CN117028838A - Integrated regulating device and method for liquid hydrogen storage and supply system - Google Patents
Integrated regulating device and method for liquid hydrogen storage and supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117028838A CN117028838A CN202310974218.6A CN202310974218A CN117028838A CN 117028838 A CN117028838 A CN 117028838A CN 202310974218 A CN202310974218 A CN 202310974218A CN 117028838 A CN117028838 A CN 117028838A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 384
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated regulating device and method for a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy. The invention adopts a simple structure and an easy-to-process sonic nozzle assembly to replace the existing large-volume components such as a regulating valve, a flowmeter and the like, is not influenced by factors such as a downstream power device, a pipeline and the like, and realizes the uniform coupling of the flow regulation and the parameter measurement of the hydrogen medium; the downstream pressure of the sonic nozzle is reduced to the maximum extent through the characteristic of Zhong Zhengqing conversion heat absorption, so that the corresponding sonic nozzle is ensured to reach a critical state, and the calculation accuracy of actual flow parameters is ensured; by utilizing the characteristics of throttling and heating when the temperature of the hydrogen is higher than the return temperature and throttling and cooling when the temperature is lower than the return temperature, various coolant circulation modes are designed, and the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to an integrated regulating device and method for a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system.
Background
The annual carbon emissions in the aeronautics industry account for 2% of the global carbon emissions, 99% of which originate from aircraft fuel consumption. Hydrogen energy is the most likely source of power to be used by future aviation aircraft. One of the main modes of using hydrogen energy sources for aircraft is to use the hydrogen energy sources as a power source of a hydrogen air fuel cell, and the hydrogen energy sources can be widely used in the fields of small-sized branch aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles. Because the density of the gas hydrogen is smaller, when the gas hydrogen is used as a main energy source of an aviation aircraft, the liquid hydrogen is used as an airborne storage form, the volume of the liquid hydrogen is ten times that of aviation kerosene with the same mass, and the gas hydrogen has the characteristics of good stability and high safety, and can realize the storage and the transportation of a large amount of hydrogen in various environments. However, in the low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage technology, the weight of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the matched components thereof account for a large proportion, and the weight ratio parameter of the whole system is seriously influenced, so that the weight reduction of the hydrogen storage system becomes an important index, the cost of the hydrogen storage system can be reduced, and the product competitiveness and the vehicle driving mileage are improved. The liquid hydrogen storage and supply system often needs to realize the regulation and the measurement of hydrogen flow simultaneously, but parts such as a regulating valve, a flowmeter and the like which are matched conventionally have large volume and weight, and the design target of the light weight of the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated regulating device and method for a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system, which utilize parallel-running sonic nozzles to realize deep integration of hydrogen flow regulating operation and measuring operation, enable the sonic nozzles to reach a critical state through Zhong Zhengqing heat absorption conversion characteristics, realize hydrogen flow calculation through the sonic nozzles, design various running modes according to hydrogen throttling characteristics, and realize the overall high-efficiency heat integration of the system.
The specific technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an integrated regulator of a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system, comprising a hydrogen pipeline, a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer, a hydrogen heat exchanger, an integrated regulator, a cooler, a hydrogen air fuel cell, a coolant circulation pipeline and an air pipeline;
the inside of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, the hydrogen heat exchanger and the cooler are respectively provided with a first channel and a second channel which can form heat exchange contact;
the hydrogen pipeline is sequentially connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the liquid hydrogen stop valve, the liquid hydrogen pump, the first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, the first channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger, the integrated regulator, the second channel of the cooler and the hydrogen empty fuel cell, and is used for vaporizing a liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and then conveying the vaporized liquid hydrogen medium to the hydrogen empty fuel cell for reaction;
the integrated regulator comprises a high-pressure container and a low-pressure container inside; the hydrogen pipeline is firstly connected with a high-pressure container in the integrated regulator and then divided into a plurality of parallel branches, each branch is respectively and sequentially connected with a control valve and a sound speed nozzle, and the branches are then commonly connected with a low-pressure container;
the high-pressure container is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for measuring internal state parameters, and the low-pressure container is internally provided with a Zhong Zhengqing converter; zhong Zhengqing converters are used to reduce the pressure inside the low pressure vessel by converting the endothermic character of Zhong Zhengqing;
all the control valves, the temperature sensors and the pressure sensors are connected with the controller through power signal wires, and the controller can control the start and stop of each control valve through input signal parameters of the temperature sensors and the pressure sensors;
the air pipeline is sequentially connected with the air compressor, the air stop valve, the second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the hydrogen air fuel cell, and is used for compressing and cooling external air and then conveying the compressed external air to the hydrogen air fuel cell for reaction;
the front end of the coolant circulation pipeline is divided into two branches, the first branch flows through the first cooling valve, the second branch sequentially flows through the second cooling valve and the first channel of the cooler, then the two branches are combined, and the two branches sequentially flow through the second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger, the coolant circulation pump and the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell, are communicated with the front end of the coolant circulation pipeline and form a circulation loop; the coolant circulation pipeline is used for carrying out heat management on the hydrogen air fuel cell by utilizing the cold energy of the low-temperature hydrogen gas, so that the operation efficiency of the hydrogen air fuel cell is improved.
