CN1170556A - Eating implements made of high-performance thermoplastics - Google Patents
Eating implements made of high-performance thermoplastics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1170556A CN1170556A CN 97113565 CN97113565A CN1170556A CN 1170556 A CN1170556 A CN 1170556A CN 97113565 CN97113565 CN 97113565 CN 97113565 A CN97113565 A CN 97113565A CN 1170556 A CN1170556 A CN 1170556A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tableware
- performance thermoplastics
- weight
- poly
- arylene ether
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920006258 high performance thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- -1 poly (arylene ether Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 48
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920004748 ULTEM® 1010 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical group O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000014860 sensory perception of taste Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000221013 Viscum album Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical group CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical class [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006097 Ultramide® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004816 dichlorobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVTWBMUAJHVAIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,4-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CCCO QVTWBMUAJHVAIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008960 ketchup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-IDEBNGHGSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)[13C]1=[13CH][13CH]=[13CH][13CH]=[13CH]1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-IDEBNGHGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019615 sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003504 terephthalic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004415 thermoplastic moulding composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc ferrite Chemical compound O=[Zn].O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G21/00—Table-ware
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/20—Polysulfones
- C08G75/23—Polyethersulfones
Abstract
The present invention provides table cutlery made from a composition containing a high-performance thermoplastic (A) and the process for producing the cutlery.
Description
The present invention relates to the tableware made by the composition that comprises high-performance thermoplastics (A).If desired, these tablewares can laser engravings or decorative pattern are provided.
In addition, the present invention relates to produce the method for these tablewares, if desired, these tablewares can provide decorative pattern, for example the engraving flower.
In Asian countries, the centuries eats food with chopsticks.These chopsticks are preferably made with timber.Yet in order to conserve forests, the use of several years timber reduces day by day in some countries.
Therefore, synthetic material, for example thermosetting plastics or styrene polymer have used some years.Yet these materials have shortcoming, and when promptly reusing by the postorder cleaning, they can become fragile and have no attraction, and are therefore very fast replaced.
Remove in addition, the use of the chopsticks that are made of metal is restricted, and they are heavier, compare with those chopsticks made from timber, have different sensations.In addition, Metal chopsticks has adverse effect to the sense of taste.For this reason, the use of these chopsticks only obtains the limited approval of user.
In western countries' several years, tableware, for example the use of the cutter made of plastics, fork, spoon has also reached considerable degree.Yet up to now, plastic tableware has the same shortcoming of the above-mentioned chopsticks that are made of plastics.
Know, perhaps to also have thermoplastic can be used for kitchen utensils based on the composition of polyether sulfone from EP-B-0127852.For satisfying instructions for use, the hear resistance of the kitchen utensils that this patent lay special stress on is made by thermoplastic, repeated use and the performance of cleaning easily.The possibility that in this publication, does not have the described kitchen utensils engraving of described article.
In addition, medical cup and the surgery forceps that is made by the composition based on polysulfones or polyether sulfone is known.Yet, the requirement of these medical articles is different from requirement to tableware very much.Thereby, for example, in this application, do not consider to resemble the such sensory quality of sense of taste neutrality (taste neutrality) (referring to " Ultrason in der Medizintechnik ", Kunst stoffe 83 (1993) .P.622-625).
People know that also when the thermoplastic moulding compositions was used for the present invention with the preparation tableware, it generally can be carved with decorative pattern, for example adopts the high-energy radiation carving.Thereby for example DE-A-4416129 relates to this moulding compositions of use and prepares the moulded products that can adopt the high-energy radiation carving, but and the method for preparing the moulded products of this carving.Engraving process based on the moulded products of the mixture of thermosetting or thermoplastic polymer or these polymer itself is the theme of DE-A-19531490.5.
According to above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide tableware, chopsticks especially, it has been avoided used so far plastic tableware or has not been the shortcoming of the tableware made by timber.Therefore the purpose of this invention is to provide lightweight and tableware sense of taste neutrality, this tableware should have the pleasant sensory property that is suitable for the user, and can clean repeatedly, wash, if be fit to the available heat wet sterilization.In addition, this tableware should have and is suitable for using repeatedly necessary mechanical strength and enough elasticity, with avoid use and/or cleaning during damaged.Remove in addition, the production that they should be simple, quick and cheap preferably by injection molding production, and is callable.Used material should make the tableware that obtains or provide decorative pattern (stamp) with laser engraving.
