CN117120839A

CN117120839A - Method and device for analysing the composition of a fibrous material

Info

Publication number: CN117120839A
Application number: CN202280026249.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: P·塞沃纳; R·扎雷基; T·沃尔夫尔
Original assignee: Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Current assignee: Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Priority date: 2021-04-01
Filing date: 2022-03-01
Publication date: 2023-11-24
Also published as: EP4314809A1; CH718505A1; WO2022208180A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for analysing components of a fibrous material (2), wherein the components, in particular fibers (3), parts of fibers (3), trash, dust, plant residues and other dirt, are fed to an opening roller (5) integrated in a housing (6) by means of a feeding device and separated. At least some of the components leave the housing (6) through the outlet (10), enter the feed channel (11), leave the feed channel (11) again at the mouth (12), and are fed to the collecting surface (23) and deposited separately at the collecting surface. At least some of the components individually deposited on the collection surface (23) are optically detected and analyzed with respect to their type and properties. For this purpose, the optical analysis device (14) is associated with a collection surface (23).

Description

Method and device for analysing the composition of a fibrous material

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for analysing components of a fibrous substance, the components of the fibrous substance comprising fibers, fiber fractions, refuse, dust, plant residues and other dirt, and the components of the fibrous substance being fed into an opening roller integrated in a housing by means of a feed device and separated, and at least some components leaving the housing through an outlet, entering the feed channel and leaving the feed channel again at the mouth, the components leaving the feed channel then being fed onto a collecting surface and being deposited separately there, and to a device for analysing components of the fibrous substance, the device comprising an opening roller integrated in a housing, the housing having a feed opening to which a feed device for feeding the fibrous substance into the opening roller is assigned, the housing further having an outlet through which at least some components of the fibrous substance leave the housing, and the mouth of the feed channel through which at least some components leave the feed channel again, and the collecting surface of the feed channel arranged downstream of the mouth of the feed channel being deposited separately on the collecting surface.

Background

Natural fibers, such as cotton, may be contaminated with non-primary fibrous materials commonly referred to as waste. These impurities may be, for example, shells, seeds, branches, bark, leaves, earth or stones. In the prior art, the measurement of the non-fibrous components of a fiber sample is performed by separating the fibers in the fiber sample or fiber mass from the largest possible portion of the non-fibrous components in the fiber sample, and by weighing or otherwise quantifying the fibers and waste separated from the original fiber sample. The separator used leaves more or less fibres mixed with the separated waste, making it difficult to determine the total amount of waste in the original fibre sample.

Us patent 8,875,897B2 discloses a separating device with which an attempt is made to better separate waste from fibers. The fiber sample is applied to the surface of a separating cylinder, wherein the separating cylinder rotates in one rotational direction and has a cylinder surface with clothing. Fibers from the fiber sample and the separation tin Lin Jiege are held on the surface of the separation cylinder. Waste not held by the card clothing is removed from the fiber sample in a substantially downward direction. Dirt falling from the separator bowl is collected on the collection surface. The weight of the waste collected on the collection surface and the fiber still mixed with the waste can be measured with a balance. In one embodiment, the fibers on the collection surface are optically captured with a calibration module, and the estimated weight of the fibers is subtracted from the weight of the mixture of waste and fibers.

The disadvantage here is that only an estimated quantitative analysis of the waste fraction present in the usable fibrous material is obtained. It is not possible to perform a more accurate quantitative or even qualitative analysis of the components contained in the fibrous mass.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages known from the prior art and in particular to enable quantitative, in particular qualitative, analysis of the components of the fibrous material present.

This problem is solved by a method and an apparatus having the features of the independent claims.

A method for analyzing components of fibrous material is presented, wherein the components of fibrous material include fibers, fiber fractions, trash, dust, plant residues, and other contaminants. The components of the fibrous mass are fed and separated by means of a feed device for an opening roller integrated in the housing. The feed device has a feed channel which presses the fibrous material against the feed roll. By rotating the feed roll, the fibrous mass moves in the direction of the opening roll where it is detected by teeth or needles on the rotating opening roll and dissolves into the individual fibers and other components of the fibrous mass. At least some of the components leave the housing through the outlet, enter a feed channel arranged at the outlet, and then leave the feed channel again at the mouth of the feed channel.