Preferably, the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the liquid hydrogen pump, the liquid hydrogen stop valve and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer are all wrapped with heat insulation materials for reducing heat leakage.
Preferably, the coolant circulation line is filled with a coolant.
Preferably, three parallel branches are arranged in the integrated regulator, the first branch is sequentially connected with the first electric control valve and the first sonic nozzle, the second branch is sequentially connected with the second electric control valve and the second sonic nozzle, and the third branch is sequentially connected with the third electric control valve and the third sonic nozzle.
Preferably, the control valve is an electrically controlled valve or an integrated mechanical valve.
Preferably, the Zhong Zhengqing converter is a metal porous medium coated with a para-ortho-hydrogen conversion catalyst.
Preferably, the pressure difference between the front and rear of the high pressure container and the low pressure container can make the hydrogen inside each sonic nozzle reach a critical state.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for operating an integrated regulator of a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to any one of the first aspect, wherein the two modes S1 and S2 are divided according to the temperature value of hydrogen entering each sonic nozzle, specifically as follows:
s1, when the temperature of hydrogen in the high-pressure container is less than 190K, the high-pressure hydrogen passing through the sonic nozzle is cooled, and the high-pressure hydrogen has larger cold recovery potential, so that the following operation is performed:
s101, opening a liquid hydrogen stop valve and each control valve, and starting a liquid hydrogen pump; the liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank sequentially passes through a liquid hydrogen stop valve and a liquid hydrogen pump and enters a first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, and is converted into high-pressure hydrogen after absorbing air heat; the high-pressure hydrogen enters a first channel of a hydrogen heat exchanger, absorbs the heat of the coolant to further heat, but makes the outlet temperature smaller than the switching back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, and then enters an integrated regulator to carry out flow regulation and measurement;
s102, high-pressure hydrogen flowing out of a hydrogen heat exchanger enters a high-pressure container and then enters each branch, the branches are respectively converted into low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen by a control valve and a sonic nozzle, then all the branches are converged and enter the low-pressure container, and under the action of a Zhong Zhengqing converter, the low-pressure hydrogen is subjected to Zhong Zhengqing conversion and further cooling, so that the pressure in the low-pressure container is further reduced, and all the sonic nozzles reach a critical state;
s103, measuring the temperature T of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container through a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor 0 And pressure P 0 Parameters are substituted into the controller through a power signal wire, the controller obtains the hydrogen flow value of a single sonic nozzle through a mass flow formula, and the start and stop of each control valve are adjusted according to the hydrogen consumption requirement of the hydrogen air fuel cell, so that the integration of hydrogen flow regulation and measurement is realized;
the mass flow formula is as follows:
wherein C is d For the outflow coefficient, C r As a practical critical flow function, A t For sonic nozzle area, R m Is a constant;
the low-pressure hydrogen flowing out of the integrated regulator enters a second channel of the cooler along a hydrogen pipeline, absorbs the heat of the coolant, and then rises again, and then enters a hydrogen-air fuel cell for reaction;
s104, opening an air stop valve, and starting an air compressor; external air enters an air pipeline and sequentially passes through an air compressor and an air stop valve, then enters a second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, absorbs liquid hydrogen cooling capacity, then cools down, and then enters a hydrogen air fuel cell for reaction;
s105, opening a second cooling valve, and starting a coolant circulating pump; the high-temperature coolant from the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell passes through the second cooling valve and then enters the first channel of the cooler for precooling, then enters the second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger, absorbs low-temperature hydrogen cooling capacity for cooling again, is converted into low-temperature coolant, and then enters the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell again through the coolant circulating pump to cool the hydrogen air fuel cell, so that the operation efficiency of the hydrogen air fuel cell is improved;
s2, when the temperature of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container is more than or equal to the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, the high-pressure hydrogen passing through the sonic nozzle is heated, and the cold recovery potential is small, so that the following operation is performed:
s201, opening a liquid hydrogen stop valve and each control valve, and starting a liquid hydrogen pump; the liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank sequentially passes through a liquid hydrogen stop valve and a liquid hydrogen pump and enters a first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, and is converted into high-pressure hydrogen after absorbing air heat; the high-pressure hydrogen enters a first channel of a hydrogen heat exchanger, absorbs the heat of the coolant to further heat, but enables the outlet temperature to be more than or equal to the return temperature 190K of the hydrogen, and then enters an integrated regulator to carry out flow regulation and measurement;
