CN117086249A - Processing technology of high-strength forging - Google Patents
Processing technology of high-strength forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN117086249A CN117086249A CN202311366836.9A CN202311366836A CN117086249A CN 117086249 A CN117086249 A CN 117086249A CN 202311366836 A CN202311366836 A CN 202311366836A CN 117086249 A CN117086249 A CN 117086249A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 350
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of forging processing, in particular to a processing technology of a high-strength forging, which comprises the following steps: step S1, heating the forging by using a heating furnace to output the forging to be extruded; s2, performing extrusion operation on the forging to be extruded by using a hydraulic forging press to output a semi-finished forging, and cooling the semi-finished forging by using a cooler to output a finished forging; step S3, the central control module carries out primary adjustment on the heating temperature of the heating furnace when judging that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than an allowable range; step S4, the central control module secondarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging piece to be extruded; and S5, the central control module secondarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging piece. The invention realizes the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging processing, in particular to a processing technology of a high-strength forging.
Background
In the prior art, forging is a processing method for applying pressure to a metal blank by using forging machinery to make the metal blank plastically deformed so as to obtain a forging piece with certain mechanical properties, a certain shape and a certain size, and one of two components of forging (forging and stamping) is performed. The defects of cast loosening and the like generated in the smelting process of the metal can be eliminated through forging, the microstructure is optimized, and meanwhile, the mechanical properties of the forging are generally superior to those of the casting made of the same material because of the preservation of the complete metal streamline; important parts with high load and severe working conditions in related machines are usually forged pieces except for plates, profiles or welded parts which are relatively simple in shape and can be rolled.
Chinese patent publication No.: CN108165870B discloses a process for processing high-strength forgings, comprising: s1, melting iron materials in an electric furnace, and opening a sliding water gap at the bottom of a ladle in the electric furnace; molten steel flows from the ladle into the tundish; when the molten steel surface in the tundish reaches a certain height, a sliding water gap at the bottom of the tundish is opened, molten steel flows into an LF furnace containing synthetic slag and deoxidizer for refining, and the desulfurization and deoxidization of the molten steel are completed through electrode submerged arc slagging under the reducing atmosphere; opening a sliding water gap of the LF furnace, and transferring molten steel to a middle ladle again for deslagging treatment; s2, performing element component analysis on the molten steel in the step S1, and cooling to perform primary blank forging after the molten steel is qualified; step S3, heating the primary blank obtained in the step S2 by adopting a step heating method, forging, forming by adopting three fires during forging, and performing preheating treatment at the forging heating temperature of 400 ℃ during the first fire forging; heating to 600-680 ℃ in the second stage, and preserving heat for 25min to perform soaking treatment; heating to 1150-1200 deg.c for forging, cooling to 800 deg.c, maintaining for 30min and cooling to obtain the initial alloy product; and S4, performing heat treatment on the alloy primary product in the step S3 to obtain an alloy product, wherein the heat treatment comprises solution treatment and artificial aging treatment, and the solution treatment comprises the following steps: heating the forging to 1050-1100 ℃ and adopting oil cooling; the artificial aging treatment is as follows: heating the forging after solution treatment to 650-700 ℃, and then adopting air cooling to room temperature; and S5, performing ultrasonic flaw detection and cleaning on the alloy product in the step S4 to select a qualified product. Therefore, the processing technology of the high-strength forging has the problems that the efficiency of forging processing is reduced due to the fact that the heating temperature of a heating furnace is too low, and the stability of forging processing is reduced due to the fact that the extrusion frequency of a hydraulic forging press is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a processing technology of a high-strength forging piece, which is used for solving the problems of the prior art that the efficiency of forging piece processing is reduced due to the too low heating temperature of a heating furnace and the stability of forging piece processing is reduced due to the too high extrusion frequency of a hydraulic forging press.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a processing technology of a high strength forging, including: step S1, heating the forging by using a heating furnace to output the forging to be extruded; s2, performing extrusion operation on the forging to be extruded by using a hydraulic forging press to output a semi-finished forging, and cooling the semi-finished forging by using a cooler to output a finished forging; step S3, the central control module judges the accuracy of forging processing according to the average thickness of the finished forging, and primarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace when judging that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than an allowable range, or primarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press according to the surface roughness of the finished forging; step S4, when the central control module completes primary adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace, the central control module secondarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded; and S5, when the central control module completes primary adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press, the central control module secondarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging.