The components leaving the feed channel are then fed to the collecting surface and deposited there individually. The components now spread out over the collection surface. At least some of the components deposited on the collection surface are optically detected and analyzed with respect to their type and nature. The components can be optically identified due to their separate, diffuse deposition on the collection surface. For example, it may be determined whether and how much component is present on or in some portion of the collection surface. The components are preferably spaced apart from each other or have only a slight overlap on the filter surface.

Thus, each individual optically identified component can be inspected and evaluated. In this case, the signal from the optical detection device, e.g. a camera or a scanner, is provided to an electronic data processing system, e.g. a computer. At the electronic data processing system, the components are detected, counted or measured, for example. As a result, information about the composition of the fibre mass under investigation can also be obtained. For example, the individual components are detected by comparing the components detected by the optical detection means with typical components of the fibrous material stored in a database. As a result, it can be determined whether the component is, for example, the whole fiber or only a part of the fiber, dust or plant residues, such as stems, leaves or parts of the shell.

Due to the preferably separate deposition of the components on the collecting surface, preferably separately from each other, and the optical identification of these individual components, the components of the initially introduced fibrous material can be determined very precisely. As a result, the raw material from which the fibrous material present is removed can be further processed in a targeted and high-quality manner. In this case, the technical information can be obtained in real time, which improves the adjustment of the machine settings of subsequent machines, such as a carding machine or combing machine. Information relating to the yarn to be produced can already be obtained at a very early stage. Information about the expected quality problems in the further processing has been obtained at the beginning of the processing.

It is also advantageous that the analysis of the type and properties of the fibres and parts of the fibres is performed with respect to the material, fibre length, neps, fibre curl, fibre fineness and/or mixing ratio of the different fibres in the fibre mass. As a result, the composition of the fibre mass under investigation can be determined very accurately. It is possible to determine which material, in particular in the case of synthetic fibers, is contained in the fibrous mass or the state of the contained material. This gives an indication of the optimal further treatment of the fibre in the further treatment procedure. For example, better sorting or mixing of different batches may be performed. It was also determined that the fibrous material present is more suitable for spinning on a rotor spinning machine or a ring spinning machine, or that the raw material of the fibrous material under investigation should be subjected to an additional cleaning step.

It is also advantageous to carry out an analysis of the components of the waste, dust, plant residues and/or other dirt in terms of type, size and/or quantity in the fibrous material. This also makes it possible to infer the quality of the raw material from which the fibrous material originates. From this analysis it can be seen whether the raw material is severely or less severely contaminated and what type of dirt it is. This again results in an understanding of whether and how the raw material must be cleaned in order to optimize the product for further processing.

It is also advantageous to separate and analyze the waste, dust, plant residues and/or other dirt at the opening roller at the dirt discharge opening in the housing. In this advantageous embodiment of the method, the aim is to separate as much dirt as possible from the actual fibrous material. If desired, dirt and individual fibers or fiber residues possibly contained therein can be studied in a targeted manner, while fibers deposited essentially on the aforementioned collecting surface can be optimally examined and analyzed there. Thus, a pre-sorting of the dirt and fibres occurs, which makes it easier to analyze the dirt and fibres and, if necessary, even more accurately. However, it is of course possible to determine how many fibers or which fibers are present when checking for dirt and vice versa, how many dirt particles and which dirt particles are present in this part of the fibrous mass when analyzing the fibers.

