CN116532600A - Forging press for forging high-toughness forgings - Google Patents
Forging press for forging high-toughness forgings Download PDFInfo
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- CN116532600A CN116532600A CN202310821838.6A CN202310821838A CN116532600A CN 116532600 A CN116532600 A CN 116532600A CN 202310821838 A CN202310821838 A CN 202310821838A CN 116532600 A CN116532600 A CN 116532600A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010019345 Heat stroke Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009497 press forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010080 roll forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000304 warm extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
- B21J9/06—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal forging, in particular to a forging press for forging high-toughness forgings, which comprises an annular guide rail conveying line, wherein a pressure device is arranged on the side surface of the annular guide rail conveying line, a plurality of slag removing mechanisms are arranged at the top of the annular guide rail conveying line, each slag removing mechanism comprises two linkage rods, after the forging is finished, a second piston plate moves upwards to extrude upper-layer high-temperature gas, part of high-temperature gas is ejected through an air pipe and an air outlet hole to blow off oxide skin adhered to the inner side of a clamping plate, the oxide skin adhered to the inner side of the clamping plate is prevented from accumulating for a long time, the clamping force of the clamping plate is influenced, the clamping center of the clamping plate is also offset by the oxide skin with a certain thickness, a rod piece cannot be accurately placed in an annular shell, under the elastic action of a third spring, a T-shaped top block and the rod piece move upwards until the top of the T-shaped top block is flush with a bottom shell, and oxide slag dropping on the inner side of the annular shell is ejected by the T-shaped top block, so that the follow-up cleaning is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal forging, in particular to a forging press for forging a high-toughness forging piece.
Background
High toughness forgings refer to forged parts having good toughness and strength. Toughness refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without breaking when subjected to impact or loading. High toughness forgings are commonly used in fields with high strength and durability requirements, such as aerospace, automotive industry, petroleum and chemical industry, and the like. The manufacture of high toughness forgings typically involves process steps such as high temperature forging and heat treatment to ensure that the microstructure and mechanical properties of the material are optimized.
Forging presses can be classified into hot extrusion forging presses, roll forging presses, mechanical press forging presses, and the like. The hot extrusion forging press is widely used for producing non-ferrous metal pipes, profiles and the like such as aluminum, copper and the like, and belongs to the metallurgical industry range. Hot extrusion of steel is used to produce both special pipes and profiles and solid and cored carbon steel and alloy steel parts that are difficult to form by cold or warm extrusion, such as bars with a large head (as shown in fig. 10), and existing partial hot extrusion forging presses have certain drawbacks in the actual production process.
The strength and toughness requirements of rod pieces (such as heavy machinery, aerospace, petroleum and chemical industry) in a part of special fields are high, the rod pieces are also rod pieces with high movement frequency, oxide skin can be generated on the surface layer in the forging and pressing process, the surface layer can be adhered to a clamp, the surface layer can fall off and fall into a forging and pressing platform and a forging and pressing die, the falling oxide skin is too little and possibly influences the clamping of the clamp, the clamping difficulty is further increased, for a fully-automatic clamping device, the excessive oxide skin adhesion can cause deviation between the clamping center of the clamp and the center of an actual rod piece, the rod piece cannot be accurately placed into the die, the follow-up forging and pressing work is further influenced, the oxide skin falling into the die can influence the depth of the die, the machining effect of the follow-up rod piece is further influenced, and the manufacturing of the high-toughness forging generally involves the technological steps such as high-temperature forging and heat treatment, so as to ensure that the microstructure and mechanical property of materials are optimized; the oxide skin in the forging process can have a certain influence on the performance and quality of the forging piece: uneven color and roughness can be imparted to the forging surface, and the oxide scale typically has poor corrosion resistance, particularly in humid or corrosive environments, which can lead to corrosion of the forging surface, thereby affecting its durability and service life. The forging size is increased and may have an impact on dimensional accuracy and geometry. Finally, the product cannot meet the forging requirements of high strength, good toughness and fatigue resistance, the staff removes the oxide skin through surface treatment, the labor intensity is increased, the working efficiency is also reduced, and the die belongs to a concave type die, so that the oxide skin in the die is more difficult to process.
