CN117029910A - Enthalpy exergy monitoring device for thermodynamic system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides enthalpy exergy monitoring equipment for a thermodynamic system, which comprises a data acquisition unit, a data calculation unit and a data remote transmission module, wherein the data acquisition unit is arranged at a sampling point at the air inlet side of the thermodynamic system, the data calculation unit is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit, and the data remote transmission module is in wireless connection with the data calculation unit; the data acquisition unit acquires the pressure P of the sampling point 1 Temperature T 1 And ambient temperature T 0 The data calculation unit calculates the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling points in real time according to the data acquired by the data acquisition unit; and (3) a power supply system: providing electric energy for a thermodynamic system state parameter detection device; DCS system: the data remote transmission module is connected with the DCS system in a wired or wireless mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy, in particular to an enthalpy exergy monitoring device for a thermodynamic system.
Background
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the heat loss of the thermodynamic system according to the first law of thermodynamics is mature for the power generation enterprises and the heat supply enterprises, but the qualitative analysis, particularly the quantitative analysis, of the energy quality of the thermodynamic system by utilizing the second law of thermodynamics lacks effective real-time monitoring means, and the power generation enterprises and the heat supply enterprises have no effective means for quantitative analysis of exergy loss in the energy grading utilization process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide enthalpy exergy monitoring equipment for a thermodynamic system, which can detect the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the thermodynamic system and the heating system of a power plant in real time and quantitatively analyze exergy loss.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized as follows: the thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy monitoring equipment comprises a thermodynamic system state parameter detection device, wherein the thermodynamic system state parameter detection device comprises a data acquisition unit, a data calculation unit and a data remote transmission module, wherein the data acquisition unit is arranged at a sampling point of an air inlet side of a thermodynamic system, the data calculation unit is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit, and the data remote transmission module is in wireless connection with the data calculation unit; the data acquisition unit acquires the pressure P of the sampling point 1 Temperature T 1 And ambient temperature T 0 The data calculation unit calculates the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling points in real time according to the data acquired by the data acquisition unit;
and (3) a power supply system: providing electric energy to the thermodynamic system state parameter detection device;
DCS system: and displaying and calculating management detection data, wherein the data remote transmission module is connected with the DCS system in a wired or wireless mode.
As a further technical scheme, the data acquisition unit comprises a pressure digital sensor and a plurality of temperature digital sensors, and the pressure digital sensor and the temperature digital sensors respectively detect and acquire the pressure P of the sampling point in real time 1 Temperature T 1 And ambient temperature T 0 And transmitting the acquired data to a data calculation unit in real time, and calculating the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling points in real time by the data calculation unit.
As a further technical scheme, the ambient temperature T 0 According to the cooling mode of the condenser of the unit,can be switched between the ambient air temperature, the ambient surface water temperature and the seawater temperature.
As a further technical scheme, the data remote transmission module is connected with the Internet of things cloud platform in an information mode.
