CN117036430A - Method for aligning FDTD grid with object boundary based on key point - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a method for aligning FDTD grids with object boundaries based on key points, which comprises the following steps: step 1, presetting a priority order of aligning an FDTD grid with an object boundary, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the position of a set key point according to the characteristics of two adjacent objects, and dividing the priority of the key point; step 2, identifying characteristics of two adjacent objects, and setting key points with high priority according to a preset priority order of aligning the FDTD grid with the object boundary; and 3, adjusting the position of the FDTD grid according to the position of the key point set in the step 2. The method for aligning the FDTD grid with the object boundary based on the key points improves the quality and accuracy of the grid, so that the accuracy of FDTD model analysis and solving is improved, and the accuracy of a numerical simulation result is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of electromagnetic field numerical computation, in particular to a method for aligning FDTD grids with object boundaries based on key points.
Background
FDTD (Finite Time Domain) is a method for solving the electromagnetic field problem numerically, and can simulate the Time-varying behavior of electromagnetic waves. And the Maxwell's system of equations, which describe the basic behavior and interactions of electromagnetic fields, is the basis for solving the electromagnetic field problem. FDTD is used to solve a Maxwell's system of equations to model and analyze the behavior of electromagnetic fields. Specifically, FDTD discretizes the Maxwell equation set in the time domain, gridzes both space and time, and can simulate the evolution of electromagnetic fields over time by calculating the changes of electric and magnetic field components at discrete space and time points. The method is widely used for simulating the phenomena of propagation, scattering, radiation and the like of electromagnetic waves.
Hexahedral mesh is commonly used in FDTD algorithms for meshing due to its simplicity, efficiency, regularity, accuracy, and applicability. Each hexahedral mesh includes six adjacent facets, including facets in the XY direction, the YZ direction, and the ZY direction. However, when the object boundaries are not aligned with the hexahedral mesh, the accuracy of the model analysis solution is lost and incorrect scattering and reflection effects may be introduced.
As shown in fig. 2, taking the grid in the ZY direction (usually the vertical direction) as an example, since two adjacent objects are too close, the grid lines do not properly closely adhere to the surface of the object, but some gaps or deviations may occur, thereby affecting the quality and accuracy of the grid, which may lead to inaccuracy in the numerical simulation result.
The present application aims to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a method for aligning an FDTD grid with an object boundary based on a key point, presetting the alignment priority order of the FDTD grid and the object boundary, setting a proper key point according to the priority order, adjusting the position of the FDTD grid to adapt to the object boundary, improving the accuracy of the grid and improving the accuracy of model analysis and solving.
The application provides a method for aligning FDTD grids with object boundaries based on key points, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, presetting a priority order of aligning an FDTD grid with an object boundary, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the position of a set key point according to the characteristics of two adjacent objects, and dividing the priority of the key point;
step 2, identifying characteristics of two adjacent objects, and setting key points with high priority according to a preset priority order of aligning the FDTD grid with the object boundary;
and 3, adjusting the position of the FDTD grid according to the position of the key point set in the step 2.
In one embodiment, the characteristics of the two adjacent objects include: the method comprises the steps of determining the attribute of two objects, the distance between the boundaries of two adjacent objects and the length of the two objects, wherein the attribute of the two adjacent objects comprises the fact that the two adjacent objects are two signal lines or the two adjacent objects are the signal lines and a reference plane.
In one embodiment, the reference plane is: power or ground GND.
In one embodiment, the setting the key point with the high priority in the step 2 is: when the collision key points occur, the key points with low priority are ignored, and the key points with high priority are set.
In one embodiment, in the step 3, adjusting the position of the FDTD mesh includes: grid lines are deleted and/or added.
In one embodiment, the step 1 includes:
when two adjacent objects are two signal lines;
if the distance between the boundaries of two adjacent signal lines is larger than the grid minimum distance, setting a first key point on each boundary of the two adjacent signal lines, and setting the priority of the first key point to be 1;
if the distance between the boundaries of two adjacent signal lines is smaller than the grid minimum distance, when the lengths of the two signal lines are the same, or when the length difference of the two signal lines is smaller and the ratio of the length of the longer signal line to the length of the shorter signal line is smaller than 2, setting a second key point in the middle of the two signal lines, and setting the priority of the second key point to be 2; when the length difference between the two signal lines is larger and the ratio of the length of the longer signal line to the length of the shorter signal line is greater than or equal to 2, a third key point is set on the boundary of the longer signal line, and the priority of the third key point is set to be 3.
