CN117102542A - Deep hole machining device, deep hole machining method and deep hole drilling machine - Google Patents
Deep hole machining device, deep hole machining method and deep hole drilling machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117102542A CN117102542A CN202311389406.9A CN202311389406A CN117102542A CN 117102542 A CN117102542 A CN 117102542A CN 202311389406 A CN202311389406 A CN 202311389406A CN 117102542 A CN117102542 A CN 117102542A
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- assembly
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- drill rod
- oil feeding
- shaft
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
- B23B47/34—Arrangements for removing chips out of the holes made; Chip- breaking arrangements attached to the tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/06—Drills with lubricating or cooling equipment
- B23B51/063—Deep hole drills, e.g. ejector drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a deep hole machining device, a deep hole machining method and a deep hole drilling machine, which comprise the following steps: the bottom plate is provided with a sliding rail group along the length direction; the power head assembly comprises a drill rod, a drill bit and a guide sleeve, and the rotating assembly is used for driving the drill rod to rotate; the linear driving assembly is used for driving the drill rod to axially slide; the oil feeding device assembly comprises an oil feeding main body and an oil feeding shaft, wherein the oil feeding main body is a hollow cavity, a flow guiding channel is arranged in the center of the oil feeding shaft, a through hole is formed in the oil feeding shaft, and the hollow cavity is communicated with the flow guiding channel; an expansion joint is reserved between the diversion channel and the drill rod, a first chip removal hole is formed in the drill bit, a diversion hole is formed in the diversion sleeve, a second chip removal hole is formed in the drill rod, a plurality of spiral diversion grooves are formed in the outer circular surface of the diversion sleeve, the flowing speed of cooling liquid can be accelerated, the rapid cooling effect is achieved on the drill bit, convex edges between two adjacent spiral diversion grooves form centripetal pressure on the circumference of the diversion sleeve, centering accuracy of the drill bit is guaranteed, and machining accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a deep hole machining device, a deep hole machining method and a deep hole drilling machine.
Background
The deep hole processing technology is widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, energy mining, automobile manufacturing, petrifaction, metallurgy, instruments and meters, national defense equipment manufacturing and the like, has high processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost, and becomes one of the difficulties in the mechanical manufacturing technology, and particularly, the deep hole refers to a hole with the ratio of the hole depth to the aperture being greater than or equal to 5, and the deep hole cutter is determined to be necessarily slender as well in consideration of the slender characteristic of the deep hole.
However, in the deep hole machining process of the slender cutter, machining scraps are not easy to discharge, so that heat dissipation is difficult, when a large cutting force is applied, the cutter is self-guided, so that the cutter is deflected, the diameter is enlarged, the phenomenon of taper or hole deflection occurs, and the machining precision cannot meet the quality requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the deep hole machining device, the deep hole machining method and the deep hole drilling machine are provided, and the problems in the background technology are effectively solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: deep hole processing device, processing method and deep hole drilling machine, include:
one side of the bottom plate is provided with a sliding rail group along the length direction;
the power head assembly comprises a drill rod parallel to the sliding rail set, a drill bit arranged at the end part of the drill rod, and a flow guide sleeve positioned between the drill bit and the drill rod, wherein the diameter of the drill rod is smaller than that of the flow guide sleeve, and the diameter of the flow guide sleeve is smaller than or equal to that of the drill bit;
the rotating assembly is arranged on the sliding rail set and used for driving the drill rod to rotate;
the linear driving assembly is arranged on the bottom plate and used for driving the rotating assembly to drive the drill rod to axially slide;
the oil feeding device assembly is arranged at one end of the sliding rail set, which is far away from the rotating assembly, and comprises an oil feeding main body and an oil feeding shaft arranged on the oil feeding main body, wherein the oil feeding main body is internally provided with a hollow cavity, a diversion channel for the drill rod to pass through is arranged at the center of the oil feeding shaft, and a through hole is arranged on the shaft section of the oil feeding shaft, which extends into the hollow cavity, so that the hollow cavity and the diversion channel are communicated to form a first passage;
the drill rod is characterized in that an expansion joint is reserved between the flow guide channel and the drill rod, one end, far away from the drill bit, of the expansion joint is provided with a sealing structure, a plurality of spiral flow guide grooves are formed in the outer circular surface of the flow guide sleeve, two adjacent spiral flow guide grooves are provided with convex edges, a first chip removal hole is formed in the drill bit, a flow guide hole communicated with the first chip removal hole is formed in the flow guide sleeve, and a second chip removal hole communicated with the flow guide hole is formed in the drill rod.
