CN117108191B - Drilling operation method for high-pressure water stratum - Google Patents
Drilling operation method for high-pressure water stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN117108191B CN117108191B CN202311173398.4A CN202311173398A CN117108191B CN 117108191 B CN117108191 B CN 117108191B CN 202311173398 A CN202311173398 A CN 202311173398A CN 117108191 B CN117108191 B CN 117108191B
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- water
- pipe
- drilling
- plugging
- waterproof
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling operation method for a high-pressure water stratum, which relates to the technical field of geological drilling operation and comprises the following steps: A. drilling in the shallow water-resisting layer by using a drilling tool with the diameter larger than that of a conventional drilling tool to form a drilling hole; B. a telescopic water-blocking sealing pipe is arranged in the drill hole, and a sealing device is arranged between the water-blocking sealing pipe and the wall of the drill hole; C. and (3) continuing drilling by adopting a conventional drilling tool to penetrate through the waterproof plugging pipe, overflowing underground water in the confined aquifer through the waterproof plugging pipe after the waterproof layer is drilled through, and adjusting the pipe orifice height of the waterproof plugging pipe according to the overflowed underground water. The invention has the advantages of easy operation, simplicity, reliability and low cost, can effectively reduce the water head difference between the drilling hole and the confined aquifer, and avoid the seepage instability damage of the soil body of the confined aquifer under the action of the flowing water pressure in the geological drilling process, so as to reduce the risk of soil body instability of the soil body of the wall of the drilling hole under the action of the flowing water pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological drilling operation, in particular to a drilling operation method for a high-pressure water stratum.
Background
Drilling sampling is an important in-situ investigation method in geotechnical engineering investigation, and is one of the most direct methods for distinguishing geotechnical engineering properties of ground strata. When the pressure-bearing water head below the water-resisting layer is higher than the elevation of the drilling hole, the pressure-bearing water below the water-resisting layer can flow out through the drilling hole after the drilling hole penetrates through the water-resisting layer, and under the condition that higher dynamic water pressure is locally formed near the drilling hole of the pressure-bearing water-bearing layer, the pressure-bearing water soil body is easy to generate piping or soil seepage damage, and the soil body generated by the piping or soil seepage damage after drilling and lifting is easy to enter the drilling hole, even the soil body flows out from the drilling hole, so that drilling difficulty is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drilling operation method for a high-bearing water stratum, which is easy to operate, simple and reliable, low in cost, capable of effectively reducing the water head difference between a drilling hole and a bearing water stratum, and avoiding seepage instability damage of a bearing water stratum soil body under the action of flowing water pressure in the geological drilling process so as to reduce the risk of soil body instability of a drilling hole wall soil body under the action of flowing water pressure.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the technical scheme adopted is as follows: a method of drilling operations in a highly pressurized water formation, comprising the steps of:
A. Drilling in the shallow water-resisting layer by using a drilling tool with the diameter larger than that of a conventional drilling tool to form a drilling hole;
B. A telescopic water-blocking sealing pipe is arranged in the drill hole, and a sealing device is arranged between the water-blocking sealing pipe and the wall of the drill hole;
C. and (3) continuing drilling by adopting a conventional drilling tool to penetrate through the waterproof plugging pipe, overflowing underground water in the confined aquifer through the waterproof plugging pipe after the waterproof layer is drilled through, and adjusting the pipe orifice height of the waterproof plugging pipe according to the overflowed underground water.
Further, the diameter of the drilling tool adopted in the step A is 30-40 mm larger than that of a conventional drilling tool.
Further, the blocking device in the step B is used for blocking the sac and the low-permeability blocking material.
Further, the low-permeability plugging material is cohesive soil.
Further, before the water-proof plugging pipe is installed, the distance between the bottom of the drilling hole and the water-proof layer is 0.5-0.8 m.
