CN117092141A - X-ray nondestructive flaw detection equipment and method for power transmission line - Google Patents
X-ray nondestructive flaw detection equipment and method for power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection device and a method thereof, belonging to the technical field of nondestructive inspection, wherein the device comprises an X-ray source device for emitting X-rays; the detection device converts the radiation signal into an electric signal and forms an image; the distance measuring device measures the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detecting device in real time; the telescopic device adjusts L1 and L2; the data acquisition module acquires the focal point size of an X-ray tube of the current X-ray source device, the aperture size of the detection device and L1 and L2 measured in real time; the imaging analysis module analyzes the current effective beam width based on the data. According to the invention, the imaging analysis module is used for analyzing the effective width of the beam according to the acquired data, so that the spatial resolution is further obtained, the definition of the current position of the X-ray source device and the detection device for imaging is estimated, and the positions of the X-ray source device and the detection device are adjusted through the telescopic device, so that the definition of the final imaging is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive inspection, in particular to transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection equipment and a method thereof.
Background
The power consumption requirements of people are continuously increased at present, the quality requirements on power supply stability and the like are continuously improved, the detection is started only when the power is cut off in the traditional power detection method, the normal life and production of people are greatly influenced, but for a power grid with continuously expanded scale, safety hazards such as cracks and the like are easy to occur after a large number of electric equipment and machine related power transmission lines such as distribution transformers are used for working for a long time, more serious power faults and safety accidents are easy to be caused, and therefore, in order to develop daily necessary detection work under the condition that the normal operation of the power transmission lines and the like is not influenced, nondestructive inspection detection technology is developed. The nondestructive inspection is to analyze the existing damage and defect problems without damaging the original state and performance of the object to be detected.
Patent number CN102818810B, disclose a kind of X-ray nondestructive inspection equipment, it includes the body accommodation cavity to be examined; a plurality of X-ray sources disposed around the object receiving chamber; the plurality of detectors are arranged around the detected object accommodating cavity, the number of the detectors is the same as that of the X-ray sources, and each detector is opposite to the corresponding X-ray source, so that each detector is only used for acquiring a detection signal generated after X-rays generated by the corresponding X-ray source pass through the detected object; the control circuit controls the X-ray source and the detector to conduct nondestructive inspection; the pulley structures are oppositely arranged to clamp the detected object and move along the detection direction based on the control signal of the control circuit.
However, this patent does not disclose nor take into account the problem of final imaging sharpness, which directly affects the evaluation and judgment of flaw detection results by the technician.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a transmission line X-ray nondestructive flaw detection device for solving the technical problems in the prior art, which comprises: the device comprises a device host, an X-ray source device, a detection device, a distance measuring device and a telescopic device;
the equipment host comprises a main control module, a data acquisition module and an imaging analysis module; the X-ray source device, the detection device, the distance measuring device and the telescopic device are all in communication connection with the equipment host;
an X-ray source device for emitting X-rays;
the detection device is used for receiving X-rays, converting a radiation signal into an electric signal and forming an image;
a distance measuring device for measuring the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detecting device in real time;
the telescopic device is used for adjusting the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data, wherein the data comprise the current X-ray tube focal spot size a of the X-ray source device, the aperture size d of the detection device and L1 and L2 measured by the distance measuring device in real time;
the imaging analysis module is used for analyzing the current effective width W of the beam according to the data, if the effective width W of the current beam exceeds a preset threshold value, the main control module controls the telescopic device to reduce the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or increase the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device, so that the imaging is re-detected when the effective width W of the current beam is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value.
Further, the telescopic device comprises a first transverse arm, a first vertical arm, a first connecting part, a second transverse arm, a second vertical arm and a second connecting part;
the first transverse arm and the second transverse arm are respectively arranged at two sides of the equipment host; the first vertical arm is connected with the first transverse arm through a first connecting part; the second vertical arm is connected with the second transverse arm through a second connecting part;
the first transverse arm and the second transverse arm extend and retract along the horizontal direction; the first vertical arm and the second vertical arm are telescopic in the vertical direction.