Further, a support sleeve assembly is arranged between the power head assembly and the oil feeder assembly;
the support sleeve assembly comprises a T-shaped support plate, an outer sleeve arranged on the T-shaped support plate, and a fixed sleeve coaxially arranged in the outer sleeve, wherein a bearing is arranged in an annular gap between the fixed sleeve and the outer sleeve; the T-shaped support plate comprises a first plate body fixed on the sliding rail set and a second plate body vertically arranged on the first plate body, wherein one side of an inner hole of the second plate body is provided with an opening, and a flitch is arranged at the opening.
Further, a distance adjusting component is further arranged between the bottom plate and the oil feeder component, the moving speed of the drill rod is larger than that of the oil feeder component, the drill bit and the flow guiding sleeve are positioned at the front end of the oil feeder component, and a sealing gasket is arranged on one end face of the oil feeding shaft, which faces to a workpiece;
the distance adjusting assembly comprises a first nut and a first screw rod which are matched with each other, and two ends of the first screw rod
The two bearing seats of the part and the first driving piece are used for driving the first screw rod to rotate, the two bearing seats are fixed on the bottom plate, and the first nut is fixed below the oil feeding main body;
the first driving piece comprises a first servo motor, a first gear and a second gear, the first servo motor is arranged on one face, away from the distance adjusting assembly, of the bottom plate, the first gear is arranged on the driving end of the servo motor, the second gear is arranged on the end portion of the first screw rod, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.
Further, an oil inlet ring is sleeved on the shaft section of the oil feeding shaft extending out of the oil feeding main body, and an oil inlet is formed in the oil inlet ring;
the outer cylindrical surface of the oil feeding shaft is provided with an annular cavity, at least 3 oil inlet holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity, and the oil inlet holes radially penetrate through the diversion channel to form a second passage;
sealing rings are arranged on the outer cylindrical surfaces of the front side and the rear side of the annular cavity along the axial direction;
when the oil feeder assembly moves along with the drill rod, the second passage is opened, the first passage is closed, and the moving drill rod is centered;
when the oil feeding pressure shaft is abutted against the surface of a workpiece to be machined, the second passage is closed, the first passage is opened, and a chip removing passage opposite to the liquid inlet direction is formed in the drill rod.
Further, the rotating assembly comprises a second servo motor, a mounting plate, a spindle box and a transmission piece;
the mounting plate is arranged on the sliding rail set, the spindle box is fixed on the mounting plate, and the second servo motor is arranged on the second servo motor
The drill rod is coaxially arranged at one end of a cutting main shaft facing a workpiece to be machined in the main shaft box, and a third chip removal hole communicated with the second chip removal hole is formed in the center of the cutting main shaft;
the transmission piece comprises a first belt pulley arranged on the cutting main shaft, a second belt pulley arranged on the second servo motor and a transmission belt wrapped on the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley.
Further, the linear driving assembly comprises a third servo motor, a second screw rod and a second nut;
the second nut is fixed below the rotating assembly, and the third servo motor is arranged at one end, far away from the oil feeder assembly, of the second screw rod so as to drive the rotating assembly to axially slide along the drill rod.
Further, the oil feeding shaft comprises a front pressure sleeve and a rear end cover which are arranged at two ends of the oil feeding main body along the sliding direction;
the front pressure sleeve comprises a first flange plate fixed on the oil feeding main body, a shaft sleeve arranged at the front end of the first flange plate, and a liquid injection shaft section extending into the oil feeding main body, wherein the through holes in the liquid injection shaft section are long and are arranged in a plurality of circumferential directions;
the rear end cover comprises a second flange plate fixed on the oil feeding main body, a connecting shaft section spliced with the liquid injection shaft section is arranged at the extending part of one surface of the second flange plate facing the oil feeding main body, and an end face gap is reserved between the connecting shaft section and the liquid injection shaft section.
Further, a pressure sensor is arranged on one end face of the oil feeding shaft, facing the workpiece, and is arranged at the outer circumference of the sealing gasket, and the distance of the pressure sensor protruding out of the end face of the oil feeding shaft is smaller than that of the sealing gasket protruding out of the end face of the oil feeding shaft;
when the oil feeding pressure shaft is abutted against the surface of a workpiece, the pressure value of the pressure sensor reaches a first set range, the oil feeding device assembly continues to move along the drill rod, and when the pressure value reaches a second set range, the second passage is closed, and the first passage is opened so as to discharge chips generated by the machining of the drill bit.