Disclosure of Invention
To above-mentioned problem, this application provides a forging press for forging of high toughness forging, solves the problem of the inconvenient clearance of oxidation slag in the current partial forging press mould and needs the closely operation of staff, and then has the problem of high temperature heatstroke risk:
the forging press for forging the high-toughness forge piece comprises an annular guide rail conveying line, wherein a pressure device is arranged on the side surface of the annular guide rail conveying line, and a plurality of slag removal mechanisms are arranged at the top of the annular guide rail conveying line;
the slag removal mechanism comprises two linkage rods, the two linkage rods are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the telescopic end of the pressure device in a staggered manner, a bottom shell is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the pressure device, an annular shell is fixedly arranged at the top of the inner side of the bottom shell, a T-shaped ejector block is slidably arranged at the inner side of the annular shell, and a U-shaped rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the T-shaped ejector block;
the slag removal mechanism further comprises two clamping plates, the two clamping plates are symmetrically arranged above the bottom shell, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in one side, close to each other, of the clamping plates, a folding rod is fixedly arranged at the end portion of the clamping plates, one end, far away from the clamping plates, of each folding rod is hinged with a connecting rod, one ends, far away from the clamping plates, of the two connecting rods are hinged with square blocks together, a first piston plate is fixedly arranged on one side, close to the clamping plates, of each square block through a cylinder, an L-shaped shell is movably arranged on the outer side of each first piston plate, the first piston plate is located a horizontal section of the L-shaped shell, a second piston plate is slidably arranged in the vertical section of the L-shaped shell, a third sliding rod is fixedly arranged at the top of each second piston plate, an air outlet one-way valve and an air inlet one-way valve are fixedly arranged at the top of the L-shaped shell, a cleaning rod is arranged on the outer side of each square block, a T-shaped rod is rotatably arranged at the top of each folding rod, and the end portion of each T-shaped rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the L-shaped shell.
Furthermore, the end part of the linkage rod penetrates through the first sliding rod in a sliding manner, a circular plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first sliding rod, a first spring is fixedly arranged between the circular plate and the linkage rod, and the periphery of the first sliding rod is movably sleeved with the first spring.
Further, fixed plate is fixed mounting in the middle part of the drain pan, and drain pan one side runs through and has offered the reservation groove with U type pole matched with, and U type pole runs through sliding connection mutually with the fixed plate, and fixed mounting has a plurality of third springs between T type kicking block and the drain pan inboard top.
Further, one side of square piece far away from splint fixed mounting has the second slide bar, and the one end that square piece was kept away from to the second slide bar runs through slidable mounting and has the riser, and riser bottom fixed mounting has the bottom plate, and bottom plate fixed mounting is at annular guide rail transfer chain top.
Further, clearance pole fixed mounting is at the bottom plate top, and L type casing bottom is through cylinder fixed mounting at the bottom plate top, is linked together through the trachea between air outlet check valve and the venthole, and the air inlet check valve is linked together through trachea and external high temperature gas.
Further, a second spring is fixedly arranged between the square block and the vertical plate, and the second spring is movably sleeved on the periphery of the second sliding rod.
Further, the outside of the L-shaped shell is fixedly provided with a supporting frame through a cylinder, the middle part of the supporting frame is obliquely and fixedly provided with a plurality of spray heads, the middle part of the supporting frame is penetrated and provided with a mounting groove matched with the spray heads, and the spray heads are communicated with the air outlet one-way valve through hoses.
Further, two sliding plates are symmetrically and slidably arranged on the outer side of the support frame, a plurality of T-shaped sliding rods are arranged at the top of each sliding plate, sliding grooves which are slidably clamped with the T-shaped sliding rods are formed in the bottoms of the T-shaped sliding rods, and the end parts of the sliding plates are slidably clamped with the folding rods.
Further, the sliding plate side fixed mounting has L type pole, and two L type poles are crisscross to be installed, and L type pole middle part runs through and installs the groove of stepping down, and the hose movable mounting between shower nozzle and the check valve of giving vent to anger is at two groove middle parts of stepping down.
Further, electric telescopic rods are fixedly arranged at the tops of the annular guide rail conveying lines.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The forging press for forging the high-toughness forge piece uses the clamping plates, workers in the prior art are close to a heat source (a high-temperature rod piece) and are not suitable for long-term work, the clamping plates are used, the clamping plates are driven to automatically clamp and contact the rod piece by means of up-and-down movement of the telescopic end of the forging mechanism, the workers only need to place the rod piece to be machined in the clamping plates in a long distance, the distance between the workers and the heat source is prolonged, and the working comfort of the workers is improved.
