CN117103791A - 一种环保型高分子硅芯管及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种环保型高分子硅芯管及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117103791A CN117103791A CN202311082570.5A CN202311082570A CN117103791A CN 117103791 A CN117103791 A CN 117103791A CN 202311082570 A CN202311082570 A CN 202311082570A CN 117103791 A CN117103791 A CN 117103791A
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- silicon core
- parts
- raw materials
- environment
- basalt fiber
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Mg] Chemical class [AlH3].[Mg] GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;magnesium;carbonate;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 29
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
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- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- UUYKGYZJARXSGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;ethoxy(trihydroxy)silane Chemical compound CCO.CCO[Si](O)(O)O UUYKGYZJARXSGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及硅芯管技术领域,提出了一种环保型高分子硅芯管及其制备方法,硅芯管包括硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层;硅芯层的原料包括以下组分:高密度聚乙烯、乙烯‑丙烯酸酯‑马来酸酐三元共聚物、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维、硅烷偶联剂、润滑剂、抗氧化剂;硅芯外管的原料包括以下组分:高密度聚乙烯、茂金属聚乙烯、聚烯烃弹性体、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维、润滑剂、抗氧化剂。本发明高分子硅芯管力学性能优良,硅芯层内壁光滑度高,同时硅芯层阻燃性好,环保性能高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及硅芯管技术领域,具体涉及一种环保型高分子硅芯管及其制备方法。
背景技术
硅芯管是用硅胶塑料同步挤压进高密度聚乙烯管而形成一种内部带有固体润滑层的管材。由于固体润滑层可以降低光、电缆在管道内反复抽取的摩擦阻力,因此,这种管材常用来做光缆或电缆的保护管道。硅芯管可以避免因挤压、冲撞、地动等引起的对线缆的机械破坏,保护缆线免受土壤中的酸、碱、盐及化学品有害物质的侵蚀,有效防止田鼠、白蚁等生物啮食、啃咬。
硅芯管产品对内部硅芯层有一定的要求,例如摩擦系数小、机械强度高、耐腐蚀、绝缘性能好等,同时目前的硅芯管也越来越注重其环保性能。申请号为202111503595.9的国内专利公开了一种低摩擦系数的硅芯管及其制备方法,该硅芯管包括同步挤压复合的硅芯层和外保护层,硅芯层包括以下重量份的原料:载体树脂20-30份、改性硅酮树脂45-55份、油酸酰胺5-10份、润滑剂1-2份、阻燃剂FR-302C 2-5份、相容剂1-3份。该发明制备得到了低摩擦系数的硅芯管,且环保性较高,但是其硅芯层使用了大量的硅酮树脂作为减摩材料,虽然整体性能较为理想,但是价格偏高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种环保型高分子硅芯管及其制备方法,该高分子硅芯管力学性能优良,硅芯层内壁光滑度高,同时硅芯层阻燃性好,环保性能高。
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,所述硅芯管包括硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层;
所述硅芯层的原料包括以下组分:高密度聚乙烯、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维、硅烷偶联剂、润滑剂、抗氧化剂;
所述硅芯外管的原料包括以下组分:高密度聚乙烯、茂金属聚乙烯、聚烯烃弹性体、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维、润滑剂、抗氧化剂。
优选的,所述硅芯层的原料包括以下重量份的组分:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物5-10份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉23-29份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维1.5-2.3份、硅烷偶联剂1-1.5份、润滑剂0.1-0.25份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.3份。
优选的,所述硅芯外管的原料包括以下重量份的组分:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯5-10份、聚烯烃弹性体3-6份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维3-5.5份、润滑剂0.15-0.3份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.3份。
优选的,所述有机改性镁铝水滑石粉的制备方法包括以下步骤:向水中加入聚乙二醇,混合均匀后,在氮气气氛保护下,加入甲苯二异氰酸酯和镁铝水滑石粉,然后加热至60-65℃并恒温搅拌4-5h,再缓慢加入盐酸溶液,加入完毕后继续恒温搅拌2-3h,之后冷却至室温,经过滤、乙醇洗涤、真空干燥,经研磨制备得到有机改性镁铝水滑石粉。