We find that purpose of the present invention can be finished as the desired tableware of claim 1 by adopting, and this tableware is to be made by the composition that comprises high-performance thermoplastics (A).The embodiment of preferred these tablewares is described in the dependent claims.
Term used herein " tableware " is meant cutter, fork, spoon, but especially is mainly used in the chopsticks in Asia.
Above-mentioned composition comprises high-performance thermoplastics (A).Suitable high-performance thermoplastics can find in for example Kunsts toff-Taschenbuch (being edited by Saechtling) (1989 publish), has wherein also narrated supplier.The method for preparing this high-performance thermoplastics is well known to those skilled in the art.Describe the plastics of some preferred types below in detail.1, poly (arylene ether)
The used poly (arylene ether) of the present invention comprises repetitive I:
Wherein t and q can respectively do for oneself 0,1,2 or 3, and T, Q and Z can be identical independently of one another or inequality.They can be chemical bonds or be selected from separately-O-,-SO
2-,-S-, C=O ,-group of N=N-or S=O.T, Q and Z also can each formula-R naturally
aC=CR
bOr-CR
cR
d-group, R wherein
aAnd R
bHydrogen or C respectively do for oneself
1-C
10Alkyl group, R
cAnd R
dThe hydrogen of respectively doing for oneself, C
1-C
10Alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-pro-pyl, isopropyl, the tert-butyl group, n-hexyl, C
1-C
10Alkoxyl such as methoxyl group, ethyoxyl, positive propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, or C
6-C
18Aryl is phenyl or naphthyl for example.Radicals R
cAnd R
dAlso can form the cyclic aliphatic ring, preferred C with the carbon atom binding
5-C
7Cycloalkyl ring.Cycloalkyl ring also can have one or more substituting groups.Preferred substituted comprises C
1-C
10Alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-pro-pyl or isopropyl, especially methyl.In preferred poly (arylene ether) A, T, Q and Z be-O-,-SO
2-, C=O, chemical bond or formula-CR
cR
d-group.Preferred radicals R
cAnd R
dComprise hydrogen and methyl.At least one of group T, Q and Z is-SO
2-or C=O.Ar and Ar
1Be C
6-C
18Aryl, for example 1,5-naphthyl, 1,6-naphthyl, 2,7-naphthyl, 1,5-anthryl, 9,10-anthryl, 2,6-anthryl, 2,7-anthryl or xenyl, preferably phenyl.These aryl are preferably unsubstituted.Yet they can have the C of being selected from
1-C
10Alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-pro-pyl, isopropyl, the tert-butyl group, n-hexyl, C
6-C
18Aryl such as phenyl or naphthyl, C
1-C
10The substituting group of alkoxyl such as methoxyl group, ethyoxyl, positive propoxy, isopropyl, n-butoxy or halogen atom.Wherein preferred substituted comprises methyl, phenyl, methoxyl group and chlorine.
Some specially suitable repetitives are as follows
Particularly preferred composition comprises having a repetitive (I as component A
1), (I
2), (I
25) or (I
26) poly (arylene ether).These compositions for example comprise containing and contain 0-100% (mole) repetitive (I as high-performance thermoplastics (A)
1) and 0-100% (mole) repetitive (I
2) the composition of poly (arylene ether).
Poly (arylene ether) also can be copolymer or block copolymer, wherein has poly (arylene ether) fragment and other thermoplastic fragments, for example polyamide, polyester, aromatic polycarbonate, polyestercarbonate, polysiloxanes, polyimides or PEI.The number-average molecular weight of block or grafting arm is generally 1000-30000 gram/mole in copolymer.The block of different structure can replace or randomly arrange.The weight ratio of the poly (arylene ether) in copolymer or block copolymer generally is at least 10% (weight).The weight ratio of poly (arylene ether) can be up to 97%.Preferably have the poly (arylene ether) weight ratio and be at most the copolymer or the block copolymer of 90% (weight).Preferably include the copolymer and the block copolymer of 20-80% (weight) poly (arylene ether) especially.
