CN117146869A - Excitation type magnetic encoder - Google Patents
Excitation type magnetic encoder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117146869A CN117146869A CN202311012233.9A CN202311012233A CN117146869A CN 117146869 A CN117146869 A CN 117146869A CN 202311012233 A CN202311012233 A CN 202311012233A CN 117146869 A CN117146869 A CN 117146869A
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- magnetic
- winding
- windings
- excitation
- magnetic encoder
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
- G01D5/249—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using pulse code
Abstract
The invention provides an excitation type magnetic encoder, which comprises a magnetic pole generating element, a magnetic sensitive element and a signal processing circuit, wherein the magnetic pole generating element moves along with a detected object to generate a space magnetic field with magnetic poles alternately changed; the magnetic sensitive element converts the transformation of the space magnetic field into an electric signal; the signal processing circuit is connected with the magnetic sensitive element, and the magnetic pole generating element comprises a magnetic conducting disc, a winding and an excitation power supply; the magnetic conduction disc is connected with the detected object through a connecting shaft; the windings are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side surface of the magnetic conduction disc, and any two adjacent windings are homodromous windings; the exciting power supply is used for providing exciting current for the winding, and the winding forms a magnetic field after being electrified with the exciting current; the control circuit is arranged between the excitation power supply and the winding and is used for controlling the conduction quantity of the winding so as to switch the resolution level of the excitation magnetic encoder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic encoder, in particular to an excitation type magnetic encoder.
Background
The encoder is combined with other field technologies, and can convert physical quantities such as displacement, speed, acceleration and the like in mechanical movement into digital electric signals, so that position detection and servo control are realized rapidly, timely and accurately. Encoders are mainly divided into two categories: photoelectric encoder and magnetic encoder. The photoelectric encoder has high detection precision and is dominant in the position sensor market. However, the optical structure has poor impact resistance and corrosion resistance, has high requirements on working environment, is difficult to work in severe environments such as humidity, dust, vibration and the like, and has a narrow application range. In addition, the photoelectric encoder has a complex structure, high requirements on the assembly process and high cost, so that the photoelectric encoder is not suitable for application in many occasions. The magnetic encoder can realize low cost, high resolution, high reliability and miniaturization, and the magnetic sensor is used for sensing the magnetic field change generated by the magnetic pole movement to measure the displacement change of the moving object. The magnetic encoder has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, small volume, low cost, interference resistance, shock resistance, vibration resistance, difficult influence by external factors such as greasy dirt, water vapor and the like. In the fields of high-precision measurement and control, magnetic encoders have become an indispensable part, and are widely used in the fields of military, electromechanics, information, aviation, construction, medical treatment, and the like.
For a wide speed range servo motor, it is desirable to use a high resolution magnetic encoder to more accurately detect position when the servo motor speed is relatively low; the use of a high resolution magnetic encoder when the servo motor speed is relatively high generates excessive pulses that exceed the drive recognition upper limit, and therefore requires switching to a low resolution magnetic encoder to match the drive.
However, the resolution of the conventional magnetic encoder depends on the number of magnetic poles around the disk, and in general, the permanent magnet is used as the magnetic poles, so that the volume is large, and once the number of the magnetic poles is determined after the magnetic encoder is manufactured, the resolution of the magnetic encoder cannot be dynamically changed, and the above-mentioned situation cannot be satisfied.
In order to solve the above problems, an ideal technical solution is always sought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, thereby providing an excitation magnetic encoder, which uses the winding to be introduced with excitation current to generate magnetic poles to replace permanent magnets, not only can improve the number of the magnetic poles under the condition of keeping the volume unchanged, but also can set a control circuit to change the number of the winding introduced with the excitation current when needed, thereby improving the resolution and the operation flexibility of the excitation magnetic encoder.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the excitation magnetic encoder comprises a magnetic pole generating element, a magnetic sensitive element and a signal processing circuit, wherein the magnetic pole generating element moves along with a detected object to generate a space magnetic field with magnetic poles alternately changed; the magnetic sensitive element converts the transformation of the space magnetic field into an electric signal; the signal processing circuit is connected with the magnetic sensitive element, and the magnetic pole generating element comprises a magnetic conducting disc, a winding and an excitation power supply;
the magnetic conduction disc is connected with the detected object through a connecting shaft;
the windings are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side surface of the magnetic conduction disc, and any two adjacent windings are homodromous windings;
the exciting power supply is used for providing exciting current for the winding, and the winding forms a magnetic field after being electrified with the exciting current.