优选的,有机改性镁铝水滑石粉的制备方法中,所述水、聚乙二醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯、镁铝水滑石粉、盐酸的体积质量比为100L:(5-15)kg:(0.2-0.35)kg:(5-10)kg:(0.3-0.6)L。
优选的,所述镁铝水滑石粉中镁与铝的摩尔比为(0.7-1):1,其粒径D50为0.3-0.8μm;所述聚乙二醇的数均分子量为800-1500;所述盐酸的质量分数为10%-20%。
优选的,所述二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:将乙醇和水进行混合,得乙醇/水混合液;向所述乙醇/水混合液中加入玄武岩纤维,同时进行机械搅拌和超声分散,然后同时滴加氨水和正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,滴加完毕后,继续机械搅拌5-7h,再进行过滤、洗涤、真空干燥,即得二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。
优选的,所述乙醇/水混合液中,乙醇和水的体积比为1:(0.15-0.2);所述氨水的质量分数为25%-28%;正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液中,正硅酸乙酯的质量分数为25%-30%;所述玄武岩纤维的长度为500-800μm,直径为9-13μm;
所述乙醇/水混合液与玄武岩纤维、氨水、正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液的体积质量比为10L:(0.2-0.4)kg:(0.15-0.2)L:(0.7-1.2)L。
优选的,所述硅烷偶联剂为KH550、KH560中的至少一种;所述润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸钙中的至少一种;所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168中的至少一种。
作为一个总的发明构思,本发明还提供了一种环保型高分子硅芯管的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取硅芯层的各原料,将原料混合均匀后加入至螺杆挤出机中混合熔融;称取硅芯外管的各原料,将原料混合均匀后加入至螺杆挤出机中混合熔融;
(2)通过上述两台螺杆挤出机同步挤压复合,再经过真空定型、冷却,制备得到环保型高分子硅芯管。
本发明的技术效果是:
1、本发明在制备硅芯管的硅芯层时,掺入大量的有机改性镁铝水滑石粉,该有机改性镁铝水滑石粉上接枝有机链段,一方面增强了镁铝水滑石粉的分散性能,使其高效分散于树脂基体中,另一方面在制备硅芯层时,使镁铝水滑石粉与树脂基体之间的相容性增强。
本发明在硅芯层中加入适宜量的有机改性镁铝水滑石粉,使硅芯层的均匀度高,内壁摩擦系数小,并能提升硅芯层的强度、刚度以及尺寸稳定性等,且该有机改性镁铝水滑石粉具有较高的阻燃性能,从而使硅芯层的阻燃性能好。
2、本发明中的二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维,玄武岩纤维表面包覆有具有一定粗糙度的二氧化硅,整体强度高,而在硅芯外管、硅芯层中均加入适量的二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维,可使玄武岩纤维稳定镶嵌于树脂中,可使硅芯管的强度明显提升,不易断裂,且不易开裂,并能提升硅芯管的耐腐蚀性能。
3、本发明中的硅芯外管采用高密度聚乙烯、茂金属聚乙烯、聚烯烃弹性体作为树脂基体,硅芯层采用高密度聚乙烯、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物作为树脂基体,可使共挤出得到的硅芯外管和硅芯层之间结合力强,在受到较大外力时,也不会分层,结构稳定性强度。且硅芯外管和硅芯层的树脂配置,可增强树脂基体与其它材料之间的结合力,从而利于硅芯管整体保持较高的机械强度。
4、本发明硅芯管整体具有优良的力学性能,且硅芯层内壁光滑度高,同时硅芯层阻燃性好,即使燃烧也可有效减少盐雾和有毒气体的产生,具有较高的环保性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都涉及本发明保护的范围。
本发明下述实施例中,高密度聚乙烯的生产厂家为埃克森美孚,牌号为AA45-004;茂金属聚乙烯的生产厂家为陶氏,牌号为5220G;聚烯烃弹性体POE的生产厂家为埃克森美孚,牌号为6102FL;乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物的生产厂家为法国阿科玛,牌号为3410。
实施例1:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,由硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层组成。
硅芯层的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物7份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉29份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维2.1份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 1.5份、聚乙烯蜡0.1份、抗氧化剂1010 0.22份。
硅芯外管的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯5份、聚烯烃弹性体6份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维4.5份、聚乙烯蜡0.24份、抗氧化剂1010 0.3份。
有机改性镁铝水滑石粉的制备方法如下:向100L水中加入9kg聚乙二醇,混合均匀后,在氮气气氛保护下,加入0.3kg甲苯二异氰酸酯和8kg镁铝水滑石粉,然后加热至65℃并恒温搅拌5h,再缓慢加入0.6L质量分数为10%的盐酸溶液,加入完毕后继续恒温搅拌2h,之后冷却至室温,经过滤、乙醇洗涤、真空干燥,经研磨制备得到有机改性镁铝水滑石粉。其中,镁铝水滑石粉中镁与铝的摩尔比为1:1,其粒径D50为0.6μm;聚乙二醇的数均分子量为1000。