In general, the number-average molecular weight Mn that poly (arylene ether) has is a 10000-60000 gram/mole, and relative viscosity is 1.25-1.95.The mensuration of relative viscosity or be in the N-methyl pyrrolidone solution of 1% (weight) in concentration, or be that the weight ratio of 0.5% (weight) is in the mixture solution of 1: 1 phenol and dichloro-benzenes in concentration, be that the solution of 0.5% (weight) carries out (depending on the solubility of poly (arylene ether)) as concentration in 96% concentrated sulfuric acid perhaps, every kind of situation is all measured down at 20 ℃ or 25 ℃.
The poly (arylene ether) itself that contains repetitive I is known, and available known method makes.
They for example can carry out condensation and make by the alkali metal salt with aromatics dihalide compound and aromatic bisphenols.They also can make by alkali metal salt self condensation with halogenated aromatic phenol for example in the presence of catalyst.For example, DE-A-3843438 has provided multiple suitable monomers.Suitable method especially is described in US3441538, among US4180837, DE-A-2738962 and the EP-A-0000361.The poly (arylene ether) that contains the carbonyl functional group also can make by electrophilic (Friedel-Crafts) polycondensation reaction, especially the method described in WO84/03892.In the electrophilic polycondensation reaction, perhaps by dicarboxyl acyl chlorides or phosgene and contain the dihydro aromatic compounds reaction that can be replaced by electrophilic substituent, perhaps self polycondensation of the aromatic carboxylic acid's acyl chlorides by containing acid chloride group and commutable hydrogen atom forms the carbonyl bridge.
The preferred processing condition that is used for synthetic poly (arylene ether) for example is described in EP-A-113112 and EP-A-135130.Specially suitable method is in aprotic solvent, especially in the N-methyl pyrrolidone, carries out monomer reaction in the presence of anhydrous alkali metal carbonate, especially potash.Found under fusion, to make monomer reaction have advantage equally in many cases.
Can have different end groups according to synthetic condition poly (arylene ether).
The example that can mention is especially chlorine, phenoxy group or benzyloxy, hydroxyl, acid anhydride, epoxy radicals or a carboxyl of halogen.Active the synthetic of poly (arylene ether) of this class is well known to those skilled in the art.Polyester
Suitable polyester is known, and description is arranged in the literature.They have the aromatic ring of being derived by aromatic dicarboxylic acid on main chain.Aromatic ring also can be by for example halogen, such as chlorine or bromine, or by C
1-C
4Alkyl for example methyl, ethyl, XOR n-pro-pyl and just, the XOR tert-butyl group replaces.
Polyester can adopt known method, by aromatic dicarboxylic acid, their ester or the derivative and the aliphatic dihydroxy compound reaction of other one-tenth esters are made.
The preferred dicarboxylic acids that can mention is naphthalene two formyls, terephthalic acids and isophthalic acid or their mixture.The aromatic dicarboxylic acid of 10% (mole) can be by aliphatic series or for example adipic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid replacement of cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid at the most.
Aliphatic dihydroxy compound preferably has the glycol of 2-6 carbon atom, and especially 1,2-ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 1,4-hexylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol and neopentyl glycol or its mixture.
Particularly preferred polyester can be mentioned poly-terephthalic acids alkane diol ester, and this poly-terephthalic acids alkane diol ester is obtained by the alkanediol with 2-6 carbon atom.Wherein, preferred especially PETG, poly-naphthoic acid glycol ester and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
The viscosity of polyester is generally 60-200 milliliter/gram (being to record in the solution of phenol/neighbour-dichloro-benzenes mixture (at 25 ℃, weight ratio 1: 1) of 0.5% (weight) in concentration) polymethacrylates
In these polymethacrylates, may be particularly mentioned polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), with based on methyl methacrylate and contain the copolymer of 40% (weight) other copolymerisable monomer at the most, for example the name that is provided by BASF Aktiengesellschaft is called Lucryl
ROr be called plexiglas by the name that Rohm GmbH provides
RProduct.Polyamide
Usually, the polyamide that preferably has aliphatic partially crystallizable, part fragrance or amorphous structure and its mixture of any kind.The corresponding product that can buy is the trade mark Ultramid by name that is provided by BASF AG
RProduct.Polyimides.
The used polyimides of the present invention is known.Their synthetic method for example is described in US3847867; US3847869; US3850885; US3852242; US3855178; US3887558; US4017511; US4024110; US4250279; And DE-B-44048912.