s202, high-pressure hydrogen flowing out of a hydrogen heat exchanger enters a high-pressure container and then enters each branch, the branches are respectively converted into high-temperature low-pressure hydrogen through a control valve and a sonic nozzle, then all the branches are converged and enter a low-pressure container, and under the action of a Zhong Zhengqing converter, the low-pressure hydrogen is subjected to Zhong Zhengqing conversion and further cooling, so that the pressure in the low-pressure container is further reduced, and all the sonic nozzles reach a critical state;
s203, measuring the temperature T of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container by a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor 0 And pressure P 0 Parameters are substituted into the controller through a power signal wire, the controller obtains the hydrogen flow value of a single sonic nozzle through a mass flow formula, and the start and stop of each control valve are adjusted according to the hydrogen consumption requirement of the hydrogen air fuel cell, so that the integration of hydrogen flow regulation and measurement is realized;
the low-pressure hydrogen flowing out of the integrated regulator enters a second channel of the cooler along a hydrogen pipeline and then enters a hydrogen air fuel cell for reaction;
s204, opening an air stop valve, and starting an air compressor; external air enters an air pipeline and sequentially passes through an air compressor and an air stop valve, then enters a second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, absorbs liquid hydrogen cooling capacity, then cools down, and then enters a hydrogen air fuel cell for reaction;
s205, opening a first cooling valve, starting a coolant circulating pump, enabling high-temperature coolant from a cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell to enter a second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger through the first cooling valve, absorbing low-temperature hydrogen cooling capacity to cool, converting the low-temperature coolant into low-temperature coolant, enabling the low-temperature coolant to enter the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell again through the coolant circulating pump to cool the hydrogen air fuel cell, and improving the operation efficiency of the hydrogen air fuel cell.
Note that the technical features in the above preferred embodiments can be combined without mutual conflict, and are not limited.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding and beneficial technical effects: the sonic nozzle assembly with simple structure and easy processing is adopted to replace large-volume components such as an existing regulating valve, a flowmeter and the like, is not influenced by factors such as a downstream power device, a pipeline and the like, and realizes the uniform coupling of flow regulation and parameter measurement of a hydrogen medium; the downstream pressure of the sonic nozzle is reduced to the maximum extent through the characteristic of Zhong Zhengqing conversion heat absorption, so that the corresponding sonic nozzle is ensured to reach a critical state, and the calculation accuracy of actual flow parameters is ensured; by utilizing the characteristics of throttling and heating when the temperature of the hydrogen is higher than the return temperature and throttling and cooling when the temperature is lower than the return temperature, various coolant circulation modes are designed, and the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated regulator for a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to the present invention.
In the figure: the hydrogen pipeline 1, the liquid hydrogen storage tank 2, the liquid hydrogen stop valve 3, the liquid hydrogen pump 4, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, the hydrogen heat exchanger 6, the integrated regulator 7, the high-pressure container 8, the first electric control valve 9, the second electric control valve 10, the third electric control valve 11, the first sonic nozzle 12, the second sonic nozzle 13, the third sonic nozzle 14, the low-pressure container 15, the Zhong Zhengqing converter 16, the cooler 17, the hydrogen air fuel cell 18, the power signal line 19, the temperature sensor 20, the pressure sensor 21, the controller 22, the coolant circulation pipeline 23, the first cooling valve 24, the second cooling valve 25, the coolant circulation pump 26, the air pipeline 27, the air compressor 28 and the air stop valve 29.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined correspondingly on the premise of no mutual conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected with intervening elements present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for the purpose of indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "low temperature" and "high temperature" (such as "low temperature hydrogen", "low temperature coolant", and "high temperature coolant") both refer to high temperature or low temperature compared to the temperature of the same medium in the same pathway, and are not to be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a temperature value that indicates the indicated technical feature. Likewise, the terms "high pressure" and "low pressure" (e.g., "high pressure hydrogen" and "low pressure hydrogen") refer to either high pressure or low pressure as compared to the pressure of the same medium in the same passageway, and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the pressure value of the indicated technical feature.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the expressions "high pressure" and "low pressure" in the components "high pressure vessel" and "low pressure vessel" are used for the purpose of distinguishing between the relative high and low descriptions only and are not to be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or absolute pressure limitations implicitly indicating the technical features indicated.
