CN117042956A - 具有湿气管理功能的织物 - Google Patents

具有湿气管理功能的织物 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117042956A
CN117042956A CN202180086673.1A CN202180086673A CN117042956A CN 117042956 A CN117042956 A CN 117042956A CN 202180086673 A CN202180086673 A CN 202180086673A CN 117042956 A CN117042956 A CN 117042956A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fabric
yarn
layer
fabric layer
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202180086673.1A
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English (en)
Inventor
Y·V·丹达普尔
S·宋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canada Luluolemeng Sporting Goods Co ltd
Original Assignee
Canada Luluolemeng Sporting Goods Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canada Luluolemeng Sporting Goods Co ltd filed Critical Canada Luluolemeng Sporting Goods Co ltd
Publication of CN117042956A publication Critical patent/CN117042956A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

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    • D03D15/527—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads waterproof or water-repellent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
    • A41D31/125—Moisture handling or wicking function through layered materials
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    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
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Abstract

描述了一种具有湿气管理功能的针织/编织织物，包括：第一织物层，其具有第一纱线和第二纱线，它们编织在一起以形成半亲水或疏水的第一层(由较低回潮率的纤维组成)；第二织物层，包括第三纱线和第四纱线，它们编织在一起以形成第二织物层，它是完全亲水的(由较高回潮率的纤维组成)，其中，第一织物层的回潮率低于第二织物层的回潮率，从而在针织织物的第一织物层和第二织物层之间提供了亲水梯度，使得湿气可通过与穿着者皮肤接触的第一织物层并通过第二织物层排出。