Other polyimides can be learned from EP-A-389092.This polyimides can be used to the production liquid crystal display, because they help the adjustment of liquid crystal.In EP-A-368604 and EP-A-439362, narrated the specific diamines with cyclic aliphatic ring of the polyimides that is used to prepare same use.
EP-A-379006 has described other diamines for preparing above-mentioned polyimides.
Can be preferred for polyimides of the present invention (or PEI) and be described in DE-A-3927399, it has following repetitive:
Term polyimides used herein comprises homopolymers, copolymer, terpolymer and block polymer.The Staudinger index of used polyimides is the 0.1-3 deciliter/gram, is preferably the 0.3-1.5 deciliter/gram, especially is the 0.3-1 deciliter/gram, and this index is under 25 ℃, for example measures in N-methyl pyrrolidone or carrene.
From finding out, thermoplastic (A) is poly (arylene ether), polyamide, polyester, polymethacrylates, polysiloxanes, polyimides, PEI, their copolymer, block copolymer or its two or more mixture preferably.
Obviously, also can use the mixture of high-performance thermoplastics (A) and/or thermosetting polymer.
About suitable thermosetting polymer, can be with reference to above-mentioned Kunststoff-Taschenbuch (editing) by Saechtling, 1989 publish, and the document has also been narrated the source of feed.
The content of high-performance thermoplastics (A) in composition is preferably 1-100% (weight), and more preferably 10-90% (weight) especially is 30-70% (weight).All the other components of this composition comprise thermosetting polymer (B), the content of this thermosetting polymer (B) is preferably 0-99% (weight), 5-80% (weight) more preferably, especially be 10-60% (weight), also comprise other additives and processing aid (C), for example fibrous or granular filler is glass fibre or inorganic filler wollastonite for example for example, caoutchouc elasticity polymer (EP rubber for example, EPDM rubber, TPUs, core shell copolymer), the UV stabilizing agent, nucleator, plastic agent, fire retardant, oxidation retarder and heat stabilizer, its content is preferably 0-70% (weight), 5-60% (weight) more preferably, especially be 10-40%, the summation of the amount of these components is 100%.
For printability or the carving that improves tableware of the present invention, added as additive in the composition of preparation tableware: superfines, based on iron oxide, preferably have the inorganic black pigment of the iron oxide pigment of spinelle or inverse spinel structure, inorganic transition metal salt, carbon black or ash, but every kind of situation all is the residue by the biomass of destructive distillation to be obtained, or its mixture.
Above-mentioned superfines comprises having essentially smooth surface texture and contain the spherical particle of at least a high-performance thermoplastics (A2) as key component, this high-performance thermoplastics (A2) is different from the above-mentioned high-performance thermoplastics (A1) that exists in composition, it is selected from poly (arylene ether) and polyimides.If superfines is present in the composition, its amount is preferably 0.1-5% (weight) for 0.05-10% (weight), especially is 0.5-3% (weight).
Adopt following method can unexpectedly obtain the superfines that the present invention uses, this method be high performance plastics (A2) is melted or utilize the dissolving of suitable liquid they or reduce their viscosity, make it become graininess or spray-drying then.This superfine powder and their method of preparation are described in DE-A-4300326.The particle that obtains according to DE-A-4300326 be rule with sphere, and have imporous basically surface.Average grain diameter (volume averaging value) is generally 1 μ m or bigger.This particle diameter can be more less, but be not less than 0.5 μ m usually.In general, average grain diameter can be up to 80 μ m.Particle diameter is slightly larger also to be possible, for example 100 μ m.Average grain diameter is preferably 2-70 μ m, and preferred especially 5-50 μ m especially is 10-20 μ m.For some purposes, need average grain diameter to reach 300 μ m.This particle diameter is bigger also to be possible, 350 μ m for example, but average grain diameter surpasses 500 μ m, for some application, for example prepares tableware of the present invention, does not have more benefits usually.This particle have usually its based on the density of high-performance thermoplastics (A2).Yet for example when a small amount of gas was enclosed, the density of particle also may be hanged down slightly.
Superfines has narrow particle diameter and distributes.Measuring of the size that particle diameter distributes is relative span (span) coefficient △ (referring to A.H.Lefebvre: " Atomization and Sprays ", HemispherePublishing Corporation, 1989, the 100 pages, formula 3.40).The relative span coefficient of superfine powder of the present invention is generally 1-2.Yet, also can be high, be no more than 2.5 usually.Preferred span coefficient is about 1.5.Span coefficient very particularly preferably is lower than 1.