Further, the X-ray source device is arranged on the first vertical arm; the detection device is arranged on the second vertical arm.
Further, the device also comprises a pulley device which is in communication connection with the main control module and is used for enabling the equipment host to move;
the pulley device comprises a first pulley, a first supporting rod, a second pulley and a second supporting rod; the first pulley is arranged on the first supporting rod; the second pulley is arranged on the second supporting rod; the first support rod and the second support rod are arranged at the top of the equipment host.
Further, the distance measuring device is arranged on the first vertical arm;
the distance measuring device is selected from any one of an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, a laser distance measuring sensor, an infrared distance measuring sensor and a 24GHZ radar sensor.
Further, the calculating mode of the effective beam width W specifically includes:；/>；
wherein M is the magnification.
Further, the X-ray source device comprises a plurality of X-ray tubes of different focal spot sizes;
the equipment host also comprises a power adjustment module, which is used for storing a preset power threshold range of each X-ray tube and adjusting the output power of the X-ray tube within the preset power threshold range according to the focus size of the current X-ray tube.
Further, the device also comprises a thickness detection device which is arranged at the top of the equipment host and is used for detecting the penetration thickness of the current detected object;
the data acquisition module also acquires the penetration thickness and penetration material information of the detected object; the penetrating material information is input by an operator through an operation platform;
and the main control module controls the X-ray source device to switch the X-ray tube corresponding to the optimal focus according to the penetration thickness and the penetration material information, and then controls the power adjustment module to adjust the output power.
The invention also provides a nondestructive inspection method for the X-ray of the transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring real-time data of current equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the X-ray tube focus size a of the X-ray source device, the aperture size d of the detection device, the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device;
s2, analyzing the current effective width W of the beam according to the real-time data;
s3, adjusting the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device according to the effective width W of the beam, wherein the specific steps are as follows: if the effective width W of the beam exceeds a preset threshold value, reducing the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or increasing the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device, so that the current effective width W of the beam is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value;
s4, the X-ray source device emits X-rays to the detected object, penetrates through the detected object, and receives the X-rays to generate an image by the detection device.
Further, the real-time data also comprises the penetration thickness and penetration material of the detected object; the method further comprises the following steps between S1 and S2: and selecting an X-ray tube with the optimal focus size and output power according to the penetration thickness and the penetration material information of the detected object.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the imaging analysis module is used for analyzing the effective width of the beam according to the data acquired by the data acquisition module, so that the spatial resolution is further obtained, the definition of the current position of the X-ray source device and the detection device for imaging is estimated, and the positions of the X-ray source device and the detection device are adjusted through the telescopic device, so that the definition of the final imaging is improved;
the main control module analyzes and controls the X-ray source device to switch the X-ray tube with the optimal focus according to the penetration thickness and penetration materials of different objects to be detected, and then controls the power adjusting module to adjust the output power of the X-ray tube within the range of the preset power threshold corresponding to the X-ray tube, so that the X-ray penetration capacity is improved, the imaging is clearer, and meanwhile, the damage to the tube target of the X-ray tube due to overlarge energy is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship of the devices of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the positional relationship of the devices of the apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the apparatus of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the positional relationship of the devices of the apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flow chart of the steps of the method of the present invention.