The invention also provides a deep hole processing method using the deep hole processing device, which comprises the following steps:
starting the rotating assembly to drive the drill rod to rotate, wherein the first passage and the second passage do not have oil inlet;
starting the linear driving assembly, driving the rotating assembly to drive the drill rod to move along the axial direction, synchronously starting the movement of the oil feeder assembly under the action of the distance adjusting assembly, opening the second passage at the moment, and closing the first passage;
when the oil feeding pressure shaft is abutted against the end face of the machining hole, the linear driving assembly continuously drives the drill rod to move, the distance regulator assembly stops acting, at the moment, the first passage is opened, and the second passage is closed;
the liquid in the oil-feeding main body enters the gap between the hole wall and the drill rod through the first passage, rapidly enters the first chip removing hole of the drill bit through the plurality of spiral guide grooves, sequentially passes through the guide holes and the second chip removing holes, and is discharged from the third chip removing hole of the cutting main shaft in the main shaft box.
The invention also provides a deep hole drilling machine, which comprises the deep hole machining device;
and the upright post component is used for driving the deep hole machining device to move in the vertical direction;
and the workbench assembly is arranged at the processing end of the deep hole processing device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the diversion sleeve is arranged between the drill bit and the drill rod, the rotational flow pressure formed by the spiral diversion grooves can accelerate the flowing speed of the cooling liquid in the drill hole, the rapid cooling effect is achieved on the drill bit, the phenomenon of overheating and nodulation of the drill bit is avoided, in the high-speed operation process of the drill bit, the cooling liquid can be directionally diverted by the convex edge of the spiral diversion groove, so that the liquid rapidly enters the first chip removal hole of the drill bit, and the cooling liquid overflows in the gap between the convex edge and the processing hole wall forms centripetal pressure on the circumference of the diversion sleeve, so that the centering precision of the drill bit in the drill hole is ensured, and the deep hole processing precision is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a deep hole machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a deep hole processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power head assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a support sleeve assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a rear isometric view of a deep hole machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a distance adjusting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of an oil inlet ring in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of oil feed to a second passageway in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the oil inlet of the first passage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a rotary assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a linear driving assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a hydraulic shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a deep hole drilling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a bottom plate; 11. a slide rail group; 2. a power head assembly; 21. a drill rod; 211. a second chip removal hole; 22. a drill bit; 221. a first chip removal hole; 23. a diversion sleeve; 231. spiral diversion trenches; 232. a convex edge; 233. a deflector aperture; 3. a rotating assembly; 31. a second servo motor; 32. a mounting plate; 33. a spindle box; 34. a first pulley; 35. a second pulley; 36. a drive belt; 4. a linear drive assembly; 41. a third servo motor; 42. a second screw rod; 43. a second nut; 5. an oil feed assembly; 51. an oil-feeding main body; 52. oil pressure applying shafts; 52a, forward pressing the sleeve; 52b, a rear end cap; 521. a diversion channel; 522. a through hole; 523. an oil inlet hole; 53. oil inlet ring; 531. an oil inlet; 532. a ring cavity; 6. a support sleeve assembly; 61. a T-shaped support plate; 62. an outer sleeve; 63. a fixed sleeve; 64. a bearing; 65. pasting a board; 7. a distance adjustment assembly; 71. a first nut; 72. a first screw rod; 73. a bearing seat; 74. a first driving member; 741. a first servo motor; 742. a first gear; 743. a second gear; 100. a deep hole processing device; 200. a column assembly; 300. a table assembly.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The deep hole processing apparatus 100 shown in fig. 1 to 13 includes: a bottom plate 1, one side of which is provided with a sliding rail group 11 along the length direction; the sliding rail set 11 adopts a double-guide rail and sliding block matching structure, and the double-guide rail is arranged at the two side edges of the bottom plate 1 along the length direction, so that the uniform stress of the bottom plate 1 is ensured, and the side tilting phenomenon is avoided;