Further, the waterproof plugging pipe comprises a plurality of round pipes, the round pipes are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, and two adjacent round pipes are in sliding sealing fit, and the plugging device is arranged between the round pipe positioned at the outermost layer and the wall of the drilling hole.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the invention, the waterproof blocking pipe is arranged to be of a telescopic structure, and the blocking device is arranged between the waterproof blocking pipe and the wall of the borehole, so that the pipe orifice height of the waterproof blocking pipe can be adjusted according to the condition that the underground water in the confined aquifer overflows from the inside of the waterproof blocking pipe in the subsequent drilling process by a conventional drill bit, the dynamic water pressure generated by the height difference between the pipe orifice height of the waterproof blocking pipe and the free water head of the confined aquifer is smaller than the effective gravity of the soil in the aquifer, and the phenomenon that the soil in the confined aquifer is flung or unstable due to the dynamic water pressure generated by releasing the confined water in the geological drilling process can be effectively avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the method for reducing the free water head of the confined aquifer by adopting large-area water pumping and draining construction ensures normal construction of geological drilling, is easy to operate, simple and reliable, has low cost, and does not influence the hydrogeological environment in the peripheral range of construction.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic construction diagram of a high pressure water formation provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
The reference numerals and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1. the hydraulic system comprises a confined aquifer water head 2, a conventional drilling tool 3, a water-proof plugging pipe 4, a low-permeability plugging material 5 and a plugging sac.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the substances, and not restrictive of the invention. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without collision. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
When engineering geological drilling is carried out in a site with a confined aquifer in a shallow layer, the confined aquifer is below a surface layer water-resisting layer. In the prior art, the conventional method at present adopts large-area water pumping and draining construction to reduce the free water head of a confined aquifer so as to ensure the normal construction of geological drilling, and the method not only costs a great deal of manpower and material resources, but also affects the hydrogeological environment in the peripheral range of construction.
In order to prevent the pressurized water from spraying out when drilling through the shallow water-resisting layer and entering the pressurized water-bearing layer, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a drilling operation method for a high pressurized water stratum, which specifically comprises the following steps:
A. Drilling in the shallow water-resisting layer by adopting a drilling tool with the diameter larger than that of the conventional drilling tool 2, so that a drilling hole is formed in the shallow water-resisting layer, at the moment, the bottom of the drilling hole is still positioned in the shallow water-resisting layer, the drilling hole does not reach the confined water-resisting layer, and the specific depth of the drilling hole needs to ensure that the thickness between the bottom of the drilling hole and the ground of the water-resisting layer is enough to resist hydrostatic pressure in the confined water-resisting layer;
B. After the drilling is completed, a telescopic water-proof plugging pipe 3 is arranged in the drilling, and the pipe orifice height of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 can be adjusted by stretching the water-proof plugging pipe 3; meanwhile, the central axis of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 and the central axis of the drilling hole are on the same straight line, a certain distance is reserved between the outer wall of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 and the wall of the drilling hole, after the water-proof plugging pipe 3 is installed in the drilling hole, a plugging device is installed between the water-proof plugging pipe 3 and the wall of the drilling hole, and a gap between the outer wall of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 and the wall of the drilling hole is plugged, so that groundwater at the bottom of a subsequent drilling hole cannot leak upwards through the gap between the outer wall of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 and the wall of the drilling hole, but only can leak upwards through the water-proof plugging pipe 3;
C. After the waterproof blocking pipe 3 is installed, the conventional drilling tool 2 is adopted to penetrate through the waterproof blocking pipe 3 to continuously drill downwards, after the waterproof layer is drilled through, underground water in the confined aquifer overflows through the waterproof blocking pipe 3, and at the moment, the water moving pressure generated by the height difference between the height of the pipe orifice of the waterproof blocking pipe 3 and the free water head of the confined aquifer is smaller than the effective weight of soil in the aquifer by adjusting the height of the pipe orifice of the waterproof blocking pipe 3. Specifically, when the underground water overflowed through the pipe orifice of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 is found to carry the soil body of the confined aquifer through observation, the water-proof plugging pipe 3 is stretched, the height of the pipe orifice of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 is increased, and the water-moving pressure of the overflowed water is reduced by the height difference between the pipe orifice of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 and the confined aquifer; when the observation shows that the groundwater overflowed from the orifice of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 does not carry the confined aquifer soil body, the unpressurized aquifer soil body is destroyed, and at the moment, the conventional drill bit can continue normal drilling.
In the invention, in order to ensure that the conventional drilling tool 2 can still penetrate through the water-proof plugging pipe 3 to drill after the water-proof plugging pipe 3 is installed, the diameter of the drilling tool adopted in the step A is 30-40 mm larger than that of the conventional drilling tool 2, so that the diameter of the drilled hole obtained after drilling of the drilling tool is 30-40 mm larger than that of the conventional drilling tool 2, and the subsequent installation of the water-proof plugging pipe 3 is facilitated; meanwhile, when the water-blocking pipes such as water blocking are selected, the inner diameter of the water-blocking pipe 3 is required to be ensured to be larger than the diameter of the conventional drilling tool 2, and the conventional drilling tool 2 can normally penetrate through the water-blocking pipe 3 to drill after the water-blocking pipe 3 is installed.
In the invention, the plugging device in the step B is a plugging bag 5 and a low-permeability plugging material 4, specifically, when the plugging device is installed, the plugging bag 5 is firstly adopted to plug the gap between the outer wall of the waterproof plugging tube 3 and the wall of the drilled hole, after the plugging bag 5 is installed, the low-permeability plugging material 4 is adopted to continuously plug the gap between the outer wall of the waterproof plugging tube 3 and the wall of the drilled hole, and the low-permeability plugging material 4 is positioned above the plugging bag 5, namely, the low-permeability plugging material 4 is adopted to plug the opening of the drilled hole, so that the plugging bag 5 can be protected, and the plugging effect is better.