Further, in the step S3, the central control module controls the thickness sensors disposed at the output end of the cooler to detect the thickness of the plurality of finished forgings, and calculates the average thickness of the finished forgings according to the detection result of the thickness of the forgings,
if the average thickness of the finished forging meets the preset first thickness condition and the preset second thickness condition, the central control module judges that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than the allowable range, wherein,
the central control module preliminarily judges that the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds an allowable range under the condition of the preset first thickness, and judges whether the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds the allowable range or not for the second time according to the surface roughness of the finished forging;
the central control module judges that the heating temperature of the heating furnace needs to be increased under the condition of the preset second thickness;
the preset first thickness condition is that the average thickness of the finished forging is larger than the preset first thickness and smaller than or equal to the preset second thickness; the preset second thickness condition is that the average thickness of the finished forging is larger than the preset second thickness; the preset first thickness is smaller than the preset second thickness.
Further, the calculation formula of the average thickness of the finished forging is as follows:wherein Z is the average thickness of the finished forging, xa is the thickness of the a-th finished forging, n is the number of the finished forgings, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Further, the central control module determines a plurality of adjustment modes for increasing the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the difference value between the average thickness of the finished forging and the preset second thickness under the preset second thickness condition, wherein the adjustment range of each temperature adjustment mode for increasing the heating temperature of the heating furnace is different.
Further, the central control module controls a roughness measuring instrument arranged at the output end of the cooler under the condition of the first thickness to detect the surface roughness of the finished forging,
when the surface roughness of the finished forging meets the preset roughness condition, the central control module judges that the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds the allowable range, and primarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press;
the preset roughness condition is that the surface roughness of the finished forging is larger than the preset roughness.
Further, the central control module determines a plurality of adjustment modes for reducing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the difference value between the surface roughness of the finished forging and the preset roughness under the preset roughness condition, wherein each frequency adjustment mode is different in adjustment amplitude for reducing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press.
Further, the central control module controls a visual sensor arranged at the input end of the hydraulic forging press to detect the number of grains on the surface of the forging piece to be extruded,
if the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded meets the preset number condition, the central control module judges that the oxidation degree of the forging exceeds the allowable range, and the heating temperature of the heating furnace is secondarily adjusted;
the preset number of the grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded is larger than the preset number.
Further, the central control module determines a plurality of secondary adjustment modes for reducing the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the difference value between the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded and the preset number under the preset number condition, wherein the adjustment range of each secondary adjustment mode for reducing the heating temperature of the heating furnace is different.
Further, the central control module controls a spectrophotometer arranged at the output end of the cooler to detect the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging, calculates the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging according to the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging,
if the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging meets the preset difference condition, the central control module judges that the quality uniformity of the forging is lower than the allowable range, and the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press is secondarily adjusted;
the preset difference condition is that the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging is larger than the preset difference.
Further, the central control module determines a plurality of secondary adjustment modes for increasing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the difference between the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging piece and the preset difference under the preset difference condition, wherein the adjustment amplitude of each frequency secondary adjustment mode for increasing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press is different.
Compared with the prior art, the process has the beneficial effects that by setting the steps S1-S5, when the accuracy of forging processing is lower than the allowable range, the heating temperature of the heating furnace is primarily adjusted, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by inaccurate adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace is reduced, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by inaccurate adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is reduced by primarily adjusting the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press according to the surface roughness of the finished forging, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing stability caused by inaccurate adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is reduced, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing stability caused by inaccurate secondary adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace is reduced by secondarily adjusting the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability of the forging are improved by secondarily adjusting the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press according to the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging.