In addition, composition of the present invention contains 1-200ppm, is preferably the pigment of 5-100ppm, as additive (C).
This additive is the bone ash that for example obtains from animal bone roasting or that grind.The suitable pulverizing and the post processing of rough bone black can obtain the product of different colours intensity and granularity.
Common bone ash has following approximate composition usually:
85-90% (weight) calcium phosphate.
7.5-12% (weight) carbon
-1.5% (weight) water.
PH is generally 7-9, especially is 7.5-8.5 that density is 1.8-3.0g/cm
2, be preferably 2.1-2.5g/cm
3
Be applicable to that bone ash of the present invention for example can obtain from Hoover Color Corporation, its name is called " Bone Black ".
Suitable carbon black generally is for example at Encyclopedia of Chemical TechnologyVol.3, P.34 the product described in the ff (Interscience Encyclopedia New York).
Suitable in addition pigment is iron oxide black (Fe
3O
4), spinelle black (Cu (and Cr, Fe)
2O
4) and manganese black (mixture of manganese dioxide, silica and iron oxide).Also might use CuPc pigment.
As the other additive that improves printability and carving, it is that the inorganic black pigment of key component is as additive (C) that composition also can contain based on iron oxide, its content is 0.01-4% (weight), is preferably 0.02-3% (weight), especially is 0.02-1% (weight).Preferred iron oxide pigment has spinelle or inverse spinel structure.
The unit cell of spinelle lattice contains 32 oxygen atoms of approximate cubic closest packing.In normal sharp crystal structure, 8Me
2+Ion is positioned at separately by 4O
2-Octahedral centre position (octahedral site) that ion forms.In the inverse spinel structure, cationic distribution is different.The Me of half
3+Ion has occupied the positive tetrahedron position, in addition half Me
3+Ion and Me
2+Ion is distributed in octahedral site together.Also there is the intermediateness between two kinds of structures of cation disorder distribution.Normal configuration and transconfiguration are characterised in that formula Me
2+[Me
2 3+] O
4And Me
3+[Me
2+Me
3+] O
4Ferrite comprises representational two kinds of structures: zinc ferrite has normal configuration Zn[Fe
2] O
4, and in the magnesium ferrite cation mainly with inverse spinel structure distribution Fe
3+[Mg
2+Fe
3+])
4
The example of divalent metal is Mg, Fe (II), Zn, Mn, Co, Ni and Cu, and the example of trivalent metal is Al, Fe (III), V, Cr or titanium.Preferred iron oxide pigment is magnetic iron ore (inverse spinel Fe
3+[Fe
2+Fe
3+] O
4), Cr
3+[Cu
II, Fe
II] O
4With comprise Fe
2O
3/ Mn
2O
3Mixed dyes of Fe.
The preparation method of these mixed dyes of Fe can learn from DE19531490.5.
The additive method of preparation iron oxide pigment is well-known to those skilled in the art, for example can be from Rompp Chemie Lexikon, and the 9th edition, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart publishes, and knows among 1994, the 1096 pages of the New York.
Prevailing preparation method is an aniline process.Reduction nitrobenzene forms aniline in acid solution, and reducing agent cast iron uses to fritter the bits form.Iron filings are oxidized to be had the iron oxide of grey black color usually in this process.By carry out this method and the suitable additive of use with ad hoc fashion, for example iron (II) salt and aluminium salt can obtain dark iron oxide black slurries.Obtain iron oxide black in washing with after filtering.
For the optical property that makes pigment reaches best, preferably obtain narrow primary particle diameter scope, for example to Fe
3O
3Particle diameter should be 0.1-1 μ m.The particle diameter of suitable mineral black can promptly, adopt the extraordinary grinding machine of superheated steam to regulate by micronizing.Can obtaining quite uniformly like this, particle diameter distributes.
Primary particle diameter and distribution thereof are normally measured by screen analysis, sedimentation analysis and known counting method (for example, passing through electron microscope).
As preferred commercially available mineral black, can mention pigment black 11, Echtsch warz100 and Bayferrox
RBlack level (obtaining) by BayerAG.