As a further technical scheme, the data calculation unit calculates the enthalpy value and the entropy value of the thermodynamic system sampling point according to the following formula:
vapor enthalpy calculation formula:
；
the water vapor entropy value calculation formula:
；
wherein:
T 0 =273.16K；
P 0 =611.2Pa；
h(T 0 ,P 0 )=2500.53kJ/kg=45047.80J/mol；
S(T 0 ,P 0 )=h(T 0 ,P 0 )/T=164.9136J/mol；
V 0 =206.4417m 3 /kg；
the general form of the air state equation:
；
wherein: p (T, V) is the pressure, pa, as a function of the temperature T (K) and of the molar volume V (mMe/mol);
A j is a characteristic constant A j= A jr P C V j C ，Pa(m 3 /mol) j ；
B j ，C j Is a characteristic constant B j= B jr T C P C V j C , C j= C jr T C P C V j C ，Pa(m 3 /mol) j /K；
Wherein:
general constant b= 6.64541 ×10 of water vapor state equation -6 m³/mol；
A 2 =-2.10269(m³/mol) 2 ；
B 2 =2.68529×10 -3 (m³/mol) 2 /K；
C 2 =-4.97949×10 -3 (m³/mol) 2 /K；
A 3 =1.12269×10 -4 (m³/mol) 3 ；
B 3 =-1.46034×10 -7 (m³/mol) 3 /K；
C 3 =2.45502×10 -7 (m³/mol) 3 /K；
A 4 =-1.27361×10 -9 (m³/mol) 4 ；
B 4 =9.97612×10 -13 (m³/mol) 4 /K；
C 4 =0(m³/mol) 4 /K；
A 5 =0(m³/mol) 5 ；
B 5 =9.50514×10 -18 (m³/mol) 5 /K；
C 5 =0(m³/mol) 5 /K；
R is a gas general constant, and the value is 8.314472J/(Kmol);
critical point temperature T c =647.14K；
Critical point pressure P c =2.2064×10 7 Pa；
Critical point density ρ c =322kg/m³；
Water molecular weight m= 18.0153;
critical point molar volume V c =M/（1000ρ c ）=5.5948×10 -5 m³/mol。
As a further technical solution, the data calculation unit calculates the thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy according to the following formula:
enthalpy exergy of stable flowing working substance:
。
as a further technical proposal, the pressure P of the sampling point acquired by the data acquisition unit 1 And temperature T 1 Ambient temperature T 0 Substituting the energy coefficient lambda into a formula to calculate to obtain an enthalpy value, an entropy value and enthalpy exergy of the system at the sampling point, and calculating an energy coefficient lambda of the sampling point, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
。
as a further technical scheme, a plurality of sampling points can be arranged, each sampling point is correspondingly provided with a data acquisition unit, the data acquisition unit of each sampling point is respectively and electrically connected with the data calculation unit of the thermodynamic system state parameter detection device, the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of each sampling point are respectively calculated by the data calculation unit, and the exergy loss between two sampling points can be calculated by taking the difference of the enthalpy exergy between the two sampling points.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention collects the pressure P of the sampling point in real time by arranging the data collecting unit, the data calculating unit and the data remote transmission module 1 Temperature T 1 And ambient temperature T 0 The enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling points are calculated in real time and transmitted to the DCS through the data remote transmission module, and the DCS monitors in real time. Therefore, the digital sensor, the data calculation unit, the data remote transmission module and the DCS are integrated into a real-time monitoring device for the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy state parameters. The thermodynamic equipment can be monitored in real time, fault diagnosis and analysis can be carried out on the thermodynamic system, and exergy loss quantitative data can be provided for operation maintenance personnel so as to judge whether the system is abnormal or not. Meanwhile, the exergy loss of various thermodynamic equipment can be calculated by setting a plurality of sampling points and calculating the enthalpies exergy at different positions of the thermodynamic system in real time, so that real-time quantitative data is provided for reducing exergy loss of engineering personnel.
2. The data remote transmission module is connected with the Internet of things cloud platform, so that the limitation of time and space is solved by utilizing the Internet of things technology, and the state parameter condition of the thermodynamic system can be conveniently checked at any time and place.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy monitoring device in accordance with the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. Sampling points; 2. a sampling point temperature sensor; 3. sampling point pressure sensor numbers; 4. an ambient temperature sensor; 5. environment: atmospheric, marine, surface water; 6. a data acquisition unit; 7. a data calculation unit; 8. a data remote transmission module; 9. a DCS system; 10. internet of things cloud platform.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention proposes a monitoring device for the enthalpy exergy of a thermodynamic system, comprising a thermodynamic system state parameter detection device, a power supply system for supplying electric energy to the thermodynamic system state parameter detection device, and a DCS system 9 for displaying and managing detection data. Wherein the thermodynamic system state parameter detection device comprises a data acquisition unit 6, a data calculation unit 7 and a data remote transmission module 8 which are arranged at sampling points 1 on the air inlet side of the thermodynamic system, wherein the data acquisition unit 6 is responsible for acquiring the pressure P of each sampling point 1 1 Temperature T 1 And ambient temperature T 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The data calculation unit 7 is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit 6 and calculates the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling point 1 in real time according to the acquired data; the data calculation unit 7 is in wireless connection with the data remote transmission module 8, and transmits calculated data to the data remote transmission module 8, and the data remote transmission module 8 transmits the calculated data to the DCS system 9 in a wired or wireless mode.