Referring to fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an integrated regulator of a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system, the components of which mainly include a hydrogen line 1, a liquid hydrogen tank 2, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, a hydrogen heat exchanger 6, an integrated regulator 7, a cooler 17, a hydrogen air fuel cell 18, a coolant circulation line 23, and an air line 27. The cooperative operational relationship between the components is described in detail below.
The liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 has a first passage and a second passage in heat exchange contact, the first passage is used for introducing liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 2, the second passage is used for introducing air compressed by the air compressor 28, the liquid hydrogen absorbs heat of the compressed air to raise temperature and vaporize, and the air absorbs cold energy of the liquid hydrogen to cool down and cool down to enter the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 for reaction. The hydrogen heat exchanger 6 has a first passage and a second passage in heat exchange contact, the first passage is used for introducing liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 2, the second passage is used for introducing coolant circulating in the coolant circulation pipeline 23, the liquid hydrogen continues to be heated and vaporized after absorbing heat of the coolant, and the coolant is cooled after absorbing cold of the liquid hydrogen so as to cool and thermally manage the hydrogen air fuel cell 18. The cooler 17 has a first channel and a second channel inside, which can form heat exchange contact, the first channel is used for introducing high-temperature coolant flowing out of the hydrogen air fuel cell 18, the second channel is used for introducing liquid hydrogen flowing out of the integrated regulator 7, the cooler 17 only operates in the mode S1 (namely, the temperature of hydrogen inside the high-pressure container 8 is smaller than the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen), at the moment, the cooling capacity of the coolant absorbing liquid hydrogen is primarily reduced, and the heat of the liquid hydrogen absorbing coolant is continuously heated up and vaporized so as to be introduced into the hydrogen air fuel cell 18 for reaction.
In the device of the invention, a hydrogen pipeline 1 is sequentially connected with a liquid hydrogen storage tank 2, a liquid hydrogen stop valve 3, a liquid hydrogen pump 4, a first channel of a liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, a first channel of a hydrogen heat exchanger 6, an integrated regulator 7, a second channel of a cooler 17 and a hydrogen empty fuel cell 18, namely, the head end of the hydrogen pipeline 1 is communicated with the liquid hydrogen storage tank 2, and the tail end of the hydrogen pipeline is communicated with the hydrogen empty fuel cell 18, so that liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 2 is vaporized and then is conveyed to the hydrogen empty fuel cell 18 for reaction.
In the device according to the invention, the integrated regulator 7 should be a relatively closed vessel device, in which the high-pressure vessel 8, the low-pressure vessel 15 and the control unit 22 are arranged. The front end of the hydrogen pipeline 1 positioned in the integrated regulator 7 is firstly connected with a high-pressure container 8 and then divided into a plurality of branches, the branches are connected in parallel, a control valve and an audio nozzle are respectively arranged on each branch in sequence along the medium flow direction, and the branches are then commonly connected with a low-pressure container 15.
In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the integrated regulator 7 has three branches inside, namely a first branch connected in sequence to the first electrically controlled valve 9 and the first sonic nozzle 12, a second branch connected in sequence to the second electrically controlled valve 10 and the second sonic nozzle 13, and a third branch connected in sequence to the third electrically controlled valve 11 and the third sonic nozzle 14. Of course, the plurality of parallel electrically controlled valves can be replaced by integrated mechanical opening valves as required. According to the invention, the sonic nozzle and the control valve are arranged on two or more parallel branches, so that the regulation and measurement of different hydrogen flows can be realized.
In the device according to the invention, a temperature sensor 20 and a pressure sensor 21 are provided on the high-pressure vessel 8, the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21 being used for measuring a state parameter inside the high-pressure vessel 8. The Zhong Zhengqing converter 16 and Zhong Zhengqing converter 16 are arranged in the low-pressure container 15, and the pressure in the low-pressure container 15 can be reduced by the characteristic that the converter 16 absorbs heat through para-hydrogen conversion.
In a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, the Zhong Zhengqing converter can be a metal porous media coated with a para-normal hydrogen conversion catalyst. The pressure difference between the front and the rear of the high-pressure container and the low-pressure container can enable the hydrogen inside each sonic nozzle to reach a critical state.
In the device of the invention, a power signal wire 19 is sequentially connected with each control valve, a temperature sensor 20, a pressure sensor 21 and a controller 22, and the controller 22 controls the start and stop of each control valve through input signal parameters of the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21.
In a preferred embodiment of the device, taking three branches as an example, the first electric control valve 9, the second electric control valve 10, the third electric control valve 11, the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21 are all connected with the controller 22 through the power signal lines 19, and in actual use, the controller 22 can feedback control the start and stop of the first electric control valve 9, the second electric control valve 10 and the third electric control valve 11 through input signal parameters of the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21, so that the adjustment of different hydrogen flows is realized.
