters, and performing the next test until the coal and gas outburst is induced.
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