In particular, the data acquisition unit 6 is composed of a pressure digital sensor and a plurality of temperature digital sensors, wherein the temperature digital sensor and the pressure digital sensor are respectively arranged at the sampling point 1 of the thermodynamic system, the temperature digital sensor comprises a sampling point temperature digital sensor 2 for detecting the temperature of the sampling point and an environment temperature digital sensor 4 for detecting the temperature of the environment, the pressure digital sensor comprises a sampling point pressure digital sensor 3 for detecting the pressure of the sampling point, and the pressure P of the sampling point 1 is detected in real time through each digital sensor 1 Temperature T 1 Ambient temperature T 0 And converts the detected analog quantity signal into a digital signal, transmits the digital signal to the data calculation unit 7, and calculates the digital signal in real time by the data calculation unit 7 according to a calculation formula to obtain an enthalpy value, an entropy value and enthalpy exergy. The data are transmitted to the data remote transmission module 8 in a wireless transmission mode, the data remote transmission module 8 gathers the data after receiving the signals, the data are transmitted to the DCS system 9 in a wired or wireless mode, the DCS system 9 monitors the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling point 1 of the thermal power plant in real time, so that the thermal equipment is monitored in real time, fault diagnosis and analysis are carried out on the thermal system, exergy loss quantitative data are provided for operation maintenance personnel so as to judge whether the system is abnormal or not; and simultaneously, the method is convenient for the staff to adjust the heating parameters timely and accurately.
Wherein the ambient temperature T 0 According to the cooling mode of the condenser of the unit, the temperature of the ambient air temperature, the ambient surface water temperature and the seawater temperature can be selectively switched; the specific switching mode is as follows: if the condenser of the generator set of the thermodynamic system adopts seawater cooling, the ambient temperature T is set 0 The measuring point is arranged at the circulating water inlet of the condenser. If the unit is an air cooling unit, the ambient temperature T 0 The atmospheric temperature is measured directly.
The data remote transmission module 8 is connected with the Internet of things cloud platform in an information manner, so that the limitation of time and space is solved by utilizing the Internet of things technology, and the state parameter condition of the thermodynamic system can be conveniently checked at any time and place. In addition, the data remote transmission module can be optionally matched with a GPRS (general packet radio service) and/or Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) connection mode; in the open no power situation, a GPRS connection can be used; when the field interference is large or the signal is shielded and the GPRS signal is not available, the 4G logistics card can be configured through Wi-Fi connection and when the GPRS connection is used.
In addition, a plurality of sampling points 1 can be arranged at different positions, and a data acquisition unit 6 is correspondingly arranged at each sampling point 1, the data acquisition unit 6 of each sampling point 1 is respectively and electrically connected with a data calculation unit 7 of a thermodynamic system state parameter detection device, namely, a plurality of digital sensors are correspondingly arranged at each sampling point 1 to acquire the pressure P of each sampling point 1 1 Temperature T 1 And a digital sensor is arranged to collect the ambient temperature T 0 Wherein each sampling point 1 shares an ambient temperature T 0 The acquired data are transmitted to a data calculation unit 7, the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of each sampling point 1 are calculated by the data calculation unit 7, the difference of the enthalpy exergy between any two sampling points 1 can be calculated to obtain exergy loss between the two sampling points 1, and the calculated exergy loss is used for system economy analysis and system working condition analysis in operation to provide real-time quantitative data for reducing exergy loss of engineering personnel.
