CN117024019A

CN117024019A - Sand making method of sand making equipment and sand making equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117024019A
Application number: CN202310971431.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘质; 郝天成; 郭天刚
Original assignee: Changsha Shenxiang Universal Machine Co ltd
Current assignee: Changsha Shenxiang Universal Machine Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-03
Filing date: 2023-08-03
Publication date: 2023-11-10

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a sand making method of sand making equipment and the sand making equipment, which are used for processing materials into machine-made sand, wherein the materials comprise sand stone, mud powder and attached mud, or the materials comprise sand stone, mud powder, attached mud and mud blocks. The sand making process comprises a first crushing stage and a water washing stage, and the sand making method comprises the following steps: in the first crushing stage, sand and stone in at least the first grain size range in the material fall under the action of gravity and are crushed through rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process. And in the washing stage, sand and stone in at least a second particle size range in the material are washed to separate out mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks. The first particle size range is greater than the second particle size range. The sand making method provided by the embodiment of the application can reduce the waste powder amount, energy consumption, water resource waste and environmental pollution.

Description

Sand making method of sand making equipment and sand making equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of sand making, in particular to a sand making method of sand making equipment and the sand making equipment.

Background

Modern cities and infrastructure (e.g., house construction, high-speed rail, highways, bridge tunnels, etc.) require large amounts of machine-made sand. In recent years, because river sand is exploited in large quantities, river sand resources are gradually exhausted, and meanwhile, the demand of machine-made sand is increased along with the implementation of an environment-friendly forbidden exploitation policy.

However, in the dry sand making method of the related art, when the moisture content in the material is high, there is a problem that the material blocks the sand making equipment to make sand abnormally, and is easily affected by stone dust which has high moisture content and is hard in rock, resulting in abnormal production. When the rod mill is used for wet sand making, the problems of large waste powder amount, large energy consumption, water resource waste, environmental pollution caused by waste water discharge and the like exist because the rod mill generates a large amount of fine particles and a large amount of water needs to be added in the sand making process.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, a primary object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a sand making method and a sand making apparatus for a sand making apparatus capable of reducing the amount of waste powder, energy consumption, and water resource waste, environmental pollution, and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a sand making method of a sand making apparatus for processing a material into machine-made sand, the material including sand stone, mud powder and attached mud, or the material including the sand stone, the mud powder, the attached mud and mud cake, wherein the mud powder is mud dispersed in the sand stone, the attached mud is mud attached to the sand stone under the action of free moisture in the material or under the action of electrostatic adsorption, the mud cake is mud agglomerated into a cake under the action of the free moisture, and a sand making process includes a first crushing stage and a water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

In the first crushing stage, sand and stone in the material at least in a first particle size range fall under the action of gravity, and are crushed by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process;

in the water washing stage, washing sand and stone in at least a second particle size range in the material to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud block; wherein the first particle size range is greater than the second particle size range.

In one embodiment, the first crushing stage is located before the water washing stage, and the sand making method includes:

in the first crushing stage, all the materials fall under the action of gravity and are crushed by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process;

and in the washing stage, washing the crushed sand and stone at least in the second particle size range in the material so as to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud blocks.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a post-crushing sorting stage located between the first crushing stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

And in the post-crushing sorting stage, sorting the crushed materials to sort out sand in the second particle size range and sand in a third particle size range, and sorting out fine powder and/or mud powder, wherein the third particle size range is larger than the second particle size range.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further comprises a second crushing stage located between the post-crushing sorting stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

in the second crushing stage, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size in the sand in the third particle size range falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a dewatering stage located after the water washing stage, the sand making method including:

and in the dehydration stage, dehydrating the sand after water washing.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further comprises a third crushing stage located after the dewatering stage, the sand making method comprising:

in the dehydration stage, screening the sand and stone after water washing to obtain sand and stone with the particle size larger than the target particle size;

In the third crushing stage, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further comprises a fourth crushing stage located after the water wash stage, the sand making method comprising:

screening the crushed materials in the water washing stage to obtain sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size;

in the fourth crushing stage, sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a pre-crushing sorting stage located before the first crushing stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

and in the pre-crushing sorting stage, sorting the materials to sort out the sand in the second particle size range and the sand in the first particle size range.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a post-crushing sorting stage located after the first crushing stage and a fifth crushing stage located after the post-crushing sorting stage, the sand making method comprising:

In the post-crushing sorting stage, sorting the crushed sand and stone to sort sand and stone with the particle size larger than the target particle size;

in the fifth crushing stage, sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a sand making apparatus for processing a material into machine-made sand, the material including sand stone, mud powder and attached mud, or the material including the sand stone, the mud powder, the attached mud and mud cake, wherein the mud powder is mud dispersed in the sand stone, the attached mud is mud attached to the sand stone under the action of free moisture in the material or under the action of electrostatic adsorption, and the mud cake is mud agglomerated into a cake under the action of the free moisture, the sand making apparatus comprising:

the crushing device is used for enabling sand and stones at least in a first particle size range in the materials to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the sand and stones through roll grinding or roll beating in the falling process;

the sand washing recovery device is used for washing sand and stones at least in a second particle size range in the material to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud blocks; wherein the first particle size range is greater than the second particle size range.

In one embodiment, the crushing device is a column mill for roll grinding the sand.

In one embodiment, the crushing device is a column crusher for rolling and striking the sand.

In one embodiment, the crushing device is used for enabling all materials to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the materials through roll grinding or roll striking during the falling process; the sand washing recovery device is used for washing the sand and stones which are at least in the second particle size range in the crushed materials, so as to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud blocks.

In one embodiment, the sand making device further comprises a first gas sand separator for separating the crushed material to separate the sand in the second particle size range and the sand in a third particle size range, and separating fine powder and/or the mud powder, wherein the third particle size range is larger than the second particle size range.

In one embodiment, the crushing device is further used for enabling the sand with the particle size larger than a target particle size in the sand in the third particle size range to fall under the action of gravity and crushing by roll grinding or roll striking during the falling process.

In one embodiment, the sand making device further comprises a dewatering screen for dewatering the sand after washing.

In one embodiment, the sand making device further comprises a vibrating screen, wherein the vibrating screen is used for screening the sand after washing so as to obtain the sand with the particle size larger than a target particle size; the crushing device is also used for enabling the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the sand by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process.

In one embodiment, the sand making device further comprises a vibrating screen, wherein the vibrating screen is used for screening the crushed materials to obtain the sand with the particle size larger than a target particle size; the crushing device is also used for enabling the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the sand by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process.

In one embodiment, the sand making apparatus further comprises a second gas selector for sorting the material to separate the sand in the second particle size range from the sand in the first particle size range.

In one embodiment, the sand making device further comprises a first gas sand selector, wherein the first gas sand selector is used for sorting the crushed sand and stone to sort out the sand and stone with the particle size larger than a target particle size; the crushing device is also used for enabling the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the sand by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process.

In the sand making method of the sand making device, sand in at least a first grain size range in a first crushing stage falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process, and sand in at least a second grain size range in a water washing stage is washed to separate out mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks. Therefore, in the sand making process, only mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks in the materials need to be cleaned out through water in the water washing stage, and water does not need to be added in the first crushing stage to participate in the crushing process, so that the water consumption in the sand making process can be reduced, and the problems of waste of water resources and environmental pollution caused by wastewater discharge can be alleviated. In addition, because a large amount of water is not required to be used for moving sand and stone, the sand and stone moves under the action of gravity of the sand and stone, and the sand and stone can be crushed conveniently by adopting a rolling grinding or rolling striking mode. Meanwhile, the fine powder newly generated in the sand and stone crushing process is reduced by adopting a rolling grinding or rolling striking crushing mode, so that the produced machine-made sand has good particle shape and reasonable particle size distribution, and the energy consumption and equipment loss in the crushing process can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sand making method of a sand making apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a sand making flow chart of a sand making apparatus and a sand making method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a sand making flow chart for re-breaking sand greater than 4.75mm based on the sand making flow chart of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sand making flow chart of a sand making apparatus and a sand making method according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a sand making flow chart for re-breaking sand greater than 4.75mm based on the sand making flow chart of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sand making flow chart of a sand making apparatus and a sand making method according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a sand making flow chart for re-breaking sand greater than 4.75mm based on the sand making flow chart of FIG. 6.