Furthermore, the process provided by the invention judges the accuracy of forging processing by setting the preset first thickness and the preset second thickness, reduces the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by inaccurate judgment of the accuracy of forging processing, and further improves the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability.
Furthermore, the process of the invention sets the preset thickness difference value, and the heating temperature of the heating furnace is primarily adjusted under the preset second thickness condition, so that the influence of the decrease of the stability of the forging processing process caused by the smaller heating temperature of the heating furnace is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability is further realized.
Furthermore, the process disclosed by the invention has the advantages that by setting the preset roughness and carrying out secondary judgment on the wear degree of the extrusion platform of the forging hydraulic press under the preset first thickness condition, the influence of the reduction of the stability of forging processing caused by inaccurate secondary judgment on the wear degree of the extrusion platform of the forging hydraulic press is reduced, and the improvement of the efficiency and the processing stability of forging processing is further realized.
Furthermore, the process of the invention sets the preset roughness difference value, and performs primary adjustment on the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press under the preset roughness condition, thereby reducing the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by the larger extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press, and further realizing the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability.
Furthermore, the process provided by the invention judges the oxidation degree of the forging piece under the primary regulation condition of the heating temperature of the heating furnace by setting the preset quantity, reduces the influence of the reduction of the forging piece processing efficiency caused by inaccurate judgment of the oxidation degree of the forging piece, and further realizes the improvement of the forging piece processing efficiency and the processing stability.
Furthermore, the process of the invention sets the preset quantity difference value, and carries out secondary adjustment on the heating temperature of the heating furnace under the preset quantity condition, thereby reducing the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by the overlarge heating temperature of the heating furnace, and further realizing the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability.
Furthermore, the process provided by the invention judges the quality uniformity of the forging piece under the primary adjustment condition of the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press by setting the preset difference, reduces the influence of the reduction of the stability of forging piece processing caused by inaccurate judgment of the quality uniformity of the forging piece, and further improves the efficiency and the processing stability of forging piece processing.
Furthermore, the process of the invention sets the preset difference value, and performs secondary adjustment on the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press under the preset difference condition, thereby reducing the influence of the reduction of the forging processing stability caused by the too small extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press, and further realizing the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of a process for machining a high strength forging in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a step S3 of a process for machining a high strength forging according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a step S4 of a process for machining a high strength forging according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a specific flowchart of step S5 of a processing process of a high strength forging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4 show an overall flowchart of a processing process of a high strength forging, a specific flowchart of step S3, a specific flowchart of step S4, and a specific flowchart of step S5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The invention discloses a processing technology of a high-strength forging piece, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, heating the forging by using a heating furnace to output the forging to be extruded;
s2, performing extrusion operation on the forging to be extruded by using a hydraulic forging press to output a semi-finished forging, and cooling the semi-finished forging by using a cooler to output a finished forging;
step S3, the central control module judges the accuracy of forging processing according to the average thickness of the finished forging, and primarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace when judging that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than an allowable range, or primarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press according to the surface roughness of the finished forging;
step S4, when the central control module completes primary adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace, the central control module secondarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded;
and S5, when the central control module completes primary adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press, the central control module secondarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging.
Specifically, the step S3 includes:
step S31, the central control module judges the accuracy of forging processing according to the average thickness of the finished forging, and carries out primary adjustment on the heating temperature of the heating furnace when judging that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than an allowable range;
and S32, primarily adjusting the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press by the central control module according to the surface roughness of the finished forging.
Specifically, the step S4 includes:
step S41, the central control module completes primary adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace;
and S42, the central control module secondarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded.
Specifically, the step S5 includes:
step S51, the central control module completes primary adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press;
and S52, the central control module secondarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging piece.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging is as follows:wherein G is the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging, G b G, the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging sampled by the b-th chromaticity sampling point is g b-1 And c, sampling the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging piece by the b-1 th chromaticity sampling point, wherein k is the number of the chromaticity sampling points, and k is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.