二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维的制备方法如下:将体积比为1:0.2的乙醇和水进行混合,得乙醇/水混合液;向10L乙醇/水混合液中加入0.35kg玄武岩纤维,同时进行机械搅拌和超声分散,然后同时滴加0.2L氨水和1.2L正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,滴加完毕后,继续机械搅拌6h,再进行过滤、洗涤(依次采用水和乙醇进行洗涤)、真空干燥,即得二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。其中,氨水的质量分数为25%;正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液中,正硅酸乙酯的质量分数为28%;所用玄武岩纤维的长度为800μm,直径为12μm。
实施例2:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,由硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层组成。
硅芯层的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物10份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉27份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维1.5份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 1份、硬脂酸钙0.25份、抗氧化剂168 0.1份。
硅芯外管的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯8份、聚烯烃弹性体4份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维3份、硬脂酸钙0.15份、抗氧化剂168 0.18份。
有机改性镁铝水滑石粉的制备方法如下:向100L水中加入15kg聚乙二醇,混合均匀后,在氮气气氛保护下,加入0.35kg甲苯二异氰酸酯和10kg镁铝水滑石粉,然后加热至63℃并恒温搅拌5h,再缓慢加入0.5L质量分数为20%的盐酸溶液,加入完毕后继续恒温搅拌3h,之后冷却至室温,经过滤、乙醇洗涤、真空干燥,经研磨制备得到有机改性镁铝水滑石粉。其中,镁铝水滑石粉中镁与铝的摩尔比为0.7:1,其粒径D50为0.3μm;聚乙二醇的数均分子量为800。
二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维的制备方法如下:将体积比为1:0.15的乙醇和水进行混合,得乙醇/水混合液;向10L乙醇/水混合液中加入0.2kg玄武岩纤维,同时进行机械搅拌和超声分散,然后同时滴加0.15L氨水和0.7L正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,滴加完毕后,继续机械搅拌5h,再进行过滤、洗涤、真空干燥,即得二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。其中,氨水的质量分数为28%;正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液中,正硅酸乙酯的质量分数为30%;所用玄武岩纤维的长度为500μm,直径为9μm。
实施例3:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,由硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层组成。
硅芯层的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物5份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉23份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维2.3份、硅烷偶联剂KH560 1.2份、聚乙烯蜡0.2份、抗氧化剂168 0.3份。
硅芯外管的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯10份、聚烯烃弹性体3份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维5.5份、聚乙烯蜡0.3份、抗氧化剂168 0.1份。
有机改性镁铝水滑石粉的制备方法如下:向100L水中加入5kg聚乙二醇,混合均匀后,在氮气气氛保护下,加入0.2kg甲苯二异氰酸酯和5kg镁铝水滑石粉,然后加热至60℃并恒温搅拌4h,再缓慢加入0.3L质量分数为15%的盐酸溶液,加入完毕后继续恒温搅拌3h,之后冷却至室温,经过滤、乙醇洗涤、真空干燥,经研磨制备得到有机改性镁铝水滑石粉。其中,镁铝水滑石粉中镁与铝的摩尔比为0.8:1,其粒径D50为0.8μm;聚乙二醇的数均分子量为1500。
二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维的制备方法如下:将体积比为1:0.17的乙醇和水进行混合,得乙醇/水混合液;向10L乙醇/水混合液中加入0.4kg玄武岩纤维,同时进行机械搅拌和超声分散,然后同时滴加0.18L氨水和1L正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,滴加完毕后,继续机械搅拌7h,再进行过滤、洗涤、真空干燥,即得二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。其中,氨水的质量分数为28%;正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液中,正硅酸乙酯的质量分数为25%;所用玄武岩纤维的长度为700μm,直径为13μm。
实施例4:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,由硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层组成。
硅芯层的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物9份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉24份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维2.1份、硅烷偶联剂KH560 1份、硬脂酸钙0.2份、抗氧化剂168 0.1份。