the power head assembly 2 comprises a drill rod 21 parallel to the sliding rail set 11, a drill bit 22 arranged at the end part of the drill rod 21, and a guide sleeve 23 positioned between the drill bit 22 and the drill rod 21, wherein the diameter of the drill rod 21 is smaller than that of the guide sleeve 23, the diameter of the guide sleeve 23 is smaller than or equal to that of the drill bit 22, the contact area between the guide sleeve 23 and the drill rod 21 and a machined hole wall is reduced, so that abrasion to the hole wall is reduced, the machining precision of the deep hole diameter is ensured, the annular gap is gradually reduced through the step surfaces formed at the two ends of the guide sleeve 23, when cooling liquid passes through the annular gap and enters the machined surface of the drill bit 22, the flow cross section of the annular gap is changed to form high punching water flow at the machined surface, the drill bit 22 is pushed, and meanwhile, the flow speed of the liquid is accelerated, so that chips generated by machining can be discharged conveniently, and the machined hole wall is effectively prevented from being scratched by the chips;
the rotating assembly 3 is arranged on the sliding rail set 11 and is used for driving the drill rod 21 to rotate; the linear driving component 4 is arranged on the bottom plate 1 and is used for driving the rotating component 3 to drive the drill rod 21 to axially slide;
the oil feeder assembly 5 is arranged at one end of the sliding rail set 11 far away from the rotating assembly 3, and comprises an oil feeding main body 51 and an oil feeding shaft 52 arranged on the oil feeding main body 51, wherein the interior of the oil feeding main body 51 is a hollow cavity, a diversion channel 521 for a drill rod 21 to pass through is arranged at the center of the oil feeding shaft 52, and a through hole 522 is arranged on the shaft section of the oil feeding shaft 52 extending into the hollow cavity so that the hollow cavity and the diversion channel 521 are communicated to form a first passage;
an expansion joint is reserved between the diversion channel 521 and the drill rod 21, one end of the expansion joint, which is far away from the drill bit 22, is provided with a sealing structure, the outer circular surface of the diversion sleeve 23 is provided with a plurality of spiral diversion trenches 231, a convex edge 232 is arranged between two adjacent spiral diversion trenches 231, a first chip removal hole 221 is arranged in the drill bit 22, a diversion hole 233 communicated with the first chip removal hole 221 is arranged in the diversion sleeve 23, and a second chip removal hole 211 communicated with the diversion hole 233 is arranged in the drill rod 21.
The preferred implementation process of the invention is that the oil feeder component 5 and the rotating component 3 are arranged on the sliding rail set 11 and are positioned at two ends of the power head component 2, the rotating component 3 drives the drill rod 21 to rotate, meanwhile, the linear driving component 4 enables the drill rod 21 to axially feed so as to enable the drill bit 22 to carry out deep hole processing on a workpiece to be processed, when the drill rod 21 pushes the drill bit 22 to carry out drilling processing, cooling liquid is injected into a hollow cavity of the oil feeding main body 51, the cooling liquid enters into a flow guide channel 521 and an expansion joint of the drill rod 21 through a through hole 522 of the oil feeding shaft 52 until the annular gap between a processed hole wall and the drill rod 21 is filled, and as the drill bit 22 and the flow guide sleeve 23 can synchronously rotate along the drill rod 21, the depth of the spiral flow guide groove 231 in the radial section gradually decreases along the rotating direction, so that the cooling liquid in the annular gap can be rapidly extruded to the cutting face of the front end of the drill bit 22 under the action of the rotational flow pressure of the plurality of the spiral flow guide grooves 231, and the cooling liquid overflowed in the annular gap can form centripetal pressure on the convex edge 232 so as to ensure the coaxial precision of the flow guide sleeve 23 in the drilling, and further ensure the coaxial precision of the flow guide sleeve 22 in the drilling position, and the chip removal hole position of the drill bit 22 can be sequentially discharged through the first chip removal hole and the second chip removal hole 211. According to the invention, the diversion sleeve 23 is arranged between the drill bit 22 and the drill rod 21, and the rotational flow pressure formed by the spiral diversion grooves 231 can accelerate the flowing speed of the cooling liquid in the drill hole, so that the rapid cooling effect is achieved on the drill bit 22, the phenomenon of overheating and nodulation of the drill bit 22 is avoided, in the high-speed operation process of the drill bit 22, the cooling liquid can be directionally diverted by the convex edge 232 higher than the spiral diversion grooves 231, so that the liquid rapidly enters the first chip removal hole 221 of the drill bit 22, and the cooling liquid overflowed in the gap between the convex edge 232 and the processing hole wall forms centripetal pressure on the circumference of the diversion sleeve 23, so that the centering precision of the drill bit 22 in the drill hole is ensured, and the deep hole processing precision is improved.