It is also advantageous if the fibre material is removed (preferably sucked) from the bale, in particular automatically, or as a fibre sliver, for example from the spinning channel, and fed at least partially into the opening roller. In order to remove the sample of raw material, a portion of the sliver deposited in the spinning channel is removed from the spinning channel and fed to the feeding device and the opening roller. The fibre sliver may be, for example, a fibre sliver produced on a carding machine. In another application of the invention, the fibre batting is sucked off from the bale, for example on a bale opener, and fed to a feeding device and an opening roller. This removal is carried out in particular with a suction device which sucks the fibrous material on the basis of the coanda effect. In this case, it is ensured that the fibers are not damaged and that the fiber material can thus be placed in an analytical device that corresponds exactly to the raw material.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that no negative pressure is applied to the mouth of the feed channel and that the components are thereby separated from the opening roller without pressure. Thus, suction from outside the feed channel does not act in the feed channel in a way that significantly contributes to the separation of fibers and other components from the opening roller. As a result, the components separate from the opening roller without pressure and then reach the feed channel. As a result, the components of the fibrous mass can then be deposited on the collecting surface without the fact that: they have been subjected to forces that alter the fibers or dirt, for example, due to mechanical influences at the edges or surfaces of the housing or feed channel.

It is also advantageous to move the collecting surface and to transport the components deposited thereon in the direction of the removal point and to process there. Whereby the composition of the fibrous material can be continuously analyzed. The components are placed on a moving collection surface while being removed from the deposition point. This creates space for the next component of fibrous material to reach the collecting surface. At the removal point, deposited components of fibrous material are removed from the collection surface. This may occur, for example, using a wiper or by stopping the suction to the collecting surface and thus releasing the component from the collecting surface.

It is particularly advantageous if the collecting surface has perforations through which the collecting surface sucks. The components of the fibrous mass are located on the surface of the collection surface. Suction is applied to the opposite surface of the collecting surface by means of a collecting surface, preferably a perforated grid ring or a perforated screen roller. Thus, the components are held on the filter surface, enabling reliable optical detection and analysis.

The device according to the invention for analysing a component of a fibrous substance has a rotatable opening roller integrated in the housing. The housing comprises a feed opening, which is assigned a feed device for feeding fibrous material into the opening roller. The housing also includes an outlet through which at least some of the components of the fibrous mass exit the housing. At the outlet a feed channel is arranged, into which at least some of the components enter and leave the feed channel again at the mouth of the feed channel. Near the mouth of the feed channel, a collecting surface is arranged on which the components leaving the feed channel are deposited individually. In order to be able to detect and evaluate components individually deposited on the collecting surface, an optical analysis device is assigned to the collecting surface. With an optical analysis device, at least some of the components deposited on the collection surface are optically detected and analyzed with respect to their type and properties.

The optical analysis device is able to identify not only individual fibers or dirt particles but also to evaluate them in terms of their quality. In this way, a device is created that can replace complex laboratory tests, since the analysis can be performed directly at the location where the raw materials intended for further processing can be located. Furthermore, it is thus possible to determine not only the quantitative proportion of the fibrous material present, but also to express the fibers or dirt particles (in particular refuse, dust, plant residues and other dirt), so that further treatment of the raw material can infer significantly more profound results than in the previous case.

It is also advantageous if a dirt outlet is provided in the housing for the opening roller between the feed opening and the outlet. This ensures the cleaning of the supplied fibrous material, e.g. template particles and other dirt particles. The analysis of the actual fibers and other components (e.g., trash, dust, plant residues and other dirt) can be performed separately from each other.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to assign a further optical analysis device to the dirt outlet. The further optical analysis device may analyze the components discharged there.

It is also advantageous if the optical analysis device comprises a camera and an evaluation device. The camera produces an image of the components deposited on the collection surface. These image signals are transmitted to an evaluation device, for example a computer, on which the image signals are evaluated. In this case, for example, the image signal is compared with the image stored therein, so that the deposited component can be identified. In this way, the deposited components can be counted and classified, from which the mass of fibrous material present and thus the mass of the raw material from which the introduced fibrous material is removed can be determined.

Advantageously, a suction device is assigned to the feed device in order to remove the fibrous material, in particular automatically, as a fibre wad, for example, from a fibre bale, or as a fibre sliver, for example, from a spinning channel, and to feed it at least partially into the opening roller. The suction device may be operated, for example, by means of the coanda effect. As a result, the fibrous mass is removed very gently from the spinning channel without the composition of the fibrous mass being changed. In particular, it avoids shredding existing fibres, which would give an incorrect indication of the stock of fibre portions in the fibre mass. In the case of an automatic operation of the suction device, the suction device can be moved automatically (for example guided on the spinning machine or provided with a separate drive) to the vicinity of the fibre mass to be analyzed or of the fibre bale or the spinning edge thereof and the fibre mass removed therefrom.