硅芯外管的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯6份、聚烯烃弹性体6份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维3.5份、硬脂酸钙0.15份、抗氧化剂168 0.27份。
其中有机改性镁铝水滑石粉同实施例1中的有机改性镁铝水滑石粉,二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维同实施例3中的二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。
实施例5:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,由硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层组成。
硅芯层的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物6份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉25份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维1.9份、硅烷偶联剂KH550 1份、聚乙烯蜡0.18份、抗氧化剂1010 0.15份。
硅芯外管的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯10份、聚烯烃弹性体3份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维5份、聚乙烯蜡0.2份、抗氧化剂1010 0.2份。
其中有机改性镁铝水滑石粉同实施例2中的有机改性镁铝水滑石粉,二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维同实施例3中的二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。
实施例6:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,由硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层组成。
硅芯层的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物7份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉29份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维1.6份、硅烷偶联剂KH560 1份、硬脂酸钙0.15份、抗氧化剂168 0.2份。
硅芯外管的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯7份、聚烯烃弹性体5份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维4.5份、硬脂酸钙0.25份、抗氧化剂168 0.3份。
其中有机改性镁铝水滑石粉同实施例1中的有机改性镁铝水滑石粉,二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维同实施例2中的二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。
实施例7:
一种环保型高分子硅芯管,由硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层组成。
硅芯层的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物7份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉25份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维2份、硅烷偶联剂KH560 1.5份、聚乙烯蜡0.16份、抗氧化剂1010 0.25份。
硅芯外管的原料:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯5份、聚烯烃弹性体5份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维4.2份、聚乙烯蜡0.2份、抗氧化剂1010 0.2份。
其中有机改性镁铝水滑石粉同实施例3中的有机改性镁铝水滑石粉,二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维同实施例1中的二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。
对比例1:
与实施例7不同的是,将有机改性镁铝水滑石粉替换为镁铝水滑石粉。
对比例2:
与实施例7不同的是,将二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维替换为玄武岩纤维。
对比例3:
与实施例7不同的是,硅芯层的原料为:高密度聚乙烯107份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉29份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维1.6份、硅烷偶联剂KH560 1份、硬脂酸钙0.15份、抗氧化剂168 0.2份。
硅芯外管的原料为:高密度聚乙烯112份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维4.5份、硬脂酸钙0.25份、抗氧化剂168 0.3份。
本发明上述实施例1-7和对比例1-3中的高分子硅芯管的制备方法,均包括以下步骤:
(1)称取硅芯层的各原料,将原料混合均匀后加入至螺杆挤出机中混合熔融;称取硅芯外管的各原料,将原料混合均匀后加入至螺杆挤出机中混合熔融;
(2)通过上述两台螺杆挤出机同步挤压复合,再经过真空定型、冷却,制备得到环保型高分子硅芯管。
其中硅芯管外管采用SJ-90单螺杆挤出机进行挤出;硅芯层采用SJ-45单螺杆挤进行挤出。本发明实施例和对比例中均生产40/33mm规格的硅芯管。硅芯管具体挤出工艺参数如表1所示:
表1硅芯管具体挤出工艺参数
性能测试:
按照标准JT/T 496-2018《公路地下通信管道高密度聚乙烯硅芯塑料管》进行性能测试,其中内壁摩擦系数采用平板法测定。具体测试结果如表2所示。