In the preferred scheme of the invention, when the length of the drill rod 21 is too long, in order to avoid bending and vibration phenomena in the middle position of the drill rod 21 in the processing process, a supporting sleeve assembly 6 is arranged between the power head assembly 2 and the oil feeder assembly 5 as shown in fig. 1-2, and can stably support the middle position of the drill rod 21, specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the supporting sleeve assembly 6 comprises a T-shaped supporting plate 61, an outer sleeve 62 arranged on the T-shaped supporting plate 61, and a fixing sleeve 63 coaxially arranged in the outer sleeve 62, and a bearing 64 is arranged in an annular gap between the fixing sleeve 63 and the outer sleeve 62; the torque applied by the rotary assembly 3 can be transmitted to the drill bit 22 by the drill rod 21, so that the torque of the drill bit 22 can meet the processing requirement; the T-shaped support plate 61 comprises a first plate body fixed on the slide rail set 11, and a second plate body vertically arranged on the first plate body, wherein one side of an inner hole of the second plate body is provided with an opening, and a flitch 65 is arranged at the opening. The outer sleeve 62, the bearing 64 and the fixing sleeve 63 form a pre-assembly body so as to reduce the field installation and debugging time, the pre-assembly body is convenient to install through the opening of the second plate body, the flitch 65 positioned at the opening can enable the inner hole of the second plate body to form clamping force, and the installation stability of the pre-assembly body on the T-shaped support plate 61 is ensured.
According to the invention, one end of a drill rod 21 is arranged in a rotating assembly 3, a drill bit 22 is embedded in a diversion channel 521, before drilling is carried out, an oil feeding main body 51 is manually moved to be abutted against the processing surface of a workpiece, then the oil feeding main body 51 is fixed, at the moment, the drill bit 22 is required to be moved to the processing surface, then deep hole processing is carried out on the surface, the processing time is long, the processing efficiency is low, and as the drill bit 22 is in the diversion channel 521, the position of the drill bit 22 cannot be visually seen, the feeding distance of the drill rod 21 is difficult to control, and in case of meeting the damage of the drill bit 22, the judgment is difficult to be carried out in time, and potential safety hazards exist, therefore, as shown in fig. 5-6, a distance adjusting assembly 7 is further arranged between a bottom plate 1 and the oil feeding device assembly 5, when the drill bit 21 is axially pushed, the oil feeding device assembly 5 synchronously moves under the action of the distance adjusting assembly 7, and the moving speed of the drill bit 21 is larger than that of the oil feeding device assembly 5, when the drill bit 22 is moved to the processing surface, the drill bit 22 and the diversion sleeve 23 is positioned at the front end of the oil feeding device assembly 5, the drill bit 22 can be visually seen, and the drill bit 22 can be accurately positioned on the drilling surface 52, and the drilling position of the drilling surface can be accurately seen at the end of the drilling surface; the impact of the oil feeding shaft 52 on the machining surface can be reduced, preferably, the distance adjusting assembly 7 comprises a first nut 71 and a first screw 72 which are matched with each other, two bearing seats 73 arranged at two ends of the first screw 72, and a first driving piece 74 for driving the first screw 72 to rotate, wherein the two bearing seats 73 are fixed on the bottom plate 1, and the first nut 71 is fixed below the oil feeding main body 51; the first driving member 74 includes a first servo motor 741, a first gear 742 and a second gear 743, the first servo motor 741 is disposed on a surface of the base plate 1 facing away from the distance adjusting assembly 7, the first gear 742 is disposed on a driving end of the servo motor, the second gear 743 is disposed on an end portion of the first screw 72, and the first gear 742 is meshed with the second gear 743. By the meshing transmission of the first gear 742 and the second gear 743, the movement distance of the oil feeding main body 51 can be controlled conveniently and precisely, so that the oil feeding shaft 52 is in close contact with the processing surface, and the tightness of the spliced position of the processing deep hole and the diversion channel 521 is ensured effectively.
As a preference of the above embodiment, when the oil feeding main body 51 is not in contact with the machining surface of the part, since an expansion joint is left between the flow guiding channel 521 and the drill rod 21, the drill rod 21 located in the flow guiding channel 521 will deflect downwards under the action of gravity, when the drill rod 21 transmits the torque of the rotating assembly 3 to the position of the drill bit 22, the drill bit 22 rotates and swings circumferentially with the progressive entering of the drill bit 22, so as to cause the expansion phenomenon of the machining hole wall, therefore, the shaft section of the oil feeding shaft 52 extending out of the oil feeding main body 51 is sleeved with the oil inlet ring 53, as shown in fig. 7-9, the oil inlet ring 53 is provided with the oil inlet 531; the outer cylindrical surface of the oil feeding shaft 52 is provided with an annular cavity 532, at least 3 oil inlet holes 523 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity 532, and the oil inlet holes 523 penetrate to the diversion channel 521 along the radial direction to form a second passage; sealing rings are arranged on the outer cylindrical surfaces of the front side and the rear side of the annular cavity 532 along the axial direction; when the oil feeder assembly 5 moves along with the drill rod 21, the second passage is opened, the first passage is closed, and the moving drill rod 21 is centered; as shown in fig. 10, when the oil feed shaft 52 abuts against the surface of the workpiece, the second passage is closed, the first passage is opened, and a chip discharge passage opposite to the feed direction is formed in the drill rod 21.