In one embodiment, the step 1 further includes:
when two adjacent objects are a signal line and a reference plane;
if the distance between the signal line and the reference plane is larger than the minimum grid distance and smaller than five times of trace width, setting a fourth key point on each boundary between the signal line and the reference plane, and setting the priority of the fourth key point as 4;
if the distance between the signal line and the reference plane is smaller than the grid minimum distance or the distance between the signal line and the reference plane is larger than five times of the trace width, setting a fifth key point on the boundary of the signal line, and setting the priority of the fifth key point to be 5;
wherein the trace width is the width of the signal line.
In one embodiment, the mesh minimum pitch is one-half the trace width.
The method for aligning the FDTD grid with the object boundary based on the key points has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the object boundary is not aligned with the hexahedral mesh, the method for aligning the FDTD mesh with the object boundary based on the key point of the application sets the key point at a proper position by presetting the priority sequence of aligning the FDTD mesh with the object boundary, and adjusts the position of the FDTD mesh according to the set position of the key point so as to improve the quality and accuracy of the mesh, thereby improving the analysis and solving precision of the FDTD model and improving the accuracy of the numerical simulation result.
2. According to the method, the priority order of the FDTD grid aligned with the object boundary is preset, the adding positions of the key points under different conditions are set, the priorities are respectively divided, when the conflict key points occur, the key points with higher priorities are selected for setting, and the problem that the FDTD grid cannot be aligned normally when the conflict key points occur is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for aligning an FDTD grid with object boundaries based on keypoints in accordance with an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of FDTD mesh misalignment with object boundaries in the ZY direction;
fig. 3a-3g are schematic diagrams of adding keypoints and adjusting the position of the FDTD mesh based on a method of aligning the keypoint with the object boundary using an embodiment of the present application under different conditions.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application proposes a method for aligning an FDTD mesh with an object boundary based on key points, comprising:
step 1, presetting a priority order of aligning an FDTD grid with an object boundary, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the position of a set key point according to the characteristics of two adjacent objects, and dividing the priority of the key point;
step 2, identifying characteristics of two adjacent objects, and setting key points with high priority according to a preset priority order of aligning the FDTD grid with the object boundary;
and 3, adjusting the position of the FDTD grid according to the position of the key point set in the step 2.
Further, the characteristics of the adjacent two objects include: the method comprises the steps of determining the attribute of two objects, the distance between the boundaries of two adjacent objects and the length of the two objects, wherein the attribute of the two adjacent objects comprises the fact that the two adjacent objects are two signal lines or the two adjacent objects are the signal lines and a reference plane. Preferably, the reference plane comprises power, GND.
Further, the key points with high priority are set in the step 2: when the collision key points occur, the key points with low priority are ignored, and the key points with high priority are set.
Further, in step 3, adjusting the position of the FDTD mesh includes: grid lines are deleted and/or added.
In one embodiment, the pre-setting the priority order of the FDTD mesh alignment with the object boundary in step 1 specifically includes:
1) When two adjacent objects are two signal lines A, B:
as shown in fig. 3a, if the distance X between the boundaries of two adjacent signal lines A, B AB And if the first key point is larger than the minimum grid distance, setting a first key point on the boundary of two adjacent signal lines, and setting the priority of the first key point as 1.
As shown in fig. 3b and 3c, if the distance X between the boundaries of two adjacent signal lines A, B AB Smaller than the minimum pitch of the grid, when the lengths of the two signal lines are the same (L A ＝L B ) Or when the difference in the lengths of the two signal lines is small, the ratio of the length of the longer signal line B to the length of the shorter signal line A is less than 2 (L B /L A < 2), in the middle of the two signal lines (i.e., 1/2X AB Department) setting a second key point, and setting the priority of the second key point as 2; as shown in fig. 3d, when the length difference between two adjacent signal lines A, B is large, the ratio of the length of the longer signal line B to the length of the shorter signal line a is 2 or more (L B /L A And 2) and setting a third key point on the boundary of the longer signal line B, and setting the priority of the third key point to be 3.
2) When two adjacent objects are the signal line C and the reference plane D:
as shown in fig. 3e, if the distance X between the signal line C and the reference plane D CD The trace width (5 w) is larger than the minimum grid interval and smaller than five times, a fourth key point is respectively arranged on the adjacent boundary of the signal line and the reference plane, and the priority of the fourth key point is set to be 4;
as shown in fig. 3f and 3g, if the distance X between the signal line and the reference plane CD Less than the minimum pitch of the grid, or the distance X between the signal line and the reference plane CD Greater than five trace widths (5 w), a fifth critical point is set on the boundary of the signal line and the priority of the fifth critical point is set to 5.
It should be understood that the trace widths w in the present application are the widths of the signal lines.
As shown in FIGS. 3a-3g, the present embodiment preferably has a mesh minimum pitch of one-half the trace width (1/2 w).