The low-permeability blocking material 4 is clay, and of course, other sealing materials can be used for the low-permeability blocking material 4.
In the invention, the distance between the bottom of the drilling hole and the water-resisting layer is 0.5-0.8 m before the water-resisting plugging pipe 3 is installed, and the distance between the bottom of the drilling hole and the water-resisting layer is determined after rechecking stability according to the estimated pressure-bearing water head and the property of the rock-soil body of the water-resisting layer.
In the invention, the waterproof plugging pipe 3 comprises a plurality of round pipes which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, and the two adjacent round pipes are in sliding sealing fit, at the moment, the plugging device is arranged between the round pipe positioned at the outermost layer and the wall of the drilling hole, and the inner diameter of the round pipe positioned at the innermost layer in the waterproof plugging pipe 3 is required to be larger than the diameter of a conventional drill bit, so that the waterproof plugging pipe 3 is ensured to stretch and retract, and the follow-up normal drilling of the conventional drill bit is ensured.
According to the invention, the height of the overflow port of the confined aquifer is increased by adjusting the height of the pipe orifice of the water-proof plugging pipe 3, so that the purpose of reducing the hydraulic gradient between the overflow port and the confined aquifer is achieved, and the influence on normal construction caused by larger water pressure generated by water drainage is effectively reduced; the invention can also be applied to other minimally invasive construction in the underground confined aquifer, and can effectively avoid the phenomenon of piping or earth flow of the soil body of the confined aquifer caused by excessive dynamic water pressure.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment/manner," "some embodiments/manner," "example," "a particular example," "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/manner or example is included in at least one embodiment/manner or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment/manner or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/modes or examples described in this specification and the features of the various embodiments/modes or examples can be combined and combined by persons skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other variations or modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure, and such variations or modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method of drilling operations in a highly pressurized water formation, comprising the steps of:
A. Drilling in the shallow water-resisting layer by adopting a drilling tool with the diameter larger than that of the conventional drilling tool (2) to form a drilling hole;
B. A telescopic waterproof plugging pipe (3) is arranged in a drilled hole, the waterproof plugging pipe (3) comprises a plurality of round pipes, the round pipes are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, two adjacent round pipes are in sliding sealing fit, and a plugging device is arranged between the round pipe positioned at the outermost layer and the wall of the drilled hole;
C. Continuing drilling by adopting a conventional drilling tool (2) to penetrate through the waterproof plugging pipe (3), overflowing underground water in the confined aquifer through the waterproof plugging pipe (3) after the waterproof layer is drilled through, and adjusting the pipe opening height of the waterproof plugging pipe (3) according to whether the overflowed underground water carries the soil body of the confined aquifer or not, so that the dynamic water pressure generated by the height difference between the pipe opening height of the waterproof plugging pipe (3) and the free water head of the confined aquifer is smaller than the effective gravity of the soil body in the aquifer; when the underground water overflowed through the pipe orifice of the water-blocking pipe (3) carries the confined aquifer soil body, the water-blocking pipe (3) stretches, so that the height of the pipe orifice of the water-blocking pipe (3) is increased, and the dynamic water pressure of the overflowed water is reduced through the height difference between the pipe orifice of the water-blocking pipe (3) and the confined aquifer; when the underground water overflowed through the pipe orifice of the water-blocking pipe (3) is found to not carry the confined aquifer soil body, the confined aquifer soil body is not damaged, and the conventional drill bit continues to drill normally.
2. A method of drilling operations in a highly pressurized water formation according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the drilling tool used in step a is 30-40 mm larger than the diameter of a conventional drilling tool (2).
3. A method of drilling operations in a highly pressurized water formation according to claim 1, wherein the plugging means in step B are a plugging bladder (5) and a low permeability plugging material (4).
4. A drilling operation method for use in high pressure water formations according to claim 3, characterised in that the low permeability blocking material (4) is clay.
5. The method of drilling operations in highly pressurized water formations according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the spacing between the bottom of the borehole and the bottom of the water barrier is 0.5-0.8 m before installation of the water barrier pipe (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311173398.4A CN117108191B (en) | 2023-09-12 | 2023-09-12 | Drilling operation method for high-pressure water stratum |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311173398.4A CN117108191B (en) | 2023-09-12 | 2023-09-12 | Drilling operation method for high-pressure water stratum |
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| CN117108191A CN117108191A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
| CN117108191B true CN117108191B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN117108191A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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