The data calculation unit 7 calculates the enthalpy value and the entropy value of the thermodynamic system sampling point 1 according to the following formula:
vapor enthalpy calculation formula:
；
the water vapor entropy value calculation formula:
；
wherein: the internationally unified rule is that liquid phase water at a three-phase point of water is taken as a datum point, thermodynamic energy and entropy of the point state are defined as 0, and gas phase at the three-phase point is defined as a reference point for calculating vapor enthalpy and entropy of the model. The following data were obtained:
T 0 =273.16K；
P 0 =611.2Pa；
h(T 0 ,P 0 )=2500.53kJ/kg=45047.80J/mol；
S(T 0 ,P 0 )=h(T 0 ,P 0 )/T=164.9136J/mol；
V 0 206.4417 m/kg was calculated from the ideal gas equation.
In addition: the general form of the air state equation:
；
wherein: general constant b= 6.64541 ×10 of water vapor state equation -6 m³/mol；
p (T, V) is the pressure, pa, as a function of the temperature T (K) and of the molar volume V (mMe/mol);
A j is a characteristic constant A j= A jr P C V j C ，Pa(m 3 /mol) j ；
B j ，C j Is a characteristic constant B j= B jr T C P C V j C , C j= C jr T C P C V j C ，Pa(m 3 /mol) j /K；
Steam contrast equation constant (b) r ）=0.1187784
The following data are derived from the above table and the equation for the characteristic constant:
A 2 =-2.10269(m³/mol) 2 ；
B 2 =2.68529×10 -3 (m³/mol) 2 /K；
C 2 =-4.97949×10 -3 (m³/mol) 2 /K；
A 3 =1.12269×10 -4 (m³/mol) 3 ；
B 3 =-1.46034×10 -7 (m³/mol) 3 /K；
C 3 =2.45502×10 -7 (m³/mol) 3 /K；
A 4 =-1.27361×10 -9 (m³/mol) 4 ；
B 4 =9.97612×10 -13 (m³/mol) 4 /K；
C 4 =0(m³/mol) 4 /K；
A 5 =0(m³/mol) 5 ；
B 5 =9.50514×10 -18 (m³/mol) 5 /K；
C 5 =0(m³/mol) 5 /K；
r is a gas general constant, and the value is 8.314472J/(Kmol);
critical point temperature T c =647.14K ；
Critical point pressure P c =2.2064×10 7 Pa；
Critical point density ρ c =322kg/m³；
Water molecular weight m= 18.0153;
critical point molar volume V c =M/（1000ρ c ）=5.5948×10 -5 m³/mol。
Thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy is calculated according to the following formula:
enthalpy exergy of stable flowing working substance:
。
the pressure P of each sampling point 1 acquired by the data acquisition unit 6 1 And temperature T 1 Ambient temperature T 0 Substituting the energy coefficient lambda into a formula to calculate the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the system at each sampling point 1, and calculating the energy coefficient lambda of each sampling point 1, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
。
the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An enthalpy exergy monitoring device for a thermodynamic system, comprising:
the thermodynamic system state parameter detection device comprises: the system comprises a data acquisition unit arranged at a sampling point at the air inlet side of the thermodynamic system, a data calculation unit electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and a data remote transmission module wirelessly connected with the data calculation unit; the data acquisition unit acquires the pressure P of the sampling point 1 Temperature T 1 And ambient temperature T 0 The data calculation unit calculates the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling points in real time according to the data acquired by the data acquisition unit;
and (3) a power supply system: providing electric energy to the thermodynamic system state parameter detection device;
DCS system: and displaying and managing the detection data, wherein the data remote transmission module is connected with the DCS system in a wired or wireless mode.