According to the process, through setting the steps S1-S5, when the accuracy of forging processing is lower than the allowable range, the heating temperature of the heating furnace is adjusted for the first time, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by inaccurate adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace is reduced, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by inaccurate adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is reduced through adjusting the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press for the first time according to the surface roughness of a finished forging, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing stability caused by inaccurate adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is reduced, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing stability caused by inaccurate adjustment of the second time according to the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded is reduced, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing stability caused by inaccurate adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability of the forging is realized through adjusting the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press for the second time according to the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging.
Referring to fig. 2, in step S3, the central control module controls thickness sensors disposed at the output end of the cooler to detect thicknesses of a plurality of finished forgings, calculates an average thickness of the finished forgings according to the detection results of the thickness of the forgings,
if the average thickness of the finished forging meets the preset first thickness condition and the preset second thickness condition, the central control module judges that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than the allowable range, wherein,
the central control module preliminarily judges that the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds an allowable range under the condition of the preset first thickness, and judges whether the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds the allowable range or not for the second time according to the surface roughness of the finished forging;
the central control module judges that the heating temperature of the heating furnace needs to be increased under the condition of the preset second thickness;
the preset first thickness condition is that the average thickness of the finished forging is larger than the preset first thickness and smaller than or equal to the preset second thickness; the preset second thickness condition is that the average thickness of the finished forging is larger than the preset second thickness; the preset first thickness is smaller than the preset second thickness.
Specifically, the average thickness of the finished forging is denoted as Q, the preset first thickness is denoted as Q1, the preset second thickness is denoted as Q2, the difference between the average thickness of the finished forging and the preset second thickness is denoted as Δq, and Δq=q-Q2 is set, where Q1 < Q2.
According to the process, the accuracy of forging processing is judged by setting the preset first thickness and the preset second thickness, so that the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by inaccurate judgment of the accuracy of forging processing is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability is further realized.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the calculation formula of the average thickness of the finished forging is as follows:wherein Z is the average thickness of the finished forging, xa is the thickness of the a-th finished forging, n is the number of the finished forgings, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the central control module determines, according to the difference between the average thickness of the finished forging and the preset second thickness, a plurality of adjustment manners for increasing the heating temperature of the heating furnace under the preset second thickness condition, where each adjustment manner has different adjustment ranges for increasing the heating temperature of the heating furnace.
Specifically, the first adjustment mode is that the central control module adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace to a first temperature by using a preset first temperature adjustment coefficient under the condition of presetting a first thickness difference value;
the second adjusting mode is that the central control module adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace to a second temperature by using a preset second temperature adjusting coefficient under the condition of presetting a second thickness difference value;
the preset first thickness difference condition is that the difference between the average thickness of the finished forging and the preset second thickness is smaller than or equal to the preset thickness difference; the preset second thickness difference condition is that the difference between the average thickness of the finished forging and the preset second thickness is larger than the preset thickness difference; the preset first temperature adjustment coefficient is smaller than the preset second temperature adjustment coefficient.
Specifically, the preset thickness difference is denoted as Δq0, the preset first temperature adjustment coefficient is denoted as α1, the preset second temperature adjustment coefficient is denoted as α2, the heating temperature of the heating furnace is denoted as V, where 1 < α1 < α2, the heating temperature of the heating furnace after adjustment is denoted as V ', V' =v× (1+αi)/2 is set, where αi is the preset i-th temperature adjustment coefficient, and i=1, 2 is set.
According to the process, the preset thickness difference value is set, and the heating temperature of the heating furnace is adjusted for the first time under the preset second thickness condition, so that the influence of the decrease of the stability of the forging processing process caused by the small heating temperature of the heating furnace is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the forging processing stability is further realized.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the central control module controls a roughness measuring instrument disposed at an output end of the cooler to detect the surface roughness of the finished forging under the first thickness condition,
when the surface roughness of the finished forging meets the preset roughness condition, the central control module judges that the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds the allowable range, and primarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press;
the preset roughness condition is that the surface roughness of the finished forging is larger than the preset roughness.