In the preferred embodiment of tableware of the present invention, it is 0.005-5% (weight) that composition also contains consumption, be preferably 0.01-2% (weight), especially the inorganic transition metal salt of 0.02-1% (weight) is as additive, so that stamp and carving have better contrast.Transition metal is at its outer shell (d
1-d
10) in the element of d electronics is arranged.
In inorganic transition metal salt, found that the specially suitable electron configuration that is those transition metal have is d
6-d
10, be preferably d
9, i.e. the salt of the salt of Cu, Ag, Au, especially Cu and Ag.Preferred inorganic transition metal salt is halide and sulfate.Preferred especially chloride, bromide and sulfate.
Compositions for use of the present invention can adopt the known method that is suitable for forming polymer to handle, to obtain tableware with described character.The preferred injection molding that adopts.
In addition, the invention provides the method that a kind of production has the tableware of stamp or carving, this method comprises with high-energy radiation shines tableware of the present invention.This radiation is normally by means of laser.In addition, the present invention also provides the tableware with decorative pattern, and it can comprise that the method for the tableware that radiation is made by the composition that contains high-performance thermoplastics (A) obtains by employing.The advantage of this laser decoration printing or carving be contactless (both do not had machinery pressurization, do not have the pollution of workpiece) yet, flexibly (computer control), clean and do not have chemical treatments, it can carry out simply, fast and accurately.The special advantage of this method is owing to can change design simply and fastly by computer, thereby plastic mold carving respectively.
Laser decoration printing/carving can be divided into two kinds of methods, promptly shelters (projection) carving and beam deflection carving (scanning of laser beam).
The present invention mainly uses CO
2Laser instrument (wavelength 10.6 μ m), preferred Nd:YAG laser instrument (wavelength 1064nm) or have Nd:YAG laser instrument (wavelength 532,355,256nm, especially UV laser instrument, the preferred Excimer laser instrument of the latter of frequency multiplier.The laser instrument that the inventive method is used is commercial commercially available.
The energy density of used laser instrument is generally 0.3mJ/cm
2-50J/cm
2, preferred 0.5mJ/cm
2-20J/cm
2, especially be 1mJ/cm
2-10J/cm
2
When using pulsed laser, pulse frequency is generally 0.1-10000Hz, preferred 0.5-5000Hz, especially is 1-1000Hz.Pulse length (duration of individual pulse) is preferably 0.1-1000ns, is preferably 1-5000ns, especially is 1-100ns.
Though under these wavelength, the absorption coefficient of processed plastics is not large enough to the mark that makes polymer generation change color and produce the easy identification with high-contrast usually, but this problem can by sneak under used wavelength strong that absorb, and can pass to the energy that absorbs on every side that the above-mentioned additive of polymeric matrix overcomes.Thereby the tableware that the inventive method is made can adopt any way carving and mark, and carving and mark have good definition.
Defined tableware among the preferred engraving claim 4-6.
Contrast, penetration depth and surface texture that the intensity of irradiation and duration can influence formed article.The more detailed information relevant with this theme can for example find in following two pieces of relevant publications: Kunststoffe 81 (1991), 4 phases, below 341 pages and Kunststoffe 78 (1988), 8 phases, below 688 pages, these publications relate to the laser engraving of the formed article of being made by thermoplastic.Also the document that will mention has DE-A-3936926, DE3619670, DE3044722, DE-A-4416129.8 and EP-A-190997.
The material that embodiment is used: goods producer
(polysulfones) that-ULTRASON S2010 is natural, BASF AG
(polyether sulfone) that-ULTRASON E2010 is natural, BASF AG
-Ultem1010 is natural, the common electrical plastics
-polystyrene 158K (polystyrene), BASF AG.Preparation condition:
The product mix temperature (℃), molding temperature (℃)
-ULTRASON S2010 natural 320130
-ULTRASONE2010 natural 360140
-PEI (Ultem1010) 370140
-polystyrene 23070
Under practical condition, the tableware of 20 every kind of materials is tested.In the test period, each tableware is contacted 30 minutes continuously with hot stuffing soy sauce (60 ℃), tomato ketchup (60 ℃) and vegetable oil (130 ℃).Then tableware is put 60 minutes in 80 ℃ of hot water, and add 1% alkaline detergent (washing the dish process).Except those be before the due date impaired, each tableware has all passed through 1000 test periods.