(2) According to the forging press for forging the high-toughness forge piece, the deoxidization slag mechanism is used, after forging is finished, the second piston plate moves upwards to extrude upper-layer high-temperature gas, part of the high-temperature gas is sprayed out through the air pipe and the air outlet hole to blow off the oxide skin adhered to the inner side of the clamping plate, so that the oxide skin adhered to the inner side of the clamping plate is prevented from being accumulated for a long time, the clamping force of the clamping plate is influenced, the clamping center of the clamping plate is also offset by the oxide skin with a certain thickness, and a rod piece cannot be accurately placed in the annular shell, so that the dimensional precision and the geometric shape of a product are possibly influenced;
under the elastic force of the third spring, the T-shaped ejector block and the rod piece move upwards until the top of the T-shaped ejector block is flush with the bottom shell, the oxidizing slag falling on the inner side of the annular shell is ejected by the T-shaped ejector block, subsequent cleaning is facilitated, in the rising process of the rod piece, the air outlet holes are continuously provided with hot air to blow the rod piece from top to bottom, the surface layer of the rod piece is subjected to blowing treatment, the oxidizing slag is blown off, the oxidizing slag is prevented from falling in the subsequent transferring process, the oxidizing slag is dispersed and is not easy to clean, meanwhile, the falling of the oxide skin is facilitated, and staff can observe whether the rod piece after forging has flaws such as cracks or not.
(3) According to the forging press for forging the high-toughness forging piece, the sliding plate mechanism is used, after forging is finished, the folding rods rotate to pull the sliding plates, so that the two sliding plates are far away from each other, the number of the blocked spray heads is gradually reduced, the spray heads positioned in the middle are exposed out first, the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device is sprayed to the right, along with the rising of the telescopic end of the pressure device, the spray points of the spray heads approach the middle of the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device, the width to be sprayed is wider and wider, along with the rising of the telescopic end of the pressure device, the number of the blocked spray heads is gradually reduced, namely the spray widths of the spray heads are wider and wider, reasonable spraying of high-temperature gas is realized, when all the spray heads are exposed out, the spray positions just reach the middle position of the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device, the rising height of the telescopic end of the pressure device is higher, the speed of the sprayed gas reaches the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device is lower, the cleaning effect is poor, the two sliding plates are far away from each other, the L-shaped rods are driven to be far away from each other, the positioning grooves are further away from each other, the extrusion of the hose is finally realized, the spray of the spray heads is suspended, and the residual gas in the L-shaped shell is enabled to have a certain heat preservation effect to be blown to the rod through the rod.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a forging press for forging a high-toughness forging piece;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a slag removal mechanism of a forging press for forging high-toughness forgings, which is provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 at D;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slag removal mechanism of the forging press for forging high-toughness forgings;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 5;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a supporting frame structure of a forging press for forging a high-toughness forging piece provided by the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a bottom shell of the forging press for forging high-toughness forgings provided by the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a large-head rod in the prior art.
In the figure: 1. a pressure device; 2. an annular guide rail conveying line; 3. an electric telescopic rod; 4. a slag removal mechanism; 41. a linkage rod; 42. a first slide bar; 43. a circular plate; 44. a first spring; 45. a bottom plate; 46. a vertical plate; 47. a second slide bar; 48. a second spring; 49. square blocks; 410. a connecting rod; 411. a folding rod; 412. a clamping plate; 413. a T-shaped rod; 414. an air outlet hole; 415. an L-shaped housing; 416. a first piston plate; 417. a second piston plate; 418. a third slide bar; 419. an air outlet one-way valve; 420. an air inlet one-way valve; 421. a support frame; 422. a spray head; 423. a sliding plate; 424. an L-shaped rod; 425. a relief groove; 426. a T-shaped slide bar; 427. a bottom case; 428. a fixing plate; 429. a U-shaped rod; 430. a reserved groove; 431. a T-shaped top block; 432. a third spring; 433. an annular housing; 434. cleaning the rod.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be briefly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these examples is for aiding in understanding the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