In the apparatus of the present invention, the air line 27 is connected in order to the air compressor 28, the air shut-off valve 29, the second passage of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18, that is, the head end of the air line 27 is connected to the outside atmosphere and the tail end is connected to the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 in the medium flow direction, and the outside air can be supplied to the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 for reaction after being compressed and cooled.
In the apparatus of the present invention, the hydrogen-air fuel cell includes two raw material inlets for introducing air and hydrogen gas, respectively, the inlet for introducing hydrogen gas communicates with the end of the hydrogen line 1, and the inlet for introducing air communicates with the end of the air line 27. The hydrogen-air fuel cell 20 further has a cooling passage as a part of the coolant circulation line 23. When in actual use, the coolant flows in the cooling channel, so that the thermal management of the battery can be realized, and the running efficiency of the battery is improved.
In the device of the invention, the front end of the coolant circulation pipeline 23 is divided into two branches, the first branch flows through the first cooling valve 24, the second branch flows through the second cooling valve 25 and the first channel of the cooler 17 in sequence, then the two branches are combined into one pipeline and sequentially flow through the second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6, the coolant circulation pump 26 and the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell 18, and finally the two branches are communicated with the front end of the coolant circulation pipeline 23 to form a circulation loop. The front end of the coolant circulation line 23 here refers to the outlet position of the cooling passage of the hydrogen-empty fuel cell 18. The coolant circulation line 23 can thermally manage the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 by utilizing the cold energy of the low-temperature hydrogen gas, and improve the operation efficiency of the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18.
In practical use, the first cooling valve 24 or the second cooling valve 25 is selectively opened according to the value of the temperature of the hydrogen gas entering the sonic nozzle (i.e., the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the high-pressure vessel 8). When the temperature of the hydrogen gas inside the high-pressure vessel 8 is less than the switch-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen gas, the second cooling valve 25 is opened; when the temperature of the hydrogen gas in the high-pressure vessel 8 is equal to or higher than the switch-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen gas, the first cooling valve 24 is opened.
In a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, the exterior of the main components of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, liquid hydrogen pump, liquid hydrogen shut-off valve, liquid hydrogen vaporizer, etc. should be covered with a thermal insulation material to reduce system heat leakage.
In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the integrated regulator of the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system shown in fig. 1, an operation method of the integrated regulator of the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system is further provided, which specifically includes the following steps:
it should be noted that the method first controls all valves to be in a closed state and all devices to be in a stop state. The system can be divided into two modes of operation based on the value of the temperature of the hydrogen entering the sonic nozzle.
S1, in the first mode, the temperature of hydrogen in the high-pressure container 8 is lower than the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, and the high-pressure hydrogen passing through the sonic nozzle is cooled, so that the high-pressure hydrogen has a larger cold recovery potential;
and S101, opening the liquid hydrogen stop valve 3 and each control valve, and starting the liquid hydrogen pump 4. The liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 2 sequentially passes through the liquid hydrogen stop valve 3 and the liquid hydrogen pump 4 and enters the first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and the liquid hydrogen medium is converted into high-pressure hydrogen after absorbing air heat in the first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5. The high pressure hydrogen then enters the first pass of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6 where it absorbs coolant heat further to heat up, but requires an outlet temperature less than the return temperature 190K of hydrogen, and then enters the integrated regulator 7 for flow regulation and measurement.
S102, high-pressure hydrogen flowing out of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6 enters the high-pressure container 8 and then enters each branch, the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen through the control valve and the sonic nozzle in the branch, and then the low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen is converged from each branch and enters the low-pressure container 15. Under the action of Zhong Zhengqing converter 16, the low-pressure hydrogen is subjected to Zhong Zhengqing conversion and further cooled, so that the pressure in low-pressure container 15 is further reduced, and each sonic nozzle 14 reaches a critical state.
S103, measuring the high pressure by the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21Temperature T of Hydrogen inside Container 8 0 And pressure P 0 Parameters are substituted into the controller 22 through the power signal line 19, the controller 22 obtains the hydrogen flow value of a single sonic nozzle through a mass flow formula, and the start and stop of each control valve are adjusted according to the hydrogen consumption requirement of the hydrogen air fuel cell 18, so that the integration of hydrogen flow regulation and measurement is realized.
Wherein, the mass flow formula is as follows:
wherein C is d For the outflow coefficient, C r As a practical critical flow function, A t For sonic nozzle area, R m Is constant.
The low-pressure hydrogen flowing out of the integrated regulator 7 enters the second channel of the cooler 17 along the hydrogen pipeline 1, absorbs the heat of the coolant, rises again, and then enters the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 for reaction.