Detailed Description

An embodiment of the application provides a sand making method of sand making equipment, which is used for processing materials into machine-made sand, wherein the materials comprise sand stones, mud powder and attached mud, or the materials comprise sand stones, mud powder, attached mud and mud blocks, wherein the mud powder is mud dispersed in the sand stones, the attached mud is mud attached to the sand stones under the action of free moisture in the materials or under the action of electrostatic adsorption, and the mud blocks are mud agglomerated into blocks under the action of the free moisture.

The material is a material that can be processed to form machine-made sand. For example, the materials of natural stone, sand tailings, construction waste and the like are subjected to coarse crushing and medium crushing.

The particle size range of the machine-made sand is determined according to practical requirements, and for example, the particle size range can be not less than 0.075mm and not more than 4.75mm. Of course, the upper limit value thereof may be modified to 2mm or 3mm.

The materials comprise sand and mud, wherein the sand is a granular loose material which can play a framework function or a filling function in the concrete, and the sand comprises sand and stone specifically according to different grain size divisions. For example, aggregate having a particle size of greater than 4.75mm is coarse aggregate, i.e., stone. Aggregate with particle size not greater than 4.75mm and not less than 0.075mm is fine aggregate, i.e. sand. And the particles with the particle size smaller than 0.075mm are mud.

In addition, because the materials contain free moisture, the mud in the materials is always in three states. The first state is a dispersed state, namely mud powder dispersed in sand. The second is the attached state, namely the attached mud. The third state is a mud block state, namely mud blocks which are agglomerated into blocks.

According to different actual conditions, the material can only contain mud powder and attached mud, or can contain mud powder, attached mud and mud blocks at the same time.

Referring to fig. 1, the sand making process includes a first crushing stage and a water washing stage, and the sand making method includes:

step S1: in the first crushing stage, sand and stone in at least the first grain size range in the material fall under the action of gravity and are crushed through rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process.

Step S2: in the washing stage, sand and stone in at least a second particle size range in the material are washed to separate out mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks; wherein the first particle size range is greater than the second particle size range.

The sequence of the step S1 and the step S2 may be determined according to the actual situation. If the first crushing stage is located before the water washing stage. Of course, there may be no restriction of the order between step S1 and step S2. For example, when the range of the particle size of the sand crushed in the first crushing stage and the range of the particle size of the sand washed in the washing stage do not intersect, the step S1 and the step S2 may be performed sequentially, and the sequence of the sequential operations is not limited, and the two may be performed simultaneously.

In particular, in the first crushing stage, the sand in the material, at least in the first particle size range, may fall under gravity alone. Of course, during the feeding process, the material can also move due to the pushing action.

Depending on the specific steps of the sand making method, only the sand in the first particle size range may be crushed in the first crushing stage, or the sand in other particle size ranges may be crushed, for example, all materials may be crushed.

In the washing stage, only the sand in the second particle size range can be washed, and sand in other particle size ranges can also be washed, such as washing all materials.

In the washing stage, most of the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud cake can be separated by washing, and it does not represent that all of the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud cake can be separated by washing.

The first particle size range is larger than the second particle size range, that is, sand in the first particle size range is coarser than sand in the second particle size range. The specific particle size range can be determined according to practical conditions.

Illustratively, the sand in the first size range comprises stone and the sand in the second size range is fine sand of acceptable size.

For example, the second particle size range is not less than 0.075mm and not greater than 0.6mm, and the first particle size range is greater than 4.75mm.

As another example, the second particle size range is not less than 0.075mm and not greater than 1.18mm, and the first particle size range is greater than 4.75mm.

For another example, the second particle size range is not less than 0.075mm and not more than 2.36mm, and the first particle size range is more than 4.75mm.

Of course, sand in the first size range may also include both coarse sand and stone.

Another embodiment of the present application provides a sand making apparatus for processing a material including sand stone, mud powder and attached mud or a material including sand stone, mud powder, attached mud and mud cake into machine-made sand. The sand making equipment comprises a crushing device and a sand washing recovery device.

The crushing device is used for enabling sand and stone in the material at least in the first particle size range to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the sand and stone through rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process.

The sand washing recovery device is used for washing sand and stone in at least a second particle size range in the material to separate out mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks.