Specifically, the preset roughness is denoted as P1, the surface roughness of the finished forging is denoted as P, the difference between the surface roughness of the finished forging and the preset roughness is denoted as Δp, and Δp=p-P1 is set.
According to the process, the preset roughness is set, the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press is secondarily judged under the preset first thickness condition, the influence of the reduction of the stability of forging processing caused by inaccurate secondary judgment of the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press is reduced, and the improvement of the efficiency and the processing stability of forging processing is further realized.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the central control module determines, under the preset roughness condition, a plurality of adjustment modes for reducing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to a difference between the surface roughness of the finished forging and the preset roughness, wherein each adjustment mode has a different adjustment range for reducing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press.
Specifically, the first frequency adjustment mode is that the central control module adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press to a first frequency by using a preset second frequency adjustment coefficient under the condition of a preset first roughness difference value;
the second frequency adjusting mode is that the central control module adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press to a second frequency by using a preset first frequency adjusting coefficient under the condition of a preset second roughness difference value;
the preset first roughness difference condition is that the difference between the surface roughness of the finished forging and the preset roughness is smaller than or equal to the preset roughness difference; the preset second roughness difference condition is that the difference between the surface roughness of the finished forging and the preset roughness is larger than the preset roughness difference; the preset first frequency adjustment coefficient is smaller than the preset second frequency adjustment coefficient.
Specifically, the preset roughness difference is denoted as Δp0, the preset first frequency adjustment coefficient is denoted as β1, the preset second frequency adjustment coefficient is denoted as β2, the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press is denoted as H, wherein 0 < β1 < β2 < 1, the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press after adjustment is denoted as H ', H' =h× (1+2βj)/3 is set, wherein βj is the preset j-th frequency adjustment coefficient, and j=1, 2 is set.
According to the process, the preset roughness difference value is set, and the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is adjusted for the first time under the preset roughness condition, so that the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by the large extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability is further realized.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the central control module controls a vision sensor disposed at an input end of the hydraulic forging press to detect the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded,
if the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded meets the preset number condition, the central control module judges that the oxidation degree of the forging exceeds the allowable range, and the heating temperature of the heating furnace is secondarily adjusted;
the preset number of the grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded is larger than the preset number.
Specifically, the preset number is denoted as Y1, the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded is denoted as Y, the difference between the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded and the preset number is denoted as Δy, and Δy=y-Y1 is set.
According to the process, the preset quantity is set, the oxidation degree of the forging is judged under the primary regulation condition of the heating temperature of the heating furnace by the central control module, the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by inaccurate judgment of the oxidation degree of the forging is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability is further realized.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the central control module determines, under the preset number condition, a plurality of secondary adjustment modes for reducing the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to a difference between the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded and the preset number, where each secondary adjustment mode is different in adjustment range for reducing the heating temperature of the heating furnace.
Specifically, the first temperature secondary adjustment mode is that the central control module uses a preset fourth temperature secondary adjustment coefficient to secondarily adjust the heating temperature of the heating furnace to a third temperature under the condition of a preset first quantity difference value;
the second temperature secondary regulation mode is that the central control module uses a preset third temperature secondary regulation coefficient to secondarily regulate the heating temperature of the heating furnace to a fourth temperature under the condition of a preset second quantity difference value;
the preset first quantity difference condition is that the difference between the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded and the preset number is smaller than or equal to the preset quantity difference; the preset second quantity difference value condition is that the difference value between the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded and the preset number is larger than the preset quantity difference value; the preset third temperature secondary adjustment coefficient is smaller than the preset fourth temperature secondary adjustment coefficient.
Specifically, the preset number difference is denoted as Δy0, the preset third temperature secondary adjustment coefficient is denoted as α3, the preset fourth temperature secondary adjustment coefficient is denoted as α4, wherein 0 < α3 < α4 < 1, the heating temperature of the heating furnace after adjustment is denoted as V ", V" =v' × (1+αm)/2 is set, wherein αm is the preset mth temperature secondary adjustment coefficient, and m=3, 4 is set.