S104, opening the air stop valve 29, and starting the air compressor 28. The external air enters the air pipeline 27 and sequentially passes through the air compressor 28 and the air stop valve 29, then enters the second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, absorbs the liquid hydrogen cooling capacity, then cools down, and then enters the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 for reaction.
S105, the second cooling valve 25 is opened, and the coolant circulation pump 26 is started. The high-temperature coolant from the cooling channel of the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 passes through the second cooling valve 25 and then enters the first channel of the cooler 17 for precooling, then enters the second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6, absorbs low-temperature hydrogen cooling capacity for cooling again, is converted into low-temperature coolant, and then enters the cooling channel of the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 again through the coolant circulating pump 26 to cool down the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18, so that the operation efficiency of the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 is improved. The coolant cooled by the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 absorbs heat to be changed into high-temperature coolant again, then the coolant continuously passes through the second cooling valve 25 and enters the first channel of the cooler 17 to be precooled, the steps are repeated, the circulating operation of the coolant is realized, and the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 is continuously cooled.
S2, in the second mode, the temperature of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container 8 is higher than the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, and the high-pressure hydrogen passing through the sonic nozzle is heated at the moment, so that the cold recovery potential is low;
in the operation process of the second mode, the steps (1) to (4) are substantially the same as the first mode, and the step (5) has a difference, which will be described in detail below:
and S201, opening the liquid hydrogen stop valve 3 and each control valve, and starting the liquid hydrogen pump 4. The liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 2 sequentially passes through the liquid hydrogen stop valve 3 and the liquid hydrogen pump 4 and enters the first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and the liquid hydrogen medium is converted into high-pressure hydrogen after absorbing air heat in the first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5. The high-pressure hydrogen then enters the first channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6, absorbs the heat of the coolant in the first channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6 to further heat up, but needs to make the outlet temperature equal to or higher than the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, and then enters the integrated regulator 7 for flow regulation and measurement.
S202, high-pressure hydrogen flowing out of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6 enters the high-pressure container 8 and then enters each branch, and the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into high-temperature low-pressure hydrogen through the control valve and the sonic nozzle in the branch. The high temperature low pressure hydrogen is then collected by the branches and enters the low pressure vessel 15, the low pressure hydrogen is converted Zhong Zhengqing and further cooled under the action of the Zhong Zhengqing converter 16, the pressure in the low pressure vessel 15 is further reduced, and the sonic nozzles 14 reach a critical state.
S203, measuring the temperature T of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container 8 by the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21 0 And pressure P 0 Parameters are substituted into the controller 22 through the power signal line 19, the controller 22 obtains the hydrogen flow value of a single sonic nozzle through a mass flow formula, and the start and stop of each control valve are adjusted according to the hydrogen consumption requirement of the hydrogen air fuel cell 18, so that the integration of hydrogen flow regulation and measurement is realized.
Wherein, the mass flow formula is as follows:
wherein C is d For the outflow coefficient, C r As a practical critical flow function, A t For sonic nozzle area, R m Is constant.
The low pressure hydrogen gas flowing out of the integrated regulator 7 enters the second passage of the cooler 17 along the hydrogen line 1 and then enters the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 for reaction.
S204, opening the air stop valve 29, and starting the air compressor 28. The external air enters the air pipeline 27 and sequentially passes through the air compressor 28 and the air stop valve 29, then enters the second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, absorbs the liquid hydrogen cooling capacity, then cools down, and then enters the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 for reaction.
S205, the first cooling valve 24 is opened, the coolant circulation pump 26 is started, the high-temperature coolant from the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell 18 enters the second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger 6 through the first cooling valve 24, absorbs low-temperature hydrogen cooling energy to cool and is converted into low-temperature coolant, and then enters the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell 18 again through the coolant circulation pump 26 to cool the hydrogen air fuel cell 18, so that the operation efficiency of the hydrogen air fuel cell 18 is improved. The coolant cooled by the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 absorbs heat to be changed into high-temperature coolant again, then the coolant continuously passes through the first cooling valve 24 and enters the first channel of the cooler 17 to be precooled, the steps are repeated, the circulating operation of the coolant is realized, and the hydrogen-air fuel cell 18 is continuously cooled.
The numbers (e.g., S1, S2, etc.) in the above steps do not refer to the order of operation in actual use, but merely to distinguish between implementation of a certain path or a certain function, and in actual operation, a certain number of steps may be performed simultaneously, separately or sequentially, as required.