Description

具有湿气管理功能的织物
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有2020年12月23日提交的美国临时申请63/129,705的优先权，该申请的全部内容在此通过引用纳入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种针织和编织织物，其具有包括亲水梯度的湿气管理功能。
背景技术
设计用于体育活动的服装中的织物被设想为实现如下目的：通过明显地控制体温和使湿气远离个人以减少积聚在皮肤附近的汗液量(其将导致湿粘的不适感，并增加与皮肤的摩擦而导致发炎)，从而最大限度地提高身体性能。制造这种能够展现特征、提高性能而不会有损于外观和/或穿着者的舒适性的服装是一种挑战。
结合于服装中的纺织品的性质通常是根据服装所设想的目标特性来选择的，例如，抗风性、减少积聚在皮肤附近的汗液，以及提高从事特定运动的个人的舒适性。
通常结合到此类织物中的纺织品可以是棉、羊毛、丝、合成材料，例如人造纤维、尼龙、聚酯和聚丙烯酸。
在比赛或训练时始终存在着这样的挑战，即为运动员提供改进的服装，其允许应对来自外部环境的热/冷，同时也可应对运动员体内由于体力消耗和相关的出汗以及缺乏散热而产生的热量。
因此，人们非常希望能够提供改进的织物。
发明内容
提供了一种具有湿气管理功能的针织或编织织物，包括：由第一纱线构成的第一织物层，其形成第一层，该层是具有较低回潮率的半亲水性的；以及由第二纱线构成的第二织物层，该第二织物层是具有较高回潮率的亲水性的，其中，第一织物层的回潮率低于第二织物层的回潮率，从而在针织/或编织织物的第一织物层和第二织物层之间提供亲水梯度，将湿气拉过第一织物层并通过第二织物层将湿气推出。
所提议的纱线和织物的总回潮率的组合为穿着者提供了最佳的舒适性，这是通过确保多余的汗水不会在皮肤旁边积聚，同时仍然在织物中提供有助于冷却和透气的湿气来实现的。
在一个实施方案中，该织物是纬编或经编的针织织物或编织织物。
在一个实施方案中，第一织物层的回潮率在0.2％-6％的范围内，第二织物层的回潮率在4％-16％的范围内，并且回潮率梯度大于3％。
在另一实施方案中，第一纱线选自由尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸、棉、羊毛、丝、再生纤维素纤维及其任何混合或组合所组成的组。
在一个实施例中，第一织物层还包括与第一纱线连接在一起的第三纱线，第二织物层还包括与第二纱线连接在一起的第四纱线。
在一个补充性实施例中，第三纱线是合成聚合物。
在另一个实施例中，第一织物层是合成聚合物与弹性纤维编织在一起的复合共混物。
在一个实施例中，第二纱线包括天然或再生纤维素纤维，或者天然或再生纤维素纤维与合成纤维(如尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸)的混合物。
在另一个实施例中，第二纱线选自由棉、丝、羊毛、莫代尔、微莫代尔、人造丝、莱赛尔、粘胶、铜氨纤维、人造纤维、尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸及其任何组合所组成的组。
在另一个实施例中，第四纱线是合成聚合物。
在一个实施例中，第四纱线是弹性纤维。
在另一个实施例中，第二织物层是天然纤维与弹性纤维编织在一起的的复合共混物，或者天然纤维与合成纤维(如尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯或丙烯酸)的混合物。
在一个实施例中，第二纱线是合成聚合物。
在另一个实施例中，第二纱线选自由尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸，或混合有棉、丝、羊毛、莫代尔、微莫代尔、人造纤维、莱赛尔、粘胶、铜氨纤维、人造丝及其组合所组成的组。
在另一个实施例中，第二织物层是凹陷的，以增加其表面积。
在一个补充性实施例中，该织物是针织的，且还包括将第一和第二织物层结合在一起的连接纱线。
在一个实施例中，连接纱线至少是单股的。
在一个实施例中，连接纱线是弹性纤维。
在另一个实施例中，连接纱线是合成聚合物。
在另一个实施例中，连接纱线是天然纤维。
在一个实施例中，连接纱线是位于第一织物层和第二织物层之间的曲折型结构。应当理解，曲折型结构主要是指在第一织物层和第二织物层之间来回折叠，以连接第一织物层和第二织物层。
在一个补充性实施例中，该织物由单面针织格子结构、双面针织格子结构、特里科或经编结构针织而成。
在一个实施例中，第一纱线、第二纱线、第三纱线和第四纱线中的至少一个是通过紧密纺纱来生产的。
在一个实施例中，第一织物层和第二织物层通过所需数量的纱线交叉进行编织。
在另一个实施例中，纱线交叉为3上3下、3上1下、3上2下或4上1下。
本发明还提供了一种包括如本文所定义的织物的服装制品。
附图说明
现在将参考附图来进行说明。
图1示出了根据一个实施例的双面针织格子结构织物的示意图。
图2示出了根据另一个实施例的单面针织格子结构织物的示意图。
图3示出了用于制造本文所述的纱线的紧密纺纱技术。
图4A示出了根据一个实施例的织物的外层。
图4B示出了根据一个实施例的图4A所示织物的内层。
图5示出了根据一个实施例的双层编织结构织物的示意图。
图6示出了根据一个实施例的编织特里科(经编)针织结构织物的示意图。
具体实施方式
根据本公开，提供了一种具有湿气管理功能的针织或编织织物，包括：由第一纱线组成的第一织物层，其形成紧贴皮肤的背衬织物层，该第一织物层具有第一回潮率，并且是半亲水性的或疏水性的层；以及由第二纱线组成的第二织物层，其形成朝向外部的表面织物层，该第二织物层具有第二回潮率，并且是亲水性的层。如果是针织织物，它还可包括将第一织物层和第二织物层结合在一起的连接纱线。
如本文所述，由于在针织织物的第一织物层和第二织物层之间存在回潮率梯度，因此来自穿着者皮肤的湿气会被推动穿过第一织物层，并经由第二织物层被拉出。
在一个实施例中，第一织物层的回潮率在0.2％-6％范围内，而第二织物层的回潮率在4％-16％范围内，并且两个织物层之间的回潮率梯度大于3％。例如，两个织物层之间的回潮率梯度大于3％，例如在3％-15％之间。