According to the process, the preset quantity difference value is set, and the heating temperature of the heating furnace is secondarily adjusted under the preset quantity condition, so that the influence of the reduction of the forging processing efficiency caused by the overlarge heating temperature of the heating furnace is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the processing stability is further realized.
With continued reference to fig. 4, the central control module controls a spectrophotometer at the output end of the cooler to detect the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging, calculates the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging according to the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging,
if the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging meets the preset difference condition, the central control module judges that the quality uniformity of the forging is lower than the allowable range, and the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press is secondarily adjusted;
the preset difference condition is that the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging is larger than the preset difference.
Specifically, the preset difference is denoted as R0, the difference in chromaticity of the finished forging surface is denoted as R, the difference between the difference in chromaticity of the finished forging surface and the preset difference is denoted as Δr, and Δr=r—r0 is set.
According to the process, the preset difference is set, the quality uniformity of the forging is judged under the primary adjustment condition of the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press by the central control module, the influence of the reduction of the stability of forging processing caused by inaccurate judgment of the quality uniformity of the forging is reduced, and the improvement of the efficiency and the processing stability of forging processing is further realized.
With continued reference to fig. 4, the central control module determines, according to the difference between the chromaticity difference and the preset difference on the surface of the finished forging piece, a plurality of secondary adjustment modes for increasing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press, where each secondary adjustment mode has a different adjustment range for increasing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press.
Specifically, the first frequency secondary adjustment mode is that the central control module uses a preset third frequency secondary adjustment coefficient to secondarily adjust the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press to the third frequency under the condition of presetting a first difference value;
the second frequency secondary adjustment mode is that the central control module uses a preset fourth frequency secondary adjustment coefficient to secondarily adjust the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press to a fourth frequency under the condition of presetting a second difference value;
the difference value of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging piece is smaller than or equal to the difference value of the preset difference value; the difference value of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging piece is larger than the difference value of the preset difference value; the preset third frequency secondary adjustment coefficient is smaller than the preset fourth frequency secondary adjustment coefficient.
Specifically, the preset difference is denoted as Δr0, the preset third frequency secondary adjustment coefficient is denoted as β3, the preset fourth frequency secondary adjustment coefficient is denoted as β4, wherein 1 < β3 < β4, the extrusion frequency of the adjusted forging hydraulic press is denoted as H ", H" =h' × (1+2βw)/3 is set, wherein βw is the preset w-th frequency secondary adjustment coefficient, and w=3, 4 is set.
According to the process, the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is secondarily adjusted under the preset difference value by setting the preset difference value, so that the influence of the reduction of the forging processing stability caused by the fact that the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press is too small is reduced, and the improvement of the forging processing efficiency and the forging processing stability is further realized.
Example 1
In this embodiment 1, the central control module increases the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the difference between the average thickness of the finished forging and the preset second thickness, where the preset thickness difference is denoted as Δq0, the preset first temperature adjustment coefficient is denoted as α1, the preset second temperature adjustment coefficient is denoted as α2, and the heating temperature of the heating furnace is denoted as V, where 1 < α1 < α2, α1=1.2, α2=1.4, Δq0=0.15m, and v=900 ℃.
In this embodiment 1, Δq=0.2m is obtained, the central control module determines Δq > - Δq0 and adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace to the second temperature V 'using the preset first temperature adjustment coefficient, so as to calculate V' =900× (1+1.2)/2=990 ℃.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The processing technology of the high-strength forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, heating the forging by using a heating furnace to output the forging to be extruded;
s2, performing extrusion operation on the forging to be extruded by using a hydraulic forging press to output a semi-finished forging, and cooling the semi-finished forging by using a cooler to output a finished forging;
step S3, the central control module judges the accuracy of forging processing according to the average thickness of the finished forging, and primarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace when judging that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than an allowable range, or primarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the forging hydraulic press according to the surface roughness of the finished forging;
step S4, when the central control module completes primary adjustment of the heating temperature of the heating furnace, the central control module secondarily adjusts the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded;
and S5, when the central control module completes primary adjustment of the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press, the central control module secondarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the chromaticity difference of the surface of the finished forging.