When the signal line is adjacent to the reference plane, voltage and current changes on the signal line are introduced to the reference plane, voltage and current changes occur, coupling between the signal and the reference plane also occurs, and capacitance and inductance exist between the signal line and the reference plane. When a change in current occurs on one signal line, a voltage is also generated on the other signal line by mutual inductance, which can be expressed by parameters of capacitance and inductance. When the coupling transmission line is increased, the mutual capacitance and mutual inductance are reduced. It is therefore contemplated that the larger the pitch, the less affected, and substantially unaffected when the pitch is greater than five times the trace width. Thus, five trace widths are selected here as one of the thresholds.
It should be noted that after the new grid line is located according to the key point, if there is a grid line between the two original object boundaries, it needs to be deleted.
The method for aligning the FDTD grid with the object boundary based on the key points has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the object boundary is not aligned with the hexahedral mesh, the method for aligning the FDTD mesh with the object boundary based on the key point of the application sets the key point at a proper position by presetting the priority sequence of aligning the FDTD mesh with the object boundary, and adjusts the position of the FDTD mesh according to the set position of the key point so as to improve the quality and accuracy of the mesh, thereby improving the analysis and solving precision of the FDTD model and improving the accuracy of the numerical simulation result.
2. According to the method, the priority order of the FDTD grid aligned with the object boundary is preset, the adding positions of the key points under different conditions are set, the priorities are respectively divided, when the conflict key points occur, the key points with higher priorities are selected for setting, and the problem that the FDTD grid cannot be aligned normally when the conflict key points occur is avoided.
It should be noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions, and further, the term "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above embodiments are merely further illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application in any way, and various other embodiments are possible. Various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A method for aligning an FDTD mesh with an object boundary based on keypoints, comprising:
step 1, presetting a priority order of aligning an FDTD grid with an object boundary, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the position of a set key point according to the characteristics of two adjacent objects, and dividing the priority of the key point;
step 2, identifying characteristics of two adjacent objects, and setting key points with high priority according to a preset priority order of aligning the FDTD grid with the object boundary;
and 3, adjusting the position of the FDTD grid according to the position of the key point set in the step 2.
2. The method of aligning an FDTD mesh with object boundaries based on keypoints of claim 1, wherein the characteristics of the two adjacent objects comprise: the method comprises the steps of determining the attribute of two objects, the distance between the boundaries of two adjacent objects and the length of the two objects, wherein the attribute of the two adjacent objects comprises the fact that the two adjacent objects are two signal lines or the two adjacent objects are the signal lines and a reference plane.
3. The method of aligning an FDTD mesh with object boundaries based on keypoints of claim 2, wherein the reference plane is: power or ground GND.
4. The method for aligning an FDTD mesh with object boundaries based on keypoints according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the keypoints with high priority in step 2 is: when the collision key points occur, the key points with low priority are ignored, and the key points with high priority are set.
5. The method for aligning an FDTD mesh with an object boundary based on key points according to claim 1, wherein in said step 3, adjusting the position of the FDTD mesh comprises: grid lines are deleted and/or added.
6. The method for aligning an FDTD mesh with object boundaries based on key points of claim 1, wherein said step 1 comprises:
when two adjacent objects are two signal lines;
if the distance between the boundaries of two adjacent signal lines is larger than the grid minimum distance, setting a first key point on each boundary of the two adjacent signal lines, and setting the priority of the first key point to be 1;
if the distance between the boundaries of two adjacent signal lines is smaller than the grid minimum distance, when the lengths of the two signal lines are the same, or when the length difference of the two signal lines is smaller and the ratio of the length of the longer signal line to the length of the shorter signal line is smaller than 2, setting a second key point in the middle of the two signal lines, and setting the priority of the second key point to be 2; when the length difference between the two signal lines is larger and the ratio of the length of the longer signal line to the length of the shorter signal line is greater than or equal to 2, a third key point is set on the boundary of the longer signal line, and the priority of the third key point is set to be 3.
7. The method for aligning an FDTD mesh with object boundaries based on keypoints of claim 6, wherein said step 1 further comprises:
when two adjacent objects are a signal line and a reference plane;
if the distance between the signal line and the reference plane is larger than the minimum grid distance and smaller than five times of trace width, setting a fourth key point on each boundary between the signal line and the reference plane, and setting the priority of the fourth key point as 4;
if the distance between the signal line and the reference plane is smaller than the grid minimum distance or the distance between the signal line and the reference plane is larger than five times of the trace width, setting a fifth key point on the boundary of the signal line, and setting the priority of the fifth key point to be 5;
wherein the trace width is the width of the signal line.
8. The method of aligning an FDTD mesh with object boundaries based on keypoints of claim 7 wherein the mesh minimum pitch is one half the trace width.
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