First embodiment: as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the embodiment of the invention provides a forging press for forging high-toughness forgings, which comprises a circular guide rail conveying line 2, wherein the surface of a chain link block of the circular guide rail conveying line 2 is precisely machined, and a mounting hole and a positioning hole are machined, so that parts can be conveniently mounted on the circular guide rail conveying line, parts placed on the top of the circular guide rail conveying line can be driven to move circumferentially, the circular guide rail conveying line is a mature prior art, and a pressure device 1 is mounted on the side surface of the circular guide rail conveying line 2 and is used for forging rod pieces, and a plurality of deoxidization slag mechanisms 4 are mounted on the top of the circular guide rail conveying line 2;
the deoxidization slag mechanism 4 comprises two linkage rods 41, wherein the two linkage rods 41 are fixedly arranged at the outer side of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 in a staggered manner, a bottom shell 427 is fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the pressure device 1, an annular shell 433 is fixedly arranged at the inner top of the bottom shell 427 and used for wrapping a rod piece in the pressure device, the lower middle part of the rod piece is prevented from deforming, a T-shaped top block 431 is slidably arranged at the inner side of the annular shell 433 and used for upwards moving oxidizing slag falling on the inner side of the annular shell 433, cleaning is convenient, a U-shaped rod 429 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the T-shaped top block 431 and used for linking the T-shaped top block 431 and the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, a fixing plate 428 is fixedly arranged at the middle part of the bottom shell 427 and used as a rigid support of the T-shaped top block 431;
the oxidation slag removing mechanism 4 further comprises two clamping plates 412 for clamping the rod piece, the two clamping plates 412 are symmetrically arranged above the bottom shell 427, a plurality of air outlet holes 414 are formed on one side, close to each other, of the clamping plates 412 for cleaning oxidation slag adhered to the inner side of the clamping plates 412, the cleanness of the clamping plates 412 is ensured so as to ensure the clamping stability of the clamping plates, the end part of each clamping plate 412 is fixedly provided with a folding rod 411, one end, far away from the clamping plates 412, of each folding rod 411 is hinged with a connecting rod 410, one end, far away from the clamping plates 412, of each connecting rod 410 is jointly hinged with a square block 49, the connecting rods 410 and the folding rods 411 are matched, so that the linear motion of the square blocks 49 is converted into the rotary motion of the clamping plates 412, the clamping and the clamping release of the rod piece are realized, one side, close to the clamping plates 412, of the square blocks 49 is fixedly provided with a first piston plate 416 through a cylinder, the outer side of the first piston plate 416 is movably provided with an L-shaped shell 415, the first piston plate 416 is located at the horizontal section of the L-shaped housing 415, the second piston plate 417 is slidingly installed in the vertical section of the L-shaped housing 415, the first piston plate 416 and the second piston plate 417 transfer energy through gas between the first piston plate 416 and the second piston plate, when one of the first piston plate 416 and the second piston plate moves to enable the gas between the first piston plate and the second piston plate to be compressed, the other piston plate moves under the pushing of the gas, the third sliding rod 418 is fixedly installed at the top of the second piston plate 417, the air outlet one-way valve 419 and the air inlet one-way valve 420 are fixedly installed at the top of the L-shaped housing 415, the cleaning rod 434 is installed at the outer side of the square block 49 and used for cleaning oxide slag at the top of the bottom shell 427, the T-shaped rod 413 is rotatably installed at the top of the L-shaped housing 415, and the end part of the T-shaped rod 413 is fixedly installed at the outer side of the L-shaped housing 415, and the position where the T-shaped rod 413 is connected with the T-shaped rod 411 is the rotation center of the folding rod 411.
In this embodiment, the operator activates the pressure device 1, the telescoping end of the pressure device 1 is extended, and the two circular plates 43 move downward simultaneously to contact the third slide bar 418 and the U-shaped bar 429.
As shown in fig. 5, the third sliding rod 418 moves down under the extrusion of the circular plate 43, at this time, the air outlet check valve 419 is closed, the air inlet check valve 420 is opened, the third sliding rod 418 moves down to drive the second piston plate 417 to move down, external high-temperature gas enters the L-shaped housing 415 from the air inlet check valve 420, and then the gas inside the L-shaped housing 415 is extruded, so as to push the first piston plate 416 to move left, the first piston plate 416 drives the square block 49 and the second sliding rod 47 to move synchronously through the cylinder, the square block 49 moves left, and then drives the two clamping plates 412 to move away from each other through the folding rod 411, so that the rod piece is not clamped, and the space between the two clamping plates 412 after complete separation is larger than the outer dimension of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, namely the forging operation of the telescopic end of the subsequent pressure device 1 is not affected. In step, as shown in fig. 9, the U-shaped rod 429 moves downward under the extrusion of the circular plate 43, so as to drive the T-shaped top block 431 to move downward, and the rod member slides downward along the annular housing 433 until the bottom of the T-shaped top block 431 contacts with the fixing plate 428, so that the bottom of the rod member has a rigid support, and the forging operation of the top of the subsequent rod member is ensured to be relatively stable.