2. An enthalpy exergy monitoring device for a thermodynamic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition unit includes a pressure digital sensor and a plurality of temperature digital sensors that respectively detect and acquire the pressure P of the sampling points in real time 1 Temperature T 1 And ambient temperature T 0 And transmitting the acquired data to a data calculation unit in real time, and calculating the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of the sampling points in real time by the data calculation unit.
3. Enthalpy exergy monitoring device for a thermodynamic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ambient temperature T 0 According to the cooling mode of the condenser of the unit, the temperature of the ambient air, the temperature of the surface water and the temperature of the seawater can be selectively switched.
4. A monitoring device for thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the data telemetry module is in information connection with an internet of things cloud platform.
5. The monitoring device for thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy according to claim 2, wherein the data calculation unit calculates the enthalpy value, entropy value of thermodynamic system sampling points according to the following formula:
vapor enthalpy calculation formula:
；
the water vapor entropy value calculation formula:
；
wherein:
T 0 =273.16K；
P 0 =611.2Pa；
h(T 0 ,P 0 )=2500.53kJ/kg=45047.80J/mol；
S(T 0 ,P 0 )=h(T 0 ,P 0 )/T=164.9136J/mol；
V 0 =206.4417m 3 /kg；
the general form of the air state equation:
；
wherein: p (T, V) is the pressure, pa, as a function of the temperature T (K) and of the molar volume V (mMe/mol);
A j is a characteristic constant A j= A jr P C V j C ，Pa(m 3 /mol) j ；
B j ，C j Is a characteristic constant B j= B jr T C P C V j C , C j= C jr T C P C V j C ，Pa(m 3 /mol) j /K；
Wherein:
general constant b= 6.64541 ×10 of water vapor state equation -6 m³/mol；
A 2 =-2.10269(m³/mol) 2 ；
B 2 =2.68529×10 -3 (m³/mol) 2 /K；
C 2 =-4.97949×10 -3 (m³/mol) 2 /K；
A 3 =1.12269×10 -4 (m³/mol) 3 ；
B 3 =-1.46034×10 -7 (m³/mol) 3 /K；
C 3 =2.45502×10 -7 (m³/mol) 3 /K；
A 4 =-1.27361×10 -9 (m³/mol) 4 ；
B 4 =9.97612×10 -13 (m³/mol) 4 /K；
C 4 =0(m³/mol) 4 /K；
A 5 =0(m³/mol) 5 ；
B 5 =9.50514×10 -18 (m³/mol) 5 /K；
C 5 =0(m³/mol) 5 /K；
R is a gas general constant, and the value is 8.314472J/(Kmol);
critical point temperature T c =647.14K；
Critical point pressure P c =2.2064×10 7 Pa；
Critical point density ρ c =322kg/m³；
Water molecular weight m= 18.0153;
critical point molar volume V c =M/（1000ρ c ）=5.5948×10 -5 m³/mol。
6. The monitoring device for thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy according to claim 5, wherein the data calculation unit calculates thermodynamic system enthalpy exergy according to the following formula:
enthalpy exergy of stable flowing working substance:
。
7. the enthalpy exergy monitoring device for a thermodynamic system according to claim 6, characterized in that the pressure P of the sampling point acquired by the data acquisition unit is determined 1 And temperature T 1 Ambient temperature T 0 Substituting the energy coefficient lambda into a formula to calculate to obtain an enthalpy value, an entropy value and enthalpy exergy of the system at the sampling point, and calculating an energy coefficient lambda of the sampling point, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
。
8. the monitoring device for the enthalpy exergy of the thermodynamic system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sampling points can be provided, a data acquisition unit is correspondingly arranged at each sampling point, the data acquisition unit of each sampling point is respectively and electrically connected with the data calculation unit of the state parameter detection device of the thermodynamic system, the enthalpy value, the entropy value and the enthalpy exergy of each sampling point are respectively calculated by the data calculation unit, and the exergy loss between two sampling points can be calculated by taking the difference of the enthalpy exergy between two sampling points.
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