表2硅芯管的性能测试结果
由表2可知,本发明制备得到的高分子硅芯管其力学性能整体优良,具有很好的应用前景。而由实施例7和对比例1-3对比可知,本发明对镁铝水滑石粉有机改性、对玄武岩纤维包覆二氧化硅以及采用适合的高分子聚合物进行复配,对于提升硅芯管的力学性能均十分重要,且对镁铝水滑石粉改性,可很好的改善有硅芯管内壁的光滑度。
另外,实施例1-7中的硅芯管均达到结构尺寸标准(外径40±0.3mm,壁厚3.5±0.2mm,椭圆度≤5%),内外壁均匀光滑;在耐化学介质腐蚀测试(将硅芯管试样置于5%NaCl,5%H2SO4,10%NaOH溶液中浸泡24h)中,硅芯管试样均无明显腐蚀现象;在耐水压密封性能测试(20℃、50kPa条件下保特24h)中,硅芯管试样均无泄漏;在低温坠落实验(在-30℃从高度1m自由落体)中,硅芯管试样均无开裂;在扁平实验(垂直方向加压至外径的40%时,立即卸荷)中,硅芯管试样不破裂、不分层。
进一步的,为测试硅芯管硅芯层的阻燃性,将硅芯层的各原料混合均匀后加入至螺杆挤出机中混合熔融,并挤出成型得硅芯层材料,然后按照GB/T2406-2009《塑料用氧指数法测定燃烧行为》对材料的极限氧指数进行测试,具体测试结果如表3所示。
表3硅芯层材料的极限氧指数
由表3可知,本发明硅芯层材料的阻燃性能优良,由实施例7和对比例1对比可知,对对镁铝水滑石粉进行有机改性还可提升硅芯层的阻燃性能。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述硅芯管包括硅芯外管和位于硅芯外管中的硅芯层;
所述硅芯层的原料包括以下组分:高密度聚乙烯、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维、硅烷偶联剂、润滑剂、抗氧化剂;
所述硅芯外管的原料包括以下组分:高密度聚乙烯、茂金属聚乙烯、聚烯烃弹性体、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维、润滑剂、抗氧化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述硅芯层的原料包括以下重量份的组分:高密度聚乙烯100份、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐三元共聚物5-10份、有机改性镁铝水滑石粉23-29份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维1.5-2.3份、硅烷偶联剂1-1.5份、润滑剂0.1-0.25份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述硅芯外管的原料包括以下重量份的组分:高密度聚乙烯100份、茂金属聚乙烯5-10份、聚烯烃弹性体3-6份、二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维3-5.5份、润滑剂0.15-0.3份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.3份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述有机改性镁铝水滑石粉的制备方法包括以下步骤:向水中加入聚乙二醇,混合均匀后,在氮气气氛保护下,加入甲苯二异氰酸酯和镁铝水滑石粉,然后加热至60-65℃并恒温搅拌4-5h,再缓慢加入盐酸溶液,加入完毕后继续恒温搅拌2-3h,之后冷却至室温,经过滤、乙醇洗涤、真空干燥,经研磨制备得到有机改性镁铝水滑石粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,有机改性镁铝水滑石粉的制备方法中,所述水、聚乙二醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯、镁铝水滑石粉、盐酸的体积质量比为100L:(5-15)kg:(0.2-0.35)kg:(5-10)kg:(0.3-0.6)L。
6.根据权利要求4所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述镁铝水滑石粉中镁与铝的摩尔比为(0.7-1):1,其粒径D50为0.3-0.8μm;所述聚乙二醇的数均分子量为800-1500;所述盐酸的质量分数为10%-20%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:将乙醇和水进行混合,得乙醇/水混合液;向所述乙醇/水混合液中加入玄武岩纤维,同时进行机械搅拌和超声分散,然后同时滴加氨水和正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,滴加完毕后,继续机械搅拌5-7h,再进行过滤、洗涤、真空干燥,即得二氧化硅包覆玄武岩纤维。
8.根据权利要求7所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述乙醇/水混合液中,乙醇和水的体积比为1:(0.15-0.2);所述氨水的质量分数为25%-28%;正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液中,正硅酸乙酯的质量分数为25%-30%;所述玄武岩纤维的长度为500-800μm,直径为9-13μm;
所述乙醇/水混合液与玄武岩纤维、氨水、正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液的体积质量比为10L:(0.2-0.4)kg:(0.15-0.2)L:(0.7-1.2)L。
9.根据权利要求1所述的环保型高分子硅芯管,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为KH550、KH560中的至少一种;所述润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸钙中的至少一种;所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的环保型高分子硅芯管的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取硅芯层的各原料,将原料混合均匀后加入至螺杆挤出机中混合熔融;称取硅芯外管的各原料,将原料混合均匀后加入至螺杆挤出机中混合熔融;
(2)通过上述两台螺杆挤出机同步挤压复合,再经过真空定型、冷却,制备得到环保型高分子硅芯管。
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