Specifically, the end of the linkage rod 41 is provided with a first sliding rod 42 in a penetrating and sliding manner, a circular plate 43 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first sliding rod 42, the first sliding rod 42 is used for limiting the movement track of the circular plate 43, a first spring 44 is fixedly arranged between the circular plate 43 and the linkage rod 41, and the first spring 44 is movably sleeved on the periphery of the first sliding rod 42.
In this embodiment, when the circular plate 43 is rigidly blocked, the movement of the circular plate 43 is stopped, the distance between the link lever 41 and the circular plate 43 is reduced, the first spring 44 is compressed, and when the distance between the link lever 41 and the circular plate 43 is enlarged, the circular plate 43 is driven by the first spring 44 to restore the distance between the link lever 41 and the circular plate 43.
Specifically, a reserved groove 430 that is matched with the U-shaped rod 429 is formed in one side of the bottom shell 427 in a penetrating manner, the U-shaped rod 429 is connected with the fixing plate 428 in a penetrating and sliding manner, and a plurality of third springs 432 are fixedly installed between the T-shaped top block 431 and the top of the inner side of the bottom shell 427 and used for resetting the T-shaped top block 431.
In this embodiment, after the forging and pressing, as shown in fig. 5, the square block 49 drives the first piston plate 416 to move rightward through the cylinder, so that the second piston plate 417 moves upward, the upper layer high temperature gas is extruded, part of the high temperature gas is ejected out through the air pipe and the air outlet 414, the oxide skin adhered to the inner side of the clamping plate 412 is blown off, the square block 49 moves to drive the connecting rod 410 to move rightward, and then the two clamping plates 412 are driven to approach each other through the folding rod 411, so as to clamp the rod. As shown in fig. 9, under the action of the elastic force of the third spring 432, the T-shaped top block 431 and the rod move upwards until the top of the T-shaped top block 431 is flush with the bottom shell 427, so that the oxidizing slag falling on the inner side of the annular shell 433 is ejected out by the T-shaped top block 431, the subsequent cleaning is convenient, in the rising process of the rod, the air outlet hole 414 is continuously provided with hot air to blow the rod from top to bottom, the surface layer of the rod is subjected to blowing treatment, the oxidizing slag is blown off, the falling in the subsequent transferring process is prevented, the dispersing is relatively easy, the cleaning is difficult, and meanwhile, the falling of the oxide skin is convenient, and the staff can observe whether the rod after forging has flaws such as cracks or not.
Second embodiment: the difference from the above embodiment is that, a second sliding rod 47 is fixedly installed on one side of the square block 49 away from the clamping plate 412, so as to limit the movement track of the square block 49, one end of the second sliding rod 47 away from the square block 49 penetrates through and is slidably installed with a vertical plate 46, a bottom plate 45 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the vertical plate 46, and the bottom plate 45 is fixedly installed on the top of the annular guide rail conveying line 2.
Specifically, a second spring 48 is fixedly installed between the square block 49 and the vertical plate 46, and is used for resetting the square block 49 and the second sliding rod 47, the second spring 48 is movably sleeved on the periphery of the second sliding rod 47, and the elastic coefficient of the first spring 44 is far greater than that of the second spring 48 and the third spring 432.
Specifically, the cleaning rod 434 is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom plate 45, the bottom of the L-shaped shell 415 is fixedly installed at the top of the bottom plate 45 through a cylinder, the air outlet check valve 419 is communicated with the air outlet hole 414 through an air pipe, the air inlet check valve 420 is communicated with external high-temperature air through the air pipe, the high-temperature air can blow off adhered oxide slag, the heat preservation effect can be achieved on the rod piece, and the cooling speed of the rod piece is reduced.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, external high-temperature gas enters the L-shaped housing 415 from the air inlet check valve 420, and then the gas inside the L-shaped housing 415 is extruded, so as to push the first piston plate 416 to move leftwards, the first piston plate 416 drives the square block 49 and the second slide rod 47 to synchronously move through the cylinder, the second spring 48 is extruded, the square block 49 moves to drive the connecting rod 410 to move leftwards, and then the two clamping plates 412 are driven to move away from each other through the folding rod 411, so that the rod is not clamped any more.
After the forging is finished, the second spring 48 drives the square block 49 to move rightwards, and the square block 49 drives the first piston plate 416 to move rightwards through the cylinder.