For example, the sand washing recovery device includes a sand washer such as a rotary water wheel sand washer (bucket wheel sand washer), or a screw type sand washer, or a flushing screen.

The sand washing recovery device may also include a fine sand recovery device, such as a cyclone.

Of course, the sand washing and recycling device can also adopt a sand washing and recycling integrated machine.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the specific structure of the crushing device is not limited, and the crushing device can process a material with high water-containing mud content without adding a large amount of water for auxiliary crushing, for example, the crushing device is a column mill for rolling and grinding sand. For another example, the crushing device is a column crusher to roll and strike the sand. The sand and stone can move by self weight in the crushing device, so that water is not needed to be used as power, and the crushing device can realize the crushing effect by rolling the sand and stone. Meanwhile, the crushing is carried out by adopting a rolling grinding or rolling striking mode, so that noise pollution during the operation of a rod mill is avoided, and newly produced fine powder can be greatly reduced, thereby remarkably improving the sand making rate and improving the quality of machine-made sand.

The column mill is a device for rolling and grinding sand by a roller, and the sand can fall down in the column mill by the gravity of the sand. Illustratively, the column mill includes a housing, a rotatable shaft disposed within the housing, and a plurality of rollers coupled to the rotatable shaft. The column mill can rotate the roller in the housing by driving the spindle to rotate. After the material is fed from the upper part of the column mill, a material layer can be formed between the roller and the shell by gravity and upper pushing. The material layer is rolled by a roller to form powder, and finally, the powder is automatically discharged from the lower part of the column mill. The roller only rotates and revolves regularly under the rotation of the main shaft, and the roller cannot collide with the shell to generate loss and abrasion, so that the roller is simple and scientific in structure and has obvious energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects.

In addition, the column crusher is a device for rolling and striking sand by a roller, and the sand can fall down in the column crusher by the gravity of the column crusher. Wherein, the crushing principle of the column crusher and the column mill is different to a certain extent. The column grinder is mainly used for grinding sand and stone through the rolling action between the roller and the shell, and the column grinder can be used for carrying out multiple crushing such as rolling, beating, kneading, shearing and the like on the sand and stone. Illustratively, the column crusher comprises a housing, a rotating shaft arranged in the housing, a plurality of grinding rollers arranged on the rotating shaft, a pushing device for axially moving sand along the rotating shaft in the sand making process, and a screen plate arranged at the bottom side of the grinding rollers and the rotating shaft. Specifically, after the grit is given from the upper portion of post garrulous machine, can follow the upward down motion through self gravity, the axis of rotation drives the roller and rotates, cooperatees with blevile of push simultaneously, can form the bed of material on the sieve for the grit can remove while broken, thereby carries out roll-in, strike, rub and shear to the grit. Meanwhile, the sand and stone can be rubbed with each other, so that the sand and stone particles are round, and qualified sand and stone after being crushed can be discharged downwards through the screen plate in time. Therefore, the sand and gravel can be prevented from being excessively crushed, and the crushing energy consumption of the column crusher can be greatly reduced.

Because the column mill or the column crusher only has better crushing effect, the column mill or the column crusher does not have independent mud removing function. Therefore, when materials with high water content and high mud content are processed through a rod mill, wet sand making is carried out. Specifically, the rod mill is mainly a device for breaking sand and stone by throwing or discharging steel rods. The sand can not move through the sand, and can only move under the thrust action of water flow and feeding. Illustratively, the rod mill includes a rotatable horizontal barrel within which is mounted a relatively long steel rod. The materials and the steel bars are driven by the rotary cylinder body to roll, mutually collide and smash in the cylinder body, so that the materials are fully crushed. Meanwhile, water is continuously added into the cylinder body, so that materials flow along the radial direction of the cylinder body under the drive of water flow, and finally are discharged from a discharge opening of the cylinder body along with the water, and the problems of water resource waste and environmental pollution caused by wastewater discharge exist. In addition, in the crushing process, as the crushing force of the rolled steel bars in the bar mill is overlarge, on one hand, excessive fine powder can be generated, so that the sand yield of machine-made sand is reduced and the quality is low. Most of the fine powder is mixed with water in a rod mill to become slurry, so that not only is the resource waste caused and the cost increased, but also excessive slurry is not easy to recycle, and a certain environmental pollution is caused. On the other hand, the energy consumption required by the rolling and impacting of the steel bar and the materials is high and the loss is also high.