如图1所示，织物10包括第一层12和第二层14，第一层12为紧靠皮肤A的层(内层)，第二层14对应于织物10的面向外部B和远离皮肤A的层(外层)。如图1所示，在一个实施例中，连接纱线16将第一织物层12和第二织物层14结合在一起，从而将织物10收紧在一起。来自穿着者皮肤的湿气被朝向第二织物层14推动而穿过第一织物层12。在织物10的第一织物层12(半亲水性层)和第二织物层14(亲水性层)之间存在亲水(回潮率)梯度，这允许湿气如箭头方向所示地从皮肤的区域A向外部区域B被推动。
在一个实施例中，第一织物层12包括第一纱线18，第二织物层14包括第二纱线23。在图1的说明性实施例中，第一织物层12还包括第三纱线20，其针织或编织在一起，以形成紧靠皮肤A的内织物层12，第一织物层12为所述的半亲水性的或疏水性的层。可以设想，第一纱线18和第三纱线20是合成聚合物，例如但不限于聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸或其任何组合。如图所示，第三纱线20是弹性纤维，从而使第一织物层12是合成聚合物与弹性纤维混编的复合共混物。在一个实施例中，第一纱线18可以是合成聚合物和天然纤维(如棉、羊毛、丝或再生纤维素纤维)的复合物，并可构造为具有第一回潮率的半亲水性。例如，第一纱线18可以是70-95％的合成聚合物(如聚酯)和5-30％的天然纤维(如棉)的混合物。
第二织物层14还包括第四纱线24，其针织或编织在一起，以形成面向外部B的表面(外)织物层14，该第二织物层14是亲水性的层。如所述，第二纱线23包括天然纤维，例如但不限于棉、丝、羊毛、莫代尔、微莫代尔、人造纤维、莱赛尔、粘胶或其组合。第二纱线23也可以是莫代尔和棉的复合共混物。备选地，第二纱线也可以是合成聚合物，例如尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸或其组合。第四纱线24可以是合成聚合物，例如弹性纤维。作为进一步的实施例，还可包括这样的第二织物层14，它包括天然纤维与弹性纤维混编在一起的复合共混物。在一个实施例中，第二纱线23是天然或再生的纤维素纤维和合成纤维(如尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸)的复合共混物。增加第二层14的亲水性的一种手段是增加其表面积。相应地可以设想，第二织物层14可具有凹陷以增加其表面积。
将第一织物层12和第二织物层14结合在一起的连接纱线16至少是单股的。如本文所述，连接纱线16是弹性纤维。也可以设想，连接纱线16是合成聚合物，例如尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸或其组合。备选地，本文所述的连接纱线16可以优选地包括天然纤维，例如棉、丝、羊毛、莫代尔、微莫代尔、人造纤维、莱赛尔、粘胶或其组合。连接纱线最好是处于第一织物层12和第二织物层14之间的曲折型结构(叠层结构)。可以设想，曲折型结构包括处于第一织物层和第二织物层之间以连接它们的来回折叠(图6)。连接纱线16可以是单股或多股。连接纱线16的多股中的每股可以具有独立的曲折型(下方重叠和上方重叠)结构。
因此，这里描述了一种包括亲水侧和半亲水或疏水侧的织物结构，允许最大程度的湿气控制。此处描述的织物具有通过使用彼此相邻的半亲水性层和全亲水层的亲水梯度来推动湿气的特性。潜在的4种不同类型的纤维和彼此相邻的半亲水性的或疏水性的和全亲水性的表面的组合，可以实现有效的湿气管理和速干。
如本文所述，在一些实施例中，所述织物由针织结构制成，该结构可以是纬编或经编结构。例如，该织物可以是单面针织格子结构(见图2)，或例如双面针织格子结构(见图1)，或特里科经编格子结构。如图2所示，织物100具有单面针织格子结构，包括具有第一回潮率的第一纱线118的第一层112，以及具有第二回潮率的第二纱线123的第二层114。第一回潮率低于第二回潮率，从而在织物100的第一织物层112和第二织物层114之间提供了亲水梯度，由此可使湿气通过第一织物层112并通过第二织物层114排出。织物100还包括包芯纱125。包芯纱125可以是弹性纤维，以增加织物100的弹性。
在一个实施例中，第一织物层的回潮率在0.2％-6％的范围内，而第二织物层的回潮率在4％-16％的范围内，并且两个织物层之间的回潮率梯度大于3％。
在一个实施例中，第一、第二、第三或第四纱线中的至少一个使用紧密纺纱技术来制造，以对棉/微莫代尔纱线进行纺纱，从而例如有助于减少起球和改善手感。
如图3所示，在传统的纺纱机(例如环锭纺纱机31)中，纤维流在没有先通过压缩(压实)而被密实在一起的情况下被加捻，由于在纤维被加捻之前形成了宽大的加捻三角32，所产生的纱线可能会起球或感觉粗糙。紧密纺纱机30涉及到缩窄和减少纤维带宽度(bcomp)，使其比环锭纺纱机31中的纤维带宽度(bring)窄得多(见图3)。这样压实的纤维带被加捻而形成纱线，并消除了X形加捻三角。压缩纤维流首先使平坦纤维带形式的纤维流凝聚成紧凑的纤维流，纤维之间具有增加的摩擦接触点。紧密纺纱允许生产出紧密的纱线。因此，紧密纺纱是指由牵伸系统牵伸的纤维股在加捻前凝聚的工艺。
在一些实施例中，第一、第二、第三或第四纱线中的至少一个是使用环锭纺纱技术制造的，例如SirospunTM、包芯纺纱、紧密纺纱，其中一个纱线可以是天然纤维，另一个纱线可以是合成纤维。在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，可以使用任何其他纺纱技术(如喷气纺纱、环锭纺纱、走锭纺纱)。
图4提供了一种织物的图片，其中图4A是由26％的棉和26％的莫代尔形成的具有较高回潮率的外层，图4B是由25％的弹性纤维和23％的尼龙形成的具有较低回潮率的内层，从而允许如本文所述的湿气管理。
图5示出了织物结构的一个例子，该织物结构是双面织布150。第一层152和第二层154编织成将一种织物保持在一侧，从而减少纱线交叉的数量。例如，在图5中示出的织物结构的例子中，交叉是3上C和3下D，但是它也可以是3上1下、3上2下、或4上1下等。
如本文所述，具有湿气管理的所述针织织物可以是任何类型的服装制品，包括衬衫、帽子、大衣、夹克、裤子、内衣、手套、袜子和鞋类。
虽然已经结合其具体实施例描述了本公开，但是可以理解，本公开能够进一步修改，并且本申请旨在涵盖任何变化、用途或适应性，包括与本公开内容有所不同但属于本领域内已知的或惯常的做法的、可应用于本文所述基本特征的，以及在所附权利要求范围内的内容。