The third embodiment is different from the above embodiment in that a support frame 421 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the L-shaped housing 415 through a cylinder, a plurality of spray nozzles 422 are obliquely and fixedly mounted in the middle of the support frame 421, and are used for spraying hot air to the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, so that oxide slag adhered to the bottom of the pressure device is cleaned, the influence on the subsequent forging and pressing work is prevented, a mounting groove matched with the spray nozzles 422 is formed in the middle of the support frame 421 in a penetrating manner, and the spray nozzles 422 are communicated with the air outlet one-way valve 419 through a hose.
Specifically, two sliding plates 423 are symmetrically and slidably mounted on the outer side of the supporting frame 421 and used for shielding the spray head 422, a plurality of T-shaped sliding rods 426 are mounted on the top of the sliding plates 423, sliding grooves which are slidably clamped with the T-shaped sliding rods 426 are formed in the bottoms of the T-shaped sliding rods 413, and the end portions of the sliding plates 423 are slidably clamped with the folding rods 411.
In this embodiment, during forging, the folding rod 411 rotates to press the sliding plates 423, so that the two sliding plates 423 are close to each other to shield the nozzle 422.
After forging and pressing are finished, as shown in fig. 5, the square block 49 moves to drive the connecting rod 410 to move rightwards, and then the two clamping plates 412 are driven to be close to each other through the folding rod 411 to clamp the rod piece, the folding rod 411 rotates to pull the sliding plates 423, so that the two sliding plates 423 are far away from each other, the number of the blocked spray heads 422 is gradually reduced, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, the spray heads 422 positioned in the middle are exposed first, the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is sprayed at the right position, along with the rising of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, the spraying point of the spray heads 422 approaches the middle of the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, the width to be sprayed is wider, along with the rising of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, the number of the blocked spray heads 422 is gradually reduced, namely the spraying width of the spray heads 422 is wider, and reasonable spraying of high-temperature gas is realized.
Specifically, the side of the sliding plate 423 is fixedly provided with an L-shaped rod 424, the two L-shaped rods 424 are installed in a staggered manner, the middle part of the L-shaped rod 424 is provided with a relief groove 425 in a penetrating manner, and a hose between the nozzle 422 and the air outlet one-way valve 419 is movably installed in the middle part of the two relief grooves 425.
In this embodiment, after forging and pressing, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, when all the spray heads 422 are fully exposed, the spraying position just reaches the middle position of the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, the lifting height of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is higher, the speed of the sprayed gas reaching the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is lower, the cleaning effect is poor, the two sliding plates 423 are far away from each other to drive the L-shaped rods 424 to be far away from each other, the yielding grooves 425 are further driven to be far away from each other, and finally extrusion of the hose is realized, namely, spraying of the spray heads 422 is stopped, so that residual gas in the L-shaped shell 415 is blown to the rod through the air outlet 414, and a certain heat preservation effect is provided for the rod.
Fourth embodiment the difference from the above embodiment is that the electric telescopic rod 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the annular guide rail conveying line 2.
In this embodiment, the annular guide rail conveying line 2 rotates to drive the rod after forging and pressing to move the rod to be processed to the processing position, and simultaneously drives the cleaning rod 434 to clean the oxidizing slag at the top of the bottom shell 427, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 3 can be extended, and then the third sliding rod 418 is driven to move downwards, the rod after processing is taken down, the rod is replaced to be processed, and the principle is the same as that of the circular plate 43 extruding the third sliding rod 418 to move downwards, and the description is omitted.
The specific working mode is as follows: the worker starts the pressure device 1, the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is extended, and the two circular plates 43 synchronously move downwards to contact the third sliding rod 418 and the U-shaped rod 429.
As shown in fig. 5, the third sliding rod 418 moves down under the extrusion of the circular plate 43, at this time, the air outlet check valve 419 is closed, the air inlet check valve 420 is opened, the third sliding rod 418 moves down to drive the second piston plate 417 to move down, external high-temperature air enters the L-shaped housing 415 from the air inlet check valve 420, and then the air inside the L-shaped housing 415 is extruded, so as to push the first piston plate 416 to move left, the first piston plate 416 drives the square block 49 and the second sliding rod 47 to synchronously move through the cylinder, the second spring 48 is extruded, the square block 49 moves to drive the connecting rod 410 to move left, and then the folded rod 411 drives the two clamping plates 412 to move away from each other, so that the rod piece is not clamped any more, the space between the two clamping plates 412 after complete separation is larger than the outer dimension of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, that is not influenced by the forging operation of the telescopic end of the subsequent pressure device 1, the folded rod 411 rotates the extrusion sliding plate 423, so that the two sliding plates 423 are close to each other, and the spray head 422 is blocked.