Preferably, the excitation magnetic encoder further comprises a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is arranged between the excitation power supply and the windings and is used for controlling the conduction quantity of the windings so as to switch the resolution level of the excitation magnetic encoder.
Preferably, the winding comprises m parallel minimum operating units, the minimum operating units comprising adjacentAnd a plurality of windings, wherein n is a magnetic encoder resolution level threshold.
Preferably, the control circuit includes S 1 、S 2 、.....S n A plurality of switches S 1 Is connected to 1 winding of each minimum working unit; switch S i One end of (a) is connected with switch S i-1 One end connected to the winding of each minimum operating unit and the other end connected to +.>Windings, a->。
Preferably, when a magnetic encoder resolution level j is required, the switch S is controlled 1 To S j All of which are conducted and are connected,。
compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, in particular, the invention adopts the winding to supply current to form magnetic poles, and the volume of the magnetic poles is small, so the number of the magnetic poles can be increased; the invention also adjusts the number of windings which are conducted through the control circuit, thereby adjusting the detection precision, further improving the resolution and the operation flexibility of the encoder, and being applicable to the fields of high-precision measurement and control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pole generating pole element of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the winding arrangement and the wiring of the control circuit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a magnetically sensitive element; 2. a magnetic pole generating element; 3. an excitation power supply; 4. a signal processing circuit; 5. a connecting shaft; 6. and a control circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the following specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an excitation magnetic encoder, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a magnetic sensitive element 1, a magnetic pole generating element 2 and a signal processing circuit 4, wherein the magnetic pole generating element 2 moves along with a detected object to generate a space magnetic field with magnetic poles alternately changed; the magnetic sensor 1 converts the transformation of the space magnetic field into an electric signal, and the signal processing circuit 4 is connected with the magnetic sensor 1 and is used for amplifying the electric signal output by the magnetic sensor 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the magnetic pole generating element 2 includes a magnetic conductive disc, a winding, and an excitation power supply 3;
the magnetic conduction disc is connected with the detected object through a connecting shaft 5;
the windings are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side surface of the magnetic conduction disc, and any two adjacent windings are homodromous windings;
the exciting power supply 3 is used for providing exciting current for the winding, and the winding forms a magnetic field after being electrified with the exciting current, and the magnetic field has NS polarity.
In a specific implementation, the magneto-resistive element 1 may be a magneto-resistive element, and the position information of the detected object may be detected by using a characteristic that the resistance value of the magneto-resistive element changes with a change in the magnetic field.
In other embodiments, the magnetically sensitive element 1 may also use a hall element, and the position information of the detected object is detected by using the characteristic that the hall element generates a potential difference along with the change of the magnetic field.
Taking the hall element as an example of the magnetically sensitive element 1, the implementation principle of the excitation magnetic encoder proposed in this embodiment is described:
when the detected object moves, the magnetic conducting disc is driven to move through the connecting shaft 5, at the moment, the winding wound on the magnetic conducting disc synchronously moves, the generated NS magnetic pole moves to generate a periodically-changed space magnetic field, the space magnetic field acts on the Hall element to enable the interior of the Hall element to generate potential difference, and corresponding electric signals are output to reflect the position, the speed, the acceleration and other movement information of the detected object.
It will be appreciated that in use, the magnitude of the NS alternating magnetic field generated by the windings may also be adjusted by varying the magnitude of the excitation current provided by the excitation power supply 3, thereby improving the resolution and operational flexibility of the excitation encoder.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
as shown in fig. 3, the excitation magnetic encoder further includes a control circuit 6 disposed between the excitation power source and the windings for controlling the number of turns on of the windings to switch the resolution level of the excitation magnetic encoder.
In particular, the winding comprises m parallel minimum operating units, the minimum operating units comprising adjacentAnd a plurality of windings, wherein n is a magnetic encoder resolution level threshold.
The control circuit 6 includes S 1 、S 2 、.....S n A plurality of switches S 1 Is connected to 1 winding of each minimum working unit; switch S i One end of (a) is connected with switch S i-1 One end connected to the winding of each minimum operating unit and the other end connected to +.>Windings, a->。
When the resolution level of the magnetic encoder is j, the switch S is controlled 1 To S j All of which are conducted and are connected,。
for ease of understanding, the present invention provides an example of twelve windings, three-level precision adjustment, illustrating the principle of operation of the control circuit 6. As shown in fig. 4, twelve windings are wound on the magnetic conductive disc in the form of unidirectional windings, and when the exciting power supply supplies direct current to the magnetic conductive disc, NS magnetic poles are generated. Wherein every 4 adjacent windings are a minimum working unit, and twelve windings form 3 minimum working units.