Claims (30)

1.具有湿气管理功能的织物，包括：
第一织物层，包括第一纱线，形成了作为半亲水性的具有第一回潮率的第一层；以及
第二织物层，包括第二纱线，形成了作为亲水性的具有第二回潮率的第二织物层，
其中，所述第一回潮率低于所述第二回潮率，从而在所述织物的第一织物层和第二织物层之间提供了回潮率梯度，由此能拉动湿气穿过所述第一织物层，并通过所述第二织物层将湿气推出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的织物，其特征在于，所述织物是纬编或经编的针织织物，或编织织物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第一织物层的第一回潮率处于0.2％-6％的范围内，所述第二织物层的第二回潮率处于4％-16％的范围内，所述回潮率梯度大于3％。
4.根据权利要求3所述的织物，其特征在于，所述回潮率梯度处于3％至15％之间。
5.根据权利要求1到4中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第一纱线和第二纱线中的至少一个是合成聚合物。
6.根据权利要求1到5中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第一纱线选自由尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸、棉、羊毛、丝、再生纤维素纤维及其任何混合组合所组成的组。
7.根据权利要求1到5中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第一织物层还包括与所述第一纱线连在一起的第三纱线，所述第二织物层还包括与所述第二纱线连在一起的第四纱线。
8.根据权利要求7所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第三根纱线是弹性纤维。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第一织物层是合成聚合物与弹性纤维混编的复合共混物。
10.根据权利要求1到8中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第二纱线包括天然纤维、再生纤维素纤维，或者天然或再生纤维素纤维与合成纤维的混合物。
11.根据权利要求10所述的织物，其特征在于，所述合成纤维是尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸或其组合。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第二纱线选自由棉、丝、羊毛、莫代尔、微莫代尔、人造纤维、莱赛尔、粘胶、铜氨纤维、人造丝、尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸及其任何组合所组成的组。
13.根据权利要求7所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第四纱线是合成聚合物。
14.根据权利要求13所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第四纱线是弹性纤维。
15.根据权利要求14所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第二织物层是由天然纤维与弹性纤维混编的复合共混物，或者天然纤维与合成纤维的混合物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的织物，其特征在于，所述合成纤维是尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、丙烯酸或其组合。
17.根据权利要求1到7中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第二纱线是合成聚合物。
18.根据权利要求17所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第二纱线选自由尼龙，聚酯，聚丙烯，丙烯酸，棉、丝、羊毛、莫代尔、微莫代尔、人造纤维、莱赛尔、粘胶、铜氨纤维、人造丝及其组合的混合物所组成的组。
19.根据权利要求1到18中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第二织物层具有凹陷以增加其表面积。
20.根据权利要求1到19中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述织物是针织的，并进一步包括将所述第一织物层和第二织物层结合在一起的连接纱线。
21.根据权利要求20所述的织物，其特征在于，所述连接纱线至少是单股的。
22.根据权利要求20或21所述的织物，其特征在于，所述连接纱线是合成聚合物。
23.根据权利要求20到22中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述连接纱线是弹性纤维。
24.根据权利要求20或21所述的织物，其特征在于，所述连接纱线是天然纤维。
25.根据权利要求20到245中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述连接纱线具有位于所述第一织物层和第二织物层之间的曲折型结构。
26.根据权利要求1到25中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述织物是由单面针织格子结构、双面针织格子结构、特里科或经编结构针织而成的。
27.根据权利要求1到26中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第一纱线、第二纱线、第三纱线和第四纱线中的至少一种是通过紧密纺纱生产的。
28.根据权利要求1到24中任一项所述的织物，其特征在于，所述第一织物层和第二织物层以所需数量的纱线交叉进行织造。
29.根据权利要求28所述的织物，其特征在于，纱线交叉是3上3下，3上1下，3上2下，或4上1下。
30.包括根据权利要求1到29中任一项所述的织物的服装制品。
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