As shown in fig. 11, the rotating assembly 3 includes a second servo motor 31, a mounting plate 32, a headstock 33, and a transmission; the mounting plate 32 is arranged on the sliding rail set 11, the spindle box 33 is fixed on the mounting plate 32, the second servo motor 31 is fixed on the spindle box 33 through a mounting seat, the drill rod 21 is coaxially arranged at one end of the cutting spindle facing the workpiece to be processed in the spindle box 33, and a third chip removal hole communicated with the second chip removal hole 211 is arranged at the center of the cutting spindle; the transmission member includes a first pulley 34 provided on the cutting spindle, a second pulley 35 provided on the second servo motor 31, and a transmission belt 36 wound around the first pulley 34 and the second pulley 35.
Specifically, the drill rod 21 is connected with the cutting main shaft in the main shaft box 33, so that torque transmission can be guaranteed, a third chip removing hole is formed in the cutting main shaft, chips in the drill rod 21 can be conveniently and rapidly discharged, and the chip removing hole adopts a sectional structure design, so that the chips can be conveniently and timely checked and cleaned, and the processing normal state is guaranteed.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 12, the linear driving assembly 4 includes a third servo motor 41, a second screw 42, and a second nut 43; a second nut 43 is fixed below the rotary assembly 3, and a third servomotor 41 is provided at an end of the second screw 42 remote from the oil feeder assembly 5 to drive the rotary assembly 3 to slide in the axial direction of the drill rod 21. The screw-nut is adopted, so that the accuracy of drilling depth is effectively ensured, and the processing stability of the drill rod 21 is improved.
In order to facilitate the installation of the oil feeding shaft 52, the oil feeding shaft 52 of the present invention adopts a split structure, as shown in fig. 13, the oil feeding shaft 52 includes a front pressure sleeve 52a and a rear end cap 52b provided at both ends of the oil feeding body 51 in a sliding direction; the front pressure sleeve 52a comprises a first flange fixed on the oil feeding main body 51, a shaft sleeve arranged at the front end of the first flange, and a liquid injection shaft section extending into the oil feeding main body 51, wherein through holes 522 positioned on the liquid injection shaft section are long and are arranged in a plurality of circumferential directions; the rear end cap 52b includes a second flange fixed on the oil-feeding body 51, and a connecting shaft section spliced with the liquid-filling shaft section at a position where one surface of the second flange faces the oil-feeding body 51 extends, and an end face gap is left between the connecting shaft section and the liquid-filling shaft section.
The cooling liquid radially enters the diversion channel 521, so that the coaxial precision of the drill rod 21 in the machining process can be ensured, the arrangement of the through holes 522 ensures that the cooling liquid is sufficiently supplied, the entering flow of the cooling liquid can meet the flow required by the discharge of machining scraps, the first flange plate and the second flange plate can ensure the mounting stability of the oil feeding shaft 52 and the oil feeding main body 51, the end surface gap of the connecting shaft section and the liquid injection shaft section increases the flow of the liquid entering the diversion channel 521, and the pressure of the liquid entering the expansion joint can be regulated by controlling the end surface gap so as to further accelerate the flow speed of the cooling liquid.
In order to avoid incomplete contact between the oil feeding shaft 52 and the machining surface, the sealing pad is abutted against the surface of the workpiece, a gap exists between the end face of the oil feeding shaft and the surface of the workpiece, leakage of cooling liquid from the gap of the end face can occur, a pressure sensor is arranged at one end face of the oil feeding shaft 52 facing the workpiece, the pressure sensor is arranged at the outer circumference of the sealing pad, misoperation of the pressure sensor caused by water flow pressure at the inner circumference of the sealing pad is avoided, and the distance of the pressure sensor protruding out of the end face of the oil feeding shaft 52 is smaller than that of the sealing pad protruding out of the end face of the oil feeding shaft 52; when the oil feed shaft 52 abuts against the surface of the workpiece, the oil feed assembly 5 continues to follow the drill rod 21 when the pressure value of the pressure sensor reaches a first set range, and when the pressure value reaches a second set range, the second passage is closed and the first passage is opened to discharge chips generated by the machining of the drill bit 22. It should be noted that the second setting range is larger than the first setting range, when the oil feeding shaft is in full contact with the surface of the workpiece, the pressure value of the pressure sensor reaches the second setting range, otherwise, the pressure value is in the first setting range.