In step, as shown in fig. 9, the U-shaped rod 429 moves downward under the extrusion of the circular plate 43, drives the T-shaped top block 431 to move downward, and the third spring 432 is stretched, so that the rod member slides downward along the annular housing 433 until the bottom of the T-shaped top block 431 contacts with the fixing plate 428, so that the bottom of the rod member has a rigid support, and the forging operation of the top of the subsequent rod member is ensured to be stable.
The telescopic end of the pressure device 1 continues to extend the forging rod, but the third sliding rod 418 and the U-shaped rod 429 do not move downwards any more, namely the circular plate 43 does not move downwards any more, the first spring 44 is compressed, and the third sliding rod 418 and the U-shaped rod 429 are protected, so that the third sliding rod 418 and the U-shaped rod 429 are prevented from being damaged by huge downward pressure.
After the forging and pressing are finished, the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is shortened and reset, and the first spring 44 is restored to the original length and then drives the circular plate 43 to move upwards.
As shown in fig. 5, at this time, the air outlet check valve 419 is opened, the air inlet check valve 420 is closed, the second spring 48 drives the square block 49 to move rightwards, the square block 49 drives the first piston plate 416 to move rightwards through the cylinder, further, the second piston plate 417 moves upwards, the upper layer high temperature gas is extruded, part of the high temperature gas is ejected through the air pipe and the air outlet hole 414, the oxide skin adhered to the inner side of the clamping plate 412 is blown off, the square block 49 moves to drive the connecting rod 410 to move rightwards, further, the two clamping plates 412 are driven by the folding rod 411 to approach each other, the rod is clamped, the folding rod 411 rotates to pull the sliding plates 423, the two sliding plates 423 are separated from each other, the number of the blocked spray heads 422 is gradually reduced, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, the spray heads 422 positioned in the middle are firstly exposed, the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is blown off at the right position, along with the rising of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, the spraying point of the spraying nozzle 422 approaches to the middle of the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, the spraying width to be sprayed is wider and wider, the number of the blocked spraying nozzles 422 is gradually reduced along with the rising of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, namely, the spraying width of the spraying nozzle 422 is wider and wider, the reasonable spraying of high-temperature gas is realized, when all the spraying nozzles 422 are exposed, the spraying position just reaches the middle position of the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1, the rising height of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is higher, the speed of the sprayed gas reaching the bottom of the telescopic end of the pressure device 1 is lower, the cleaning effect is poor, the two sliding plates 423 are far away from each other to drive the L-shaped rods 424 to be far away from each other to drive the abdicating grooves 425 to be far away from each other, the extrusion of a hose is finally realized, namely, the spraying of the spraying nozzle 422 is stopped, the residual gas in the L-shaped shell 415 is blown to a rod piece through the air outlet 414, has a certain heat preservation effect on the rod piece.
As shown in fig. 9, under the action of the elastic force of the third spring 432, the T-shaped top block 431 and the rod move upwards until the top of the T-shaped top block 431 is flush with the bottom shell 427, so that the oxidizing slag falling on the inner side of the annular shell 433 is ejected out by the T-shaped top block 431, the subsequent cleaning is convenient, in the rising process of the rod, the air outlet hole 414 is continuously provided with hot air to blow the rod from top to bottom, the surface layer of the rod is subjected to blowing treatment, the oxidizing slag is blown off, the falling in the subsequent transferring process is prevented, the dispersing is relatively easy, the cleaning is difficult, and meanwhile, the falling of the oxide skin is convenient, and the staff can observe whether the rod after forging has flaws such as cracks or not.