The above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The integrated regulating device of the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system is characterized by comprising a hydrogen pipeline (1), a liquid hydrogen storage tank (2), a liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5), a hydrogen heat exchanger (6), an integrated regulator (7), a cooler (17), a hydrogen air fuel cell (18), a coolant circulation pipeline (23) and an air pipeline (27);
the inside of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5), the hydrogen heat exchanger (6) and the cooler (17) are respectively provided with a first channel and a second channel which can form heat exchange contact;
the hydrogen pipeline (1) is sequentially connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank (2), the liquid hydrogen stop valve (3), the liquid hydrogen pump (4), the first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5), the first channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger (6), the second channel of the integrated regulator (7) and the cooler (17) and the hydrogen air fuel cell (18), and is used for vaporizing a liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (2) and then conveying the vaporized liquid hydrogen medium to the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) for reaction;
the integrated regulator (7) internally comprises a high-pressure container (8) and a low-pressure container (15); the hydrogen pipeline (1) is firstly connected with a high-pressure container (8) in the integrated regulator (7), then is divided into a plurality of parallel branches, each branch is respectively and sequentially connected with a control valve and a sound speed nozzle, and the plurality of branches are then commonly connected with a low-pressure container (15);
a temperature sensor (20) and a pressure sensor (21) for measuring internal state parameters are arranged on the high-pressure container (8), and a Zhong Zhengqing converter (16) is arranged in the low-pressure container (15); zhong Zhengqing converter (16) is used to reduce the pressure inside the low pressure vessel (15) by converting the endothermic character of Zhong Zhengqing;
all control valves, temperature sensors (20) and pressure sensors (21) are connected with a controller (22) through power signal lines (19), and the controller (22) can control the start and stop of each control valve through input signal parameters of the temperature sensors (20) and the pressure sensors (21);
the air pipeline (27) is sequentially connected with an air compressor (28), an air stop valve (29), a second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5) and the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) and is used for compressing and cooling external air and then conveying the compressed external air to the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) for reaction;
the front end of the coolant circulation pipeline (23) is divided into two branches, the first branch flows through the first cooling valve (24), the second branch sequentially flows through the second cooling valve (25) and the first channel of the cooler (17), then the two branches are combined, and the two branches sequentially flow through the second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger (6), the coolant circulation pump (26) and the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18), are communicated with the front end of the coolant circulation pipeline (23), and form a circulation loop; the coolant circulation pipeline (23) is used for performing heat management on the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) by utilizing the cold energy of the low-temperature hydrogen gas, so that the operation efficiency of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) is improved.
2. The integrated regulating device of a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank (2), the liquid hydrogen pump (4), the liquid hydrogen stop valve (3) and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5) are all wrapped with heat insulation materials for reducing heat leakage.
3. The integrated regulator of a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the coolant circulation line (23) is filled with coolant.
4. The integrated regulating device of the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, wherein three parallel branches are arranged inside the integrated regulator (7), the first branch is sequentially connected with the first electric control valve (9) and the first sonic nozzle (12), the second branch is sequentially connected with the second electric control valve (10) and the second sonic nozzle (13), and the third branch is sequentially connected with the third electric control valve (11) and the third sonic nozzle (14).
5. The integrated regulator of the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, wherein the control valve is an electrically controlled valve or an integrated mechanical valve.
6. A liquid hydrogen storage and supply system integrated regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Zhong Zhengqing converter (16) is a metal porous medium coated with a para-ortho-hydrogen conversion catalyst.
7. The integrated regulator of liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure difference between the front and rear of the high pressure container (8) and the low pressure container (15) can make the hydrogen inside each sonic nozzle reach critical state.