The invention also provides a deep hole processing method using the deep hole processing device 100, which comprises the following steps:
starting the rotating assembly 3 to drive the drill rod 21 to rotate, wherein the first passage and the second passage do not have oil inlet;
starting the linear driving assembly 4, driving the rotating assembly 3 to drive the drill rod 21 to axially move, and synchronously starting the movement of the oil feeder assembly 5 under the action of the distance adjusting assembly 7, wherein the second passage is opened and the first passage is closed;
when the oil feeding pressure shaft 52 is abutted against the end face of the machining hole, the linear driving assembly 4 continues to drive the drill rod 21 to move, and the distance adjuster assembly stops acting, so that the first passage is opened, and the second passage is closed;
the liquid in the oil-feeding body 51 enters the gap between the hole wall and the drill rod 21 through the first passage, and rapidly enters the first chip removal hole 221 of the drill bit 22 through the plurality of spiral diversion trenches 231, and is discharged from the third chip removal hole of the cutting spindle in the spindle box 33 after sequentially passing through the diversion hole 233 and the second chip removal hole 211.
As shown in fig. 14, the present invention also provides a deep hole drilling machine, comprising a deep hole processing device 100; and a column assembly 200 for driving the deep hole processing apparatus 100 to move in a vertical direction; and a table assembly 300 provided at a machining end of the deep hole machining apparatus 100.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A deep hole processing apparatus, comprising:
one side of the bottom plate is provided with a sliding rail group along the length direction;
the power head assembly comprises a drill rod parallel to the sliding rail set, a drill bit arranged at the end part of the drill rod, and a flow guide sleeve positioned between the drill bit and the drill rod, wherein the diameter of the drill rod is smaller than that of the flow guide sleeve, and the diameter of the flow guide sleeve is smaller than or equal to that of the drill bit;
the rotating assembly is arranged on the sliding rail set and used for driving the drill rod to rotate;
the linear driving assembly is arranged on the bottom plate and used for driving the rotating assembly to drive the drill rod to axially slide;
the oil feeding device assembly is arranged at one end of the sliding rail set, which is far away from the rotating assembly, and comprises an oil feeding main body and an oil feeding shaft arranged on the oil feeding main body, wherein the oil feeding main body is internally provided with a hollow cavity, a diversion channel for the drill rod to pass through is arranged at the center of the oil feeding shaft, and a through hole is arranged on the shaft section of the oil feeding shaft, which extends into the hollow cavity, so that the hollow cavity and the diversion channel are communicated to form a first passage;
the drill rod is characterized in that an expansion joint is reserved between the flow guide channel and the drill rod, one end, far away from the drill bit, of the expansion joint is provided with a sealing structure, a plurality of spiral flow guide grooves are formed in the outer circular surface of the flow guide sleeve, two adjacent spiral flow guide grooves are provided with convex edges, a first chip removal hole is formed in the drill bit, a flow guide hole communicated with the first chip removal hole is formed in the flow guide sleeve, and a second chip removal hole communicated with the flow guide hole is formed in the drill rod.
2. The deep hole machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein a support sleeve assembly is provided between the power head assembly and the oil feed assembly;
the support sleeve assembly comprises a T-shaped support plate, an outer sleeve arranged on the T-shaped support plate, and a fixed sleeve coaxially arranged in the outer sleeve, wherein a bearing is arranged in an annular gap between the fixed sleeve and the outer sleeve;
the T-shaped support plate comprises a first plate body fixed on the sliding rail set and a second plate body vertically arranged on the first plate body, wherein one side of an inner hole of the second plate body is provided with an opening, and a flitch is arranged at the opening.
3. The deep hole machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein a distance adjustment assembly is further provided between the base plate and the oil feed assembly;
the moving speed of the drill rod is larger than that of the oil feeder assembly, the drill bit and the flow guide sleeve are positioned at the front end of the oil feeder assembly, and a sealing gasket is arranged on one end face of the oil feeding shaft, which faces to a workpiece;
the distance adjusting assembly comprises a first nut and a first screw rod which are matched with each other, and two ends of the first screw rod
The two bearing seats of the part and the first driving piece are used for driving the first screw rod to rotate, the two bearing seats are fixed on the bottom plate, and the first nut is fixed below the oil feeding main body;
the first driving piece comprises a first servo motor, a first gear and a second gear, the first servo motor is arranged on one face, away from the distance adjusting assembly, of the bottom plate, the first gear is arranged on the driving end of the servo motor, the second gear is arranged on the end portion of the first screw rod, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.