The annular guide rail conveying line 2 rotates to drive the rod after forging and pressing to move the rod to be processed to a processing position, meanwhile, the cleaning rod 434 is driven to clean oxidizing slag at the top of the bottom shell 427, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 3 can be extended, the third sliding rod 418 is driven to move downwards, the rod after processing is taken down, the rod is replaced to be processed, and the principle is the same as that of the circular plate 43 extruding the third sliding rod 418 to move downwards, and the description is omitted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a forging press is used in forging of high toughness forging, includes annular guide rail transfer chain (2), its characterized in that: the side of the annular guide rail conveying line (2) is provided with a pressure device (1), and the top of the annular guide rail conveying line (2) is provided with a plurality of slag removal mechanisms (4);
the slag removal mechanism (4) comprises two linkage rods (41), the two linkage rods (41) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the telescopic end of the pressure device (1) in a staggered mode, a bottom shell (427) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the pressure device (1), an annular shell (433) is fixedly arranged at the top of the inner side of the bottom shell (427), a T-shaped top block (431) is slidably arranged at the inner side of the annular shell (433), and a U-shaped rod (429) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the T-shaped top block (431);
the slag removal mechanism (4) further comprises two clamping plates (412), the two clamping plates (412) are symmetrically arranged above the bottom shell (427), a plurality of air outlet holes (414) are formed in the clamping plates (412) on one side close to each other, a folding type rod (411) is fixedly arranged at the end of each clamping plate (412), a connecting rod (410) is hinged to one end of each folding type rod (411) far away from the clamping plates (412), square blocks (49) are jointly hinged to one ends of the two connecting rods (410) far away from the clamping plates (412), a first piston plate (416) is fixedly arranged on one side of each square block (49) close to the clamping plates (412) through a cylinder, an L-shaped shell (415) is movably arranged on the outer side of each first piston plate (416), a second piston plate (417) is arranged on the horizontal section of each L-shaped shell (415), a third sliding rod (418) is fixedly arranged on the top of each L-shaped shell (415), a square one-way valve (419) and an air inlet one-way valve (420) are fixedly arranged on the top of each L-shaped shell (415), a cleaning block (49) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of each cleaning block (434), and the cleaning block (434) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of each L-shaped shell (413).
2. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 1, wherein: the end part of the linkage rod (41) is provided with a first sliding rod (42) in a penetrating and sliding manner, the bottom of the first sliding rod (42) is fixedly provided with a circular plate (43), a first spring (44) is fixedly arranged between the circular plate (43) and the linkage rod (41), and the first spring (44) is movably sleeved on the periphery of the first sliding rod (42).
3. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 2, wherein: the middle part of the bottom shell (427) is fixedly provided with a fixing plate (428), one side of the bottom shell (427) is provided with a reserved groove (430) which is matched with a U-shaped rod (429) in a penetrating and sliding mode, the U-shaped rod (429) is connected with the fixing plate (428) in a penetrating and sliding mode, and a plurality of third springs (432) are fixedly arranged between the T-shaped top block (431) and the top of the inner side of the bottom shell (427).
4. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 3, wherein: one side of square piece (49) keeping away from splint (412) fixed mounting has second slide bar (47), and one end that square piece (49) were kept away from to second slide bar (47) runs through slidable mounting has riser (46), and riser (46) bottom fixed mounting has bottom plate (45), and bottom plate (45) fixed mounting is at annular guide rail transfer chain (2) top.
5. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 4, wherein: the cleaning rod (434) is fixedly arranged at the top of the bottom plate (45), the bottom of the L-shaped shell (415) is fixedly arranged at the top of the bottom plate (45) through a cylinder, the air outlet one-way valve (419) is communicated with the air outlet hole (414) through an air pipe, and the air inlet one-way valve (420) is communicated with external high-temperature air through the air pipe.
6. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 4, wherein: a second spring (48) is fixedly arranged between the square block (49) and the vertical plate (46), and the second spring (48) is movably sleeved on the periphery of the second sliding rod (47).
7. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 4, wherein: the L-shaped shell (415) is fixedly provided with a support frame (421) through a cylinder, the middle part of the support frame (421) is obliquely and fixedly provided with a plurality of spray heads (422), the middle part of the support frame (421) is penetrated and provided with a mounting groove matched with the spray heads (422), and the spray heads (422) are communicated with an air outlet one-way valve (419) through a hose.
8. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 7, wherein: two sliding plates (423) are symmetrically and slidably arranged on the outer side of the supporting frame (421), a plurality of T-shaped sliding rods (426) are arranged on the top of each sliding plate (423), sliding grooves which are slidably clamped with the T-shaped sliding rods (426) are formed in the bottoms of the T-shaped sliding rods (413), and the end parts of the sliding plates (423) are slidably clamped with the folding rods (411).
9. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 8, wherein: the side of the sliding plate (423) is fixedly provided with L-shaped rods (424), the two L-shaped rods (424) are installed in a staggered mode, the middle of each L-shaped rod (424) is provided with a yielding groove (425) in a penetrating mode, and a hose between the spray head (422) and the air outlet one-way valve (419) is movably installed in the middle of each yielding groove (425).
10. A forging press for forging a high-toughness forging as recited in claim 4, wherein: an electric telescopic rod (3) is fixedly arranged at the top of the annular guide rail conveying line (2).
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| CN202310821838.6A CN116532600B (en) | 2023-07-06 | 2023-07-06 | Forging press for forging high-toughness forgings |
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| CN116532600B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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