It is also advantageous if the collecting surface has a drive. The collection surface is preferably a mesh ring or screen roll with perforations. Substantially any length of collecting surface can be produced by means of a mesh loop or a screen roll. Thus, the components must have a sufficient chance to remain stationary. The components are held on the collecting surface by suction forces, which act through the perforated collecting surface. In comparison, the screen roller has the advantage that it requires less installation space. By means of this drive, the collecting surface is operated continuously, so that a very large number of components can be inspected in a short time. Of course, for example, it is also possible to use a fixed filter to which, for example, the component to be examined is supplied. After inspection, the filter is cleaned and available for further inspection.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a suction device with a suction channel having at least one suction opening is assigned to the collecting surface. The collection surface is disposed between the suction opening and the deposited component of the fibrous material. In the region of the suction opening, a negative pressure is generated on the collecting surface. Suction acts through the collection surface to hold the components on the collection surface.

Advantageously, the removal means are assigned to the collecting surface at a removal point for removing components from the collecting surface. For example, the removal device may be a wiper that discharges the components from the collection surface. However, the removal means may also be formed by the end of the suction opening, since no holding force acts on the components in the area where the suction force no longer acts on the collecting surface. By moving the collecting surface, the components fall off the collecting surface and are guided into a container, for example, which is arranged in the region of the collecting surface.

The method according to the invention and the corresponding device allow for a faster analysis with less cost and a much higher sample size, which reduces the confidence interval. In addition, rapid qualitative analysis of the components contained in the fibrous material can be performed.

Drawings

The method and apparatus are designed according to the foregoing description, wherein the features may be present alone or in any combination. Other advantages of the present invention are described in the following exemplary embodiments.

In the drawings:

figure 1 shows a side view of a device according to the invention,

figure 2 shows a side view of another device according to the invention,

fig. 3 shows a top view of the device according to fig. 2, and

fig. 4 shows a top view of a part of a spinning unit with a plurality of devices according to the invention.

Detailed Description

In the following description of alternative embodiments shown in the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same and/or at least comparable features in relation to the above-described embodiments in terms of their design and/or mode of operation. Unless these features are explained in detail again, their design and/or mode of operation corresponds to those of the features already described above. For clarity, not all of the same components may have been given the same reference numerals, but they have been drawn in the same manner.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of a device 1 according to the invention for analysing a component of a fibrous substance 2. The components of the fibrous mass 2 include fibers 3, fiber fractions and impurities 7, such as trash, dust, plant residues and other dirt. In order to be able to analyze the components, they must first be separated. For this purpose, the fibers 3 of the fibrous mass 2, for example so-called drawn or carded tapes or parts thereof, are fed by means of a rotating feed roll 4 to a faster rotating opening roll 5. The opening roller 5 is arranged in an opening roller housing 6. The feed roll 4 is located at the feed opening 9 of the opening roll housing 6. By rotating the feed roll 4 and the opening roll 5, the fibrous mass 2 is inserted into the region of the opening roll 5 and the fibers 3 of the fibrous mass 2 are separated by teeth or needles arranged on the circumference of the opening roll 5. The impurities 7 located in the fibrous mass 2 are discharged at a dirt discharge opening 8. The fibres 2 themselves remain adhered to the circumference of the rotating opening roller 5 and are accelerated.

After the fibres 3 have reached a certain speed, they are separated from the rotating opening roller 5 due to the centrifugal forces acting in the area of the outlet 10 of the opening roller housing 6. The fibers 3 enter the feed channel 11 and leave the feed channel 11 at the mouth 12 of the feed channel 11. Subsequently, the fibers 3 impinge on the collecting surface 23 of the screen roller 13. The screen roller 13 is sucked over a part of its circumference by means of a suction channel 21. The suction zone is a collecting surface 23, wherein the fibres 3 adhere to the surface of the suction screen roller 13 by means of the suction force of the suction channel 21.