4. The deep hole machining apparatus according to claim 3, wherein an oil inlet ring is provided on a shaft section of the oil feeding shaft extending out of the oil feeding body, and an oil inlet is provided on the oil inlet ring;
the outer cylindrical surface of the oil feeding shaft is provided with an annular cavity, at least 3 oil inlet holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity, and the oil inlet holes radially penetrate through the diversion channel to form a second passage;
sealing rings are arranged on the outer cylindrical surfaces of the front side and the rear side of the annular cavity along the axial direction;
when the oil feeder assembly moves along with the drill rod, the second passage is opened, the first passage is closed, and the moving drill rod is centered;
when the oil feeding pressure shaft is abutted against the surface of the workpiece to be processed, the second passage is closed, the first passage is opened, and
and forming a chip removing passage opposite to the liquid inlet direction in the drill rod.
5. The deep hole machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotating assembly includes a second servo motor, a mounting plate, a headstock, and a transfer member;
the mounting plate is arranged on the sliding rail set, the spindle box is fixed on the mounting plate, and the second servo motor is arranged on the second servo motor
The drill rod is coaxially arranged at one end of a cutting main shaft facing a workpiece to be machined in the main shaft box, and a third chip removal hole communicated with the second chip removal hole is formed in the center of the cutting main shaft;
the transmission piece comprises a first belt pulley arranged on the cutting main shaft, a second belt pulley arranged on the second servo motor and a transmission belt wrapped on the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley.
6. The deep hole machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein the linear drive assembly includes a third servo motor, a second lead screw, and a second nut;
the second nut is fixed below the rotating assembly, and the third servo motor is arranged at the position, far away from the second screw rod
One end of the oil feeder assembly is used for driving the rotating assembly to slide along the axial direction of the drill rod.
7. The deep hole machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oil feed shaft includes a front pressure sleeve and a rear end cap provided at both ends of the oil feed body in a sliding direction;
the front pressure sleeve comprises a first flange plate fixed on the oil feeding main body and a front end of the first flange plate
The oil feeding device comprises an oil feeding main body, a shaft sleeve and a liquid injection shaft section, wherein the liquid injection shaft section stretches into the oil feeding main body, and the through holes on the liquid injection shaft section are long-strip-shaped and are arranged in a plurality of circumferential directions;
the rear end cover comprises a second flange plate fixed on the oil feeding main body, a connecting shaft section spliced with the liquid injection shaft section is arranged at the extending part of one surface of the second flange plate facing the oil feeding main body, and an end face gap is reserved between the connecting shaft section and the liquid injection shaft section.
8. The deep hole machining apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the oil-imparting shaft faces one end of the workpiece
The surface is provided with a pressure sensor which is arranged at the outer circumference of the sealing gasket, and the distance of the pressure sensor protruding the oil pressure applying shaft end face is smaller than the distance of the sealing gasket protruding the oil pressure applying shaft end face;
when the oil feeding pressure shaft is abutted against the surface of the workpiece, the pressure value of the pressure sensor reaches a first set range,
the oil catcher assembly continues to follow the drill rod and when the pressure value reaches a second set range, the second passageway is closed and the first passageway is opened to remove debris from the drill bit machining.
9. Deep hole processing method using the deep hole processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
starting the rotating assembly to drive the drill rod to rotate, wherein the first passage and the second passage do not have oil inlet;
starting the linear driving assembly, driving the rotating assembly to drive the drill rod to move along the axial direction, synchronously starting the movement of the oil feeder assembly under the action of the distance adjusting assembly, opening the second passage at the moment, and closing the first passage;
when the oil feeding pressure shaft is abutted against the end face of the machining hole, the linear driving assembly continuously drives the drill rod to move, the distance regulator assembly stops acting, at the moment, the first passage is opened, and the second passage is closed;
the liquid in the oil-feeding main body enters the gap between the hole wall and the drill rod through the first passage, rapidly enters the first chip removing hole of the drill bit through the plurality of spiral guide grooves, sequentially passes through the guide holes and the second chip removing holes, and is discharged from the third chip removing hole of the cutting main shaft in the main shaft box.
10. Deep hole drilling machine, characterized in that it comprises a deep hole machining device according to any of claims 1-8;
and the upright post component is used for driving the deep hole machining device to move in the vertical direction;
and the workbench assembly is arranged at the processing end of the deep hole processing device.
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| CN202311389406.9A CN117102542B (en) | 2023-10-25 | 2023-10-25 | Deep hole machining device, deep hole machining method and deep hole drilling machine |
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| CN202311389406.9A CN117102542B (en) | 2023-10-25 | 2023-10-25 | Deep hole machining device, deep hole machining method and deep hole drilling machine |
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| CN117505913A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-02-06 | 烟台江源机械零部件有限公司 | Steel plate machining and drilling device |
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| CN117102542B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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