Legend description: 1. a device host; 101. a main control module; 102. a data acquisition module; 103. an imaging analysis module; 104. a power adjustment module; 2. an X-ray source device; 3. a detection device; 4. a distance measuring device; 5. a telescoping device; 511. a first transverse arm; 512. a first vertical arm; 513. a first connection portion; 521. a second transverse arm; 522. a second vertical arm; 523. a second connecting portion; 6. a pulley device; 611. a first pulley; 612. a first support bar; 621. a second pulley; 622. a second support bar; 7. and a thickness detection device.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus, including: the device comprises a device host 1, an X-ray source device 2, a detection device 3, a distance measuring device 4 and a telescopic device 5;
the equipment host 1 comprises a main control module 101, a data acquisition module 102 and an imaging analysis module 103; the X-ray source device 2, the detection device 3, the distance measuring device 4 and the telescopic device 5 are all in communication connection with the equipment host 1;
an X-ray source device 2 for emitting X-rays;
a detecting device 3 for receiving the X-rays, converting the radiation signal into an electric signal, and forming an image;
a distance measuring device 4 for measuring a distance L1 from the X-ray source device 2 to the object to be detected and a distance L2 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detecting device 3 in real time;
a telescopic device 5 for adjusting a distance L1 from the X-ray source device 2 to the object to be detected and a distance L2 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detecting device 3;
a data acquisition module 102, configured to acquire data, where the data includes an X-ray tube focal spot size a of the current X-ray source device 2, an aperture size d of the detection device 3, and L1 and L2 measured by the ranging device 4 in real time;
the imaging analysis module 103 is configured to analyze the current effective beam width W according to the data, and if the current effective beam width W exceeds a preset threshold, the main control module 101 controls the telescopic device 5 to decrease the distance L1 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detected object and/or increase the distance L2 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detection device 3 until the current effective beam width W is less than or equal to the preset threshold;
the main control module 101 is used for controlling the above devices and modules to operate.
The X-ray source device 2 includes an X-ray tube, a transformer, a collimator, and the like;
the X-ray tube selects a rotary anode X-ray tube, and consists of a cathode, an anode, a tube wall and an asynchronous motor rotor driving the anode to rotate, so that the X-ray tube not only keeps a smaller focal area, but also does not cause the target surface to be heated excessively and melt locally, and the power of the X-ray tube is obviously improved;
the transformer comprises a filament transformer and a step-up transformer; the filament transformer is a step-down transformer, and the input power supply voltage is reduced to low voltage for heating the filament; the step-up transformer is used for increasing the voltage of the alternating current to the X-ray tube, so that a very high electric field is generated between two electrodes of the X-ray tube, electrons emitted by the cathode are attracted to the anode to move at a high speed, and the electrons strike a target surface to generate X rays;
the collimator functions to form the X-ray beam into a fan-beam.
The detection device 3 is an X-ray detector, and a flat panel detector, a linear array detector or the like can be selected according to practical situations.
The distance measuring device 4 can select any one of an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, a laser distance measuring sensor, an infrared distance measuring sensor and a 24GHZ radar sensor.
The telescopic device 5 is in particular a telescopic mechanical arm capable of supporting the weight of the X-ray source device 2 and the detection device 3.
In the nondestructive inspection, the inspection result mainly comes from normal or abnormal information provided by an image, a high-quality temperature-rising image is a precondition for the accuracy of the inspection result, and the spatial resolution is an important factor affecting the quality of the image.
Spatial resolution refers to the ability to resolve a particular minimum geometric detail from a CT image, quantitatively expressed as the minimum separation between two detail features. The spatial resolution is the primary factor affecting the image quality, and is affected by the effective beam width, the smaller the effective beam width, the higher the critical spatial resolution of the system in physical sense, and the parameters affecting the effective beam width are the focal spot size a of the X-ray tube, the aperture size d of the detection device 3, the distance L1 from the X-ray source device 2 to the object to be detected, and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detection device 3, so the data acquisition module 102 is added in the technical scheme of the present invention to acquire the above data.
Effective beam width；/>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein M is the magnification factor, the aboveThe effective beam width W is transformed to +.>Therefore, after the aperture size d of the detection device 3 and the X-ray tube focal spot size a are determined, the larger M is, the smaller W is.