In order to prevent the fibres 3 leaving the opening roller 5 in the region of the outlet 10 from being negatively affected by the suction of the screen roller 13 through the suction channel 21, the mouth 12 is designed such that it is not sucked. Therefore, the mouth 12 is not directly adjacent and is not subjected to the suction action through the suction passage 21. The fibers 3 located in the feed channel 11 are thus separated from the opening roller 5 without the action of negative pressure. The size and position of the mouth 12 are such that the negative pressure resting on the collecting surface 23 cannot be applied to the feed channel 11. This ensures that the fibres 3 can be separated substantially individually from the opening roller 5 and reach the collecting surface 23.

In order to reliably hold the fibers 3 on the perforated and thus air-permeable screen roller 13, suction channels 21 are provided in the screen roller 13, i.e. on the opposite side of the surface on which the fibers 3 are placed. The suction channel 21 is connected to a suction source (not shown). By means of the perforations, the screen roller 13 is designed to be air-permeable such that the suction channel 21 generates a negative pressure on the surface of the screen roller 13 according to the indicated arrows and thus adheres the fibers 3 to the surface of the screen roller 13.

The fibers 3 are separated, i.e. have as large a distance from each other as possible or as little overlap as possible on the screen roller 13 in the region of the suction channel 21. At the end of the suction channel 21, the fibers 2 leave the collecting surface 23 on the screen roller 13 at a removal point 22. There, the fibers 3, when conveyed together with the rotating screen roller 13 up to the end of the suction channel 21, are detached from the screen roller 13 and fall into the container 16 due to the lack of suction force of the suction channel 21.

The impurities 7 discharged at the dirt discharge opening 8 of the opening roller housing 6 fall onto the collecting surface 23' of the belt 31. In the present exemplary embodiment, the collection surface 23' is not aspirated. However, it is also possible to provide a suction device which sucks the strip 31 if it is perforated from below and thus holds the impurity 7 on the strip 31 in the region of the suction device. The impurities 7 remain on the collecting surface 23' and can be analyzed there. The collecting surface 23' is driven and conveys the impurity 7 in the direction of one of the two turning rolls 15. At the end of the transport, the impurity 7 falls into the container 16'.

The fibrous mass 2 is fed into the feed roll 4 by means of a suction device 18. The suction device 18 is arranged near the fibre mass 2 in the spinning channel 17 and sucks the fibre mass 2 out of the spinning channel 17. The fibrous mass 2 is guided through the suction tube 19 and brought into the region of the feed roller 4. In the present exemplary embodiment, the coanda nozzle 20 creates suction flow within the suction pipe 19 by blowing air into the coanda nozzle 20 and thereby creating suction flow within the suction pipe 19. The suction flow pulls the fibrous mass 2 out of the spinning channel 17 and conveys it up to the feed roller 4. After sufficient fibrous mass 2 has been removed, the fibrous mass 2 is separated and the suction device 18 can be used for further suction.

The suction device 18 can be arranged in a fixed manner on the device 1 and the fibre material 2 is brought into the region of the suction device 18, for example by arranging the spinning channel 17 below the suction device 18. However, the suction device may also be movable, which means that the suction device 18 is brought as required in the vicinity of the fibre mass 2 on the machine of the spinning apparatus and that an analysis of the fibre mass 2 is performed together with the device 1.