In the sand making method of the sand making equipment, in the first crushing stage, sand and stone at least in the first grain size range in the material fall under the action of gravity and are crushed by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process, and in the water washing stage, sand and stone at least in the second grain size range in the material are washed to separate out mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks. Therefore, in the sand making process, only mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks in the materials need to be cleaned out through water in the water washing stage, and water does not need to be added in the first crushing stage to participate in the crushing process, so that the water consumption in the sand making process can be reduced, and the problems of waste of water resources and environmental pollution caused by wastewater discharge can be alleviated. In addition, because a large amount of water is not required to be used for moving sand and stone, the sand and stone moves under the action of gravity of the sand and stone, and the sand and stone can be crushed conveniently by adopting a rolling grinding or rolling striking mode. Meanwhile, the fine powder newly generated in the sand and stone crushing process can be reduced by adopting a rolling grinding or rolling beating crushing mode, so that the produced machine-made sand has good particle shape and reasonable particle size distribution, and the energy consumption and equipment loss in the crushing process can be reduced.

In fact, the sand making method of the sand making equipment is a semi-dry sand making method, so that on one hand, the problem that materials with high water and mud content are difficult to adopt dry sand making is solved, and on the other hand, a series of problems of water resource waste, environmental pollution, higher energy consumption, poor machine-made sand quality and the like caused by wet sand making of a rod mill can be avoided.

In one embodiment, the first crushing stage is located before the water washing stage, and the sand making method of the sand making device comprises the following steps:

in the first crushing stage, all materials fall under the action of gravity and are crushed by roll grinding or roll striking during the falling process.

And in the washing stage, washing sand and stone at least in a second particle size range in the crushed material to separate out mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks.

It will be appreciated that the washing of the sand, at least in the second particle size range, is in effect a washing of the dust dispersed in the sand and/or the attachment mud attached to the sand and/or the mud cake entrained in the sand.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 to 5, in the first crushing stage, rolling grinding or rolling striking is performed on all materials, and in the washing stage, according to the specific steps of the sand making method, washing may be performed on all crushed materials, or only part of sand, for example, only sand in the second particle size range.

The crushing may be performed by a crushing device, and the washing may be performed by a sand washing recovery device.

The sand making process also includes a concentration stage and a filtration stage located after the water washing stage. In particular, the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud cake separated in the water washing stage may be mixed with water to form a large amount of slurry, and in the concentration stage, the slurry is introduced into a concentration device (such as a concentration tank or a thickener) of the sand making apparatus to be concentrated. The particles with high specific gravity in the slurry are deposited on the lower layer in the concentrating device (such as flocculation by adding flocculant), and the upper layer of the concentrating device forms clear water to flow out, so that the concentration of the slurry is increased, and the purpose of concentrating the slurry is achieved.

In the filtering stage, the concentrated slurry is conveyed to a filtering device of sand making equipment for filtering, wherein the filtering device comprises a filter press, a vacuum filter and the like. Specifically, the slurry forms a cake during filtration and is then landfilled or otherwise utilized, while a small amount of clean water is also formed during filtration. Clear water generated in the filtering process and the concentrating device can be added to the sand washing recovery device so as to achieve the purpose of recycling water resources.

Illustratively, the sand making process further includes a post-crushing sorting stage located between the first crushing stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method of the sand making apparatus comprising:

in the post-crushing sorting stage, the crushed material is sorted to sort sand in a second particle size range and sand in a third particle size range, wherein the third particle size range is greater than the second particle size range.

Specifically, a post-crushing sorting stage is further arranged between the first crushing stage and the water washing stage, and sand in the second particle size range and sand in the third particle size range can be sorted from crushed materials. And separating out the fine powder and/or mud powder to be used as powder. The fine powder can be formed by crushing sand and stones in the materials and mutually colliding, and the mud powder can be mud powder in the materials or formed by adhering mud and/or mud blocks through sorting. Therefore, mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks in the materials can be removed well through separation, the amount of mud cakes formed through concentration and filtration after water washing can be greatly reduced, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, and meanwhile, the amount of flocculating agent added in a concentration stage can be reduced. When the material with high mud content is processed, a better mud removing effect can be achieved.