The aperture of the detection device 3 is the effective aperture of the detector sensing part, and the smaller the aperture of the detection device 3 or the smaller the focal size of the X-ray tube, the higher the obtained spatial resolution; under the same aperture and focal size of the X-ray tube, the main control module 101 controls the telescopic device 5 to extend and retract, so that the effective beam width can be reduced by reducing the distance L1 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detected object and/or increasing the distance L2 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detection device 3, thereby improving the spatial resolution and the imaging definition.
The device host 1 further comprises a noise processing module, which is not shown in the figure;
during X-ray image processing, noise often occurs, which affects image quality. Noise includes system noise and random noise; system noise is typically caused by non-ideal performance or failure of electronic components; random noise is typically caused by random intensity variations of photons within the test object.
The image noise processing method may include:
the smooth filtering method is a low-pass filtering method based on convolution operation, and can effectively inhibit low-frequency noise by removing high-frequency parts of images to eliminate noise;
the median filtering method sorts the values around the central pixel of the image, selects the intermediate value as a new central pixel value, and can effectively remove random noise such as Gaussian noise, impulse noise and the like;
the wavelet transformation method comprises the steps of firstly decomposing an image into a plurality of subband images of low frequency, high frequency, horizontal, vertical and the like, and then removing noise through processing different subband images, so that low-frequency noise can be effectively restrained;
the block effect elimination method divides the whole image into a plurality of blocks, and then carries out noise analysis and equalization processing on each block, thereby being capable of effectively inhibiting non-uniformity noise.
The noise processing module can automatically judge and select one or more modes from the image noise processing methods according to the noise types to process the noise, for example, the system noise is preferably a smoothing filtering method or a blockiness eliminating method, and the random noise is preferably a median filtering method or a wavelet transformation method.
To illustrate the positional relationship of the devices of the apparatus of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the telescopic device 5 includes a first transverse arm 511, a first vertical arm 512, a first connecting portion 513, a second transverse arm 521, a second vertical arm 522, and a second connecting portion 523;
the first lateral arm 511 and the second lateral arm 521 are respectively disposed on both sides of the device host 1; the first vertical arm 512 is connected to the first lateral arm 511 by a first connection 513; the second vertical arm 522 is connected to the second transverse arm 521 by a second connection 523;
the first lateral arm 511 and the second lateral arm 521 are extended and contracted in the horizontal direction; the first vertical arm 512 and the second vertical arm 522 are extended and retracted in the vertical direction;
the X-ray source device 2 is arranged on the first vertical arm 512; the detection device 3 is arranged on the second vertical arm 522.
The distance measuring device 4 is arranged on the first vertical arm 512.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the apparatus of the present invention further includes a pulley device 6, which is communicatively connected to the main control module 101, for suspending the apparatus host 1 below a detected object and moving the apparatus host 1;
the pulley device 6 includes a first pulley 611, a first support bar 612, a second pulley 621, and a second support bar 622; the first pulley 611 is disposed on the first supporting rod 612; the second pulley 621 is disposed on the second support bar 622; the first support bar 612 and the second support bar 622 are arranged on the top of the device host 1;
the main control module 101 can control the first support rod 612 and the second support rod 622 to stretch in the vertical direction so as to adjust the heights of the first pulley 611 and the second pulley 621; the main control module 101 may control the first pulley 611 and the second pulley 621 to roll to move the device.
In a further embodiment, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the X-ray source device 2 of the apparatus of the present invention comprises a plurality of X-ray tubes of different focal spot sizes;
the device host 1 further comprises a power adjustment module 104, configured to store a preset power threshold range of each X-ray tube, and adjust the output power of the X-ray tube within the preset power threshold range according to the focal size of the current X-ray tube.
The device also comprises a thickness detection device 7 which is arranged at the top of the device host 1 and is used for detecting the penetration thickness of the current detected object and sending the penetration thickness to the data acquisition module 102;
the data acquisition module 102 also acquires the penetration thickness and penetration material information of the detection object; the penetrating material information is input by an operator through an operation platform;
the main control module 101 controls the X-ray source device 2 to switch the X-ray tube corresponding to the optimal focal point according to the penetration thickness and the penetration material information, and controls the power adjustment module 104 to adjust the output power.