The components of the fibrous mass 2 are analyzed using an optical analysis device 14. In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1, the optical analysis device 14 comprises two cameras 28 and an electronic data processing system, such as a computer 29. The signal provided by the camera 28 is evaluated by a computer 29. Thus, the image captured by camera 28 is compared, for example, with images from a database. It is thus possible to determine which type of fibre 3 or impurity 7 is. Furthermore, the length of the fibres 3 resting on the collecting surface 23 or 23' can be determined so that it can be determined whether they are complete fibres 3 or only parts of fibres 3. Since the fibers 3 and the impurities 7 are individually separated on the collecting surface 23 or 23', the determined amounts of the fibers 3 and the impurities 7 can also be determined. From the information that the computer 29 can deduce from the image produced by the camera 28, conclusions can be drawn about the composition of the fibrous mass 2. Thereby, further processing of the fibrous mass 2 can in turn be carried out in a very targeted manner. This may, for example, be due to the fact that the fibrous mass 2 has to be subjected to a special cleaning, has to form a certain mixture with other fibrous materials, or it is only suitable for spinning on certain machines.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of another device 1 according to the invention. Instead of the screen roller 13 as in the previous exemplary embodiment, a perforated and air-permeable grid ring 13' with turning rollers 15 is provided here. Between the turning rolls 15 a suction channel 21 is provided which sucks the perforated grid ring 13' from below the collecting surface 23. The opening roller housing 6 is free of dirt discharge openings 8 so that both the fibres 3 and the impurities 7 are deposited on the collecting surface 23. The grid loop 13' is transported from the mouth 12 of the feed channel 11 in the direction of the removal point 22 by the driving of the turning roll 15. The delivery may be continuous. However, it is also possible to stop the grid loop 13' in order to be able to perform the analysis and to receive the fibers 3 and the impurities 7 on the stationary collecting surface 23. With further transport, the fibers 3 and the impurities 7 fall into the container 16 at the removal point 22 and can be treated there.

In this exemplary embodiment, after both the fibre 3 and the impurity 7 have fallen on the collecting surface 23, a single camera 28 for the optical analysis device 14 is sufficient to be able to detect all the components of the fibre mass 2 and to send corresponding data to the computer 29 for evaluation. In order to obtain a particularly good assessment and analysis of the composition of the fibrous mass 2, it is important that the fibers 3 and the impurities 7 are located as separately as possible on the collecting surface 23. Overlapping should be avoided as much as possible.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the device according to fig. 2. As shown in the sectional view, the opening roller 5 is provided in the opening roller housing 6. The opening roller 5 has a saw tooth line 25 extending helically around the circumference of the opening roller 5. The zigzag line 25 ensures that the fibers 3 are detected and accelerated in the region of the feed opening 9 (fig. 1 and 2). Once the fibre 3 has a speed that allows it to leave the opening roller 5 due to centrifugal forces, the fibre 3 reaches the feed channel 11. From there, the fibers are fed to the moving grid loop 13' and deposited. For reasons of clarity, only the perforations 24 of the grid ring 13' are shown.

A suction channel 21 with a suction opening 33 is arranged below the collecting surface 23 of the grid loop 13'. The fibres 3 and the impurities 7 resting on the mesh ring 13 'are held pneumatically by the negative pressure applied to the suction channel 21, which acts through the perforations 24 of the mesh ring 13'. At the end of the suction channel 21, the separation of the fibers 3 and the impurities 7 takes place in the conveying direction of the mesh ring 13'. They are eventually discharged into the container 16.

The camera 28 for the optical analysis device 14 is directed towards the upper side of the collecting surface 23 and can optically detect the fibers 3 and dirt 4 there. The corresponding signals or images are transmitted to a computer 29 where they are evaluated in order to be able to analyze the components contained in the present fibrous mass 2.

Fig. 4 shows a top view of a part of a spinning unit with a plurality of devices 1 according to the invention. In the spinning unit there is an bale opener 26 which removes fibre batts containing fibres 3 from the bale present and feeds them into a subsequent pre-cleaner 27. The fibre batts are then led into a mixer 30, where they are homogenized with respect to their composition. Finally, the fibre fleece reaches a carding machine 32, in which the fibres 3 are parallelized. In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 4, the analysis device 1 according to the invention is assigned to an bale opener 26. A further analysis device 1 is arranged in the region of the channel 17 for the carding machine 32. The individual data from the device 1 are combined in the computer 29 and can be used for analysing the components of the fibre mass 2 on the bale opener 26 and the carding machine 32 with respect to its composition. The findings thus obtained can be used for managing the spinning device. For example, fiber losses or further treatments which are not very effective for the special fiber mass 2 can be avoided.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and described. Modifications and combinations of features are possible within the scope of the claims even though they are shown and described in different embodiments.