The control circuit 6 includes S 1 、S 2 、S 3 Three switches, wherein switch S 1 Is connected to 1 winding of each minimum working unit; switch S 2 One end of (a) is connected with switch S 1 One end connected with the winding of each minimum working unit and the other end connected with each minimum working unitA plurality of windings; switch S 3 One end of (a) is connected with switch S 3 One end connected with 1 winding of each minimum working unit, and the other end is connected with +.>And a plurality of windings.
In use, when it is desired to control the magnetic encoder resolutionWhen the level is 1, the switch S is controlled 1 Conducting; at this time, the exciting power supply 3 passes through the switch S 1 Supplying power to the three windings to enable the three windings to be conducted, and enabling the three windings to be in a low-resolution gear;
when the resolution level of the magnetic encoder needs to be controlled to be 2, the switch S is controlled 1 、S 2 On, the exciting power supply 3 passes through the switch S 1 、S 2 Supplying power to the six windings to enable the six windings to be conducted, and enabling the six windings to be in a medium resolution range;
when the resolution level of the magnetic encoder needs to be controlled to be 3, the switch S is controlled 1 、S 2 、S 3 On, the exciting power supply 3 passes through the switch S 1 、S 2 、S 3 And supplying power to the twelve windings to conduct the twelve windings, so that the high-resolution gear is realized.
It can be seen that the number of pole pairs generated by the excitation current can be controlled by controlling the conduction of the windings by the control circuit 3, and the resolution of the magnetic encoder can be controlled.
When the exciting magnetic encoder is applied to a servo motor with a wide speed regulation range, when the rotating speed of the servo motor is low, the exciting magnetic encoder is adjusted to be a high-resolution gear so as to more accurately detect the position; and when the rotating speed of the servo motor is higher, the exciting magnetic encoder is switched to be in a low resolution range so as to be matched with a driver of the servo motor.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. The excitation magnetic encoder comprises a magnetic pole generating element, a magnetic sensitive element and a signal processing circuit, wherein the magnetic pole generating element moves along with a detected object to generate a space magnetic field with magnetic poles alternately changed; the magnetic sensitive element converts the transformation of the space magnetic field into an electric signal; the signal processing circuit is connected with the magnetic sensitive element, and is characterized in that: the magnetic pole generating element comprises a magnetic conduction disc, a winding and an excitation power supply;
the magnetic conduction disc is connected with the detected object through a connecting shaft;
the windings are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side surface of the magnetic conduction disc, and any two adjacent windings are homodromous windings;
the exciting power supply is used for providing exciting current for the winding, and the winding forms a magnetic field after being electrified with the exciting current.
2. An excitation type magnetic encoder according to claim 1, wherein: the control circuit is arranged between the excitation power supply and the winding and is used for controlling the conduction quantity of the winding so as to switch the resolution level of the excitation magnetic encoder.
3. An excitation type magnetic encoder according to claim 2, wherein: the winding comprises m parallel minimum working units, and the minimum working units comprise adjacent working unitsAnd a plurality of windings, wherein n is a magnetic encoder resolution level threshold.
4. A field magnetic encoder according to claim 3, characterized in that: the control circuit comprises S 1 、S 2 、.....S n A plurality of switches S 1 Is connected to 1 winding of each minimum working unit; switch S i One end of (a) is connected with switch S i-1 One end connected with the winding of each minimum working unit and the other end connected with each minimumWorking unitWindings, a->。
5. An excitation type magnetic encoder according to claim 4, wherein:
when the resolution level of the magnetic encoder is j, the switch S is controlled 1 To S j All of which are conducted and are connected,。
6. an excitation magnetic encoder according to any of claims 1-5, wherein: the magnetic sensitive element is a magneto-resistive element or a Hall element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311012233.9A CN117146869A (en) | 2023-08-11 | 2023-08-11 | Excitation type magnetic encoder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311012233.9A CN117146869A (en) | 2023-08-11 | 2023-08-11 | Excitation type magnetic encoder |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117146869A true CN117146869A (en) | 2023-12-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311012233.9A Pending CN117146869A (en) | 2023-08-11 | 2023-08-11 | Excitation type magnetic encoder |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117146869A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-11 CN CN202311012233.9A patent/CN117146869A/en active Pending
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