The size of the focal spot of the X-ray tube has a great influence on the quality of an imaging image, and the larger the focal spot is, the more blurred the image edge is, namely the penumbra is more obvious, and the less clear the image is, otherwise, the smaller the focal spot is, the sharper the image edge is, and the more clear the image is.
However, according to the penetration thickness and penetration material of different objects to be detected, the penetration capability required by the X-ray tube to emit X-rays is also different, and the higher tube voltage can emit X-ray photons with higher energy, so that thicker objects to be detected can be penetrated, and the higher the tube voltage, the stronger the penetration capability of X-rays. When the penetration thickness of the object to be detected is relatively thick, a high tube voltage is required to increase the output power to improve the penetration ability of the X-rays for the sake of clarity of imaging, but if the focal spot size is small, too high energy easily damages the tube target of the X-ray tube.
Thus, the X-ray source device 2 of the present invention comprises a plurality of X-ray tubes of different focal spot sizes; the main control module 101 analyzes the best focus size of the X-ray tube according to the penetration thickness and the penetration material information through a trained mathematical model, and then controls the power adjustment module 104 to adjust the output power of the X-ray tube within a corresponding preset power threshold range according to the focus size of the X-ray tube.
In some embodiments, the device host 1 is communicatively coupled to an operator platform through which an operator may manually control the device.
It should be noted that the above embodiments may be combined with each other to form new embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention further provides a transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection method, which is applied to the transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus of any one of the above embodiments, and includes:
s1, acquiring real-time data of current equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the X-ray tube focal spot size a of the X-ray source device 2, the aperture size d of the detection device 3, the distance L1 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device 2 to the detection device 3;
s2, analyzing the current effective width W of the beam according to the real-time data;
s3, adjusting the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device according to the effective width W of the beam, wherein the specific steps are as follows: if the effective width W of the beam exceeds a preset threshold value, reducing the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or increasing the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device, so that the current effective width W of the beam is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value;
s4, the X-ray source device 2 emits X-rays to the detected object, penetrates the detected object, and receives the X-ray generated image by the detection device 3.
A technician can evaluate whether the detected object has abnormality and defect through the image; such as whether the wire has the defects of strand breakage, strand scattering and the like.
Further, the focal spot size a of the X-ray tube and the aperture size d of the detecting device 3 are directly acquired by the data acquisition module 102 of the host 1, the distance L1 between the X-ray source device 2 and the detected object and the distance L2 between the X-ray source device 2 and the detecting device 3 are adjusted by the telescopic device 5, and the distance is detected and acquired by the ranging device and then sent to the data acquisition module 102.
Further, the effective beamwidth；/>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein M is the magnification.
Further, the real-time data also comprises the penetration thickness and penetration material of the detected object; the method further comprises the following steps between S1 and S2: and selecting an X-ray tube with the optimal focus size and output power according to the penetration thickness and the penetration material information of the detected object.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the imaging analysis module is used for analyzing the effective width of the beam according to the data acquired by the data acquisition module, so that the spatial resolution is further obtained, the definition of the current position of the X-ray source device and the detection device for imaging is estimated, and the positions of the X-ray source device and the detection device are adjusted through the telescopic device, so that the definition of the final imaging is improved;
the main control module analyzes and controls the X-ray source device to switch the X-ray tube with the optimal focus according to the penetration thickness and penetration materials of different objects to be detected, and then controls the power adjusting module to adjust the output power of the X-ray tube within the range of the preset power threshold corresponding to the X-ray tube, so that the X-ray penetration capacity is improved, the imaging is clearer, and meanwhile, the damage to the tube target of the X-ray tube due to overlarge energy is avoided.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various other changes and modifications can be made which are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus for a power transmission line, comprising: the device comprises a device host, an X-ray source device, a detection device, a distance measuring device and a telescopic device;
the equipment host comprises a main control module, a data acquisition module and an imaging analysis module; the X-ray source device, the detection device, the distance measuring device and the telescopic device are all in communication connection with the equipment host;
an X-ray source device for emitting X-rays;
the detection device is used for receiving X-rays, converting a radiation signal into an electric signal and forming an image;
a distance measuring device for measuring the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detecting device in real time;
the telescopic device is used for adjusting the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data, wherein the data comprise the current X-ray tube focal spot size a of the X-ray source device, the aperture size d of the detection device and L1 and L2 measured by the distance measuring device in real time;
the imaging analysis module is used for analyzing the current effective width W of the beam according to the data, if the effective width W of the current beam exceeds a preset threshold value, the main control module controls the telescopic device to reduce the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or increase the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device, so that the imaging is re-detected when the effective width W of the current beam is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value.
2. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the telescoping device includes a first transverse arm, a first vertical arm, a first connection portion, a second transverse arm, a second vertical arm, and a second connection portion;
the first transverse arm and the second transverse arm are respectively arranged at two sides of the equipment host; the first vertical arm is connected with the first transverse arm through a first connecting part; the second vertical arm is connected with the second transverse arm through a second connecting part;
the first transverse arm and the second transverse arm extend and retract along the horizontal direction; the first vertical arm and the second vertical arm are telescopic in the vertical direction.
3. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus of claim 2 wherein the X-ray source device is disposed on the first vertical arm; the detection device is arranged on the second vertical arm.
4. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pulley device communicatively connected to the main control module for moving the apparatus host;
the pulley device comprises a first pulley, a first supporting rod, a second pulley and a second supporting rod; the first pulley is arranged on the first supporting rod; the second pulley is arranged on the second supporting rod; the first support rod and the second support rod are arranged at the top of the equipment host.
5. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus of claim 2 wherein the distance measuring device is disposed on the first vertical arm;
the distance measuring device is selected from any one of an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, a laser distance measuring sensor, an infrared distance measuring sensor and a 24GHZ radar sensor.
6. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus of claim 1 wherein the beam is effectiveThe width W is calculated in the following manner:；/>；
wherein M is the magnification.
7. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus of claim 1 wherein the X-ray source device comprises a plurality of X-ray tubes of different focal spot sizes;
the equipment host also comprises a power adjustment module, which is used for storing a preset power threshold range of each X-ray tube and adjusting the output power of the X-ray tube within the preset power threshold range according to the focus size of the current X-ray tube.
8. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection equipment according to claim 7, further comprising a thickness detection device arranged on the top of the equipment host for detecting the penetration thickness of the current object to be inspected;
the data acquisition module also acquires the penetration thickness and penetration material information of the detected object; the penetrating material information is input by an operator through an operation platform;
and the main control module controls the X-ray source device to switch the X-ray tube corresponding to the optimal focus according to the penetration thickness and the penetration material information, and then controls the power adjustment module to adjust the output power.
9. A transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection method applied to the transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising:
s1, acquiring real-time data of current equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the X-ray tube focus size a of the X-ray source device, the aperture size d of the detection device, the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device;
s2, analyzing the current effective width W of the beam according to the real-time data;
s3, adjusting the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device according to the effective width W of the beam, wherein the specific steps are as follows: if the effective width W of the beam exceeds a preset threshold value, reducing the distance L1 from the X-ray source device to the detected object and/or increasing the distance L2 from the X-ray source device to the detection device, so that the current effective width W of the beam is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value;
s4, the X-ray source device emits X-rays to the detected object, penetrates through the detected object, and receives the X-rays to generate an image by the detection device.
10. The transmission line X-ray nondestructive inspection method according to claim 9, wherein the real-time data further includes a penetration thickness and a penetration material of the object to be inspected; the method further comprises the following steps between S1 and S2: and selecting an X-ray tube with the optimal focus size and output power according to the penetration thickness and the penetration material information of the detected object.
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