It should be noted that referring to fig. 4 and 5, the sorting in the post-crushing sorting stage may be performed by a first gas sand separator of the sand making apparatus to sort out sand in the second particle size range, sand in the third particle size range, and fine powder and/or mud powder.

In addition, the sand in the third particle size range is coarser than the sand in the second particle size range, so that only the sand in the second particle size range can be washed in the washing stage without washing the sand in the third particle size range and the separated fine powder and/or mud powder. Thus, the amount of water used and the effort of the concentration and filtration stages can be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, according to actual conditions, the sand in the third grain size range can also be directly used as qualified machine-made sand.

The second particle size range and the third particle size range have no intersection, and the specific range of the second particle size range and the third particle size range needs to be determined according to the mud content and the water content of the separated sand.

For example, the second particle size range is not less than 0.075mm and not greater than 0.6mm, and the third particle size range is greater than 0.6mm.

As another example, the second particle size range is not less than 0.075mm and not greater than 1.18mm, and the third particle size range is greater than 1.18mm.

For another example, the second particle size range is not less than 0.075mm and not more than 2.36mm, and the third particle size range is more than 2.36mm.

When the separated sand contains more water and mud, the second grain size range can be selected to be larger than the upper limit value so as to ensure the cleaning effect on mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks in the sand. When the water and mud content in the sorted sand is low, the second grain size range can be selected to be smaller than the upper limit value, so that the cleaning amount in the water washing stage is reduced, and the water resource waste is reduced.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a second crushing stage, the second crushing stage being located between the post-crushing sorting stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

in the second crushing stage, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size in the sand in the third particle size range falls under the action of gravity, and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

Specifically, according to the particle size requirement of the required machine-made sand, sand with larger particle size in the third particle size range can be crushed again. Wherein, the target particle size can be determined according to actual requirements. For example, the target particle size is 4.75mm.

It should be noted that, referring to fig. 5, the crushing in the second crushing stage is also performed by rolling grinding or rolling beating through the crushing device. In the actual production process, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size can be transported back to the crushing device for crushing.

In addition, in the sand in the third grain size range, the sand with the grain size smaller than or equal to the target grain size is qualified machine-made sand.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a dewatering stage located after the water washing stage, the sand making method including: and in the dehydration stage, dehydrating the material after washing.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 to 5, after the sand is washed in the washing stage, the sand is further dehydrated, and the specific dehydration mode is not limited. For example, sand making equipment includes a dewatering screen, and sand after washing is put into the dewatering screen to be dewatered. In addition to dewatering by a dewatering screen, other methods such as settling dewatering and the like may be used.

In practice, the sand is dehydrated to obtain qualified machine-made sand.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a third crushing stage located after the dewatering stage, the sand making method including:

And in the dehydration stage, screening the sand and stone subjected to water washing to obtain sand and stone with the particle size larger than the target particle size.

In the third crushing stage, the sand with the grain size larger than the target grain size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

It should be noted that the sand making process may not include both the second crushing stage and the third crushing stage. In practice, the second crushing stage and the third crushing stage are stages for crushing again the sand having a larger particle diameter after the first crushing stage, and the functions of both are the same, so that only one crushing process of both can be set according to the actual situation.

Specifically, sand with a particle size larger than the target particle size is screened out in the dehydration stage, so that the sand with a larger particle size after dehydration is crushed again. Wherein, the target particle size can be determined according to actual requirements. For example, the target particle size is 4.75mm.

The crushing in the third crushing stage is also roll grinding or roll beating by the crushing device. In the actual production process, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size can be transported back to the crushing device for crushing.

Wherein, in the dehydration stage, the screening can be realized by screening the dehydrated sand stone through a vibrating screen of sand making equipment.

Of course, the above-described re-crushing process may also be provided in other sand making stages following the first crushing stage.

Illustratively, the sand making process further includes a fourth crushing stage located after the water wash stage, the sand making method comprising:

and in the water washing stage, screening the crushed materials to obtain sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size.