8. An operating method of an integrated regulating device using the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the two modes S1 and S2 are divided according to the hydrogen temperature value inside the high pressure vessel (8), specifically as follows:
s1, when the temperature of hydrogen in the high-pressure container (8) is smaller than the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, the high-pressure hydrogen passing through the sonic nozzle is cooled, and the high-pressure hydrogen has larger cold recovery potential, so that the following operation is performed:
s101, opening a liquid hydrogen stop valve (3) and each control valve, and starting a liquid hydrogen pump (4); the liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (2) sequentially passes through the liquid hydrogen stop valve (3) and the liquid hydrogen pump (4) and enters a first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5), and is converted into high-pressure hydrogen after absorbing air heat; the high-pressure hydrogen enters a first channel of a hydrogen heat exchanger (6), absorbs the heat of the coolant to further heat, but makes the outlet temperature smaller than the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, and then enters an integrated regulator (7) to carry out flow regulation and measurement;
s102, high-pressure hydrogen flowing out of a hydrogen heat exchanger (6) enters a high-pressure container (8) and then enters each branch, the branches are respectively converted into low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen through a control valve and a sonic nozzle, then the branches are converged and enter a low-pressure container (15), the low-pressure hydrogen is subjected to Zhong Zhengqing conversion and further cooling under the action of a Zhong Zhengqing converter (16), so that the pressure in the low-pressure container (15) is further reduced, and each sonic nozzle (14) reaches a critical state;
s103, measuring the temperature T of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container (8) through the temperature sensor (20) and the pressure sensor (21) 0 And pressure P 0 Parameter and go throughThe power supply signal wire (19) substitutes the power supply signal wire into the controller (22), the controller (22) obtains the hydrogen flow value of a single sonic nozzle through a mass flow formula, and the start and stop of each control valve are adjusted according to the hydrogen consumption requirement of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18), so that the integration of hydrogen flow regulation and measurement is realized;
the mass flow formula is as follows:
wherein C is d For the outflow coefficient, C r As a practical critical flow function, A t For sonic nozzle area, R m Is a constant;
the low-pressure hydrogen flowing out of the integrated regulator (7) enters a second channel of the cooler (17) along the hydrogen pipeline (1), absorbs the heat of the coolant, and then rises again, and enters a hydrogen-air fuel cell (18) for reaction;
s104, opening an air stop valve (29) and starting an air compressor (28); the external air enters an air pipeline (27) and sequentially passes through an air compressor (28) and an air stop valve (29), then enters a second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5), absorbs liquid hydrogen cooling capacity, then cools down, and then enters a hydrogen air fuel cell (18) for reaction;
s105, opening a second cooling valve (25), and starting a coolant circulating pump (26); the high-temperature coolant from the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) enters the first channel of the cooler (17) for precooling after passing through the second cooling valve (25), then enters the second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger (6), absorbs the low-temperature hydrogen cooling energy for cooling again, is converted into low-temperature coolant, and then enters the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) again through the coolant circulating pump (26) to cool down the hydrogen air fuel cell (18), so that the operation efficiency of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) is improved;
s2, when the temperature of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container (8) is more than or equal to the turning-back temperature 190K of the hydrogen, the high-pressure hydrogen passing through the sonic nozzle is heated, and the cold recovery potential is small, so that the following operation is performed:
s201, opening a liquid hydrogen stop valve (3) and each control valve, and starting a liquid hydrogen pump (4); the liquid hydrogen medium in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (2) sequentially passes through the liquid hydrogen stop valve (3) and the liquid hydrogen pump (4) and enters a first channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5), and is converted into high-pressure hydrogen after absorbing air heat; the high-pressure hydrogen enters a first channel of a hydrogen heat exchanger (6), absorbs the heat of a coolant to further heat, but enables the outlet temperature to be more than or equal to the return temperature 190K of the hydrogen, and then enters an integrated regulator (7) to carry out flow regulation and measurement;
s202, high-pressure hydrogen flowing out of a hydrogen heat exchanger (6) enters a high-pressure container (8) and then enters each branch, the branches are respectively converted into high-temperature low-pressure hydrogen through a control valve and a sonic nozzle, then the branches are converged and enter a low-pressure container (15), the low-pressure hydrogen is subjected to Zhong Zhengqing conversion and further cooling under the action of a Zhong Zhengqing converter (16), so that the pressure in the low-pressure container (15) is further reduced, and each sonic nozzle (14) reaches a critical state;
s203, measuring the temperature T of the hydrogen in the high-pressure container (8) by the temperature sensor (20) and the pressure sensor (21) 0 And pressure P 0 Parameters are substituted into the controller (22) through the power supply signal line (19), the controller (22) obtains the hydrogen flow value of a single sonic nozzle through a mass flow formula, and the start and stop of each control valve are adjusted according to the hydrogen consumption requirement of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18), so that the integration of hydrogen flow regulation and measurement is realized;
the low-pressure hydrogen flowing out of the integrated regulator (7) enters a second channel of the cooler (17) along the hydrogen pipeline (1) and then enters a hydrogen empty fuel cell (18) for reaction;
s204, opening an air stop valve (29) and starting an air compressor (28); the external air enters an air pipeline (27) and sequentially passes through an air compressor (28) and an air stop valve (29), then enters a second channel of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (5), absorbs liquid hydrogen cooling capacity, then cools down, and then enters a hydrogen air fuel cell (18) for reaction;
s205, opening a first cooling valve (24), starting a coolant circulating pump (26), enabling high-temperature coolant from a cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) to enter a second channel of the hydrogen heat exchanger (6) through the first cooling valve (24), absorbing low-temperature hydrogen cooling capacity to cool, converting the low-temperature hydrogen cooling capacity into low-temperature coolant, enabling the low-temperature coolant to enter the cooling channel of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18) again through the coolant circulating pump (26) to cool the hydrogen air fuel cell (18), and improving the operation efficiency of the hydrogen air fuel cell (18).
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