2. The process for machining high-strength forgings according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the central control module controls thickness sensors disposed at the output end of the cooler to detect thicknesses of a plurality of finished forgings respectively, calculates an average thickness of the finished forgings according to detection results of the thickness of the forgings,
if the average thickness of the finished forging meets the preset first thickness condition and the preset second thickness condition, the central control module judges that the accuracy of forging processing is lower than the allowable range, wherein,
the central control module preliminarily judges that the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds an allowable range under the condition of the preset first thickness, and judges whether the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds the allowable range or not for the second time according to the surface roughness of the finished forging;
the central control module judges that the heating temperature of the heating furnace needs to be increased under the condition of the preset second thickness;
the preset first thickness condition is that the average thickness of the finished forging is larger than the preset first thickness and smaller than or equal to the preset second thickness; the preset second thickness condition is that the average thickness of the finished forging is larger than the preset second thickness; the preset first thickness is smaller than the preset second thickness.
3. The process for machining a high-strength forging according to claim 2, wherein the average thickness of the finished forging is calculatedThe formula is:wherein Z is the average thickness of the finished forging, xa is the thickness of the a-th finished forging, n is the number of the finished forgings, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
4. A process for machining a high-strength forging according to claim 3, wherein the central control module determines a plurality of adjustment modes for increasing the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to the difference between the average thickness of the finished forging and the preset second thickness under the preset second thickness condition, wherein each adjustment mode has different adjustment ranges for increasing the heating temperature of the heating furnace.
5. The process for machining a high-strength forging according to claim 4, wherein the central control module controls a roughness measuring instrument arranged at the output end of the cooler to detect the surface roughness of the finished forging under the condition of the first thickness,
when the surface roughness of the finished forging meets the preset roughness condition, the central control module judges that the abrasion degree of the extrusion platform of the hydraulic forging press exceeds the allowable range, and primarily adjusts the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press;
the preset roughness condition is that the surface roughness of the finished forging is larger than the preset roughness.
6. The process for machining a high-strength forging according to claim 5, wherein the central control module determines a plurality of adjustment modes for reducing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the difference between the surface roughness of the finished forging and the preset roughness under the preset roughness condition, wherein each adjustment mode is different in adjustment amplitude for reducing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press.
7. The process for machining a high-strength forging according to claim 6, wherein the central control module controls a visual sensor arranged at an input end of the hydraulic forging press to detect the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded,
if the number of grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded meets the preset number condition, the central control module judges that the oxidation degree of the forging exceeds the allowable range, and the heating temperature of the heating furnace is secondarily adjusted;
the preset number of the grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded is larger than the preset number.
8. The process for machining a high-strength forging according to claim 7, wherein the central control module determines a plurality of secondary adjustment modes for reducing the heating temperature of the heating furnace according to a difference value between the number of crystal grains on the surface of the forging to be extruded and the preset number under the preset number condition, and each secondary adjustment mode is different in adjustment amplitude for reducing the heating temperature of the heating furnace.
9. The process for machining the high-strength forging according to claim 8, wherein the central control module controls a spectrophotometer arranged at the output end of the cooler to detect the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging and calculates the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging according to the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging,
if the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging meets the preset difference condition, the central control module judges that the quality uniformity of the forging is lower than the allowable range, and the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press is secondarily adjusted;
the preset difference condition is that the difference of the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging is larger than the preset difference.
10. The process for machining a high-strength forging according to claim 9, wherein the central control module determines a plurality of secondary adjustment modes for increasing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press according to the difference between the chromaticity of the surface of the finished forging and the preset difference under the preset difference condition, and each frequency secondary adjustment mode is different in adjustment range for increasing the extrusion frequency of the hydraulic forging press.
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