List of reference numerals

1 device

2 fibre mass

3 fibers

4 feed roller

5 opening roller

6 opening roller shell

7 impurity (S)

8 dirt discharge outlet

9 feed inlet

10 outlet

11 feed channel

12 mouth parts

13' grid ring

13 screen roller

14 optical analysis device

15 steering roller

16 container

17 spinning channel

18 suction device

19 suction tube

20 coanda nozzle

21 suction channel

22 removal points

23 collecting surface

23' collecting surface

24 perforations

25 saw tooth line

26 bale opener

27 precleaner

28 camera

29 computer

30 mixer

31 belt

32 carding machine

33 suction opening

Claims

1. A method for analysing the composition of a fibrous substance (2),

wherein the components of the fibrous mass (2) comprise fibers (3), parts of fibers (3), trash, dust, plant residues and other dirt, and the components of the fibrous mass (2) are fed and separated by means of a feeding device of an opening roller (5) integrated in the housing (6), and at least some of the components leave the housing (6) through an outlet (10) into the feed channel (11) and leave the feed channel (11) again at a mouth (12),

and the components leaving the feed channel (11) are then fed to a collecting surface (23) and deposited on said collecting surface separately,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

at least some of the components individually deposited on the collection surface (23) are optically detected and analyzed with respect to their type and properties.

2. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the analysis of the type and properties of the fibers (3) and parts of the fibers is performed with respect to the material, fiber length, neps, fiber crimp, fiber fineness and/or mixing ratio of the different fibers (3) in the fibrous mass (2).

3. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the components of refuse, dust, plant residues and/or other dirt are analyzed in terms of type, size and/or quantity in the fibrous substance (2).

4. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that refuse, dust, plant residues and/or other dirt is discharged and analyzed at the opening roller (5) at a dirt discharge opening (8) of the housing (6).

5. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibrous substance (2) is removed as a fibre batt or as a fibre sliver, in particular automatically, preferably sucked, and at least partially fed to the opening roller (5).

6. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said collection surface (23) is moved and said components deposited thereon are conveyed in the direction of a removal point (22) and are treated at said removal point.

7. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said collecting surface (23) has perforations (24) through which said collecting surface is sucked.

8. A device for analysing the composition of a fibrous substance (2),

the device comprises an opening roller (5) integrated in a housing (6), wherein the housing (6) comprises a feed opening (9) which is assigned a feed device for feeding fibrous material (2) into the opening roller (5),

the housing (6) further comprises an outlet (10) through which at least some of the components of the fibrous mass (2) leave the housing (6), and a feed channel (11) arranged at the outlet (10) into which at least some of the components enter,

and the device comprises a mouth (12) for the feed channel (11) through which the components leave the feed channel (11),

and the device comprises a collecting surface (23) arranged downstream of the mouth (12) of the feed channel (11) and on which the components leaving the feed channel (11) are deposited separately,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

an optical analysis device (14) is assigned to the collecting surface (23), with which at least some of the components deposited on the collecting surface (23) are optically detected and analyzed with respect to their type and properties.

9. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that between the feed opening (9) and the outlet (10) a dirt outlet (8) is arranged in the housing (6) for the opening roller (5).

10. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further optical analysis device (14) is assigned to the dirt discharge opening (8).

11. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said optical analysis means (14) comprise a camera (28) and evaluation means.

12. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that suction means (18) are assigned to said feeding means in order to be able to remove said fibrous substance (2) as a fibre wadding or as a fibre sliver, in particular in an automated manner, and to feed said fibrous substance at least partially to said opening roller (5).

13. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said collecting surface (23), in particular a grid ring (13') with perforations (24) or a screen roller (13) with perforations (24), has a drive.

14. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said collecting surface is assigned a suction device having a suction channel (21) with at least one suction opening (33).

15. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a removal device is assigned to said collection surface (23) at a removal point (22) in order to remove said components from said collection surface (23).