Then, chopsticks are carried out mechanical test, and visual assessment.The result:
Tensile strength (N/mm
2)
Original state is at 1000 all after dates
-ULTRASON S2010 natural 78 92
-ULTRASON E2010 natural 93 107
-PEI (Ultem1010) 105 110
-polystyrene 40 is damaged
Visual valuation result at 1000 all after dates
-ULTRASON S2010 is natural
Colour-fast, do not form stress crack
-ULTRASON E2010 is natural
Nothing is faded, and very slightly forms stress crack
-PEI (Ultem1010)
Fade, form medium stress crack.
-polystyrene damages at 5 all after dates.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of tableware, it is made by the composition that comprises high-performance thermoplastics (A).
2, the tableware of claim 1, it is the form of chopsticks.
3, claim 1 or 2 tableware, wherein composition comprises poly (arylene ether) as high-performance thermoplastics (A), polyamide, polyester, polymethacrylates, polysiloxanes, polyimides, PEI, their copolymer, its block copolymer or two or more mixture.
4, each tableware among the claim 1-3, wherein composition comprises and contains formula (I
1) or (I
2) poly (arylene ether) (A) of repetitive:
5, each tableware among the claim 1-3, wherein composition comprises the high-performance thermoplastics (A1) of the superfine powder form with spherical particle and essentially smooth surface texture and the mixture of high-performance thermoplastics (A2), high-performance thermoplastics (A1) and (A2) differing from each other wherein, high-performance thermoplastics (A2) is poly (arylene ether) or polyimides.
6, each tableware among the claim 1-3, wherein composition comprises:
1-100% (weight) high-performance thermoplastics (A),
0-99% (weight) thermosetting polymer (B) and
Other additives of 0-70% (weight) and processing aid (C),
The percetage by weight sum of each component is 100%.
7, each tableware among the claim 1-3, wherein composition comprises the inorganic mineral black based on iron oxide as additive (C).But two or more mixture of inorganic transition metal salt, carbon black or the ash that obtains by the residue of destructive distillation living beings or its.
8, a kind of preparation has the method for the tableware of decorative pattern, comprises each the tableware with high-energy radiation irradiation claim 1-7.
9, the method for claim 8, wherein each the tableware for claim 5-7 provides decorative pattern.
10, a kind of tableware with decorative pattern, it can adopt the method for the tableware that comprises that irradiation is made by the composition that contains high-performance thermoplastics (A) to obtain.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996120420 DE19620420A1 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1996-05-21 | High-performance plastic cutlery, especially chopsticks |
| DE19620420.8 | 1996-05-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1170556A true CN1170556A (en) | 1998-01-21 |
Family
ID=7794891
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97113565 Pending CN1170556A (en) | 1996-05-21 | 1997-05-20 | Eating implements made of high-performance thermoplastics |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1057215A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970073457A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1170556A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19620420A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102690517A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-26 | 山东浩然特塑有限公司 | Chopsticks made of modified plastics and production process |
| WO2012142768A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-26 | 亿润塑胶五金有限公司 | Cooking device with patterns on it's surface and the manufacturing method thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE444981T1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2009-10-15 | Eastman Chem Co | POLYESTER COMPOSITIONS FORMED FROM 2,2,4,4-TETRAMETHYL-1,3-CYCLOBUTANEDIOL AND 1,4-CYCLOHEXANEDIMETHANOL COMPREHENSIVE RESTAURANT TABLEWARE |
| DE202006002321U1 (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2007-03-29 | Redel, Wolfgang | Item of cutlery or crockery is made from polymer-containing composite material |
-
1996
- 1996-05-21 DE DE1996120420 patent/DE19620420A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-05-20 KR KR1019970019478A patent/KR970073457A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-20 CN CN 97113565 patent/CN1170556A/en active Pending
- 1997-05-21 JP JP13019297A patent/JPH1057215A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012142768A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-26 | 亿润塑胶五金有限公司 | Cooking device with patterns on it's surface and the manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102690517A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-26 | 山东浩然特塑有限公司 | Chopsticks made of modified plastics and production process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1057215A (en) | 1998-03-03 |
| KR970073457A (en) | 1997-12-10 |
| DE19620420A1 (en) | 1997-11-27 |
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