In the fourth crushing stage, the sand with the grain size larger than the target grain size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

Specifically, the fourth crushing stage, the third crushing stage and the second crushing stage are processes of crushing the sand again, so that only one of the crushing stages can be set according to actual conditions.

It will be appreciated that referring to fig. 3, screening of the crushed material during the water wash stage may also be accomplished by a vibrating screen.

In the pre-crushing sorting stage, the material is sorted to sort sand in the second particle size range and sand in the first particle size range.

Specifically, there is no sequential relationship between the first crushing stage and the water washing stage. And in the pre-crushing sorting stage, sand and stone in the second particle size range are sorted from the material so as to enter a water washing stage for water washing. And sand in the first particle size range is separated from the material so that it enters the first crushing stage for crushing.

In practice, before crushing and washing, the materials are firstly sorted, then the sand with larger particle size in the materials is crushed, and the sand with smaller particle size in the materials is washed.

In the stage of sorting before crushing, sand in the second particle size range and sand in the first particle size range can be sorted, and partial fine powder and/or mud powder can be sorted, wherein the fine powder can be self in the material and is formed by collision friction of sand, and the mud powder can be self mud powder in the material and can also be formed by sorting attached mud and/or mud blocks. Therefore, by sorting before crushing, mud powder and/or attached mud and/or mud blocks in the material can be removed well, and the workload of a subsequent concentration stage and a filtering stage can be reduced, so that the slurry amount formed in the subsequent sand making process can be reduced, the finally generated mud cake amount is reduced, a good mud removing effect can be achieved when the material with high mud content is processed, the quality of machine-made sand is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

In addition, referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the pre-crushing sorting stage, sorting may be performed by a second gas sorter of the sand making apparatus. The second gas sand selector is different from the first gas sand selector in that the second gas sand selector not only has the function of the first gas sand selector, but also has the function of stronger dry mud washing.

In one embodiment, the material is sorted during the pre-crushing sorting stage, and sand in a fourth size range may also be sorted, where the fourth size range is greater than the second size range and less than the first size range.

Specifically, the sand in the fourth grain size range in the material can be directly separated out as machine-made sand by separating the material between the first crushing stage and the water washing stage. This is because the sand in the fourth particle size range is coarser than the sand in the second particle size range and finer than the sand in the first particle size range. For example, the sand in the fourth particle size range is coarse sand, the particle size of the sand meets the requirement of the machine-made sand particle size, but the mud content is low, so that the sand is directly used as the machine-made sand, the production efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

In one embodiment, the sand making process further includes a post-crushing sorting stage following the first crushing stage and a fifth crushing stage following the post-crushing sorting stage, the sand making method comprising:

and in the stage of sorting after crushing, sorting the crushed sand and stone to sort out sand and stone with the particle size larger than the target particle size.

In the fifth crushing stage, the sand with the grain size larger than the target grain size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

Specifically, the sand with the grain diameter larger than the target grain diameter is separated and crushed again, so that the grain diameter of the produced machine-made sand can be ensured to meet the requirement.

Note that, referring to fig. 7, in the post-crushing sorting stage, sorting may be performed by the first gas sand separator. The crushing in the fifth crushing stage is also rolling grinding or rolling beating by a crushing device. In the actual production process, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size can be transported back to the crushing device again for crushing, namely, re-crushing is carried out.

The target particle diameter may be determined according to practical requirements, for example, the target particle diameter is 4.75mm.

Of course, in the stage of sorting after crushing, the crushed sand and stone can be sorted to sort out fine powder and/or mud powder, so that the mud content in the machine-made sand is further reduced, and in the subsequent use process, the quality of the building is obviously reduced due to poor quality of the machine-made sand and potential safety hazard is avoided.

In the description of the present application, a description of the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," or "exemplary" and the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of the various embodiments or examples may be combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus for processing a material into machine-made sand, the material including sand stone, mud powder and attached mud, or the material including the sand stone, the mud powder, the attached mud and mud cake, wherein the mud powder is mud dispersed in the sand stone, the attached mud is mud attached to the sand stone under the action of free moisture in the material or under the action of electrostatic adsorption, the mud cake is mud agglomerated into blocks under the action of the free moisture, and a sand making process including a first crushing stage and a water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

In the first crushing stage, the sand and stone in the material at least in a first particle size range falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process;

in the water washing stage, washing the sand and stone in the material at least in a second particle size range to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud block; wherein the first particle size range is greater than the second particle size range.

2. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said first crushing stage is located before said water washing stage, said sand making method comprising:

and in the water washing stage, washing the sand and stone which is at least in the second particle size range in the crushed material, so as to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud blocks.

3. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sand making process further comprises a post-crushing sorting stage, the post-crushing sorting stage being located between the first crushing stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

And in the post-crushing sorting stage, sorting the crushed materials to sort out the sand and stone in the second particle size range and the sand and stone in a third particle size range, and sorting out fine powder and/or mud powder, wherein the third particle size range is larger than the second particle size range.

4. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the sand making process further comprises a second crushing stage, the second crushing stage being located between the post-crushing sorting stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

in the second crushing stage, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size in the sand in the third particle size range falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

5. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said sand making process further includes a dewatering stage located after said water washing stage, said sand making method comprising:

and in the dehydration stage, dehydrating the sand after washing.

6. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus as defined in claim 5, further comprising a third crushing stage located after the dewatering stage, the sand making method comprising:

Screening the washed sand and stone in the dehydration stage to obtain sand and stone with the particle size larger than a target particle size;

7. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sand making process further comprises a fourth crushing stage located after the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

screening the crushed materials in the water washing stage to obtain the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size;

in the fourth crushing stage, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

8. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sand making process further comprises a pre-crushing sorting stage, the pre-crushing sorting stage being located before the first crushing stage and the water washing stage, the sand making method comprising:

9. A sand making method of a sand making apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the sand making process further comprises a post-crushing sorting stage located after the first crushing stage and a fifth crushing stage located after the post-crushing sorting stage, the sand making method comprising:

sorting the crushed sand and stone in the post-crushing sorting stage to sort out sand and stone with the particle size larger than a target particle size;

in the fifth crushing stage, the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size falls under the action of gravity and is crushed by roll grinding or roll striking in the falling process.

10. A sand making apparatus for processing a material into machine-made sand, the material comprising sand stone, mud powder and attached mud, or the material comprising sand stone, mud powder, attached mud and mud cake, wherein the mud powder is mud dispersed in the sand stone, the attached mud is mud attached to the sand stone under the action of free moisture in the material or under the action of electrostatic adsorption, and the mud cake is mud agglomerated into a cake under the action of the free moisture, comprising:

The crushing device is used for enabling the sand and stone in the material at least in the first particle size range to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the sand and stone through rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process;

the sand washing recovery device is used for washing the sand and stones at least in a second particle size range in the material to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud blocks; wherein the first particle size range is greater than the second particle size range.

11. A sand making apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said crushing device is a column mill for roll grinding said sand; or, the crushing device is a column crusher, and the column crusher is used for rolling and striking the sand and stone.

12. A sand making apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said crushing means is adapted to drop all of said material under gravity and crush it during the drop by roller grinding or roller striking;

the sand washing recovery device is used for washing the sand and stones which are at least in the second particle size range in the crushed materials, so as to separate out the mud powder and/or the attached mud and/or the mud blocks.

13. A sand making apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising a first gas classifier for classifying said crushed material to separate said sand in said second particle size range and said sand in a third particle size range, wherein said third particle size range is larger than said second particle size range, and separating out fines and/or said mud powder.

14. A sand making apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said crushing means is further adapted to drop said sand having a particle size larger than a target particle size of said sand in said third particle size range by gravity and crush by roll grinding or roll striking during the drop.

15. A sand making apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising a dewatering screen for dewatering the sand after washing.

16. The sand making apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a vibrating screen for screening the sand after washing to obtain the sand having a particle size greater than a target particle size;

The crushing device is also used for enabling the sand with the particle size larger than the target particle size to fall under the action of gravity and crushing the sand by rolling grinding or rolling striking in the falling process.

17. A sand making apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising a vibrating screen for screening the crushed material to obtain said sand having a particle size greater than a target particle size;

18. A sand production apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a second gas classifier for classifying the material to classify the sand in the second particle size range and the sand in the first particle size range.

19. A sand making apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising a first gas selector for sorting said crushed sand to sort said sand having a particle size greater than a target particle size;